CA1129618A - Thermal insulating system - Google Patents
Thermal insulating systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1129618A CA1129618A CA370,871A CA370871A CA1129618A CA 1129618 A CA1129618 A CA 1129618A CA 370871 A CA370871 A CA 370871A CA 1129618 A CA1129618 A CA 1129618A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- centimeters
- sheets
- tongue
- groove
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/062—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces characterised by the geometry of the seat
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
THERMAL INSULATING SYSTEM
Abstract of the Disclosure A thermal insulating system comprising a matrix of rectangular thermal insulating sheets of a tough, hard foamed plastic having a density of 5 grams per liter to 100 grams per liter, a th ickness of 2 centimeters to 31 centimeters, a width of 40 centimeters to 200 centimeters and a length of 40 centimeters to 1000 centimeters, said sheets having tongue and groove profiles at the four side surfaces, said tongue and groove, in each case, being opposite each other, and wherein at least one of the grooves contains a flexible foam strip.
Abstract of the Disclosure A thermal insulating system comprising a matrix of rectangular thermal insulating sheets of a tough, hard foamed plastic having a density of 5 grams per liter to 100 grams per liter, a th ickness of 2 centimeters to 31 centimeters, a width of 40 centimeters to 200 centimeters and a length of 40 centimeters to 1000 centimeters, said sheets having tongue and groove profiles at the four side surfaces, said tongue and groove, in each case, being opposite each other, and wherein at least one of the grooves contains a flexible foam strip.
Description
11'~961~
THERMAL INSULATING SYSTEM
Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Invent_on The invention relates to a thermal insulating system of foamed plastic sheets having tongue and groove profiles on the narrow sides with a flexible foam strip being inserted in at least one of the grooves.
THERMAL INSULATING SYSTEM
Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Invent_on The invention relates to a thermal insulating system of foamed plastic sheets having tongue and groove profiles on the narrow sides with a flexible foam strip being inserted in at least one of the grooves.
2. Descri~tion of the ~rior Art Tough, hard foamed plastics, for instance based upon polystyrene foam, are used on a large scale for insulating buildings and building elements, primarily roofs, against thermal influences. They naturally are relatively rigid. As a result of this high mechanical rigidity, the installation of sheets of tough, hard rigid foams as thermal insulation between roof rafters, fc)r instance, is much more difficult and time consuming than t:he installation of flexible ~lastic fiber insulating Materials. Since the distance between the rafters within one area, and even from area to area, is not uniform due to inaccurate installation and warping of the rafters, every individual sheet must be cut. By shrinkage or thermal contraction of the rigid foam sheets, by changes in the form of the support construction, thermal bridges or cracks may develop in the roof insulating sheets.
A purpose of this invention was to reduce the rigidity of sheets of tough, hard foamed plastic in at least one direction parallel to the main plane, without, however, 11~961~
impairing the other properties, particularly the thermal insulation, the dimensional stability of the sheets in the installed state and the rigidity (resistance to compression) perpendicular to the main plane of the sheets.
In sloped roofs, the distances of the rafters vary within wide ranges between approximtely 35 and 75 centi-meters. ~hen installing the above-mentioned thermal insulating sheets for the purpose of roof insulation, several sheet widths must therefore be available. However, since it is irnpossible to make available an infinite variety of sheet widths, the sheets must be cut to correspond with the actual distance between rafters such as under actual installation conditions. This results in material losses by the installer and necessitates disposal of the waste pieces. The sheet manufacturer is forced to produce several sheet types with various widths and for the dealer, this results in costly warehousing. All of this, of course, is reflected in the costs.
Another purpose of this invention was therefore the development of a thermal insulating system with which the foam sheets can be installed without considerable material losses independent of the distance between the rafters.
Summary of the Invention This invention relates to a thermal insulating system of a multitude of rectangular thermal insulating sheets of a tough, hard foamed plastic having a density of S
1~2~)1g grams per liter to 100 grams per liter, preferably 10 grams per liter to 50 grams per liter. These sheets are equipped with tongue and groove profiles on all four narrow sides, the tongue and groove in each case, are opposite each other and with a strip of a flexible elastic foam being inserted in at least one groove of the sheets. The thickness of the foam sheets is between 2 centimeters and 31 centimeters, preferably between 5 centimeters and 15 centimeters and particularly between 8 and 12 centimeters. The sheets are 40 centimeters to 200 centimeters wide, preferably 5 centimeters to 80 centimeters, and their length is 40 centimeters to lO00 centimeters, preferably 50 centimeters to 125 centimeters.
The depth of the groove aclvantageously is greater than the length of the tongue and the total of the length of the tongue and the thickness of the flexible foam strip is appropriately greater than the depth of the groove.
Descriptlon of the Preferred Embodiments The drawings show schematics of a particular preferred version of the thermal insulating panel according to this invention as well as two installation principles.
Now, referring more particularly to the drawings, Figures la through d show the side view of two respective thermal insulating sheets with different versions of the groove G and the tongue T as well as the flexible foam strip F.
1~2961$
Figure 2a shows the installation e~ample a) where the sheet width B (62.5 centimeters including tongue) is less than the distance between the two rafters S (75 centimeters); Figure 2b shows installation version b) where the sheet width ~ is greater than the distance between the rafters (55 centimeters). In both cases, the sheets have the same length L (100 centimeters, including tongue) and thickness (10 centimeters). The cut off sheet sections x, y and z are separated along the separating line R and are then used during the next installation step. The above described addition (1 centimeter) is not taken into consideration in the drawing, that is, the sheets are shown in the compressed state. The measures listed in parentheses refer to a test under actual installation conditions. A sheet, sheets and/or a sheet section or sheet sections herein sometimes referred to as sheets, may also be used.
The tongue and groove profile can be sawed or cut from the foam by ~amiliæ methods. The form and the size o~
the profiles can basically be chosen as desired with, of course, the tongue and groove correlated in a functional manner. Tongue and groove may have a rectangular or a conical cross-section. In order to facilitate easier assembly, the tongue and groove preferably are somewhat rounded.
The width of the groove preferably is approxi-mately half the sheet thickness and its depth preferably should be at least 3 centimeters. The overall dimensions of 11~961~
the sheet should be selected, including the tongue and groove profiles, in such a manner that the foam blocks from which the sheets are normally cut are used to an optimum extent so that the waste is reduced to a minumum amount.
The flexible and elastic foam strip herein sometimes called the flexible foam strip, may have any desired cross-section. It may be round, oval, rectangular, square or have an irregular shape. Dimensions and profile of groove, tongue and strips should be adjusted to each other in such a manner that the sheet with the tongue, which is to be attached, can be pressed in by several centimeters as a result of the compression effect of the flat flexible strip so that the two sheets and/or sheet sections can be pressed together manually until tongue and groove touch on the one hand and that on the other hand the recovery forces of the flexible strip cause the sheets and/or sheet sections to sufficiently clamp between the frame construction such as the rafters of the roof.
These effects facilitate easier fitting of the sheets between the raftera and the insulating system can adjust to shifting and warping of the rafters as well as thermal contraction or expansion of the foam sheets them-selves, thereby preventing thermal bridges as a result of opened butting joints as well as stress peaks in cover layers and in coverings which are installed in a stationary manner.
~1~9618 Tough, hard, foamed plstics, according to H. Goetze "Foams", Road Construction, Chemistry and Engineering Publishers, ~eidelberg, Page 24, are foamed parts displaying a steadily progressing, partially reversible deformation with increasing compressive load without reaching a definite breaking stage of, for instance, brittle rigid foams which fail by a sudden collapse of the structure with rising compressive load without prior elastic deformation.
Preferred foams are those based upon polystyrene, more preferably, expanded polystyrene particles. Also useful are extruded polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and tough, hard, polyurethane foam and, preferably, flexible melamine-formaldehyde foam in accordance with German Patent Application P 29 15 457 and flexible urea-formaldehyde foam.
Useful flexible elastic foams are preferably foams based on polyurethanes, flexible polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene. More preferably used are cold cured poly-urethane foams based on aromatic isocyanates and polyetherpolyols which may contain the commonly used polyurethane additives such as ~atalysts, surface-active substances, and blowing agents~
Similar to traditional insulating materials~ the foam sheets may be coated on one or both surfaces parallel to the primary plane of the sheet. Coating materials which may be used are tension proof but easily bendable materials 1 lf~961~
such as fleeces, textile fabrics or glass fibers, metal foils or plastic foils~ and bitumin ceiling sheets.
Depending upon the material used, the coating in the installed state serves as a reinforcement with respect to tensile stresses, a vapor barrier and a sealing material against drafts or water. Coating on both sides results in a double sided reinforcement with the same additional functions as those mentioned for the single sided coating.
The thermal insulation system of this invention is used preferably for the thermal insulation of subdivided surfaces, for instance, of sloped roofs where the sheets are installed between the rafters of the roof. A differentia-tion must be made between two conditions when installing the sheets:
a) the sheet is not as wide as the distance between the raters and b) the sheet is wider than the distance between the rafters.
a) First, a ~lexible foam strip is placed in one groove of a sheet. Second, a second sheet is loosely fitted to the first sheet by means of the tongue and groove joint to form a composite sheet. If required, additional sheets can be attached in the same manner to form the composite sheet. The part of the composite sheet which protrudes beyond the distance between the rafters plus an added amount of 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 centi-11~96~
meters is then cut from the composite sheet. The cutcomposite sheet is compressed by the added amount in a direction perpendicular to the rafters and are inserted between the rafters.
In a subsequent installation step, the remaining cut part of the composite sheet is attached to another sheet or another part of a sheet in the same manner and is cut and inserted between the rafters.
Third~ the individual panels inserted between the rafters are combined by connecting their tongue and groove profile which run in a perpendicular direction to the rafters. In this case also, a flexible foam strip may be inserted in the groove but this is not essentialO
b) In the other case, part of the sheet, which is too wide, is cut off creating a part narrower than the distance between the rafters. The flexible foam strip is then again inserted into the groove of the remaining part of the sheet and a second sheet is attached to form a composite sheet. ~ne then continues to proceed as described under a) second.
By compressing the composite sheet, the sheets are put under pressure in a perpendicular direction to the rafters. This pressure causes the sheets to hold between the rafters. In addition, the sheets may be fastened to the rafters by tacks or the installation of slats. The tongue and groove connection of the individual composite sheets in the longitudinal direction to the rafters guarantees an excellent fit and wind tightness.
~ 1 ~2 ~
Essentially, no material losses by wasted pieces are incurred when the installation process described above is used since the cut off parts of the sheets can be used othex than very small left over pieces. Another advantage of the thermal insulating system of this invention is that the manuEacture of the sheets can be limited to one width.
This permits streamlining of the production process. ~he corresponding selection of panel dimensions furthermore guarantees optimum utilization of the foam slab. Packaging and transport of the sheets are also simplified. As far as the trade is concerned, the method of th is invention results in greatly reduced and simplified warehousing. The application of this thermal insulating system results in advantages in planning and purchasing for the tradesman or the do-it-yourselfer in that he can use the available sheet width independent of the distance be~tween the rafters. The pre-measuring of the distances between the rafters for the detailed determination of required widths can also be eliminated.
A purpose of this invention was to reduce the rigidity of sheets of tough, hard foamed plastic in at least one direction parallel to the main plane, without, however, 11~961~
impairing the other properties, particularly the thermal insulation, the dimensional stability of the sheets in the installed state and the rigidity (resistance to compression) perpendicular to the main plane of the sheets.
In sloped roofs, the distances of the rafters vary within wide ranges between approximtely 35 and 75 centi-meters. ~hen installing the above-mentioned thermal insulating sheets for the purpose of roof insulation, several sheet widths must therefore be available. However, since it is irnpossible to make available an infinite variety of sheet widths, the sheets must be cut to correspond with the actual distance between rafters such as under actual installation conditions. This results in material losses by the installer and necessitates disposal of the waste pieces. The sheet manufacturer is forced to produce several sheet types with various widths and for the dealer, this results in costly warehousing. All of this, of course, is reflected in the costs.
Another purpose of this invention was therefore the development of a thermal insulating system with which the foam sheets can be installed without considerable material losses independent of the distance between the rafters.
Summary of the Invention This invention relates to a thermal insulating system of a multitude of rectangular thermal insulating sheets of a tough, hard foamed plastic having a density of S
1~2~)1g grams per liter to 100 grams per liter, preferably 10 grams per liter to 50 grams per liter. These sheets are equipped with tongue and groove profiles on all four narrow sides, the tongue and groove in each case, are opposite each other and with a strip of a flexible elastic foam being inserted in at least one groove of the sheets. The thickness of the foam sheets is between 2 centimeters and 31 centimeters, preferably between 5 centimeters and 15 centimeters and particularly between 8 and 12 centimeters. The sheets are 40 centimeters to 200 centimeters wide, preferably 5 centimeters to 80 centimeters, and their length is 40 centimeters to lO00 centimeters, preferably 50 centimeters to 125 centimeters.
The depth of the groove aclvantageously is greater than the length of the tongue and the total of the length of the tongue and the thickness of the flexible foam strip is appropriately greater than the depth of the groove.
Descriptlon of the Preferred Embodiments The drawings show schematics of a particular preferred version of the thermal insulating panel according to this invention as well as two installation principles.
Now, referring more particularly to the drawings, Figures la through d show the side view of two respective thermal insulating sheets with different versions of the groove G and the tongue T as well as the flexible foam strip F.
1~2961$
Figure 2a shows the installation e~ample a) where the sheet width B (62.5 centimeters including tongue) is less than the distance between the two rafters S (75 centimeters); Figure 2b shows installation version b) where the sheet width ~ is greater than the distance between the rafters (55 centimeters). In both cases, the sheets have the same length L (100 centimeters, including tongue) and thickness (10 centimeters). The cut off sheet sections x, y and z are separated along the separating line R and are then used during the next installation step. The above described addition (1 centimeter) is not taken into consideration in the drawing, that is, the sheets are shown in the compressed state. The measures listed in parentheses refer to a test under actual installation conditions. A sheet, sheets and/or a sheet section or sheet sections herein sometimes referred to as sheets, may also be used.
The tongue and groove profile can be sawed or cut from the foam by ~amiliæ methods. The form and the size o~
the profiles can basically be chosen as desired with, of course, the tongue and groove correlated in a functional manner. Tongue and groove may have a rectangular or a conical cross-section. In order to facilitate easier assembly, the tongue and groove preferably are somewhat rounded.
The width of the groove preferably is approxi-mately half the sheet thickness and its depth preferably should be at least 3 centimeters. The overall dimensions of 11~961~
the sheet should be selected, including the tongue and groove profiles, in such a manner that the foam blocks from which the sheets are normally cut are used to an optimum extent so that the waste is reduced to a minumum amount.
The flexible and elastic foam strip herein sometimes called the flexible foam strip, may have any desired cross-section. It may be round, oval, rectangular, square or have an irregular shape. Dimensions and profile of groove, tongue and strips should be adjusted to each other in such a manner that the sheet with the tongue, which is to be attached, can be pressed in by several centimeters as a result of the compression effect of the flat flexible strip so that the two sheets and/or sheet sections can be pressed together manually until tongue and groove touch on the one hand and that on the other hand the recovery forces of the flexible strip cause the sheets and/or sheet sections to sufficiently clamp between the frame construction such as the rafters of the roof.
These effects facilitate easier fitting of the sheets between the raftera and the insulating system can adjust to shifting and warping of the rafters as well as thermal contraction or expansion of the foam sheets them-selves, thereby preventing thermal bridges as a result of opened butting joints as well as stress peaks in cover layers and in coverings which are installed in a stationary manner.
~1~9618 Tough, hard, foamed plstics, according to H. Goetze "Foams", Road Construction, Chemistry and Engineering Publishers, ~eidelberg, Page 24, are foamed parts displaying a steadily progressing, partially reversible deformation with increasing compressive load without reaching a definite breaking stage of, for instance, brittle rigid foams which fail by a sudden collapse of the structure with rising compressive load without prior elastic deformation.
Preferred foams are those based upon polystyrene, more preferably, expanded polystyrene particles. Also useful are extruded polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and tough, hard, polyurethane foam and, preferably, flexible melamine-formaldehyde foam in accordance with German Patent Application P 29 15 457 and flexible urea-formaldehyde foam.
Useful flexible elastic foams are preferably foams based on polyurethanes, flexible polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene. More preferably used are cold cured poly-urethane foams based on aromatic isocyanates and polyetherpolyols which may contain the commonly used polyurethane additives such as ~atalysts, surface-active substances, and blowing agents~
Similar to traditional insulating materials~ the foam sheets may be coated on one or both surfaces parallel to the primary plane of the sheet. Coating materials which may be used are tension proof but easily bendable materials 1 lf~961~
such as fleeces, textile fabrics or glass fibers, metal foils or plastic foils~ and bitumin ceiling sheets.
Depending upon the material used, the coating in the installed state serves as a reinforcement with respect to tensile stresses, a vapor barrier and a sealing material against drafts or water. Coating on both sides results in a double sided reinforcement with the same additional functions as those mentioned for the single sided coating.
The thermal insulation system of this invention is used preferably for the thermal insulation of subdivided surfaces, for instance, of sloped roofs where the sheets are installed between the rafters of the roof. A differentia-tion must be made between two conditions when installing the sheets:
a) the sheet is not as wide as the distance between the raters and b) the sheet is wider than the distance between the rafters.
a) First, a ~lexible foam strip is placed in one groove of a sheet. Second, a second sheet is loosely fitted to the first sheet by means of the tongue and groove joint to form a composite sheet. If required, additional sheets can be attached in the same manner to form the composite sheet. The part of the composite sheet which protrudes beyond the distance between the rafters plus an added amount of 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 centi-11~96~
meters is then cut from the composite sheet. The cutcomposite sheet is compressed by the added amount in a direction perpendicular to the rafters and are inserted between the rafters.
In a subsequent installation step, the remaining cut part of the composite sheet is attached to another sheet or another part of a sheet in the same manner and is cut and inserted between the rafters.
Third~ the individual panels inserted between the rafters are combined by connecting their tongue and groove profile which run in a perpendicular direction to the rafters. In this case also, a flexible foam strip may be inserted in the groove but this is not essentialO
b) In the other case, part of the sheet, which is too wide, is cut off creating a part narrower than the distance between the rafters. The flexible foam strip is then again inserted into the groove of the remaining part of the sheet and a second sheet is attached to form a composite sheet. ~ne then continues to proceed as described under a) second.
By compressing the composite sheet, the sheets are put under pressure in a perpendicular direction to the rafters. This pressure causes the sheets to hold between the rafters. In addition, the sheets may be fastened to the rafters by tacks or the installation of slats. The tongue and groove connection of the individual composite sheets in the longitudinal direction to the rafters guarantees an excellent fit and wind tightness.
~ 1 ~2 ~
Essentially, no material losses by wasted pieces are incurred when the installation process described above is used since the cut off parts of the sheets can be used othex than very small left over pieces. Another advantage of the thermal insulating system of this invention is that the manuEacture of the sheets can be limited to one width.
This permits streamlining of the production process. ~he corresponding selection of panel dimensions furthermore guarantees optimum utilization of the foam slab. Packaging and transport of the sheets are also simplified. As far as the trade is concerned, the method of th is invention results in greatly reduced and simplified warehousing. The application of this thermal insulating system results in advantages in planning and purchasing for the tradesman or the do-it-yourselfer in that he can use the available sheet width independent of the distance be~tween the rafters. The pre-measuring of the distances between the rafters for the detailed determination of required widths can also be eliminated.
Claims (2)
1. A thermal insulating system comprising a multitude of rectangular thermally insulating sheets of tough, hard, foamed plastic having a density of 5 grams per liter to 100 grams per liter, a thickness of 2 centimeters to 31 centimeters, a width of 40 centimeters to 200 centi-meters, a length of 40 centimeters to 1000 centimeters, said sheets having tongue and groove profiles at the four side surfaces, said tongue and groove in each case, being opposite each other and wherein at least one of the grooves contains a flexible foam strip.
2. The thermal insulating system of claim 1 wherein the depth of the groove is greater than the length of the tongue and the total of the length of the tongue and the thickness of the flexible foam strip is greater than the depth of the groove.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19808003912 DE8003912U1 (en) | 1980-02-14 | 1980-02-14 | HEAT INSULATION PANEL SET |
| DEG8003912.9 | 1980-02-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1129618A true CA1129618A (en) | 1982-08-17 |
Family
ID=6712870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA370,871A Expired CA1129618A (en) | 1980-02-14 | 1981-02-13 | Thermal insulating system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1129618A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE8003912U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3401891A1 (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-07-25 | Puroll Hartschaum-GmbH, 8029 Sauerlach | Heat-insulating facade element for walls and ceilings |
| DE4104852A1 (en) * | 1991-02-16 | 1992-08-27 | Thermodach Dachtechnik Gmbh | Fold and overlapping construction for heat insulating plates - has sealing profile on upper side of overlapping shoulder and extending over its entire length, locating against underside of covering strip of adjoining plate |
-
1980
- 1980-02-14 DE DE19808003912 patent/DE8003912U1/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-13 CA CA370,871A patent/CA1129618A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE8003912U1 (en) | 1980-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |