CA1124277A - Non-counterfeitable documents - Google Patents
Non-counterfeitable documentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1124277A CA1124277A CA331,026A CA331026A CA1124277A CA 1124277 A CA1124277 A CA 1124277A CA 331026 A CA331026 A CA 331026A CA 1124277 A CA1124277 A CA 1124277A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- background
- invalidating
- legible
- per inch
- lines per
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
NON-COUNTERFEITABLE DOCUMENTS
ABSTRACT
An invalidating marking appears on photorepro-ductions of security documents such as checks, bonds, stock certificates, lottery tickets, and currency. The invalidating marking is disguised on the original by use of disguising markings and printing the invalidating mark and the background with different line screen frequencies.
ABSTRACT
An invalidating marking appears on photorepro-ductions of security documents such as checks, bonds, stock certificates, lottery tickets, and currency. The invalidating marking is disguised on the original by use of disguising markings and printing the invalidating mark and the background with different line screen frequencies.
Description
'7 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of Invention There is a widespread need for security papers which cannot be counterfeited by photocopy methods. Banking institutions, security firms, and government agencies are alarmed by the capability of : ~ present-day copiers such as the Xerox 6500 Color Copier to make faithful color reproductions of bank drafts, stocks and bonds, currency, and the like. As a specific example, dollar bills have been copied and the copies successfully used in bill changers. Commercial printers of checks are actively searching for methods of producing acceptably attractive checks which cannot be faithfully reproduced by color copiers and any reproduction is readily discernible as a counterfeit.
Prior Art Several approaches have been used to prevent the reproduction of documents. Godlewski et al., U.S.
Patent No. 3,852,088 uses a special ink for printing on indicia which does not copy well in the Xerox 2400 or the IBM Copier. This depends on the novel combina-tion of the ink and background color of the document.
Braun, U. S. Patent No.3,831,007 describes documents which are made non-reproducible through the use of groups of parallel lines combined with other groups of paral lel: lines, which groups are not parallel to each other.
The spacings between the lines are such that the sensors in the photocopiers will not operate to give faithful reproduction of the lined original. Ludlow Paper Co., Needham, Mass., has manufactured a paper called Copy-Trol which is claimed to be copy-proof. The paper is 31~ fQ~ Qk .
deep cocoa in color. Fitchburg Paper Co., Fitchburg, Mass., has also manufactured a similar type paper which they sell under the name of "No Copy" paper. These processes result in products which are not readily ac-cepted by the banking and securities industries. The esthetics of the products are not attractive due to color, distracting lines and other markings, lack of clarity in printing,etc.
Since the lens of the Xerox 6500 will copy and reproduce a screen of 100 lines per inch, but will not produce a screen of 200 lines per inch, Xerox recom-mends using two different screen frequencies in the background of a document. The word "Void" is screened at 100 lines and the balance of the background at 200 lines. When the document is copied, the 200 line screen will drop out and leave only the word "Void" in the background of the copied document. Two problems result from this method. The word "Void" is noticeable on the document due to the different frequency screens.
This is ob~ectionable to the banks and may also result in the original being considered fraudulent. The second problem is the difficulty of producing and holding a good quality 200 line screen on rotary wet offset or litho presses.
It would be desirable to produce documents, which are esthetically attractive, without lines or other matter distracting from the message on the document.
It is further desirable to not have the invalidating code appear on the original document. A further desired property is the direct appearance of an invalidating ccde such as "Void" clearly discernible on a fraudulent copy.
~.Z~27'7 SUMMARY OF' T~IE INVENTION
According to the invention, these objectives are achieved by producing an original document which, in appearance, is indistinguishable from the security forms now used, but which is characterized in that copies differ considerably from the original by showing a clearly discernible invalidating mark such as the word "Void."
A first step of the method of the invention is forming a composite negative which is used in preparing the printing plate.
A first negative is imprinted with two different screen fre-quencies, one for invalidating the document copy and a second as a background pattern. A second negative containing a camouflage pattern is superimposed over the first negative. This composite is then used to create the final background negative from which an offset plate can be made. A wide range of standard colors can be used to print the background of the document, and the invalidating code such as "Void" is plainly discernible only on the photocopy of the original.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for preventing the counterfeiting of documents through use of office copiers, and comprising preprinting an original document with background which includes an invalidating mark, said mark being effectively camouflaged in the original document as viewed visually but being clearly discernible in xerographic and photocopies made from the original document, said process including the steps of: imprinting on said original document a background having two different indicia at two different screen frequencies, said indicia comprising an invalidating legend printed at a first screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, and a background pattern printed at a second screen frequency, said second screen frequency being higher than said first screen S ~ ,6 ~.2~zt7~
frequency and in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, to provide a composite camouflage background, imprint-ing a camouflaging pattern on said document, and overprinting on said background to provide a final document containing selectable information.
In accordance with the prevent invention, there is also provided an article comprising a document imprinted with multiple indicia including a. an invalidating legend imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, b. a background pattern imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, c. a camouflaging pattern of spaced irregularly shaped areas, and an overprint containing selectable legible information;
whereby said invalidating legend is essentially indiscernible as viewed in the original document but is readily visible and legible in photocopies of said document.
Field of Invention There is a widespread need for security papers which cannot be counterfeited by photocopy methods. Banking institutions, security firms, and government agencies are alarmed by the capability of : ~ present-day copiers such as the Xerox 6500 Color Copier to make faithful color reproductions of bank drafts, stocks and bonds, currency, and the like. As a specific example, dollar bills have been copied and the copies successfully used in bill changers. Commercial printers of checks are actively searching for methods of producing acceptably attractive checks which cannot be faithfully reproduced by color copiers and any reproduction is readily discernible as a counterfeit.
Prior Art Several approaches have been used to prevent the reproduction of documents. Godlewski et al., U.S.
Patent No. 3,852,088 uses a special ink for printing on indicia which does not copy well in the Xerox 2400 or the IBM Copier. This depends on the novel combina-tion of the ink and background color of the document.
Braun, U. S. Patent No.3,831,007 describes documents which are made non-reproducible through the use of groups of parallel lines combined with other groups of paral lel: lines, which groups are not parallel to each other.
The spacings between the lines are such that the sensors in the photocopiers will not operate to give faithful reproduction of the lined original. Ludlow Paper Co., Needham, Mass., has manufactured a paper called Copy-Trol which is claimed to be copy-proof. The paper is 31~ fQ~ Qk .
deep cocoa in color. Fitchburg Paper Co., Fitchburg, Mass., has also manufactured a similar type paper which they sell under the name of "No Copy" paper. These processes result in products which are not readily ac-cepted by the banking and securities industries. The esthetics of the products are not attractive due to color, distracting lines and other markings, lack of clarity in printing,etc.
Since the lens of the Xerox 6500 will copy and reproduce a screen of 100 lines per inch, but will not produce a screen of 200 lines per inch, Xerox recom-mends using two different screen frequencies in the background of a document. The word "Void" is screened at 100 lines and the balance of the background at 200 lines. When the document is copied, the 200 line screen will drop out and leave only the word "Void" in the background of the copied document. Two problems result from this method. The word "Void" is noticeable on the document due to the different frequency screens.
This is ob~ectionable to the banks and may also result in the original being considered fraudulent. The second problem is the difficulty of producing and holding a good quality 200 line screen on rotary wet offset or litho presses.
It would be desirable to produce documents, which are esthetically attractive, without lines or other matter distracting from the message on the document.
It is further desirable to not have the invalidating code appear on the original document. A further desired property is the direct appearance of an invalidating ccde such as "Void" clearly discernible on a fraudulent copy.
~.Z~27'7 SUMMARY OF' T~IE INVENTION
According to the invention, these objectives are achieved by producing an original document which, in appearance, is indistinguishable from the security forms now used, but which is characterized in that copies differ considerably from the original by showing a clearly discernible invalidating mark such as the word "Void."
A first step of the method of the invention is forming a composite negative which is used in preparing the printing plate.
A first negative is imprinted with two different screen fre-quencies, one for invalidating the document copy and a second as a background pattern. A second negative containing a camouflage pattern is superimposed over the first negative. This composite is then used to create the final background negative from which an offset plate can be made. A wide range of standard colors can be used to print the background of the document, and the invalidating code such as "Void" is plainly discernible only on the photocopy of the original.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for preventing the counterfeiting of documents through use of office copiers, and comprising preprinting an original document with background which includes an invalidating mark, said mark being effectively camouflaged in the original document as viewed visually but being clearly discernible in xerographic and photocopies made from the original document, said process including the steps of: imprinting on said original document a background having two different indicia at two different screen frequencies, said indicia comprising an invalidating legend printed at a first screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, and a background pattern printed at a second screen frequency, said second screen frequency being higher than said first screen S ~ ,6 ~.2~zt7~
frequency and in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, to provide a composite camouflage background, imprint-ing a camouflaging pattern on said document, and overprinting on said background to provide a final document containing selectable information.
In accordance with the prevent invention, there is also provided an article comprising a document imprinted with multiple indicia including a. an invalidating legend imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, b. a background pattern imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, c. a camouflaging pattern of spaced irregularly shaped areas, and an overprint containing selectable legible information;
whereby said invalidating legend is essentially indiscernible as viewed in the original document but is readily visible and legible in photocopies of said document.
2 0 THE PREFERRED E~lBODI~lENT
The negative used in producing the final offset printing plate was made from a composite of negatives. A first negative was prepared in which the word "Void," "copy," etc., was screened at 85 lines per inch, (range of 85 to 100 lines per inch is suitable). The screen value or size of the dot can be varied from 20 to 40 percent. Preferably, the letters of "Void,"
etc. should be staggered to make the camouflage more effective.
A background was then screened at 133 lines per inch.
-3a-i ~J~
~L ~ . h~ 7 (Screen values from 130 to 150 lines per inch are sui-~-able, but always at higher frequency than used for the word "Void") Then a second negative was prepared con-taining a camouflage pattern consisting of blotches or shapes having no set pattern but creating definite line openings running through the entire background.
A pattern which simulates parchment is quite satisfactory.
This second negative containing the camouflage pattern was superimposed on the first negative containing the two frequency screens and the word "Void," etc. A final background negative was produced in which the word "Void"
is completely camouflaged~ This order of processing is important successfully to camouflage the word "Void," etc.
The composite negative was used to make the background offset printing plate. The final documents, which may be printed by conventional techniques, for example, by rotary offset, cannot be photocopied without the invali-dating legend "Void" being clearly reproduced.
The following illustrative examples show suit-able screen frequencies, screen ratios, screen values or dot sizes, and colors for the camouflage background.
Checks were printed and copies were made on the Xerox 6500 Color Copier, the Xerox 3100 LDC black and white copier, and the~IBM Copier II in which the word "Void", was essentially indiscernible on the original check, but was clearly legible on photocopies.
6 ~n~
427~
Vo1d Legibility __ h I ~ a~ a) :I S l o ~ X X
~1 U O ~ O O O O ~rl X O ~d ~ O O O t.) S~ S~ O ~ ~.
m ~ ~ m O H
H ~_) H
1gold 133 line, 100 line, legiblestrong fair 30% dot 30% dot strong 2 yellow " "legible strong blank weak
The negative used in producing the final offset printing plate was made from a composite of negatives. A first negative was prepared in which the word "Void," "copy," etc., was screened at 85 lines per inch, (range of 85 to 100 lines per inch is suitable). The screen value or size of the dot can be varied from 20 to 40 percent. Preferably, the letters of "Void,"
etc. should be staggered to make the camouflage more effective.
A background was then screened at 133 lines per inch.
-3a-i ~J~
~L ~ . h~ 7 (Screen values from 130 to 150 lines per inch are sui-~-able, but always at higher frequency than used for the word "Void") Then a second negative was prepared con-taining a camouflage pattern consisting of blotches or shapes having no set pattern but creating definite line openings running through the entire background.
A pattern which simulates parchment is quite satisfactory.
This second negative containing the camouflage pattern was superimposed on the first negative containing the two frequency screens and the word "Void," etc. A final background negative was produced in which the word "Void"
is completely camouflaged~ This order of processing is important successfully to camouflage the word "Void," etc.
The composite negative was used to make the background offset printing plate. The final documents, which may be printed by conventional techniques, for example, by rotary offset, cannot be photocopied without the invali-dating legend "Void" being clearly reproduced.
The following illustrative examples show suit-able screen frequencies, screen ratios, screen values or dot sizes, and colors for the camouflage background.
Checks were printed and copies were made on the Xerox 6500 Color Copier, the Xerox 3100 LDC black and white copier, and the~IBM Copier II in which the word "Void", was essentially indiscernible on the original check, but was clearly legible on photocopies.
6 ~n~
427~
Vo1d Legibility __ h I ~ a~ a) :I S l o ~ X X
~1 U O ~ O O O O ~rl X O ~d ~ O O O t.) S~ S~ O ~ ~.
m ~ ~ m O H
H ~_) H
1gold 133 line, 100 line, legiblestrong fair 30% dot 30% dot strong 2 yellow " "legible strong blank weak
3 orange " "legible legible legible fair faint fair
4. brown " "legible legible legible fair fair fair
5 red " "legible legible legible fair fair strong
6 purple " "legible legible legible strong fair fair
7 blue " "legible legible legible fair faint fair
8 blue " "legible blank legible fair faint
9 green " "legible legible legible fair fair faint
10 grey " "legible legible barely legible
11 blue " "legible faint legible fair fair
12 rose " "legible legible legible fair fair faint
13 gold133 line,100 line,legible legible legible 40% dot 30% dotstrong strong fair
14 grey " "legible legible legible fair fair faint
15 light " "legible legible legible blue #l fair faint faint
16 light " "legible legible legible blue #2 ! fair faint faint ~7~J
Vold L gibility a, a) x x o.Y ~ ~~ ~ a) o o o o ,~
~I t) O ~I h rl ~1 ~ o ~ o ~ ~, X O~ ~ VO O r~ m O H
~ ~m ~ u~ x ~ ~ ~ H ~_) H
7 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 40% dot pattern 200% fair fair strong 100 line, 30% dot 18 green " " legible none faint strong 19 blue" " legible nonelegible strong 20 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 10% dot pattern 200%, faint faint faint 100 line, 10% dot 21 green " " legible none none 22 blue" " legible nonelegible faint faint 23 red " camouflage legible legible legible pattern 150%, fair faint faint 100 line, 10% dot 24 green " " legible - legible fair faint blue" " legible - legible fair faint 6 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 40% dot pattern 150% strong faint fair 100 line, 30% dot 27 green " " legible - legible strong faint 28 blue!1 11 legible faint faint fair .2 ~J~
Void_Legibility a X X
o .Y ~ ~ ~ ~ a) o o o o r~
O ~ O S~ O
x o ~ ~ o o o o ~ m o H
~ ~H ~ H
29 green133 line,85 line, legible fair fair 30% dot 30% dot weak 30 red " " strong faint fair 31 blue " " fair- weak strong 32 purple " " strong fair fair 33 gold " " fair- fair faint strong 34 grey " " strong fair fair
Vold L gibility a, a) x x o.Y ~ ~~ ~ a) o o o o ,~
~I t) O ~I h rl ~1 ~ o ~ o ~ ~, X O~ ~ VO O r~ m O H
~ ~m ~ u~ x ~ ~ ~ H ~_) H
7 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 40% dot pattern 200% fair fair strong 100 line, 30% dot 18 green " " legible none faint strong 19 blue" " legible nonelegible strong 20 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 10% dot pattern 200%, faint faint faint 100 line, 10% dot 21 green " " legible none none 22 blue" " legible nonelegible faint faint 23 red " camouflage legible legible legible pattern 150%, fair faint faint 100 line, 10% dot 24 green " " legible - legible fair faint blue" " legible - legible fair faint 6 red 133 line, camouflage legible legible legible 40% dot pattern 150% strong faint fair 100 line, 30% dot 27 green " " legible - legible strong faint 28 blue!1 11 legible faint faint fair .2 ~J~
Void_Legibility a X X
o .Y ~ ~ ~ ~ a) o o o o r~
O ~ O S~ O
x o ~ ~ o o o o ~ m o H
~ ~H ~ H
29 green133 line,85 line, legible fair fair 30% dot 30% dot weak 30 red " " strong faint fair 31 blue " " fair- weak strong 32 purple " " strong fair fair 33 gold " " fair- fair faint strong 34 grey " " strong fair fair
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for preventing the counterfeit-ing of documents through use of office copiers, and com-prising preprinting an original document with back-ground which includes an invalidating mark, said mark being effectively camouflaged in the original document as viewed visually but being clearly discernible in xerographic and photocopies made from the original docu-ment, said process including the steps of:
imprinting on said original document a back-ground having two different indicia at two different screen frequencies, said indicia comprising an invalidating legend printed at a first screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, and a background pattern printed at a second screen frequency, said second screen frequency being higher than said first screen frequency and in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, to provide a com-posite camouflage background, imprinting a camouflaging pattern on said docu-ment, and overprinting on said background to provide a final document containing selectable information.
imprinting on said original document a back-ground having two different indicia at two different screen frequencies, said indicia comprising an invalidating legend printed at a first screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, and a background pattern printed at a second screen frequency, said second screen frequency being higher than said first screen frequency and in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, to provide a com-posite camouflage background, imprinting a camouflaging pattern on said docu-ment, and overprinting on said background to provide a final document containing selectable information.
2. The process as set forth in claim 1 wherein an offset printing technique is used employing a plurality of negatives, said process including pre-paring a first negative depicting an invalidating mark and a background, said invalidating mark being screened at a frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, and said background being screened at a frequency from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, preparing a second negative having no set pat-tern and serving as a mask for said invalidating mark, and superimposing said first and said second negatives to provide a background negative in which the invalidating mark is effectively camouflaged, preparing a background offset printing plate from said background negatives, and printing selectable document indicia and mess-ages on a background defined by said background offset plate, to provide a final document.
3. The process as set forth in claim 1 wherein dots produced through said screening include dots vary-ing in size from about 20% to about 40% in particular embodiments of the invention.
4. The process as set forth in claim l wherein said invalidating legend includes letters which are stag-gered to facilitate camouflaging thereof.
5. The process as set forth in claim 1 wherein said invalidating legend is imprinted at a screen fre-quency of 85 lines per inch and said background pattern is imprinted at a screen frequency of 133 lines per inch.
6. An article comprising a document imprinted with multiple indicia including a. an invalidating legend imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 130 to about 150 lines per inch, b. a background pattern imprinted at a screen frequency in the range of from about 85 to about 100 lines per inch, c. a camouflaging pattern of spaced irregularly shaped areas, and an overprint containing selectable legible information;
whereby said invalidating legend is essentially indiscernible as viewed in the original document but is readily visible and legible in photocopies of said docu-ment.
whereby said invalidating legend is essentially indiscernible as viewed in the original document but is readily visible and legible in photocopies of said docu-ment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,026A CA1124277A (en) | 1979-07-03 | 1979-07-03 | Non-counterfeitable documents |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,026A CA1124277A (en) | 1979-07-03 | 1979-07-03 | Non-counterfeitable documents |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1124277A true CA1124277A (en) | 1982-05-25 |
Family
ID=4114604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,026A Expired CA1124277A (en) | 1979-07-03 | 1979-07-03 | Non-counterfeitable documents |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1124277A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-07-03 CA CA331,026A patent/CA1124277A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |