CA1130343A - Wheel assembly - Google Patents
Wheel assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1130343A CA1130343A CA351,977A CA351977A CA1130343A CA 1130343 A CA1130343 A CA 1130343A CA 351977 A CA351977 A CA 351977A CA 1130343 A CA1130343 A CA 1130343A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- brake disc
- assembly
- wheel
- carrier means
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
IMPROVED WHEEL ASSEMBLY
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Several embodiments of a wheel assembly for use with large, off-highway vehicles, comprising a drive motor mounted on the wheel hub, and brake calipers cooperating with an annular brake disc supported by a disc carrier which is "outboard" or disposed radially outwardly of the brake calipers, for providing greater heat dissipation and greater braking forces upon the application of braking pressure. In one embodiment, the brake disc is secured to the carrier at its outer periphery by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts. In two other embodiments, the brake disc is mounted for limited relative movement with respect to the carrier to accommodate radial and circumferential thermal expansion and contraction in aggravated situations. In one of these other embodiments, the brake disc is retained against excessive circumferential movement relative to the carrier by a plurality of individual lugs affixed to the carrier. In the last embodiment, such movement is prevented by lugs formed integrally with a ring element secured to the carrier.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Several embodiments of a wheel assembly for use with large, off-highway vehicles, comprising a drive motor mounted on the wheel hub, and brake calipers cooperating with an annular brake disc supported by a disc carrier which is "outboard" or disposed radially outwardly of the brake calipers, for providing greater heat dissipation and greater braking forces upon the application of braking pressure. In one embodiment, the brake disc is secured to the carrier at its outer periphery by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts. In two other embodiments, the brake disc is mounted for limited relative movement with respect to the carrier to accommodate radial and circumferential thermal expansion and contraction in aggravated situations. In one of these other embodiments, the brake disc is retained against excessive circumferential movement relative to the carrier by a plurality of individual lugs affixed to the carrier. In the last embodiment, such movement is prevented by lugs formed integrally with a ring element secured to the carrier.
Description
CXGROUN~ OF THE INVENTICN 11~343 This invention relates to improvements in braking apparatu5 and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to an improved disc brake assemoly for off highway vehicles having very large wheels.
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Extremely large off-highway vehicles are becoming widely used in many industries, such as in the mining industry, the large construcfion industry, and the like. The excessive size and weight of these vehicles has created many problems in the construction and operation thereof for both efficiency and safety purposes. Of course, the wheels of these vehicles are exceptionally large, usually requiring tires in excess of ten feet in diameter. It is frequently advantageous to mount at least the front wheels of the vehicle independently, and it is prefera~le to provide a disc brake system for each wheel, operable independently of one another~ During a braking operation, it has been found that the disc generates a considerable amount of heat, and the metallic material from which the disc is constructed frequently ~seizes~ the elements to which it is secured, or fuses thereto, and as a consequence, it is difficult, if not impossible, to remove the disc for replacement or repair. ~sually, the disc is completely destroyed during remov~l thereof, which is an obvious disadvantage. In order to remedy this difficulty, an annular groove is frequently provided on the op~osite faces of the brake disc in order to dissipate the heat. In actual use, however, it has been 1 =
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~3~343 ~ound that the groove disposed inboard or on the ~ngaging ~ace of ~he disc is less effecti~e for hea~ dissipation than originall~ thought, since it is covered ~y the braking surface of the stationary brake elements, and the outboard groove is so far removed ~rom the heating area that effective heat dissipation is difficult. In addition, the driving wheels of these large vehicles are frequently powered b~ a ; wheel motor disposed within a wheel rim and the brake disc is often operably connected with the armature of the motor. Because the armature is connected to the wheel through a gear train, the brake 1~ disc is caused to rotate at a relatively high rate of speed, or a high ~EM. Thus, oonsiderable braking effort is necessary for an efficient braking operation, and the truck m~y be vulnerable to a brake failure due to a gear train failure.
Furthermore, during ~evere conditions of usage, disc-brakes 1~ can get extrem~ly hot, after which they subsequently cool betweenuses. In aggravated situations, this activity results in substantial expansion and c~ntraction, and if the disc is rigidly attached at its outer periphery-by bolting or such, this expansion and contraction can result in broken or warped parts.
SUMMA~Y OF THE INvENrIoN
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The present invention relates to a novel disc brake and wheel assem~ly particularly designed and constructed for overcoming the foregoing disadvantages in the braking systems of off-high~ay vehicles, ~o improve overall braking effiency, and ~o eliminate problems o broken or warp~d parts d~æ to expansion and c~ntraction of the brake disc~ Each embcdiment illustrated herein generally comprises an annular brake disc nenb~ mounted on carrier A ~2 -1~3~3~3 means secur~d to a rotatahle ~heel hub disposed outboaxd, i.e. J
radially outwardly, of stationary brake calipers an~ cooperating therewith to provide braking action for the vehicle. Since the brake disc is disposed radially outwardly of the brake calipers and axially outwardly of the stationary wheel hub, there is considerably greater heat dissipation. In addition, the brake disc is carried by the vehicle wheel and ro-tatable simultaneously therewith. Thus, the ~rake disc rotates at a relatively low RPM
or at least at a lower rotational speed than that in a conventional armature-type disc brake mounting arrangement, the lower rotational speed of the disc greatly increasing the br~king efficiency. Furthermore, the radially outward posltion of the brake disc provides more operable space for the brake disc, which results in a greater braking area and also increases the braXing effiency. All the emhodiments of the novel braking apparatus ~- disclosed herewith are simple and efficient in operation and ; economical and durable in construction.
In two of the illustra-ted embodiments of the present invention, expansion and contraction o~ the brake disc is greatly alleviated by having the disc supported for limited radial and circumferential movement, so as to reduce the chance of warping or breakage of either the disc or other parts in severe usage situations.
In accordance with the present invention, therefore, there is provided an improved wheel assembly for larye, off-highway vehicles or the like comprising a wheel having a csm/~
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central non-rotatable housing section and a radially outer rotatable wheel section including a rotatable outer hub and a wheel rim. The wheel assembly comprises drive means mounted on the central housing for transmitting driving forces to the outer wheel section. Brake caliper means are mounted on the central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of th~ outer wheel section, the caliper means opening radially outwardly from the axis of rotation. The assembly further includes carrier means mounted on the outer hub section between the central housing section and the wheel rim. An annular brake disc is supported by the carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of the brake caliper means~ The brake caliper means are positioned to contact the brake disc proximate the maximum radius thereof~
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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Figure 1 is a right front perspective view of an off-highway vehicle of the type with which a braking apparatus embodying the invention may be utilized;
~, Figure 2 is a left rear perspective view of the vehi-le shown i4 Fl~ure ... .
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.: ~. :, 3L~3V343 Figure 3 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of a brake apparatus emkoæying the invention;
Figure 4 is a view looking ~rom line 4-4 of Figure 3, with a portion cut away for purposes of illustration;
Figure 5 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of an alternative e~bodiment of the present invention;
Pigure 6 is a side elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figure 5 with parts removed;
Figure 6a is a side elevational view of the brake disc of Figure 6 removed from the assembly of Figure 6;
Figure 7 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of another alternative embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a side elevational front view of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 7;
Figure 8a is a side elevational view of the disc carrier of Figure 8 removed frcm the ass~mbly;
Figure 8b is a side elevational view of the brake disc of Figure 8 removed from ~he assembly; and Figure 9 is a view loGking from line 9-9 of Figure 6.
DE~AILED DESC~IPTIGN OF 1~3E PREFERRE~) EMI~)DIMENT
_ _ Referring to the drawings in detall, referen oe chararter 10 generally indicates an off-highway vehicle comprising a cab section 12, a dump body 14, a pair of ~ront wheels 16 $ndependently unted on _ q O
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the opposite sides of the cab section 12 in any suitable manner, as is well known, and a pair of rear wheels 18 prPferably journalled on the opposite ends of a co~r,mon axle 19, but not limited thereto. In the particular embodiment depicted herein, each of the rear wheels 18 is driven by a suitable electric motor 28 centrally mounted within the wheel lB, as is well known in this type of vehicle. Ihe front wheels 16 in the embodiment depicted herein, however, are steering wheels and are usually not power-driven wheels~
Each wheel, such as the wheel 18, comprises a tire ~not shown in Figures 1-4) and an annular tire retainer 22 disposed around the outer periphery oi the wheel rim 24, as particularly shown in Figures 5 and 7. Referring to Figure 3, the wheel rim 24 may be of any suitable type, and normally includes an inwardly directed angularly disposed annular shoulder 26 extending around the inner periphery thereof for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth. ~ suitable wheel motor generally indicated at 28 is centrally disposed within the rim 24 and is substantially concentrically arranged with respect thereto, as is well knownO The motor 28 is normally provided with a wheel hub element 30 around the outer periphery thereof engageable with the inner periphery of the wheel rim 24 and rotatable simultaneously therewith. me wheel hub 30 is journalled on or around a non-rotatable central core or housing 32 by suitable bearing means - 34 (a relatively small portion of the housing 32 and bearing means 34 being shown in Figure 3), whereby the hub 30 and rim 24 are freely rotatable with respe~t to the housing 32. ~he housing 32 is preferably secured to ~he rear a~le l9 in any suitable manner (not shown) as is well known~
An adapter ring 36 (Figure 3) is bolted, or otherwise secured to the outer end Df the housing 32 by ~uitable bolts 38 and is .. S
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~L3~3~3 provided with a radially inwardly directed circumferential flange 40 for supporting a plurality of spaced brake calipers 42. As shown in Figure 4, it may be preferable to provide two of the calipers 42, but there is no intention of limiting the number of calipers to the particular number shown herein. me calipers may be secured to the flange 40 in any suitable manner, such as by a plurality of bolts 44, and are provided with a spaced brake element 46 and 48 selectively movable in directions toward and away from each other for the application of and release of braking pressure, as is well known. The calipers 42 are particularly arranged whereby the space between the braking elements 46 and 48 is open at the outer periphery of the calipers 42 for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth.
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The ring 36 is provided with a radialy outwardly extending circumferential flange 50 shown in figure 3. A thrust ring 52 is lS disposed around the outer periphery of the housing 32 and is secured to the flange 50 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 54.
m e adapter ring 36, thrust ring 52 and the calipers 42 are held stationary with the housing 32, whereas the wheel hub 30 is rotatable about the central axis of the motor 28. A bearing cap ring 56 is secured to the outer face of the wheel hub 30 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 58, and is rotatable simultaneously therewith. A suitable dynamic sealing ~ing 60 is interposed between the thrust ring 52 and the bearing ring 56.
An annular brake disc 62 is interposed between the brake elements 46 and 49 and extends radially outwardly thereProm. m e disc 62 is removably secured to a substantially cylindrical brake disc carrier sleeve 64 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 66.
A radially outwardly extending clrcu~ferential flange 69 is rigidly ' .' , " ~ `
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secured to the oFposite end of the ~lee~e 64 and is remcvably secured to the wheel hub 30 by a plurality o~ circumferentially spaced bolts 69 (Figure 4). In addition, a plurality of circumferentially spaced wheel clamps 70 are removably secured to ~he wheel hub 30 and flange 68 by a plurality of bolts 72. The wheel clamps 70 facilitate securing the wheel rim 24 to the motor 28, as is well known, and also facilitate removal of the wheel rim 24 from the motor 28 when required for replacement or repair of the tire 22. A cover or hub cap 74 may be removably secured to the outer periphery of the brake disc 62 in any suitable conventional manner.
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The brakes 45 and 48 may be actuated by any suitable means, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or otherwise, and are operably connected with a suitable control mechanism tnot shown) disposed in the cab section 12 for actuation by the driver of the vehicle 10.
When the brakes 46 and 48 are activated, braking pressure is applied simultaneously to the opposite faces of the brake disc 62 by engagement of the braking elements 46 and 48 in a conventional manner.
m e brake elements 46 and 48 and brake calipers 42 are stationary through the connection with the housing 32, and the brake disc 62 rotates simultaneously with the tire 22 and the wheel rim 24. When the braking elements 46 and 48 are in forced engagement with the brake disc 62, the rotation of the disc 62 will be stopped, ~hich will result in the stopping of the rotation of the wheel rim 24 and tire 20 for pr w iding the braking action for the vehicle 10.
As hereinbefore set forth the brake disc 62 is disposed outboard or radially outwardly of the brake calipers 42 and generally axially outwardly of the wheel hub 30, and is spaced from the wheel rim 24 80 ~hat th2 heat generated by the braking operaticn is readily ::
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' 3a~3 ':' dissipated. In addition, the radially outward disposition of the brake disc 62 permits ~he utilization of the disc 62 having a greater ` braking area, which urther increases the braking efficiency. Also, the speed of rotation of the brake disc 62, rotating at the same speed as wheel 24, is relatively slow, which increases the braking efficiency3 When it is necessary to remove the wheel rim 24 from the motor :
28 for any reason, the wheel clamping elements 70 may be disconnected from the tor 28 and the rim 24 may be easily removed for tire repair or replacement. The procedure may be reversed for replacing the wheel rim 24 in operable position on the motor 28.
For severe applications, brake disc 62 may alternatively be ' mounted in a less confined manner, as shown in Figures 5 through 9, to permit circumferential and radial expansion or contraction without possible attendant warping or breakage of either the disc 62 itself or ~ other parts. Referring to Figures S, 8 and 9, one embodiment of such -1 a disc brake 100 is shown~ An annular wheel carrier sleeve 110 and clamps 117 are added to the construction of Figure 3 to replace the wheel clamps 70 and the carrier sleeve 64 of that embodiment and the wheel rim 24 is reversed to accommodate the carrier sleeve 110. The carrier sleeve 110 is attached to the wheel hub 30 by a plurality of bolts 116, and the clamps 117 are mounted at circumferentially spaced locations on studs 118 and secured hy nuts 119 (Figure 9) to operably clamp together the wheel rim, carrier sleeve and wheel hub.
m e brake disc, illustrated at 162, is retained in part by a . , .
~ radially inwardly extending support flange 11~ on the carrier sleeve :
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~ - , ~L3~343 lla. As shown in Figures 5 and 6a, the brake disc 162 has a plurality of recesses 164 about the periphery thereof, and the carrier sleeve 110 has a plurality of lugs 114 welded thereto ~Figure 9) at interruptions in the flange 112 tnot shown) coincident with the recesses 164, so that the lugs 114 are disposed within the recesses 164. The lugs 114 transmit braking forces between the brake disc and the wheel.
Brake disc 162 is 1 osely retained in position by a plurality of generally U-shaped disc holding elements having central portions 1~ overlying the disc 162. Disc hold elements 120 may be disposed at locations coincident with the recesses 164 of the disc 162, as shown, or may be positioned elsewhere about the periphery of the disc. The disc holding elements 120 are secured to the carrier sleeve 110 and the wheel hub 30 by bolts 116 passing through the holes in the ends thereofO Spacers 122 are disposed between the disc holding elements 120 and the carrier sleeve 110 so that the disc 162 will Dot be tightly clamped.
A hub cap sleeve 75 is also illustrated in Figures S and 6, attached to the disc 162 at tab flanges 76 by bolts 770 The hubcap 74 may be press fit on to the sleeve as shown in Figure 50 Another e~bodiment of the present invention that can permit limited thermal expansion and contraction is the disc brake 200 shown in Figures 7 and 80 A modified annular carrier sleeve 210 is attached to the wheel hùb 30 at a plurality of circumferentially spaced locations by bolts 2120 The carrier 61eeve 210 interfaces with the ~1heel rim 24 by clamping means 214, comprising a series of studs 216 mounted directly to the carrler sleeve 210 at a plurality of , .: . . . : - . ~ - . .
j 3~3 circumferentially spaced locations. A plurality of wheel clamps 218 having an arcuate cross-section (Figure 7) are disposed across adjacent pairs of ~olts 216 ~Figure 8~ and are secured by nuts 220.
The clamps 218 secure the wheel rim 24 to the wheel hub 30. ~he carrier sleeve 210 has a radially inwardly extending support flange 222 having tapped holes 224 at circumferentially spaced locations. A
retaining ring 226 ~Figure 8a) is attached to the flange 222 of carrier sleeve 210 by a plurality of bolts 232 disposed in holes 224, and has a plurality of internally ~ormed radially inwardly directed lugs 228, each having two holes 230 therethrough.
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The brake disc 262, illustrated in Figure 8b, has a plurality of recesses 264 in the periphery ~hereof corresponding in number to the number of lugs 228 on the retaining ring 2260 The disc 262 is positioned in the same plane as the ring 226, with lug5 228 disposed in recesses 264. Ihe ring and lugs have substantially the same axial thickness as the disc. A pair of disc holding elements 240, illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, are pDsitioned on opposite sides of each lug 228 and are mounted thereto by bolts 241 passing through holes 230, and nuts 242, m e disc holding elements 240 overlie each
.
Extremely large off-highway vehicles are becoming widely used in many industries, such as in the mining industry, the large construcfion industry, and the like. The excessive size and weight of these vehicles has created many problems in the construction and operation thereof for both efficiency and safety purposes. Of course, the wheels of these vehicles are exceptionally large, usually requiring tires in excess of ten feet in diameter. It is frequently advantageous to mount at least the front wheels of the vehicle independently, and it is prefera~le to provide a disc brake system for each wheel, operable independently of one another~ During a braking operation, it has been found that the disc generates a considerable amount of heat, and the metallic material from which the disc is constructed frequently ~seizes~ the elements to which it is secured, or fuses thereto, and as a consequence, it is difficult, if not impossible, to remove the disc for replacement or repair. ~sually, the disc is completely destroyed during remov~l thereof, which is an obvious disadvantage. In order to remedy this difficulty, an annular groove is frequently provided on the op~osite faces of the brake disc in order to dissipate the heat. In actual use, however, it has been 1 =
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1''' . .
.
.
.
.
~3~343 ~ound that the groove disposed inboard or on the ~ngaging ~ace of ~he disc is less effecti~e for hea~ dissipation than originall~ thought, since it is covered ~y the braking surface of the stationary brake elements, and the outboard groove is so far removed ~rom the heating area that effective heat dissipation is difficult. In addition, the driving wheels of these large vehicles are frequently powered b~ a ; wheel motor disposed within a wheel rim and the brake disc is often operably connected with the armature of the motor. Because the armature is connected to the wheel through a gear train, the brake 1~ disc is caused to rotate at a relatively high rate of speed, or a high ~EM. Thus, oonsiderable braking effort is necessary for an efficient braking operation, and the truck m~y be vulnerable to a brake failure due to a gear train failure.
Furthermore, during ~evere conditions of usage, disc-brakes 1~ can get extrem~ly hot, after which they subsequently cool betweenuses. In aggravated situations, this activity results in substantial expansion and c~ntraction, and if the disc is rigidly attached at its outer periphery-by bolting or such, this expansion and contraction can result in broken or warped parts.
SUMMA~Y OF THE INvENrIoN
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The present invention relates to a novel disc brake and wheel assem~ly particularly designed and constructed for overcoming the foregoing disadvantages in the braking systems of off-high~ay vehicles, ~o improve overall braking effiency, and ~o eliminate problems o broken or warp~d parts d~æ to expansion and c~ntraction of the brake disc~ Each embcdiment illustrated herein generally comprises an annular brake disc nenb~ mounted on carrier A ~2 -1~3~3~3 means secur~d to a rotatahle ~heel hub disposed outboaxd, i.e. J
radially outwardly, of stationary brake calipers an~ cooperating therewith to provide braking action for the vehicle. Since the brake disc is disposed radially outwardly of the brake calipers and axially outwardly of the stationary wheel hub, there is considerably greater heat dissipation. In addition, the brake disc is carried by the vehicle wheel and ro-tatable simultaneously therewith. Thus, the ~rake disc rotates at a relatively low RPM
or at least at a lower rotational speed than that in a conventional armature-type disc brake mounting arrangement, the lower rotational speed of the disc greatly increasing the br~king efficiency. Furthermore, the radially outward posltion of the brake disc provides more operable space for the brake disc, which results in a greater braking area and also increases the braXing effiency. All the emhodiments of the novel braking apparatus ~- disclosed herewith are simple and efficient in operation and ; economical and durable in construction.
In two of the illustra-ted embodiments of the present invention, expansion and contraction o~ the brake disc is greatly alleviated by having the disc supported for limited radial and circumferential movement, so as to reduce the chance of warping or breakage of either the disc or other parts in severe usage situations.
In accordance with the present invention, therefore, there is provided an improved wheel assembly for larye, off-highway vehicles or the like comprising a wheel having a csm/~
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central non-rotatable housing section and a radially outer rotatable wheel section including a rotatable outer hub and a wheel rim. The wheel assembly comprises drive means mounted on the central housing for transmitting driving forces to the outer wheel section. Brake caliper means are mounted on the central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of th~ outer wheel section, the caliper means opening radially outwardly from the axis of rotation. The assembly further includes carrier means mounted on the outer hub section between the central housing section and the wheel rim. An annular brake disc is supported by the carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of the brake caliper means~ The brake caliper means are positioned to contact the brake disc proximate the maximum radius thereof~
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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Figure 1 is a right front perspective view of an off-highway vehicle of the type with which a braking apparatus embodying the invention may be utilized;
~, Figure 2 is a left rear perspective view of the vehi-le shown i4 Fl~ure ... .
A - 3a -~ I csm/~J~
:
, . . : -:: . .
.: ~. :, 3L~3V343 Figure 3 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of a brake apparatus emkoæying the invention;
Figure 4 is a view looking ~rom line 4-4 of Figure 3, with a portion cut away for purposes of illustration;
Figure 5 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of an alternative e~bodiment of the present invention;
Pigure 6 is a side elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figure 5 with parts removed;
Figure 6a is a side elevational view of the brake disc of Figure 6 removed from the assembly of Figure 6;
Figure 7 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of another alternative embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a side elevational front view of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 7;
Figure 8a is a side elevational view of the disc carrier of Figure 8 removed frcm the ass~mbly;
Figure 8b is a side elevational view of the brake disc of Figure 8 removed from ~he assembly; and Figure 9 is a view loGking from line 9-9 of Figure 6.
DE~AILED DESC~IPTIGN OF 1~3E PREFERRE~) EMI~)DIMENT
_ _ Referring to the drawings in detall, referen oe chararter 10 generally indicates an off-highway vehicle comprising a cab section 12, a dump body 14, a pair of ~ront wheels 16 $ndependently unted on _ q O
' '" ' '~ ' ~
.3V343 .
the opposite sides of the cab section 12 in any suitable manner, as is well known, and a pair of rear wheels 18 prPferably journalled on the opposite ends of a co~r,mon axle 19, but not limited thereto. In the particular embodiment depicted herein, each of the rear wheels 18 is driven by a suitable electric motor 28 centrally mounted within the wheel lB, as is well known in this type of vehicle. Ihe front wheels 16 in the embodiment depicted herein, however, are steering wheels and are usually not power-driven wheels~
Each wheel, such as the wheel 18, comprises a tire ~not shown in Figures 1-4) and an annular tire retainer 22 disposed around the outer periphery oi the wheel rim 24, as particularly shown in Figures 5 and 7. Referring to Figure 3, the wheel rim 24 may be of any suitable type, and normally includes an inwardly directed angularly disposed annular shoulder 26 extending around the inner periphery thereof for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth. ~ suitable wheel motor generally indicated at 28 is centrally disposed within the rim 24 and is substantially concentrically arranged with respect thereto, as is well knownO The motor 28 is normally provided with a wheel hub element 30 around the outer periphery thereof engageable with the inner periphery of the wheel rim 24 and rotatable simultaneously therewith. me wheel hub 30 is journalled on or around a non-rotatable central core or housing 32 by suitable bearing means - 34 (a relatively small portion of the housing 32 and bearing means 34 being shown in Figure 3), whereby the hub 30 and rim 24 are freely rotatable with respe~t to the housing 32. ~he housing 32 is preferably secured to ~he rear a~le l9 in any suitable manner (not shown) as is well known~
An adapter ring 36 (Figure 3) is bolted, or otherwise secured to the outer end Df the housing 32 by ~uitable bolts 38 and is .. S
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,: :. :
~L3~3~3 provided with a radially inwardly directed circumferential flange 40 for supporting a plurality of spaced brake calipers 42. As shown in Figure 4, it may be preferable to provide two of the calipers 42, but there is no intention of limiting the number of calipers to the particular number shown herein. me calipers may be secured to the flange 40 in any suitable manner, such as by a plurality of bolts 44, and are provided with a spaced brake element 46 and 48 selectively movable in directions toward and away from each other for the application of and release of braking pressure, as is well known. The calipers 42 are particularly arranged whereby the space between the braking elements 46 and 48 is open at the outer periphery of the calipers 42 for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth.
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The ring 36 is provided with a radialy outwardly extending circumferential flange 50 shown in figure 3. A thrust ring 52 is lS disposed around the outer periphery of the housing 32 and is secured to the flange 50 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 54.
m e adapter ring 36, thrust ring 52 and the calipers 42 are held stationary with the housing 32, whereas the wheel hub 30 is rotatable about the central axis of the motor 28. A bearing cap ring 56 is secured to the outer face of the wheel hub 30 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 58, and is rotatable simultaneously therewith. A suitable dynamic sealing ~ing 60 is interposed between the thrust ring 52 and the bearing ring 56.
An annular brake disc 62 is interposed between the brake elements 46 and 49 and extends radially outwardly thereProm. m e disc 62 is removably secured to a substantially cylindrical brake disc carrier sleeve 64 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced bolts 66.
A radially outwardly extending clrcu~ferential flange 69 is rigidly ' .' , " ~ `
~ ~.3 :~ .
secured to the oFposite end of the ~lee~e 64 and is remcvably secured to the wheel hub 30 by a plurality o~ circumferentially spaced bolts 69 (Figure 4). In addition, a plurality of circumferentially spaced wheel clamps 70 are removably secured to ~he wheel hub 30 and flange 68 by a plurality of bolts 72. The wheel clamps 70 facilitate securing the wheel rim 24 to the motor 28, as is well known, and also facilitate removal of the wheel rim 24 from the motor 28 when required for replacement or repair of the tire 22. A cover or hub cap 74 may be removably secured to the outer periphery of the brake disc 62 in any suitable conventional manner.
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The brakes 45 and 48 may be actuated by any suitable means, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or otherwise, and are operably connected with a suitable control mechanism tnot shown) disposed in the cab section 12 for actuation by the driver of the vehicle 10.
When the brakes 46 and 48 are activated, braking pressure is applied simultaneously to the opposite faces of the brake disc 62 by engagement of the braking elements 46 and 48 in a conventional manner.
m e brake elements 46 and 48 and brake calipers 42 are stationary through the connection with the housing 32, and the brake disc 62 rotates simultaneously with the tire 22 and the wheel rim 24. When the braking elements 46 and 48 are in forced engagement with the brake disc 62, the rotation of the disc 62 will be stopped, ~hich will result in the stopping of the rotation of the wheel rim 24 and tire 20 for pr w iding the braking action for the vehicle 10.
As hereinbefore set forth the brake disc 62 is disposed outboard or radially outwardly of the brake calipers 42 and generally axially outwardly of the wheel hub 30, and is spaced from the wheel rim 24 80 ~hat th2 heat generated by the braking operaticn is readily ::
~: :
' 3a~3 ':' dissipated. In addition, the radially outward disposition of the brake disc 62 permits ~he utilization of the disc 62 having a greater ` braking area, which urther increases the braking efficiency. Also, the speed of rotation of the brake disc 62, rotating at the same speed as wheel 24, is relatively slow, which increases the braking efficiency3 When it is necessary to remove the wheel rim 24 from the motor :
28 for any reason, the wheel clamping elements 70 may be disconnected from the tor 28 and the rim 24 may be easily removed for tire repair or replacement. The procedure may be reversed for replacing the wheel rim 24 in operable position on the motor 28.
For severe applications, brake disc 62 may alternatively be ' mounted in a less confined manner, as shown in Figures 5 through 9, to permit circumferential and radial expansion or contraction without possible attendant warping or breakage of either the disc 62 itself or ~ other parts. Referring to Figures S, 8 and 9, one embodiment of such -1 a disc brake 100 is shown~ An annular wheel carrier sleeve 110 and clamps 117 are added to the construction of Figure 3 to replace the wheel clamps 70 and the carrier sleeve 64 of that embodiment and the wheel rim 24 is reversed to accommodate the carrier sleeve 110. The carrier sleeve 110 is attached to the wheel hub 30 by a plurality of bolts 116, and the clamps 117 are mounted at circumferentially spaced locations on studs 118 and secured hy nuts 119 (Figure 9) to operably clamp together the wheel rim, carrier sleeve and wheel hub.
m e brake disc, illustrated at 162, is retained in part by a . , .
~ radially inwardly extending support flange 11~ on the carrier sleeve :
:
, :, ~ 8 -. . ~ . ., :, ' ' ,' " :: :
~ - , ~L3~343 lla. As shown in Figures 5 and 6a, the brake disc 162 has a plurality of recesses 164 about the periphery thereof, and the carrier sleeve 110 has a plurality of lugs 114 welded thereto ~Figure 9) at interruptions in the flange 112 tnot shown) coincident with the recesses 164, so that the lugs 114 are disposed within the recesses 164. The lugs 114 transmit braking forces between the brake disc and the wheel.
Brake disc 162 is 1 osely retained in position by a plurality of generally U-shaped disc holding elements having central portions 1~ overlying the disc 162. Disc hold elements 120 may be disposed at locations coincident with the recesses 164 of the disc 162, as shown, or may be positioned elsewhere about the periphery of the disc. The disc holding elements 120 are secured to the carrier sleeve 110 and the wheel hub 30 by bolts 116 passing through the holes in the ends thereofO Spacers 122 are disposed between the disc holding elements 120 and the carrier sleeve 110 so that the disc 162 will Dot be tightly clamped.
A hub cap sleeve 75 is also illustrated in Figures S and 6, attached to the disc 162 at tab flanges 76 by bolts 770 The hubcap 74 may be press fit on to the sleeve as shown in Figure 50 Another e~bodiment of the present invention that can permit limited thermal expansion and contraction is the disc brake 200 shown in Figures 7 and 80 A modified annular carrier sleeve 210 is attached to the wheel hùb 30 at a plurality of circumferentially spaced locations by bolts 2120 The carrier 61eeve 210 interfaces with the ~1heel rim 24 by clamping means 214, comprising a series of studs 216 mounted directly to the carrler sleeve 210 at a plurality of , .: . . . : - . ~ - . .
j 3~3 circumferentially spaced locations. A plurality of wheel clamps 218 having an arcuate cross-section (Figure 7) are disposed across adjacent pairs of ~olts 216 ~Figure 8~ and are secured by nuts 220.
The clamps 218 secure the wheel rim 24 to the wheel hub 30. ~he carrier sleeve 210 has a radially inwardly extending support flange 222 having tapped holes 224 at circumferentially spaced locations. A
retaining ring 226 ~Figure 8a) is attached to the flange 222 of carrier sleeve 210 by a plurality of bolts 232 disposed in holes 224, and has a plurality of internally ~ormed radially inwardly directed lugs 228, each having two holes 230 therethrough.
;
The brake disc 262, illustrated in Figure 8b, has a plurality of recesses 264 in the periphery ~hereof corresponding in number to the number of lugs 228 on the retaining ring 2260 The disc 262 is positioned in the same plane as the ring 226, with lug5 228 disposed in recesses 264. Ihe ring and lugs have substantially the same axial thickness as the disc. A pair of disc holding elements 240, illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, are pDsitioned on opposite sides of each lug 228 and are mounted thereto by bolts 241 passing through holes 230, and nuts 242, m e disc holding elements 240 overlie each
2~ lug 228 to prevent undesirable relative axial movement between the brake disc and retainining ringO
Clearance exists between each lug 228 and the corresponding recess 264 to permit ther~al expansion and contraction of the disc 262. As in the preYious embodiment, the lugs and recesses trancmit braking forces between the brake disc and the wheel ri~.
"
,,,, . _ ., ... ~
.- ~
, .: , . :
` ~L3~33~;3 . . .
~` lhe particular sTbodiments OI' the invention depicted may be utilized in combination with either a single wheel or dual wheel arrangement, although only a single wheel has b~en illustrated herein.
Whereas the present invention has been described in particular relation to the dr~wings attached hereto, it should be understood that other and further modifications, apart from those shown or suggested herein, may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.
, ' ' ~
., I ....... ... .
~ ~ , .:, : :
~ ' : :
Clearance exists between each lug 228 and the corresponding recess 264 to permit ther~al expansion and contraction of the disc 262. As in the preYious embodiment, the lugs and recesses trancmit braking forces between the brake disc and the wheel ri~.
"
,,,, . _ ., ... ~
.- ~
, .: , . :
` ~L3~33~;3 . . .
~` lhe particular sTbodiments OI' the invention depicted may be utilized in combination with either a single wheel or dual wheel arrangement, although only a single wheel has b~en illustrated herein.
Whereas the present invention has been described in particular relation to the dr~wings attached hereto, it should be understood that other and further modifications, apart from those shown or suggested herein, may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.
, ' ' ~
., I ....... ... .
~ ~ , .:, : :
~ ' : :
Claims (19)
1. An improved wheel assembly for large, off-highway vehicles or the like comprising a wheel having a central non-rotatable housing section and a radially outer rotatable wheel section including a rotatable outer hub and a wheel rim, said assembly comprising:
drive means mounted on said central housing for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim; and an annular brake disc supported by said carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means, said brake caliper means being positioned to contact said brake disc proximate the maximum radius thereof.
drive means mounted on said central housing for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim; and an annular brake disc supported by said carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means, said brake caliper means being positioned to contact said brake disc proximate the maximum radius thereof.
2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said drive means comprises electric motor means mounted on said central housing section and drivingly connected to said outer wheel section to rotationally drive the latter.
3. The assembly of claim 2, wherein said brake disc is disposed radially between said motor means and said wheel rim.
4. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said carrier means is spaced radially inwardly from said wheel rim.
5. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said brake disc is disposed radially inwardly of said carrier means.
6. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said brake disc is mounted on said carrier means at the axially outer edge of said carrier means.
7. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said brake disc is bolted to said carrier means.
8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said brake disc is mounted for limited movement with respect to said carrier means to permit thermal expansion and contraction of the respective parts.
9. The assembly of claim 8, further comprising means to mount said brake disc to said carrier means for limited relative radial movement of said brake disc with respect to said carrier means.
10. The assembly of claim 9, wherein said brake disc has at least one recess in the peripheral edge thereof and said mounting means comprises a lug mounted on said carrier means and disposed in said recess.
11. The assembly of claim 10, wherein said mounting means includes an annular ring having said lug formed integrally therewith.
12. The assembly of claim 11, wherein said mounting means further comprises a pair of holding elements fixed to said ring on opposite sides of aid brake disc, said holding elements overlapping said brake disc to prevent undesirable axial movement of the latter with respect to said carrier means.
13. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the axial thickness of said lug is not less than the axial thickness of said disc.
14. The assembly of claim 10, wherein a plurality of separate lugs are individually affixed to said carrier means and said brake disc is provided with a plurality of recesses in which said lugs are disposed.
15. The assembly of claim 14, further comprising an integral flange on said carrier means for preventing axial movement of said brake disc in one direction with respect to said carrier means and holding means affixed to said carrier means for preventing undesirable relative axial movement of said disc in the opposite direction.
16. The assembly of claim 8, wherein one of said carrier means or brake disc has a recess therein and the other has a lug projecting therefrom and disposed in said recess.
17. The assembly of claim 16, further comprising holding means affixed to one of said brake disc or carrier means and overlapping the other, to limit relative axial movement of said brake disc with respect to said carrier means.
18. An improved wheel assembly for large, off-highway vehicles or the like comprising a wheel having a central non-rotatable housing section and a radially outer rotatable wheel section including a rotatable outer hub and a wheel rim, said assembly comprising:
drive means mounted on said central housing section for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposd radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim;
an annular brake disc supported by said carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means, said brake disc having a recess in the outer periphery thereof;
and mounting means for mounting said brake disc to said carrier means for limited relative circumferential movement therebetween, including an annular ring having at least one lug formed integrally therewith and disposed within said recess in said brake disc.
drive means mounted on said central housing section for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposd radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim;
an annular brake disc supported by said carrier means and operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means, said brake disc having a recess in the outer periphery thereof;
and mounting means for mounting said brake disc to said carrier means for limited relative circumferential movement therebetween, including an annular ring having at least one lug formed integrally therewith and disposed within said recess in said brake disc.
19. An improved wheel assembly for large, off-highway vehicles or the like comprising a wheel having a central non-rotatable housing section and radially outer rotatable wheel section including a rotatable outer hub and a wheel rim, said assembly comprising:
drive means mounted on said central housing section for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim and including a radially inwardly extending support flange;
an annular brake disc operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means and supported by said carrier means, said support flange limiting axial movement of said disc in one direction with respect to said carrier means, said brake disc having recesses at the outer periphery thereof;
holding means affixed to said carrier means for limiting relative axial movement of said disc in the opposite direction; and at least one lug affixed to said carrier means and disposed in a corresponding recess of said disc, whereby said brake disc is mounted for limited movement with respect to said carrier means to permit thermal expansion and contraction of the respective parts.
drive means mounted on said central housing section for transmitting driving forces to said outer wheel section;
brake caliper means mounted on said central housing section and disposed radially outwardly from the axis of rotation of said outer wheel section, said caliper means opening radially outwardly from said axis of rotation;
carrier means mounted on said outer hub section between said central housing section and said wheel rim and including a radially inwardly extending support flange;
an annular brake disc operably disposed within and radially outwardly of said brake caliper means and supported by said carrier means, said support flange limiting axial movement of said disc in one direction with respect to said carrier means, said brake disc having recesses at the outer periphery thereof;
holding means affixed to said carrier means for limiting relative axial movement of said disc in the opposite direction; and at least one lug affixed to said carrier means and disposed in a corresponding recess of said disc, whereby said brake disc is mounted for limited movement with respect to said carrier means to permit thermal expansion and contraction of the respective parts.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/040,419 US4282952A (en) | 1977-10-31 | 1979-05-18 | Wheel assembly |
| US040,419 | 1987-04-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1130343A true CA1130343A (en) | 1982-08-24 |
Family
ID=21910882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA351,977A Expired CA1130343A (en) | 1979-05-18 | 1980-05-15 | Wheel assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1130343A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019002916A1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Freni Brembo S.P.A. | Method for actuating a parking brake system and parking brake system |
-
1980
- 1980-05-15 CA CA351,977A patent/CA1130343A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019002916A1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Freni Brembo S.P.A. | Method for actuating a parking brake system and parking brake system |
| CN110809541A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-02-18 | 福乐尼·乐姆宝公开有限公司 | Method for actuating a parking brake system and parking brake system |
| US11518352B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2022-12-06 | Freni Brembo S.P.A. | Method for actuating a parking brake system and parking brake system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |