CA1120430A - Electrode suspension bar - Google Patents
Electrode suspension barInfo
- Publication number
- CA1120430A CA1120430A CA000344229A CA344229A CA1120430A CA 1120430 A CA1120430 A CA 1120430A CA 000344229 A CA000344229 A CA 000344229A CA 344229 A CA344229 A CA 344229A CA 1120430 A CA1120430 A CA 1120430A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- block
- suspension bar
- bar
- copper
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Cr].[Cu] GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- PLZFHNWCKKPCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium copper Chemical compound [Cu].[Cd] PLZFHNWCKKPCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract M 30604 Electrode suspension bars A hanger bar for use in electrolytic copper or zinc production cells comprising a steel reinforced bar with extra reinforcement at the contact points, the extra reinforcement being provided by a block of copper or a copper alloy having greater strength than the remainder of the bar.
Description
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Electrode suspension bars This invention relates to electrode suspension bars, particularly, but not exclusively, to suspension bars Eor lead anodes and for copper cathodes used in electrolytic copper production, and for lead anodes used in electrolytic zinc production.
` Conventionally, lead anodes for use in metal winning are cast around hard-drawn copper suspension bars which are supported at their extremities and contacted electrically by a current supplying busbar.
Suspension bars made entirely of hard-drawn copper, and of sufficient cross-sectional area to carry the required electric current, are usually strong enough to carry the full weight of the anode. During the process, however, the copper becomes annealed, -; 25 especially at the end of the suspension bar where the , current is introduced. Bending of the bar during normal use may result, and more damage may be caused by mishandling when, for example, anodes are dropped or lowered too rapidly into a cell.
Similarly drawn copper bars, sometimes tubular, are used for suspending looped copper starter ~, .
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Electrode suspension bars This invention relates to electrode suspension bars, particularly, but not exclusively, to suspension bars Eor lead anodes and for copper cathodes used in electrolytic copper production, and for lead anodes used in electrolytic zinc production.
` Conventionally, lead anodes for use in metal winning are cast around hard-drawn copper suspension bars which are supported at their extremities and contacted electrically by a current supplying busbar.
Suspension bars made entirely of hard-drawn copper, and of sufficient cross-sectional area to carry the required electric current, are usually strong enough to carry the full weight of the anode. During the process, however, the copper becomes annealed, -; 25 especially at the end of the suspension bar where the , current is introduced. Bending of the bar during normal use may result, and more damage may be caused by mishandling when, for example, anodes are dropped or lowered too rapidly into a cell.
Similarly drawn copper bars, sometimes tubular, are used for suspending looped copper starter ~, .
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2 M 30604 sheets in copper winning and refining and these are softened and bent in service in similar manner -to the anode bars.
To provide extra strength, and for reasons of economy also, steel cored suspension bars are now being used. To avoid corrosion the steel core in such bars must be entirely enveloped by copper. Adequate current carrying capacity is ensured if the enveloping layer of copper is from 3 to Smm thick.
Occasionally, suspension bars made entirely of copper have notches at their ends to co-operate with a raised feature on the busbar. In this way location upon the busbar is facilitated, and electrical contact between the busbar and the suspension bar is lS improved. This practice has not hitherto been possible with steel cored suspension bars, however, because notching after enveloping with copper would expose some of the steel, and the application of a copper envelope to a steel bar already carrying a notch is not feasible.
, According to the invention we provide a suspension bar for an electrode sheet including a steel cor~ with a surrounding layer of copper~ the bar including, at the point adapted for contact with an electric current supply, a block of copper or of a copper alloy, said block being metallurgically bonded to the layer of copper, the block having on one side a notch transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bar, the steel core extending in a longitudinal direction beyond a part at least of the block on the side of the block opposite the notch.
Preferably the core extends in a longitudinal ,
To provide extra strength, and for reasons of economy also, steel cored suspension bars are now being used. To avoid corrosion the steel core in such bars must be entirely enveloped by copper. Adequate current carrying capacity is ensured if the enveloping layer of copper is from 3 to Smm thick.
Occasionally, suspension bars made entirely of copper have notches at their ends to co-operate with a raised feature on the busbar. In this way location upon the busbar is facilitated, and electrical contact between the busbar and the suspension bar is lS improved. This practice has not hitherto been possible with steel cored suspension bars, however, because notching after enveloping with copper would expose some of the steel, and the application of a copper envelope to a steel bar already carrying a notch is not feasible.
, According to the invention we provide a suspension bar for an electrode sheet including a steel cor~ with a surrounding layer of copper~ the bar including, at the point adapted for contact with an electric current supply, a block of copper or of a copper alloy, said block being metallurgically bonded to the layer of copper, the block having on one side a notch transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bar, the steel core extending in a longitudinal direction beyond a part at least of the block on the side of the block opposite the notch.
Preferably the core extends in a longitudinal ,
3 M 30604 direction beyond the tip of the notch~
The suspension bar of the invention may have a cross-section of any desired shape~ but is preferably of rectangular, or even square, section. In general the suspension bar will be about 1 to 2m in length and have a cross-sectional area of about 50Q to 1 OOOmm2.
The layer of copper surrounding the the steel core will ~onveniently be about 3 to 5mm thick.
Copper alloys of which the metallurgically bonded block may be formed include for example:
copper-cadmium alloys containing, for example, 0.8% by weight of cadmium;
copper-chromium alloys containing, for example, 0.6% by weight of chromium.
Such alloys are advantageously used for electrical contacts being only a little less conductive than copper, and more durable to the heat, arcing and abrasion at the contact point.
The metallurgical bond may be a welded or ;~ 20 brazed bond.
In a first embodiment of the invention the block of copper or alloy is included in the suspension bar as an insertion. Such a suspension bar may be made by cutting into a copper covered steel cored bar ~- 25 a transverse recess to fit the block, inserting the block and bonding tfor example welding) the inserted ~ block to the adjacent copper along the lines of ; contact~
In a second embodiment of the invention an L-shaped block of copper or alloy forms an end portion of the suspension bar, being accommodated onto a conversely shaped end of a copper covered steel cored bar and bonded (for example welded) to the adjacent i ~19~
The suspension bar of the invention may have a cross-section of any desired shape~ but is preferably of rectangular, or even square, section. In general the suspension bar will be about 1 to 2m in length and have a cross-sectional area of about 50Q to 1 OOOmm2.
The layer of copper surrounding the the steel core will ~onveniently be about 3 to 5mm thick.
Copper alloys of which the metallurgically bonded block may be formed include for example:
copper-cadmium alloys containing, for example, 0.8% by weight of cadmium;
copper-chromium alloys containing, for example, 0.6% by weight of chromium.
Such alloys are advantageously used for electrical contacts being only a little less conductive than copper, and more durable to the heat, arcing and abrasion at the contact point.
The metallurgical bond may be a welded or ;~ 20 brazed bond.
In a first embodiment of the invention the block of copper or alloy is included in the suspension bar as an insertion. Such a suspension bar may be made by cutting into a copper covered steel cored bar ~- 25 a transverse recess to fit the block, inserting the block and bonding tfor example welding) the inserted ~ block to the adjacent copper along the lines of ; contact~
In a second embodiment of the invention an L-shaped block of copper or alloy forms an end portion of the suspension bar, being accommodated onto a conversely shaped end of a copper covered steel cored bar and bonded (for example welded) to the adjacent i ~19~
4 M 30604 copper along the lines of contact. In this way the block functions as an end piece for the bar as well as an electrical contact point.
The nokch may be of triangular, square, rounded, or any other desired section.
The suspension bars of the invention are particularly useful for the support oE lead anodes, ; and may be shaped to provide a central region parallel to but spaced from the two end regions.
The present invention also provides a lead anode suspended on a steel cored hanger bar as herein - described.
The present invention further provides an electrolytic cell particularly an electrowinning cell incorporating anodes having hanger bars as herein described.
Specific examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which~
Flgure 1 is a perspective drawing of a first ~ example;
-~ Figure 2 is a perspective drawing of a second example; and Figure 3 is a front view of a lead anode in accordance with the invention.
:~i Figure 1 shows one end of a suspension bar indicated generally by the numeral 1, having a rectangular sectioned steel core 2 shown by the dotted lines, surrounded by an outer layer of copper 3. An end plate 4 of copper is welded to the copper layer 3 so that no steel is exposed at the end of the bar.
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block 5 of copper or of one of the aforementioned alloys, having a triangular notch 6 extending across its width, fits exactly into a machined recess close to the end of the bar and is secured in position by welding along the lines of contact with the adjacent copper layer.
The manufacture of such a suspension bar requires two separate welding operations, one to secure the end plate 4 and one to secure the block 5.
Figure 2 shows one end of a suspension bar indicated generally as ll. Over most of its length the bar has a steel core l2~ indicated by dotted lines, and a surrounding layer of copper 13. The end of the bar is formed by a copper block rectangular in section at its outer end 14, and formed with a portion 15 of smaller rectangular section so that it -is L-shaped in side view. ~ triangular notch 16 ~extends across the width of the block. The main ; 20 length of the bar is machined to provide a step with a tread to accommodate the L-shaped end block and form therewith a bar with uninterrupted smooth surfaces, except for the notch. Welding of the block to the copper surround along all lines of contact secures the block to the main length of the bar.
The manufacture of such a suspension bar requires only one welding operation as the block performs two functions, an end cap and a suspension point, and the total amount of welding needed can be less than that needed to make the suspension bar shown in Figure l.
A lead anode utilizing a hanger bar is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that the hanger bar is ' ~
; . , :, `
bent in the conventional fashion, with the central i region 20, which is embedded in the lead, being displaced from but parallel to the end portions 22 and 23. The electrode is then usable in an electrolytic cell.
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The nokch may be of triangular, square, rounded, or any other desired section.
The suspension bars of the invention are particularly useful for the support oE lead anodes, ; and may be shaped to provide a central region parallel to but spaced from the two end regions.
The present invention also provides a lead anode suspended on a steel cored hanger bar as herein - described.
The present invention further provides an electrolytic cell particularly an electrowinning cell incorporating anodes having hanger bars as herein described.
Specific examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which~
Flgure 1 is a perspective drawing of a first ~ example;
-~ Figure 2 is a perspective drawing of a second example; and Figure 3 is a front view of a lead anode in accordance with the invention.
:~i Figure 1 shows one end of a suspension bar indicated generally by the numeral 1, having a rectangular sectioned steel core 2 shown by the dotted lines, surrounded by an outer layer of copper 3. An end plate 4 of copper is welded to the copper layer 3 so that no steel is exposed at the end of the bar.
: . :................. .
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, ` , `
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block 5 of copper or of one of the aforementioned alloys, having a triangular notch 6 extending across its width, fits exactly into a machined recess close to the end of the bar and is secured in position by welding along the lines of contact with the adjacent copper layer.
The manufacture of such a suspension bar requires two separate welding operations, one to secure the end plate 4 and one to secure the block 5.
Figure 2 shows one end of a suspension bar indicated generally as ll. Over most of its length the bar has a steel core l2~ indicated by dotted lines, and a surrounding layer of copper 13. The end of the bar is formed by a copper block rectangular in section at its outer end 14, and formed with a portion 15 of smaller rectangular section so that it -is L-shaped in side view. ~ triangular notch 16 ~extends across the width of the block. The main ; 20 length of the bar is machined to provide a step with a tread to accommodate the L-shaped end block and form therewith a bar with uninterrupted smooth surfaces, except for the notch. Welding of the block to the copper surround along all lines of contact secures the block to the main length of the bar.
The manufacture of such a suspension bar requires only one welding operation as the block performs two functions, an end cap and a suspension point, and the total amount of welding needed can be less than that needed to make the suspension bar shown in Figure l.
A lead anode utilizing a hanger bar is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that the hanger bar is ' ~
; . , :, `
bent in the conventional fashion, with the central i region 20, which is embedded in the lead, being displaced from but parallel to the end portions 22 and 23. The electrode is then usable in an electrolytic cell.
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Claims (13)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A suspension bar for an electrode sheet including a steel core with a surrounding layer of copper, the bar including, at the point adapted for con-tact with an electric current supply, a block of copper or of a copper alloy, said block being metallurgically bonded to the layer of copper, the block having on one side a notch transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bar, the steel core extending in a longitudinal direction beyond a part at least of the block on the side of the block opposite the notch.
2. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the core extends in a longitudinal direction beyond the tip of the notch.
3. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 2 in which the steel core extends completely beyond the block.
4. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the steel core extends partially beyond the block.
5. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 2 in which the block is included in the suspension bar as an insertion.
6. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 5 in which the bar has a machined transverse recess into which the insert is located and welded.
7. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 4 in which the block is generally L-shaped and forms an end portion of the suspension bar, the suspension bar having a step, the tread portion of which supports the block on the side of the block opposite the notch, the block forming a combined end cap and support point.
8. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the block is formed of a copper alloy chosen from the group copper plus 0.8% cadmium and copper plus 0.6% chromium.
9. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the copper layer is 3 to 5mm thick.
10. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the length of the bar is in the region 1 to 2m.
11. A suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1 in which the metallurgical bond is formed by a weld or a braze.
12. A lead anode suspended on a steel cored suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5.
13. An electrolytic cell incorporating electrodes suspended on a steel cored suspension bar as claimed in Claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000344229A CA1120430A (en) | 1980-01-23 | 1980-01-23 | Electrode suspension bar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000344229A CA1120430A (en) | 1980-01-23 | 1980-01-23 | Electrode suspension bar |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1120430A true CA1120430A (en) | 1982-03-23 |
Family
ID=4116089
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000344229A Expired CA1120430A (en) | 1980-01-23 | 1980-01-23 | Electrode suspension bar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1120430A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3510183A4 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-06-03 | Glencore Technology Pty Limited | IMPROVEMENTS TO SUSPENSION BARS |
-
1980
- 1980-01-23 CA CA000344229A patent/CA1120430A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3510183A4 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-06-03 | Glencore Technology Pty Limited | IMPROVEMENTS TO SUSPENSION BARS |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |