CA1124912A - Cement coloring composition and method of producing same - Google Patents
Cement coloring composition and method of producing sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1124912A CA1124912A CA316,442A CA316442A CA1124912A CA 1124912 A CA1124912 A CA 1124912A CA 316442 A CA316442 A CA 316442A CA 1124912 A CA1124912 A CA 1124912A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- dispersant
- weight
- pigment
- stabilizer
- aqueous carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
CEMENT COLORING COMPOSITION AND
METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
` Thixotropic compositions for coloring cement or concrete or similar products comprise particulate pigment particles (about 20-80% by weight), at least one stabilizer (about 0.4-15%), a dispersant (about 0.1-3.0%) and water (about 12-77%). Methods of making these compositions are also explained.
METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
` Thixotropic compositions for coloring cement or concrete or similar products comprise particulate pigment particles (about 20-80% by weight), at least one stabilizer (about 0.4-15%), a dispersant (about 0.1-3.0%) and water (about 12-77%). Methods of making these compositions are also explained.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to formulations and methods for preparing such formulations for coloring materials for cement and concrete products. In particular, it relates to such formulations and methods for forming thixotropic stabilized suspensions of such pigment particles which resist settling out.
PRIOR ART
15Conventional cement or concrete coloring compositions comprise powders which are added by hand or by a screw conveyor .
in their dry state to a wet concrete or cement mix in a mixing apparatus. It is difficult to accurately add desired amounts of such powders to the wet concrete mix and there is often waste of such coloring material. Furthermore, with powders it is difficult to obtain a sufficiently thorough mixing of the powders into the wet cement mix so as to achieve a homogeneous .., ~
color throughout the mixture. Conventional methods also require the concrete or cement contractor to maintain large inventories of the coloring composition and involve certain health hazards as well.
It is highly desirable to have a system for coloring wet cement and concrete mixes by the addition of the coloring material in a liquid form to the mix.
It is also desirable to have a system in which the coloring material may be added by liquid pumps to the wet concrete mix.
It would also be highly advantageous to have a suspension of color pigment material which will not settle out within a relatively short time.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid slurry or mixture of particulate color pigments for each of several colors which can easily be mixed with one another or with a wet cement mix by the user to obtain a full range of composite colors.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a system for adding pigment material to cement and concrete mixtures which can be automated to a greater extent than has heretofore been the case.
These and other objects of the present invention, which will appear to one skilled in the art upon perusal of the present specification, the drawings, and the claims herein, are attained by the use of the formulas and processes as explained hereinbelow.
~1249'1Z
Summary of the Invention .
A thixotropic composition principally comprising a particulate pigment, a stabilizer, a dispersant and a liquid carrier which is predominantly water.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the principal steps of the novel method of making the novel coloring composition according to the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating preferred ranges of viscosity plotted against time for three exemplary iron oxide pigments after they have been processed into slurries by the general method shown in Fig. 1.
l~Z491Z
DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFEPRED E~BODI~EI~TS - Fig. 1 Example l A mixing tank having a slow speed or low energy agitator revolving a~ abou- ~0-200 rpm is ~artially filled with 47.17% of water (by weight). Gu~ arabic in the amount of 5% by weight or an active clay is then added as well as 0. 66% of the dispersant sodium laurate, which is a sodium salt of lauric acid sulphonate. Other alternative dispersants include fatty amines and alkyl a~ines. At ambient temperatures, the water, dispersant and s~abilizer are premixed until all are dissolved. Then, while the mixer is still running, 47.17% by weight of the pi~ent black iron oxide or a metallic salt pigment is added and the entire mixture is then mixed for up to about one hour, for example, until it is uniform and homogeneous whereupon it will have a predetermined specific gravity.
Next, the material is pumped into a high speed or high energy mill such as a stone mill, for ex2mple, to reduce the particle size of the pigment compGnent of the slurry 2a down into the micron range. This can be checked by the use of a grinding "wedge" or other gauge. Pre erably, the particle size distribution should include largest particles with a maximum dimension of about 40 microns, large particles whose average size is about 25 microns, smaller particles whose average size is in the 1-2 micron range, and smallest particles down to a minimum size of about 0.5 microns. If the particle distribution is generally higher than these r2nges, the coloring strength of the slurry is adversely affected. If the sizes of ~lZ~9~.2 the particles are generally below these ranges they may be washed out of dried concrete by normal weathering.
The procedure described above may also be applied to many other formulations such as are set forth in the following examples:
Example 2 Black Iron Oxide47.17 Water 47.73 Gum Arabic 5 00 Sodium Laurate 0.10 Example 3 Carbon Black 20.00 Water 76.60 Gum Arabic 0.4%
Ethylene Oxide Condensate 3.0%
Example 4 Carbon Black 25.0%
Water 59.0%
Alginate L,V. 15.0%
Sodium Laurate 1.0%
Example 5 Spanish Red Oxide80.0%
Water 12.69 Gum Arabic 7.0%
Ethylene Oxide Condensate 0.4%
1~249~Z
Examplè 6 Red Oxide (Natural) 60.00 Water 30.00 Gum Arabic 9.20 Sodium Laurate 0~80 Example 7 Red Oxide (Synthetic) 50.00 Water - 47 oo Gum Arabic 2. 80 Sodium Laurate 0.20 Example 8 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47-00 (i.e. yellow iron oxide) Water 49.5%
Gum Arabic 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 9 t Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Sodium Alginate (Manute RS) 3.2%
Sodium Laurate O.3%
Example lO
Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47. OO
Water 49.5%.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose3.2%
(CMC) High Viscosity grade Sodium Laurate 0.37 l~Z~9~Z
Example 11 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49 5%
Gum Arabic 3.4%
Triethanolamine 0.1%
Example 12 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49,5%
Gum Guar 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 13 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Gum Tragacanth 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 14 Yellow Oxide ~Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Locust Bean Gum 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 15 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Dextrine 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
1~249'~Z
Example 16 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47 00%
Water 49.5%
Potato Starch 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 17 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00%
Water 49.5%
Polyvinyl Alcohol 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 18 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00%
Water 49.5%
Polyvinyl Pyrolidone 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
While it might be possible to make a cement coloring composition without using a dispersant such as those mentioned above, preferred embodiments of the present invention do employ them as they help the slurry to keep its suspended state for long periods of time, and they allow more of the pigment to be incorporated into the slurry. They also tend to prevent flocculation of the pigment when the slurry is added to the cement mix since the latter contains free calcium ions.
Less flocculation makes for more intense coloring of the cement mix.
It should be noted that, while the foregoing examples and description only have mentioned water as the liquid carrier for the slurry, aqueous solutions may alternatively be used.
Thus, aqueous solutions of various monohydric or polyhydric alcohols or ketones could be used instead of water alone for anti-freeze or other purposes. For example, methyl alcohol up to 15% by weight could be added to the water. Similarly aqueous solutions of acetone, glycols or glycerols could be substituted ~r water alone.
It is important that the viscosity of the formulation be controlled so as to insure that the formulation can be fluidized when being dispensed thereby to optimize the mixing of the formulation with the cement or concrete components.
The product is therefore checked as to its viscosity which should fall substantially within the limits (measured in poise) as shown in Fig. 2. While the data shown in the graph of Fig. 2 just deals with iron oxides, the desirable viscosity ranges for other pigments will also fall within the maximum and minimum ranges shown in that drawing. The data plotted on time ordinate in Fig. 2 was determined by the use of the "Rotothinner" brand viscometer manufactured by ICI. This viscometer works by detecting mechanical shear, not by the detection of heat generation.
The color quality of the slurry may be tested by adding to it a predetermined quantity of titanium dioxide (white) in the 3:1 - 5:1 ratio range. This measures the relative value of the color since a given sample may require a different amount of the coloring pigment to produce the same tint as another batch of the slurry.
_9_ ~'1249~2 Other usable stabilizers include active clays such as Bentonite, Kieselgur or Benagel, uncooked corn or wheat starch, water-soluble celluloses such as hydroxy ethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose,and polyvinyl pyrolidone.
Other usable dispersants include other fatty amines and alkylamines.
Optionally, other substances may also be added to impart desired characteristics to the composition. For example, a small percentage on the order of say, 4-7% of an anti-efflorescent agent such as barium carbonate can be added. Or small percentages (say about 2%) of water-repellent chemicals such as calcium stearate, aluminum stearate or silicones can be added to the pre-mix of the dispersant and the stabilizer in water or in the aqueous carrier.
Alternative Procedures and Equipment The premixing step may be alternatively accomplished by using a hydraulic, variable speed cavitation mixer such as those marketed by Torrance & Sons of Bristol, England or by Cowles in the United States. Present cavitation mixers are, however, somewhat limited in processing capacity.
The reduction of the particle size of the original slurry may be done by mills other than the stone mill.
Alternatively, a Premier brand colloid mill manufactured by Premier Colloid Mills or other types of comminuting apparatus may be employed. Stone mills may be those manufactured by Moorhouse in the United States or by Fryma in Switzerland, Ball mills or rod mills have also been satisfactorily used, but they have the disadvantage of requiring more processing time. Attrition mills such as sand mills or pearl mills also are effective, but also usually take longer than high speed mills or colloid mills.
l~Z~-2 Slurry Dispensing System As stated before, one of the main advantages of the present system and formulatlon is that thixotropic slurries of various main colors produced according to the present invention may be packaged in drums or other containers and the suspensions will not settle out for relatively long periods of time, i.e., on the order of 6-12 months. Thus, if the concrete or cement contractor wishes, he can keep perhaps 3-5 pigment slurries in individual drums, each slurry being operatively connected to a batching system which controls the amounts of said slurries to be added to the concrete mix. A
charging pump may be inserted into each drum of slurry connected through a delivery tube to a metering container or tube. The tube may for example, contain a first (higher) measuring probe connected to a batching control unit whose height is adjustable (or predetermined) depending upon the amount of slurry to be measured out. Operation of the charging pump delivers the slurry to the metering tube until it touches the lower end of said first measuring probe where-upon a circuit is actuated which cuts off the pump. Thecharging pump for applying the slurry to the metering tube may be an air-operated positive displacement piston pump such as thosemarketed by Graco, Inc. of Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Then thecontents of the metering tube start to be withdrawn from the metering tube by the action of a dispensing pump (controlled by the batching unit) and to be applied (with water) to a concrete mixer of any conventional type. When the level of the metered slurry falls below the lower end of a second probe coupled to the batching unit, a signal is generated which stops the dispensing pump.
49~12 If the contents of the slurry drum have not been used for excessive lengths of time, it may be advisable to insert a recycling valve branching off from the output of the charging pump and being connected to a recycling tube which returns to the drum. The return of the slurry back to the drum will produce a certain amount of agitation of the contents of the drum.
Instead of the batching system described above, it is also possible to use a positive displacement pump of the said Graco type or of the "Mono" brand type marketed by Mono Pumps Ltd. of Great Britain. The latter pump is also marketed in the United States under the "Moyno"
brand by Robbins and Meyers. The pump is set to run for a timed period so that, since the rate of flow is known, the amount of pumping time required to produce a given volume can easily be calculated. The timers may be wired to the electric motor starters of the pumps.
Still another method is to pump the slurry around a continuous circuit via a three-way valve which is air or electrically operated. The valve is connected to a timer that can switch it from continuous circuit to injection by-pass, either straight into the mixing apparatus or indirectly, via a weighing scale, into the mixer so as to provide a double check on the quantity required for addition.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to formulations and methods for preparing such formulations for coloring materials for cement and concrete products. In particular, it relates to such formulations and methods for forming thixotropic stabilized suspensions of such pigment particles which resist settling out.
PRIOR ART
15Conventional cement or concrete coloring compositions comprise powders which are added by hand or by a screw conveyor .
in their dry state to a wet concrete or cement mix in a mixing apparatus. It is difficult to accurately add desired amounts of such powders to the wet concrete mix and there is often waste of such coloring material. Furthermore, with powders it is difficult to obtain a sufficiently thorough mixing of the powders into the wet cement mix so as to achieve a homogeneous .., ~
color throughout the mixture. Conventional methods also require the concrete or cement contractor to maintain large inventories of the coloring composition and involve certain health hazards as well.
It is highly desirable to have a system for coloring wet cement and concrete mixes by the addition of the coloring material in a liquid form to the mix.
It is also desirable to have a system in which the coloring material may be added by liquid pumps to the wet concrete mix.
It would also be highly advantageous to have a suspension of color pigment material which will not settle out within a relatively short time.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid slurry or mixture of particulate color pigments for each of several colors which can easily be mixed with one another or with a wet cement mix by the user to obtain a full range of composite colors.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a system for adding pigment material to cement and concrete mixtures which can be automated to a greater extent than has heretofore been the case.
These and other objects of the present invention, which will appear to one skilled in the art upon perusal of the present specification, the drawings, and the claims herein, are attained by the use of the formulas and processes as explained hereinbelow.
~1249'1Z
Summary of the Invention .
A thixotropic composition principally comprising a particulate pigment, a stabilizer, a dispersant and a liquid carrier which is predominantly water.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the principal steps of the novel method of making the novel coloring composition according to the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating preferred ranges of viscosity plotted against time for three exemplary iron oxide pigments after they have been processed into slurries by the general method shown in Fig. 1.
l~Z491Z
DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFEPRED E~BODI~EI~TS - Fig. 1 Example l A mixing tank having a slow speed or low energy agitator revolving a~ abou- ~0-200 rpm is ~artially filled with 47.17% of water (by weight). Gu~ arabic in the amount of 5% by weight or an active clay is then added as well as 0. 66% of the dispersant sodium laurate, which is a sodium salt of lauric acid sulphonate. Other alternative dispersants include fatty amines and alkyl a~ines. At ambient temperatures, the water, dispersant and s~abilizer are premixed until all are dissolved. Then, while the mixer is still running, 47.17% by weight of the pi~ent black iron oxide or a metallic salt pigment is added and the entire mixture is then mixed for up to about one hour, for example, until it is uniform and homogeneous whereupon it will have a predetermined specific gravity.
Next, the material is pumped into a high speed or high energy mill such as a stone mill, for ex2mple, to reduce the particle size of the pigment compGnent of the slurry 2a down into the micron range. This can be checked by the use of a grinding "wedge" or other gauge. Pre erably, the particle size distribution should include largest particles with a maximum dimension of about 40 microns, large particles whose average size is about 25 microns, smaller particles whose average size is in the 1-2 micron range, and smallest particles down to a minimum size of about 0.5 microns. If the particle distribution is generally higher than these r2nges, the coloring strength of the slurry is adversely affected. If the sizes of ~lZ~9~.2 the particles are generally below these ranges they may be washed out of dried concrete by normal weathering.
The procedure described above may also be applied to many other formulations such as are set forth in the following examples:
Example 2 Black Iron Oxide47.17 Water 47.73 Gum Arabic 5 00 Sodium Laurate 0.10 Example 3 Carbon Black 20.00 Water 76.60 Gum Arabic 0.4%
Ethylene Oxide Condensate 3.0%
Example 4 Carbon Black 25.0%
Water 59.0%
Alginate L,V. 15.0%
Sodium Laurate 1.0%
Example 5 Spanish Red Oxide80.0%
Water 12.69 Gum Arabic 7.0%
Ethylene Oxide Condensate 0.4%
1~249~Z
Examplè 6 Red Oxide (Natural) 60.00 Water 30.00 Gum Arabic 9.20 Sodium Laurate 0~80 Example 7 Red Oxide (Synthetic) 50.00 Water - 47 oo Gum Arabic 2. 80 Sodium Laurate 0.20 Example 8 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47-00 (i.e. yellow iron oxide) Water 49.5%
Gum Arabic 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 9 t Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Sodium Alginate (Manute RS) 3.2%
Sodium Laurate O.3%
Example lO
Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47. OO
Water 49.5%.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose3.2%
(CMC) High Viscosity grade Sodium Laurate 0.37 l~Z~9~Z
Example 11 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49 5%
Gum Arabic 3.4%
Triethanolamine 0.1%
Example 12 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49,5%
Gum Guar 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 13 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Gum Tragacanth 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 14 Yellow Oxide ~Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Locust Bean Gum 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 15 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00 Water 49.5%
Dextrine 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
1~249'~Z
Example 16 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47 00%
Water 49.5%
Potato Starch 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 17 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00%
Water 49.5%
Polyvinyl Alcohol 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
Example 18 Yellow Oxide (Synthetic) 47.00%
Water 49.5%
Polyvinyl Pyrolidone 3.2%
Sodium Laurate 0.3%
While it might be possible to make a cement coloring composition without using a dispersant such as those mentioned above, preferred embodiments of the present invention do employ them as they help the slurry to keep its suspended state for long periods of time, and they allow more of the pigment to be incorporated into the slurry. They also tend to prevent flocculation of the pigment when the slurry is added to the cement mix since the latter contains free calcium ions.
Less flocculation makes for more intense coloring of the cement mix.
It should be noted that, while the foregoing examples and description only have mentioned water as the liquid carrier for the slurry, aqueous solutions may alternatively be used.
Thus, aqueous solutions of various monohydric or polyhydric alcohols or ketones could be used instead of water alone for anti-freeze or other purposes. For example, methyl alcohol up to 15% by weight could be added to the water. Similarly aqueous solutions of acetone, glycols or glycerols could be substituted ~r water alone.
It is important that the viscosity of the formulation be controlled so as to insure that the formulation can be fluidized when being dispensed thereby to optimize the mixing of the formulation with the cement or concrete components.
The product is therefore checked as to its viscosity which should fall substantially within the limits (measured in poise) as shown in Fig. 2. While the data shown in the graph of Fig. 2 just deals with iron oxides, the desirable viscosity ranges for other pigments will also fall within the maximum and minimum ranges shown in that drawing. The data plotted on time ordinate in Fig. 2 was determined by the use of the "Rotothinner" brand viscometer manufactured by ICI. This viscometer works by detecting mechanical shear, not by the detection of heat generation.
The color quality of the slurry may be tested by adding to it a predetermined quantity of titanium dioxide (white) in the 3:1 - 5:1 ratio range. This measures the relative value of the color since a given sample may require a different amount of the coloring pigment to produce the same tint as another batch of the slurry.
_9_ ~'1249~2 Other usable stabilizers include active clays such as Bentonite, Kieselgur or Benagel, uncooked corn or wheat starch, water-soluble celluloses such as hydroxy ethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose,and polyvinyl pyrolidone.
Other usable dispersants include other fatty amines and alkylamines.
Optionally, other substances may also be added to impart desired characteristics to the composition. For example, a small percentage on the order of say, 4-7% of an anti-efflorescent agent such as barium carbonate can be added. Or small percentages (say about 2%) of water-repellent chemicals such as calcium stearate, aluminum stearate or silicones can be added to the pre-mix of the dispersant and the stabilizer in water or in the aqueous carrier.
Alternative Procedures and Equipment The premixing step may be alternatively accomplished by using a hydraulic, variable speed cavitation mixer such as those marketed by Torrance & Sons of Bristol, England or by Cowles in the United States. Present cavitation mixers are, however, somewhat limited in processing capacity.
The reduction of the particle size of the original slurry may be done by mills other than the stone mill.
Alternatively, a Premier brand colloid mill manufactured by Premier Colloid Mills or other types of comminuting apparatus may be employed. Stone mills may be those manufactured by Moorhouse in the United States or by Fryma in Switzerland, Ball mills or rod mills have also been satisfactorily used, but they have the disadvantage of requiring more processing time. Attrition mills such as sand mills or pearl mills also are effective, but also usually take longer than high speed mills or colloid mills.
l~Z~-2 Slurry Dispensing System As stated before, one of the main advantages of the present system and formulatlon is that thixotropic slurries of various main colors produced according to the present invention may be packaged in drums or other containers and the suspensions will not settle out for relatively long periods of time, i.e., on the order of 6-12 months. Thus, if the concrete or cement contractor wishes, he can keep perhaps 3-5 pigment slurries in individual drums, each slurry being operatively connected to a batching system which controls the amounts of said slurries to be added to the concrete mix. A
charging pump may be inserted into each drum of slurry connected through a delivery tube to a metering container or tube. The tube may for example, contain a first (higher) measuring probe connected to a batching control unit whose height is adjustable (or predetermined) depending upon the amount of slurry to be measured out. Operation of the charging pump delivers the slurry to the metering tube until it touches the lower end of said first measuring probe where-upon a circuit is actuated which cuts off the pump. Thecharging pump for applying the slurry to the metering tube may be an air-operated positive displacement piston pump such as thosemarketed by Graco, Inc. of Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Then thecontents of the metering tube start to be withdrawn from the metering tube by the action of a dispensing pump (controlled by the batching unit) and to be applied (with water) to a concrete mixer of any conventional type. When the level of the metered slurry falls below the lower end of a second probe coupled to the batching unit, a signal is generated which stops the dispensing pump.
49~12 If the contents of the slurry drum have not been used for excessive lengths of time, it may be advisable to insert a recycling valve branching off from the output of the charging pump and being connected to a recycling tube which returns to the drum. The return of the slurry back to the drum will produce a certain amount of agitation of the contents of the drum.
Instead of the batching system described above, it is also possible to use a positive displacement pump of the said Graco type or of the "Mono" brand type marketed by Mono Pumps Ltd. of Great Britain. The latter pump is also marketed in the United States under the "Moyno"
brand by Robbins and Meyers. The pump is set to run for a timed period so that, since the rate of flow is known, the amount of pumping time required to produce a given volume can easily be calculated. The timers may be wired to the electric motor starters of the pumps.
Still another method is to pump the slurry around a continuous circuit via a three-way valve which is air or electrically operated. The valve is connected to a timer that can switch it from continuous circuit to injection by-pass, either straight into the mixing apparatus or indirectly, via a weighing scale, into the mixer so as to provide a double check on the quantity required for addition.
Claims (25)
1. Coloring compositions for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising:
(a) about 20-80% by weight of a solid particulate pigment, (b) about 0.4-15% by weight of a stabilizer, (c) about 0.1-3% by weight of a dispersant, and (d) about 12-77% by weight of an aqueous carrier, which have been mixed and milled to form a thixotropic slurry.
(a) about 20-80% by weight of a solid particulate pigment, (b) about 0.4-15% by weight of a stabilizer, (c) about 0.1-3% by weight of a dispersant, and (d) about 12-77% by weight of an aqueous carrier, which have been mixed and milled to form a thixotropic slurry.
2. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said stabilizer is at least one material of the group consisting of active clays, natural products of the alginate group, starches, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, synthetic polymers of the polyvinyl type, or natural gums soluble in an aqueous carrier.
3. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said pigments consist of at least one of the group consisting of metallic oxides and metallic salts.
4. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said pigment consists of carbon black.
5. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said dispersant is at least one material of the solute group consisting of a condensate of polyethylene oxide, fatty amines, alkylamines, or sulfonated soaps.
6. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous carrier is water.
7. The method of making a coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising the steps of;
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant and soluble stabilizer in an aqueous carrier until the dispersant and stabilizer are dissolved, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment into the solution until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting the uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predetermined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant and soluble stabilizer in an aqueous carrier until the dispersant and stabilizer are dissolved, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment into the solution until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting the uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predetermined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
8. A thixotropic coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising:
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is a natural gum or resin soluble in an aqueous carrier, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is a natural gum or resin soluble in an aqueous carrier, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
9. A thixotropic coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising:
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is a starch, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is a starch, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
10. A thixotropic composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising (a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is a water soluble alginate, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
11. A thixotropic coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising;
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is an active clay, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
(a) a solid particulate pigment, (b) a stabilizer present in the range of about 0.4-15% by weight and is an active clay, (c) a dispersant, and (d) an aqueous carrier.
12. The composition according to claim 8 wherein said dispersant is present in the range of about 0.1 -3%
by weight.
by weight.
13. The composition according to claim 12 wherein said dispersant is triethanolamine.
14. The composition according to claim 12 wherein said dispersant is a sulfonated soap.
15. The composition according to claim 12 wherein said dispersant is sodium laurate.
16. The composition according to claim 12 wherein said dispersant is an ethylene oxide condensate.
17. The composition according to claim 12 wherein said dispersant is a fatty amine.
18. The method according to claim 7 wherein said (a) step is performed by a low energy mixing apparatus.
19. The method according to claim 7 wherein said (b) step is performed by a low energy mixing apparatus.
20. The method according to claim 7 wherein said (c) step is performed until the sizes of said pigment are in the range of about 0.5-40 microns.
21. The method according to claim 7 wherein said (c) step is performed until the size of the smallest particles of said pigment is reduced to a minimum size of about 0.5 microns.
22. The method according to claim 7 wherein said (c) step is performed until the size of most of the largest particles of said pigment do not exceed 40 microns.
23. The method of making a coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising the steps of:
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant and a non-soluble stabilizer in an aqueous carrier until a homogenous suspension is formed, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment into said suspension until a uniform suspension is obtained, and (c) subjecting the uniform suspension to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predeter-mined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant and a non-soluble stabilizer in an aqueous carrier until a homogenous suspension is formed, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment into said suspension until a uniform suspension is obtained, and (c) subjecting the uniform suspension to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predeter-mined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
24. The method of making a coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes comprising the steps of;
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant uniformly with a stabilizer in an aqueous carrier, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment with the product of step (a) until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting the uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predeter-mined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
(a) mixing a soluble dispersant uniformly with a stabilizer in an aqueous carrier, (b) mixing a solid particulate pigment with the product of step (a) until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting the uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a predeter-mined micron size range, whereupon a thixotropic slurry is formed characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
25. A thixotropic coloring composition for concrete or cementitious mixes made by the following process:
(a) mixing 0.1-3% by weight of a soluble dispersant and 0.4-15% by weight of a soluble stabilizer in 12-77% by weight of an aqueous carrier until the dispersant and stabilizer are dissolved, (b) mixing 20-80% by weight of a solid particulate pigment into the solution until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting said uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a size within the range of 0.5-40 microns thereby producing a thixotropic slurry characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
(a) mixing 0.1-3% by weight of a soluble dispersant and 0.4-15% by weight of a soluble stabilizer in 12-77% by weight of an aqueous carrier until the dispersant and stabilizer are dissolved, (b) mixing 20-80% by weight of a solid particulate pigment into the solution until the mixture is uniform, and (c) subjecting said uniform mixture to high energy milling to reduce the pigment particles to a size within the range of 0.5-40 microns thereby producing a thixotropic slurry characterized by prolonged resistance to settling-out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA316,442A CA1124912A (en) | 1978-11-17 | 1978-11-17 | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA316,442A CA1124912A (en) | 1978-11-17 | 1978-11-17 | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1124912A true CA1124912A (en) | 1982-06-01 |
Family
ID=4112971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA316,442A Expired CA1124912A (en) | 1978-11-17 | 1978-11-17 | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1124912A (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-11-17 CA CA316,442A patent/CA1124912A/en not_active Expired
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4204876A (en) | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same | |
| EP2411803B1 (en) | Mixer waveform analysis for monitoring and controlling concrete | |
| EP2790884B1 (en) | Multivariate management of entrained air and rheology in cementitious mixes | |
| CA1131658A (en) | Plaster consistency reducer | |
| CN101311230A (en) | Pigment preparations of paste-like or gel-form consistency | |
| JPH09124970A (en) | Composition and method for dispersing pigment in cement-basecompound | |
| CN206170320U (en) | Agitating unit of tertiary sand concrete | |
| MX2008006468A (en) | Pigment preparations of paste-like or gel-form consistency. | |
| PL81523B1 (en) | ||
| US4666964A (en) | Method for producing free-flowing water-soluble polymer gels | |
| EP0394785B1 (en) | Means and process for automatic coloring of concrete | |
| GB2065692A (en) | Cement colouring composition | |
| CA1124912A (en) | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same | |
| GB2065157A (en) | Method of Producing Cement Colouring Composition | |
| US6201050B1 (en) | Breakable gel additive carrier for ionic compositions | |
| CN1037069C (en) | Continuous concrete mixing equipment | |
| US4525509A (en) | Method for producing free-flowing, water-soluble polymer gels | |
| CN216230101U (en) | Intelligent integrated efficient concrete preparation equipment | |
| CN1057249A (en) | Paper clay | |
| CN209352810U (en) | A kind of polymer emulsion water-repellent paint process units | |
| CN113185249A (en) | Preparation method of gypsum-based shrinkage-free self-leveling mortar | |
| US4904715A (en) | Method for producing free-flowing, water-soluble polymer gels | |
| HU182932B (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling the calibration of mixture components at concrete production | |
| CN216899161U (en) | Batching and weighing equipment for cement-based self-leveling mortar production | |
| EP1401783B1 (en) | Breakable gel additive carrier for ionic compositions |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |