CA1131188A - Replaceable protective means for shredder components - Google Patents
Replaceable protective means for shredder componentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1131188A CA1131188A CA348,035A CA348035A CA1131188A CA 1131188 A CA1131188 A CA 1131188A CA 348035 A CA348035 A CA 348035A CA 1131188 A CA1131188 A CA 1131188A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cap
- component
- openings
- pin
- aligned
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
REPLACEABLE PROTECTIVE MEANS FOR
SHREDDER COMPONENTS
Abstract of the Disclosure Replaceable protective means for protecting a component of a shredder from excessive wear includes a protective cap of hardened, wear resistant metal, and at least two pins and washers of readily weldable metal. The protective cap has a U-shaped channel for receiving a por-tion of the periphery of the component. The opposed walls of the U-shaped channel each have at least one pair of pin-receiving openings and the openings in each wall are aligned with those in the opposed wall. When the cap is positioned in place on the component with the pin receiving openings in the opposed walls of the cap aligned with open-ings which extend through the end disc, the pins which have enlarged heads at one end which are larger than the openings in the disc can be inserted into the aligned openings and secured in place by welding a washer which also is larger in diameter than the openings in the disc to the other end of each of the pins. The protective cap is thus retained in place on the component by the welded pin and washer combina-tions which are not directly attached to either the cap or the component.
SHREDDER COMPONENTS
Abstract of the Disclosure Replaceable protective means for protecting a component of a shredder from excessive wear includes a protective cap of hardened, wear resistant metal, and at least two pins and washers of readily weldable metal. The protective cap has a U-shaped channel for receiving a por-tion of the periphery of the component. The opposed walls of the U-shaped channel each have at least one pair of pin-receiving openings and the openings in each wall are aligned with those in the opposed wall. When the cap is positioned in place on the component with the pin receiving openings in the opposed walls of the cap aligned with open-ings which extend through the end disc, the pins which have enlarged heads at one end which are larger than the openings in the disc can be inserted into the aligned openings and secured in place by welding a washer which also is larger in diameter than the openings in the disc to the other end of each of the pins. The protective cap is thus retained in place on the component by the welded pin and washer combina-tions which are not directly attached to either the cap or the component.
Description
~ 13~18~
This invention relates generally to shredders for shredding scrap metal objects such as automobile bodies.
More particularly, it relates to replaceable protective means for prolonging the useful life of shredder components.
Shredders of the type which are widely used to reduce metal objects such as automobile bodies into small manageable pieces include a housing, a rotary hammer assembly, means for rotating the hammer assembly, and a comb and grate bars which cooperate with the hammers to fragmentize or shred the objects.
The performance and efficiency of such shredders has been significantly improved by employing in the housing an improved spider arm rotary hammer assembly and the useful life of the spider arms has been prolonged by protecting the ends of the arms from premature wear by the use of replace-able protective caps.
The use of replaceable caps has reduced the down-time which resulted from excessive wear of the spider arms.
However, significant downtime still can occur because of wear of other components by the rotor assembly, especially the end discs. The end discs are solid discs of metal positioned at each end of the hammer assembly which rotate with the rotary assembly and retain the shredded materials within the path of the hammers. The portion of the end disc ` which is especially subject to wear as the result of contact with shredded materials is its edge or periphery. Previous attempts to prolong the useful life of the end discs have comprised rebuilding the worn surfaces by sputtering metal thereon which is time consuming and thus costly or attempt-ing to weld protective coverings on the disc. However, welding to the discs is undesirable because it can cause stresses in the metal which weaken the disc and/or the protective coverings.
3~31~8B
The replaceable protective means of the present invention includes a protective cap of hardened, wear resis-tant metal and at least two pins and washers of readily weldable metal which cooperate with the end disc and cap to secure the cap in place without welding directly to either the cap or disc.
The preferred protective cap has a curved U-shaped channel for receiving a similarly curved portion of the periphery of the end disc and each of the opposed walls of the U-shaped channel have at least one pair of pin-receiving openings. The openings in each wall are aligned with those in the opposed wall. When the cap is positimned in place on the end disc with the pin-receiving openings in the opposed walls aligned with pin-receiving openings extending through the end disc, the pins which have an enlarged head at one end can be inserted through the aligned openings. The washers are then secured to the other ends of the pins by welding. The pins and washers are welded only to each other. Thus, potentially weakening welding to the cap or disc is eliminated. When it is desired to remove the pro-tective cap, the welded bond between the washer and pin can be readily broken without any danger of damaging the end discs and the pins removed from the aligned openings to free the cap.
In one embodiment, the protective cap includes a protective skirt to also protect interior areas of the disc from erosion and wear.
It is an object of the present invention to dis-close replaceable, protective means for the end disc of the shredder which will prolong its useful life.
It is a further object of the invention to provide protective means which can be quickly and easily replaced so as to reduce the amount of downtime which occurs when an end disc must be replaced or repaired.
It is a still further object to disclose a method of attaching a protective cap to a shredder component without welding directly to the cap or the component.
The forementioned and other objects of the inven-tion will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and drawings which follow which illustrate the practice of the present invention.
In drawings which illustrate the embodiments of the invention, Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a shredder embodying the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a partial, sectional view of the rotary hammer assembly of the shredder of Fig. 1 taken along lines
This invention relates generally to shredders for shredding scrap metal objects such as automobile bodies.
More particularly, it relates to replaceable protective means for prolonging the useful life of shredder components.
Shredders of the type which are widely used to reduce metal objects such as automobile bodies into small manageable pieces include a housing, a rotary hammer assembly, means for rotating the hammer assembly, and a comb and grate bars which cooperate with the hammers to fragmentize or shred the objects.
The performance and efficiency of such shredders has been significantly improved by employing in the housing an improved spider arm rotary hammer assembly and the useful life of the spider arms has been prolonged by protecting the ends of the arms from premature wear by the use of replace-able protective caps.
The use of replaceable caps has reduced the down-time which resulted from excessive wear of the spider arms.
However, significant downtime still can occur because of wear of other components by the rotor assembly, especially the end discs. The end discs are solid discs of metal positioned at each end of the hammer assembly which rotate with the rotary assembly and retain the shredded materials within the path of the hammers. The portion of the end disc ` which is especially subject to wear as the result of contact with shredded materials is its edge or periphery. Previous attempts to prolong the useful life of the end discs have comprised rebuilding the worn surfaces by sputtering metal thereon which is time consuming and thus costly or attempt-ing to weld protective coverings on the disc. However, welding to the discs is undesirable because it can cause stresses in the metal which weaken the disc and/or the protective coverings.
3~31~8B
The replaceable protective means of the present invention includes a protective cap of hardened, wear resis-tant metal and at least two pins and washers of readily weldable metal which cooperate with the end disc and cap to secure the cap in place without welding directly to either the cap or disc.
The preferred protective cap has a curved U-shaped channel for receiving a similarly curved portion of the periphery of the end disc and each of the opposed walls of the U-shaped channel have at least one pair of pin-receiving openings. The openings in each wall are aligned with those in the opposed wall. When the cap is positimned in place on the end disc with the pin-receiving openings in the opposed walls aligned with pin-receiving openings extending through the end disc, the pins which have an enlarged head at one end can be inserted through the aligned openings. The washers are then secured to the other ends of the pins by welding. The pins and washers are welded only to each other. Thus, potentially weakening welding to the cap or disc is eliminated. When it is desired to remove the pro-tective cap, the welded bond between the washer and pin can be readily broken without any danger of damaging the end discs and the pins removed from the aligned openings to free the cap.
In one embodiment, the protective cap includes a protective skirt to also protect interior areas of the disc from erosion and wear.
It is an object of the present invention to dis-close replaceable, protective means for the end disc of the shredder which will prolong its useful life.
It is a further object of the invention to provide protective means which can be quickly and easily replaced so as to reduce the amount of downtime which occurs when an end disc must be replaced or repaired.
It is a still further object to disclose a method of attaching a protective cap to a shredder component without welding directly to the cap or the component.
The forementioned and other objects of the inven-tion will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and drawings which follow which illustrate the practice of the present invention.
In drawings which illustrate the embodiments of the invention, Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a shredder embodying the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a partial, sectional view of the rotary hammer assembly of the shredder of Fig. 1 taken along lines
2-2 of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing one embodi-ment of the replaceable cap and a pin and a washer of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the replaceable cap; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged, sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 10 designates generally a fragmentizing chamber of a shredder or hammermill which has a rotary hammer assembly 11 mounted therein. The hammer assembly 11 comprises a series of six arm spiders 12 which are mounted on and keyed to a shaft 13, Hammers 14 are mounted on hammer pins 15 which extend through the ends of the spider arms so that the hammers 14 can swing freely. The ends of the arms of the spider 12 are equipped with protective caps 16.
1131~B
As seen best in Fig. 2, a pair of end discs 17,17' are mounted on and keyed to the shaft 13 at each end outside the series of spiders 12. The ends, 13a,13b of shaft 13 extend through and past the end discs 17,17' and are received in bearings (not shown) that are structurally supported by the side walls of the shredder housing. The series of spiders 12 and the end discs 17,17' are secured together with tie rods 18 and are rotated as a unitary assembly by a motor.
Referring now to Fig. 1, the operation of the shredder will be described. In operation, the free swinging hammers 14 rotate with the rotary hammer assembly 11 and coact with the teeth of a rigidly mounted cutting comb 19 that extends the length of the rotary hammer assembly 11 and with the cutter bars 20 that are circumferentially spaced about the lower part of the orbit of the hammer circle to break up any material 21 entering the shredder through the inlet 22. When the pieces or fragments 23 into which the shredder breaks the incoming material reach a desired size, they fall through the spaces 24 between the cutter bars 20 onto a delivery conveyor 25 which carries them from the shredder housing. The end discs 17,17' which rotate with the shaft 13 cooperate with the walls of the chamber 10 to prevent the shredded pieces from leaving the chamber except ' through the openings 24 between the cutter bars 20.
The hammers 14, the comb 19 and cutter bars 20 which coact to shred the material entering the shredder are of specially treated, hardened steel. The spider arms 12 and the end discs 17,17' because of their size and shapes are more effectively cast of softer steel. Although in operation the hammer 14, comb 19 and cutter bars 20 are subjected to most of the impact and wear associated with the 1~131~8 shredding of scrap objects, the shredded pieces 23 do con-tact and cause erosion and wear of the spider arms 12 and end discs 17,17' as well. The area most susceptible to wear on the spider arm 12 is the leading edge portion and on end discs 17,17' it is the circumferential edge or periphery of the disc.
The protective caps 16 which are of hard, wear resistant steel protect the leading edges of the spider arms 12. The protective caps 16 are secured to the ends of the arms 12 using a mortise and tenon type joint and are retained in position by the hammer pins 15. Thus, welding that might cause weakening stresses in the metal of the cap 16 or the arms 12 is avoided.
The periphery and interior areas of the end discs 17,17' which are subject to wear may be protected with the replaceable protective means shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 which can be attached to the end disc without welding in a manner to be described. ~-In Fig. 3, an embodiment of the protective means of the present invention can be seen that includes a protec-tive cap 26 of specially hardened steel and a pin 27 and a washer 28 of weldable metal. The protective cap 25 has a generally U-shaped channel 29 which is shaped to receive a portion of the periphery of the end disc 17. The opposed walls 30,31 of the channel 29 each have an integral skirt 30a,31a and are provided with a pair of apertures or open-ings 32,33. The openings 32,33, respectively, of the opposed walls 30,31 are aligned. As a result, when the cap 26 is positioned upon the end disc 17, the openings 32,33 can be aligned with similar openings 34 (seen best in Fig. 5) in the end disc 17 and the pins 27 can be inserted to extend through the aligned opening. The pins 27 are preferably inserted from the chamber side of the end disc so that the - :
~1~118~
head 27a is received in the opening 32 of the wall 30, as seen best in Figs. 2 and 5. When the pins 27 are in place in the aligned openings, a washer 28 is placed upon the free end of each of the pins 27 and welded as at 35 to the pin 27, as seen in Fig. 5.
The openings 34 in the end discs 17,17' through which the body of the pins 27 extend have a diameter which is only slightly larger than the diameter of the body por-tion of the pin 27, but which is smaller than the head 27a of the pin and the washer 28. As a result, when the pin 27 is in place and the washer 28 is welded thereto the head 27a and washer 28 cooperate to prevent the pin 27 from being removed. If it is desired to remove the cap 26, the weld 35 between the pin 27 and washer 28 can be broken as with a welding torch and the pin 27 knocked out of the aligned openings in the cap 26 and the end disc 17.
As seen in Figs. 2 and 5, an area 36 adjacent the ; periphery or outer edge of the end discs 17,17' is of reduced thickness so that when the protective cap 26 is mounted in place the surface of the wall 30 of the cap 26 is flush with the inner wall of the discs 17,17', thus providing a smooth less likely to wear surface.
In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the openings 32 and 33 are of only slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the head 27a and the washer 28 so that the head 27a and washer 28 when secured in the openings 32 and 33 will not only retain the cap 28 to the disc 17, `, but prevent it from moving or wobbling once in place.
Another embodiment of the replaceable cap 26 which does not have walls with integral skirts is shown in Fig, 4.
This embodiment of the cap can be used on those areas of the end disc in which the inner areas of the disc need not be protected from erosion and wear.
;
:
1 1 3~
It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel method of attaching the replaceable cap in place without welding on either the cap or the sur- -face being protected can be applied with advantage to pro-tect other metal surfaces subject to wear. Therefore, it is intended that such application of the method be covered by the claims which follow.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing one embodi-ment of the replaceable cap and a pin and a washer of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the replaceable cap; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged, sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 10 designates generally a fragmentizing chamber of a shredder or hammermill which has a rotary hammer assembly 11 mounted therein. The hammer assembly 11 comprises a series of six arm spiders 12 which are mounted on and keyed to a shaft 13, Hammers 14 are mounted on hammer pins 15 which extend through the ends of the spider arms so that the hammers 14 can swing freely. The ends of the arms of the spider 12 are equipped with protective caps 16.
1131~B
As seen best in Fig. 2, a pair of end discs 17,17' are mounted on and keyed to the shaft 13 at each end outside the series of spiders 12. The ends, 13a,13b of shaft 13 extend through and past the end discs 17,17' and are received in bearings (not shown) that are structurally supported by the side walls of the shredder housing. The series of spiders 12 and the end discs 17,17' are secured together with tie rods 18 and are rotated as a unitary assembly by a motor.
Referring now to Fig. 1, the operation of the shredder will be described. In operation, the free swinging hammers 14 rotate with the rotary hammer assembly 11 and coact with the teeth of a rigidly mounted cutting comb 19 that extends the length of the rotary hammer assembly 11 and with the cutter bars 20 that are circumferentially spaced about the lower part of the orbit of the hammer circle to break up any material 21 entering the shredder through the inlet 22. When the pieces or fragments 23 into which the shredder breaks the incoming material reach a desired size, they fall through the spaces 24 between the cutter bars 20 onto a delivery conveyor 25 which carries them from the shredder housing. The end discs 17,17' which rotate with the shaft 13 cooperate with the walls of the chamber 10 to prevent the shredded pieces from leaving the chamber except ' through the openings 24 between the cutter bars 20.
The hammers 14, the comb 19 and cutter bars 20 which coact to shred the material entering the shredder are of specially treated, hardened steel. The spider arms 12 and the end discs 17,17' because of their size and shapes are more effectively cast of softer steel. Although in operation the hammer 14, comb 19 and cutter bars 20 are subjected to most of the impact and wear associated with the 1~131~8 shredding of scrap objects, the shredded pieces 23 do con-tact and cause erosion and wear of the spider arms 12 and end discs 17,17' as well. The area most susceptible to wear on the spider arm 12 is the leading edge portion and on end discs 17,17' it is the circumferential edge or periphery of the disc.
The protective caps 16 which are of hard, wear resistant steel protect the leading edges of the spider arms 12. The protective caps 16 are secured to the ends of the arms 12 using a mortise and tenon type joint and are retained in position by the hammer pins 15. Thus, welding that might cause weakening stresses in the metal of the cap 16 or the arms 12 is avoided.
The periphery and interior areas of the end discs 17,17' which are subject to wear may be protected with the replaceable protective means shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 which can be attached to the end disc without welding in a manner to be described. ~-In Fig. 3, an embodiment of the protective means of the present invention can be seen that includes a protec-tive cap 26 of specially hardened steel and a pin 27 and a washer 28 of weldable metal. The protective cap 25 has a generally U-shaped channel 29 which is shaped to receive a portion of the periphery of the end disc 17. The opposed walls 30,31 of the channel 29 each have an integral skirt 30a,31a and are provided with a pair of apertures or open-ings 32,33. The openings 32,33, respectively, of the opposed walls 30,31 are aligned. As a result, when the cap 26 is positioned upon the end disc 17, the openings 32,33 can be aligned with similar openings 34 (seen best in Fig. 5) in the end disc 17 and the pins 27 can be inserted to extend through the aligned opening. The pins 27 are preferably inserted from the chamber side of the end disc so that the - :
~1~118~
head 27a is received in the opening 32 of the wall 30, as seen best in Figs. 2 and 5. When the pins 27 are in place in the aligned openings, a washer 28 is placed upon the free end of each of the pins 27 and welded as at 35 to the pin 27, as seen in Fig. 5.
The openings 34 in the end discs 17,17' through which the body of the pins 27 extend have a diameter which is only slightly larger than the diameter of the body por-tion of the pin 27, but which is smaller than the head 27a of the pin and the washer 28. As a result, when the pin 27 is in place and the washer 28 is welded thereto the head 27a and washer 28 cooperate to prevent the pin 27 from being removed. If it is desired to remove the cap 26, the weld 35 between the pin 27 and washer 28 can be broken as with a welding torch and the pin 27 knocked out of the aligned openings in the cap 26 and the end disc 17.
As seen in Figs. 2 and 5, an area 36 adjacent the ; periphery or outer edge of the end discs 17,17' is of reduced thickness so that when the protective cap 26 is mounted in place the surface of the wall 30 of the cap 26 is flush with the inner wall of the discs 17,17', thus providing a smooth less likely to wear surface.
In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the openings 32 and 33 are of only slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the head 27a and the washer 28 so that the head 27a and washer 28 when secured in the openings 32 and 33 will not only retain the cap 28 to the disc 17, `, but prevent it from moving or wobbling once in place.
Another embodiment of the replaceable cap 26 which does not have walls with integral skirts is shown in Fig, 4.
This embodiment of the cap can be used on those areas of the end disc in which the inner areas of the disc need not be protected from erosion and wear.
;
:
1 1 3~
It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel method of attaching the replaceable cap in place without welding on either the cap or the sur- -face being protected can be applied with advantage to pro-tect other metal surfaces subject to wear. Therefore, it is intended that such application of the method be covered by the claims which follow.
Claims (8)
1. A protective means for protecting a shredder component from wear which includes:
(a) a cap of hardened wear-resistant material, said cap having a U-shaped channel for receiving the portion of component to be protected, said channel having opposed walls each having at least two pin-receiving openings, the pin receiving openings in each of the walls being aligned with those in the opposed wall;
(b) at least two pins, each having a head at one end, said pins being of weldable material, each of said pins being of sufficient length so when inserted in the pin-receiving opening in one wall it will extend through a pin-receiving opening in the component and into the aligned pin-receiving opening in the other wall; and (c) at least two washers of weldable material each having a pin-receiving opening so that the washers can be placed on the other ends of the pins and welded thereto to retain the replaceable cap in desired position upon the component without the necessity of welding on the cap or the component.
(a) a cap of hardened wear-resistant material, said cap having a U-shaped channel for receiving the portion of component to be protected, said channel having opposed walls each having at least two pin-receiving openings, the pin receiving openings in each of the walls being aligned with those in the opposed wall;
(b) at least two pins, each having a head at one end, said pins being of weldable material, each of said pins being of sufficient length so when inserted in the pin-receiving opening in one wall it will extend through a pin-receiving opening in the component and into the aligned pin-receiving opening in the other wall; and (c) at least two washers of weldable material each having a pin-receiving opening so that the washers can be placed on the other ends of the pins and welded thereto to retain the replaceable cap in desired position upon the component without the necessity of welding on the cap or the component.
2. The protective means of claim 1 in which the opposed walls of the cap have integral skirts.
3. The protective means of claim 1 in which the head of a pin can be received completely within an opening in one wall of the channel of the cap which opening is only slightly larger in diameter than the head.
4. The protective means of claim 1 in which the washer can be received completely within an opening in one wall of the channel of the cap.
5. The method of attaching a protective cap to a shredder component without welding directly upon the cap or the component which comprises:
(a) providing a protective cap having a generally U-shaped channel with opposed walls for receiving a portion of the component desired to be protected, said opposed walls each having at least two openings extending therethrough with respective openings in opposed walls being aligned;
(b) providing the component with at least two openings which are aligned with the openings in the channel walls when the cap is in place;
(c) positioning the cap upon the component with the openings aligned;
(d) inserting pins through at least two of the aligned openings, said pins having a head at one end which is larger in diameter than the openings in the component and being of sufficient length so that the pin extends through the aligned opening in the first wall of the cap, the open-ing in the component and into the opening in the second wall of the cap; and (e) then positioning at least two washers each having an outer diameter greater than the openings in the component about a portion of the other end of the pin and welding it thereto so that the pin and washer combinations cannot be removed from the aligned openings and will retain the cap in position on the component.
(a) providing a protective cap having a generally U-shaped channel with opposed walls for receiving a portion of the component desired to be protected, said opposed walls each having at least two openings extending therethrough with respective openings in opposed walls being aligned;
(b) providing the component with at least two openings which are aligned with the openings in the channel walls when the cap is in place;
(c) positioning the cap upon the component with the openings aligned;
(d) inserting pins through at least two of the aligned openings, said pins having a head at one end which is larger in diameter than the openings in the component and being of sufficient length so that the pin extends through the aligned opening in the first wall of the cap, the open-ing in the component and into the opening in the second wall of the cap; and (e) then positioning at least two washers each having an outer diameter greater than the openings in the component about a portion of the other end of the pin and welding it thereto so that the pin and washer combinations cannot be removed from the aligned openings and will retain the cap in position on the component.
6. The method of claim 5 in which the openings in the opposed walls of the channel of the cap are slightly larger than the outside diameter of the washer and head of the pin.
7. The method of claim 5 in which the component is the end disc of a rotary hammer assembly of a shredder.
8. The method of claim 5 in which at least one of the walls of the channel of the cap is provided with an integral protective skirt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA348,035A CA1131188A (en) | 1980-03-20 | 1980-03-20 | Replaceable protective means for shredder components |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA348,035A CA1131188A (en) | 1980-03-20 | 1980-03-20 | Replaceable protective means for shredder components |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1131188A true CA1131188A (en) | 1982-09-07 |
Family
ID=4116509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA348,035A Expired CA1131188A (en) | 1980-03-20 | 1980-03-20 | Replaceable protective means for shredder components |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1131188A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-03-20 CA CA348,035A patent/CA1131188A/en not_active Expired
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |