CA1126162A - Dentifrice containing amorphous precipitated silica free of fluoride scavenger - Google Patents
Dentifrice containing amorphous precipitated silica free of fluoride scavengerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1126162A CA1126162A CA351,423A CA351423A CA1126162A CA 1126162 A CA1126162 A CA 1126162A CA 351423 A CA351423 A CA 351423A CA 1126162 A CA1126162 A CA 1126162A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cream
- dentifrice
- weight
- amount
- dentifrice cream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/25—Silicon; Compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A dentifrice cream comprising about 20% to about 50% by weight of a precipitated silica, said silica being characterized by having a bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 g/ml, a surface area of less than 300 m2/g, and an oil absorption value of 75 to 95 ml/100 g having excellent cleaning abilities. The silica is essentially free of aluminum or other fluoride scavengers thus providing a fluoride toothpaste having a high fluoride anti-caries activity over a long shelf life.
Description
DENTIFRICE CONTAINING AMORPHOUS PRECIPITATED SILICA FREE OF
FLUORIDE SCAVENGER
The invention relates to dentifrice cream containing precipitated amorphous silica as an abrasive.
Toothpastes or other dentifrice creams containing active fluoride derive their therapeutic benefits from the reactivity of fluoride ions, but it is also due to this reactivity that formulation ch mists ha~e encountered significant problems in developing a toothpaste wherein the activity of the fluoride ion is maintained `A
over a reasonable period or shelf life, as the fluoride may be scavenged by impurities or other ingredients of the toothpaste.
Opa~ue dentifrice creams commonly employ phosphate abrasive agents such as dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate or sodium metaphosphate. Clear gel toothpastes are known that employ a silica as an abrasive. However, these clear gel formulations do not exhibit the cleaning and polishing properties that are achieved by opaque toothpastes containing the normal 30~ to 50% by weight of phosphate abrasive.
In addition, these clear gel toothpastes contain small quantities of additive~, especially alumina, to adjust the refractive index of the abrasive to match that of the b:inder. This added alumina is incompatible with therapeukically active fluor:ide cornpounds since the active fluoride is efficiently scavenged by such aluminum-containing compounds.
The present invention provides an opaque dentifrice cream compr~sing about 20 percent to about 50 percent by weight of a dental ,~ .
... , ,, . _ , . . . .. .
' 6~
abrasive and polishing agent that is a precipitated finely-divided amorphous silica characterized by haviny a bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 grams per ml, a surface area of less than 300 s~uare metres per gram, and an oil absorption value of 75 to 95 ml per 100 grams, said silica being substantially completely free of aluminum or other fluoride-scavenging species; said cream further comprising an effective quantity of an anticaries active fluoride compound, effective amounts of binding agent and humectant, and water,blended together to form an homogeneous cream.
Except where otherwise stated, all parts and percentages herein ~~
are by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
The precipitated silica described has been found to be an excellent polishing agent for use in toothpaste. The abrasivity of this precipitated silica is comparable to that of the more traditional phosphate abrasives aforementioned. This silica can be obtained in a very pure form and exhibits a very low reactivity with fluoride ions making it a highly useful polishing agent for opaque fluoride dentifrice cream formulations.
The preferred embodiment of the invention employs about 35~ by weight of a pure precipitated silica as the sole abrasive and polishing agent. Precipitated silicas useful in toothpaste formulations of the invention are white, odorless powders having the following physical characteristics:
a) bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 g~ml b) surface area of iess than 3Q0 m2/g and more preferably 150 to 250 m /g c) oil absorption of 75 to 95 ml/100 g.
Use of the described pxecipitated silica as the abrasive and polishing agent in an opaque toothpaste, i.e. containing an abra-sive having its refractive index different from the binder, results in a foxmulation having good polishing and cleansing characteristics. A suitable precipitated silica is available . , ' , commercially from J.M. Huber Corporation under the -trade mark ZEODENT 113.
The cleaning a~ility of a toothpaste is expressed by determining its Radioactive Dentin Abrasion (RDA) value using standard pro-5 cedures as described for example in Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 53, p. 835 (1974). Table 1 shows the RDA values obtained by the above-mentioned procedure for toothpaste formulations of the invention containing varying amounts of the precipitated silica ZEODENT 113 in comparison with several commercially-available opaque toothpastes containing a conventional phosphateabrasive agent, two commercially available clear gel toothpastes, -and a standard testing formulation containing 50~ calcium pyrophosphate.
Table I
RDA
Toothpaste abrasive With medium brush With hard brush 50~ Calcium Pyrophosphate (STD) 475 625 25% Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate 260 340 Insoluble Sodium Metaphosphate 484 640 42% ZEODENT 113 480 660 35~ " 420 560 30~ " 390 520 25% " 370 500 20~ " 300 450 Clear gel A 294 387 Clear gel B 280 370 From this table it is evident that the precipitated silica is suitable for use in toothpaste as an abrasive and polishing agent.
Toothpaste formulations containiny precipitated silica as described also exhibit enhanced fluoride stab:ility when a thera-peutic amount of an active fluor:ide compound such as sodium mono-fluorophosphate i8 added. Testing conducted on fluoride tooth-pastes of the invention indicates that fluoride activity did notsignificantly decrease in samples stored at room temperature for two years.
, ' '' ~ ' 6~6;2 This result indicates substantial absence o~ fluoride scavenging species such as aluminum-containing compounds. This in turn is attributable to the purity of the precipitated silica used.
Table II sets out three examples of toothpaste formulations of the invention.
Table II
Example Example ~xample #1 #2 #3 Glycerine USP 120.0 g 83.3 g 160.0 g Sorbitol USP 70% Solution 120.0 g 145.0 g 160.0 g Sodium Saccharin NF
Powder 1.5 g 1.25 g 2.0 g Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose 10.0 g 8.3 g 6.0 g Polyethylene Glycol 4000 10.0 g 6.6 g 10.0 g Titanium Dioxide 20.0 g 8.3 g 10.0 g Precipitated Silicon Dioxide (Zeodent 113)350.0 g 420.0 g 320.0 g Sodium Monofluorophosphate 7.6 g 7.6 g 7.6 g Sodium Phosphate Dibasic 10.0 g 8.3 g 10.0 g Sodium Lauryl Sulphate10.0 g 8.3 g 15.0 g Purified Water USP330.3 g 290.5 g 288.4 g Toothpaste Flavour9.0 g 11.2 g 11.0 g In these examples, the abrasive and polishing agent is the precipitated silica ZEODENT 113, and the active fluoride compound is sodium monofluorophosphate present in an amount of about 0.76%
by weight. This amount is a therapeutically effective cluantity Eor an anti-caries agent.
The examples of Table II are prepared according to the following general procedure~
Using a steam jacketed lcettle of appropriate size equipped with a ' , :
, . . ~ - .
. -, ,, :
6~
Gate (trade mark) mixer, glycerine, sorbitol and water are heated to 100C and mixed. Sodium saccharin, sodium monofluoro-phosphate, sodium phosphate dibasic are added and dissolved.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is then dispersed in the mixture, followed by the addition of polyethylene glycol. Titanium dioxide is premixed in a small portion of the water-sorbitol-glycerine solution and then added to the batch. The precipitated silica (ZEODENT 113) is added followed by sodium lauryl sulphate.
The batch is cooled to 50C and flavors are added. The resultant cream is de-aerated and then packaged into conventional toothpaste tubes.
In preferred examples of dentifrice cream formulations in accordance with the invention, the sodium monofluorophosphate or other anticaries fluoride agent will be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 2% and preferably about 0.7~. The binding agent may be sodium carboxymethylcellulose present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably about 0.6~, or the binding agent may be polyethylene glycol present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 5%, or the binding agent may be a combination of these in an amount of from about 0.1~ to about 5%.
The humectant may be glycerine, sorbitol or a mixture thereof.
A surface active agent may be present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 5~, more preferably about 1%, and such an agent is preferably sodium lauryl sulfate. A non-nutritive sweetener may be present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 1%, and is preferably sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin or a mixture thereof. ~ dental pigment may be present in an amount of about 1% to about ~% and is preferably titanium dioxide.
The pH of the toothpaste may be buffered by the addition of a suitable amount o phosphate buffer such as disodium orthophos-phate. I'he toothpaste may contain an essential oi1 as a ~lavouring agent such as peppermint, spearmint, methyl salicy-clate or a mixture thereof.
, ~ ' ' ': ' - ~ .
FLUORIDE SCAVENGER
The invention relates to dentifrice cream containing precipitated amorphous silica as an abrasive.
Toothpastes or other dentifrice creams containing active fluoride derive their therapeutic benefits from the reactivity of fluoride ions, but it is also due to this reactivity that formulation ch mists ha~e encountered significant problems in developing a toothpaste wherein the activity of the fluoride ion is maintained `A
over a reasonable period or shelf life, as the fluoride may be scavenged by impurities or other ingredients of the toothpaste.
Opa~ue dentifrice creams commonly employ phosphate abrasive agents such as dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate or sodium metaphosphate. Clear gel toothpastes are known that employ a silica as an abrasive. However, these clear gel formulations do not exhibit the cleaning and polishing properties that are achieved by opaque toothpastes containing the normal 30~ to 50% by weight of phosphate abrasive.
In addition, these clear gel toothpastes contain small quantities of additive~, especially alumina, to adjust the refractive index of the abrasive to match that of the b:inder. This added alumina is incompatible with therapeukically active fluor:ide cornpounds since the active fluoride is efficiently scavenged by such aluminum-containing compounds.
The present invention provides an opaque dentifrice cream compr~sing about 20 percent to about 50 percent by weight of a dental ,~ .
... , ,, . _ , . . . .. .
' 6~
abrasive and polishing agent that is a precipitated finely-divided amorphous silica characterized by haviny a bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 grams per ml, a surface area of less than 300 s~uare metres per gram, and an oil absorption value of 75 to 95 ml per 100 grams, said silica being substantially completely free of aluminum or other fluoride-scavenging species; said cream further comprising an effective quantity of an anticaries active fluoride compound, effective amounts of binding agent and humectant, and water,blended together to form an homogeneous cream.
Except where otherwise stated, all parts and percentages herein ~~
are by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
The precipitated silica described has been found to be an excellent polishing agent for use in toothpaste. The abrasivity of this precipitated silica is comparable to that of the more traditional phosphate abrasives aforementioned. This silica can be obtained in a very pure form and exhibits a very low reactivity with fluoride ions making it a highly useful polishing agent for opaque fluoride dentifrice cream formulations.
The preferred embodiment of the invention employs about 35~ by weight of a pure precipitated silica as the sole abrasive and polishing agent. Precipitated silicas useful in toothpaste formulations of the invention are white, odorless powders having the following physical characteristics:
a) bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 g~ml b) surface area of iess than 3Q0 m2/g and more preferably 150 to 250 m /g c) oil absorption of 75 to 95 ml/100 g.
Use of the described pxecipitated silica as the abrasive and polishing agent in an opaque toothpaste, i.e. containing an abra-sive having its refractive index different from the binder, results in a foxmulation having good polishing and cleansing characteristics. A suitable precipitated silica is available . , ' , commercially from J.M. Huber Corporation under the -trade mark ZEODENT 113.
The cleaning a~ility of a toothpaste is expressed by determining its Radioactive Dentin Abrasion (RDA) value using standard pro-5 cedures as described for example in Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 53, p. 835 (1974). Table 1 shows the RDA values obtained by the above-mentioned procedure for toothpaste formulations of the invention containing varying amounts of the precipitated silica ZEODENT 113 in comparison with several commercially-available opaque toothpastes containing a conventional phosphateabrasive agent, two commercially available clear gel toothpastes, -and a standard testing formulation containing 50~ calcium pyrophosphate.
Table I
RDA
Toothpaste abrasive With medium brush With hard brush 50~ Calcium Pyrophosphate (STD) 475 625 25% Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate 260 340 Insoluble Sodium Metaphosphate 484 640 42% ZEODENT 113 480 660 35~ " 420 560 30~ " 390 520 25% " 370 500 20~ " 300 450 Clear gel A 294 387 Clear gel B 280 370 From this table it is evident that the precipitated silica is suitable for use in toothpaste as an abrasive and polishing agent.
Toothpaste formulations containiny precipitated silica as described also exhibit enhanced fluoride stab:ility when a thera-peutic amount of an active fluor:ide compound such as sodium mono-fluorophosphate i8 added. Testing conducted on fluoride tooth-pastes of the invention indicates that fluoride activity did notsignificantly decrease in samples stored at room temperature for two years.
, ' '' ~ ' 6~6;2 This result indicates substantial absence o~ fluoride scavenging species such as aluminum-containing compounds. This in turn is attributable to the purity of the precipitated silica used.
Table II sets out three examples of toothpaste formulations of the invention.
Table II
Example Example ~xample #1 #2 #3 Glycerine USP 120.0 g 83.3 g 160.0 g Sorbitol USP 70% Solution 120.0 g 145.0 g 160.0 g Sodium Saccharin NF
Powder 1.5 g 1.25 g 2.0 g Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose 10.0 g 8.3 g 6.0 g Polyethylene Glycol 4000 10.0 g 6.6 g 10.0 g Titanium Dioxide 20.0 g 8.3 g 10.0 g Precipitated Silicon Dioxide (Zeodent 113)350.0 g 420.0 g 320.0 g Sodium Monofluorophosphate 7.6 g 7.6 g 7.6 g Sodium Phosphate Dibasic 10.0 g 8.3 g 10.0 g Sodium Lauryl Sulphate10.0 g 8.3 g 15.0 g Purified Water USP330.3 g 290.5 g 288.4 g Toothpaste Flavour9.0 g 11.2 g 11.0 g In these examples, the abrasive and polishing agent is the precipitated silica ZEODENT 113, and the active fluoride compound is sodium monofluorophosphate present in an amount of about 0.76%
by weight. This amount is a therapeutically effective cluantity Eor an anti-caries agent.
The examples of Table II are prepared according to the following general procedure~
Using a steam jacketed lcettle of appropriate size equipped with a ' , :
, . . ~ - .
. -, ,, :
6~
Gate (trade mark) mixer, glycerine, sorbitol and water are heated to 100C and mixed. Sodium saccharin, sodium monofluoro-phosphate, sodium phosphate dibasic are added and dissolved.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is then dispersed in the mixture, followed by the addition of polyethylene glycol. Titanium dioxide is premixed in a small portion of the water-sorbitol-glycerine solution and then added to the batch. The precipitated silica (ZEODENT 113) is added followed by sodium lauryl sulphate.
The batch is cooled to 50C and flavors are added. The resultant cream is de-aerated and then packaged into conventional toothpaste tubes.
In preferred examples of dentifrice cream formulations in accordance with the invention, the sodium monofluorophosphate or other anticaries fluoride agent will be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 2% and preferably about 0.7~. The binding agent may be sodium carboxymethylcellulose present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably about 0.6~, or the binding agent may be polyethylene glycol present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 5%, or the binding agent may be a combination of these in an amount of from about 0.1~ to about 5%.
The humectant may be glycerine, sorbitol or a mixture thereof.
A surface active agent may be present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 5~, more preferably about 1%, and such an agent is preferably sodium lauryl sulfate. A non-nutritive sweetener may be present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 1%, and is preferably sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin or a mixture thereof. ~ dental pigment may be present in an amount of about 1% to about ~% and is preferably titanium dioxide.
The pH of the toothpaste may be buffered by the addition of a suitable amount o phosphate buffer such as disodium orthophos-phate. I'he toothpaste may contain an essential oi1 as a ~lavouring agent such as peppermint, spearmint, methyl salicy-clate or a mixture thereof.
, ~ ' ' ': ' - ~ .
Claims (22)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An opaque dentifrice cream comprising about 20 percent to about 50 percent by weight of a dental abrasive and polishing agent that is precipitated finely-divided amorphous silica characterized by having a bulk density of 0.40 to 0.48 grams per ml, a surface area of less than 300 square metres per gram, and an oil absorption value of 75 to 95 ml per 100 grams, said silica being substantially completely free of aluminum or other fluoride-scavenging species; said cream further comprising an effective quantity of an anticaries active fluoride compound, effective amounts of binding agent and humectant, and water, blended together to form an homogeneous cream.
2. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitated silica is present in an amount of about 35% by weight.
3. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active fluoride compound is present in an amount of about .1% to about 2% by weight.
4. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1 r wherein the fluoride compound is sodium monofluorophosphate.
5. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sodium monofluorophosphate is present in an amount of about 0.7% by weight.
6. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitated,silica is ZEODENT 113 (trade mark).
7. A dentifrice cream as claimed in clairn 1, wherein the binding agent is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
8. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is present in an amount of about 0.6% by weight.
9. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein the binding agent comprises an amount of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of polyethylene glycol alone or in combination with said sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
10. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein the binding agent is present in an amount of about 1% by weight of polyethylene glycol alone or in combination with said sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
11. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, wherein the humectant is glycerine, sorbitol or a mixture thereof.
12. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a surface active agent present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight.
13. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 12, wherein the surface active agent is present in an amount of about 1% by weight.
14. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 12, wherein the surface active agent is sodium lauryl sulphate.
15. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a non-nutritive sweetener present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 1% by weight.
16. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim is, wherein the non-nutritive sweetener is sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin or a mixture thereof.
17. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a finely-divided white dental pigment present in an amount of about 1% to about 5% by weight.
18. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 17, wherein the white dental pigment is finely-divided titanium dioxide.
19. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, further compri-sing a phosphate buffer.
20. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 19, wherein the phosphate buffer is disodium orthophosphate.
21. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 1, wherein an essential oil is present as a flavouring agent.
22. A dentifrice cream as claimed in claim 21, wherein the essential oil flavouring agent is peppermint, spearmint, methyl salicyclate or a mixture thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA351,423A CA1126162A (en) | 1980-05-07 | 1980-05-07 | Dentifrice containing amorphous precipitated silica free of fluoride scavenger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA351,423A CA1126162A (en) | 1980-05-07 | 1980-05-07 | Dentifrice containing amorphous precipitated silica free of fluoride scavenger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1126162A true CA1126162A (en) | 1982-06-22 |
Family
ID=4116880
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA351,423A Expired CA1126162A (en) | 1980-05-07 | 1980-05-07 | Dentifrice containing amorphous precipitated silica free of fluoride scavenger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1126162A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-05-07 CA CA351,423A patent/CA1126162A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |