CA1118172A - Self crimping yarn - Google Patents
Self crimping yarnInfo
- Publication number
- CA1118172A CA1118172A CA000312468A CA312468A CA1118172A CA 1118172 A CA1118172 A CA 1118172A CA 000312468 A CA000312468 A CA 000312468A CA 312468 A CA312468 A CA 312468A CA 1118172 A CA1118172 A CA 1118172A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- width
- given
- stream
- filament
- given width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
- D01D5/23—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool by asymmetrical cooling of filaments, threads, or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This invention provides improvements in a process of forming self-crimping yarns to increase the crimping effect of the yarns. The process involves melt spinning by the steps of first extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone. The molten stream comprises a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, the first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in the cooling zone, a second portion connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side and shielded from said quenching medium and having a width smaller than the given width and the thickness of the stream including the combined thicknesses of the first and the second portions in a direction normal to the given width being less than 70% of the given width.
The stream is solidified into a filament withdrawn at a given spinning speed and the filament collected.
This invention provides improvements in a process of forming self-crimping yarns to increase the crimping effect of the yarns. The process involves melt spinning by the steps of first extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone. The molten stream comprises a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, the first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in the cooling zone, a second portion connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side and shielded from said quenching medium and having a width smaller than the given width and the thickness of the stream including the combined thicknesses of the first and the second portions in a direction normal to the given width being less than 70% of the given width.
The stream is solidified into a filament withdrawn at a given spinning speed and the filament collected.
Description
The lnvention relates to melt-spinning of self-crimping yarns. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for such spinning wherein the crimping effect is increased.
It is known to produce self-crimping yarns by melt-spinning and producing differential quenching across the molten streams. Such prior art is typified by U.S. patents 3,135,646 and 3,623,939. The known processes, however, do not produce the maximum degree of crimp available.
In the present invention, the crimping effect is significantly increased by extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone, the molten stream comprising a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, the first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in the cooling zone, a second portion connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side and shielded from the quenching medium and having a width smaller than the given widthi the thickness of the stream including the combined thicknesses of the first and the second portions in a direction normal to the given width being less than 70~ of the given width; solidifying the molten stream into a filament; withdrawing the solidified filament from the molten stream at a given spinning speed; and collecting the filament in an orderly fashion.
It is known to produce self-crimping yarns by melt-spinning and producing differential quenching across the molten streams. Such prior art is typified by U.S. patents 3,135,646 and 3,623,939. The known processes, however, do not produce the maximum degree of crimp available.
In the present invention, the crimping effect is significantly increased by extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone, the molten stream comprising a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, the first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in the cooling zone, a second portion connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side and shielded from the quenching medium and having a width smaller than the given widthi the thickness of the stream including the combined thicknesses of the first and the second portions in a direction normal to the given width being less than 70~ of the given width; solidifying the molten stream into a filament; withdrawing the solidified filament from the molten stream at a given spinning speed; and collecting the filament in an orderly fashion.
2-~ 7 ~ ' The second portion is connected to the first portion by a web having a width less than ~he width of the second portion and the width of the second portion is less than 60~/~ of the given width.
The thickness of the stream is less than 60% of the given width with the cross-sectional area of the second portion within +
257 of the cross-sectional area of the first portion.
A preferred polymer stream is polyester and the given spinning speed is selected to give a shrinkage below 25%, preferably below 10%. The filament is forwarded to a draw zone and dra~n prior to the step of collecting the filament.
Reference should be made to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
:
Fl~URE 1 ~s a bottom plan view of a preferred s?lnneret ~or use in the process or the invention;
rIGU~E 2.is a sectional view of a typical fila~ent -.2de by the process cf the invention using the FIGURE 1 s-inn.eret;
~ IGURE 3 is a sectional view of a ypical filament ; -,2ce by the ?rocess of the invention using a slight modific2-. c~ o the FIGU~ 1 spinneret; and EIGUR~S 4 and 5 are plan views of other exemplary spi.nerets usable wi.h the process of the invention.
C-14-54-0290 ~ Lf2 The FIGURE 1 spinneret design comprises two helical slots 20 and 22 of opposed hand formed in plate 24. Slots 20 and 22 are closely spaced and have their nearest approach to one another at land area 26, which is near the midpoints of the two helices. Land area 26 is sufficiently narrow that the expansion due to die swell of the molten polymer issuing from slots 20 and 22 is sufficient to cause the streams to contact and unite into a composite stream. When slots 20 and 22 are 0.1 mm wide, land 26 at its narrowest may be 0.075 mm wide, for example.
As an example, polyethylene terephthalate polymer of normal molecular weight for apparel yarns is extruded at 290C.
through the FIGURE 1 capillary downwardly into a 1.5 meter quenching zone supplied with transverse quenching air at 20C., the air having a speed of 15 meters per minute. The spinneret is oriented such.that the air flows in thP direction of the arrow in FIGURE 1 and impinges on the outer portions of the helices while the inner por~ions of the helices are shielded from the quenching air. The molten stream solidifies into a filament which is withdrawn from the molten stream at a given spinning speed. With polyethylene terephthalate, this is preferably between 4,000 and 6,000 meters per minute to give a filament with a shrinkage below 25%, with maximum producti-vity attained when the spinning speed is sufficiently high that the shrinkage is below 10%.
Due to surface tension and other factors, the shape of the molten stream prior to solidification changes toward the final filament configurations shown in FIGURES 2 and 3.
If the inner ends of helical slots 20 and 2~ approach sufficiently close to the intermediate portions of the respective slots, the inner ends of the molten streams expand due to die swell and fuse to the intermediate portions of the respective streams, producing the FIGURE 2 filament. With a somewhat larger spacing, this fusion does not occur, and the FIGURE 3 filament results. Under particular extrusion and quenching conditions, a hybrid structure can be formed wherein one helix inner end fuses, as in FIGIJRE 2, while the other does not, as in FIGURE 3. Adjustment of the clearance between the inner ends of the helices and the intermediate portions of the helices can prevent formation of the hybrid, if desired.
According to the invention, crimp is maximized when the molten stream has a Ein-like portion 28 having a first side 30 having a given width 32 exposed to the quenching medium in the cooling zone, and a second portion 34 connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side 36 of fin-like portion 28 and shielded from the quenching medium, and having a width 38 smaller than the given width 32. It will thus be seen from the drawings that portion 28 protrudes from the portion 34. It is also necessary according to the invention that the molten stream have a thickness 40, including the thickness of portions 28 and 34 and in a direction normal to width 32, less than 70%
(optimally less than 60%) of width 32. Further improvement is noted when width 38 of portion 34 is less than 60% of width 32.
Maximum crimp is obtained when the cross-sectional area of portion 34 is within + 25~ of the cross-sectional area of portion 28. Depending on the configuration of the molten s-tream, it is sometimes preferable that portion 34 be connected to portion 28 by a web, as at 42 in FIGURE 3, since this can increase the difference in quenching rate between the two portions and thus increase the crimping effect.
FIGURES 4 and 5 illustrate other exemplary spinnerets according to the invention. Other things being equal, the FIGURE 5 spinneret will produce a more highly crimped filament than will the FIGURE 4 spinneret, since the ratio of width exposed to quenching to thickness will be greater.
.-14-54-0290 ~ ;2 The term "polyester" as used herein refers to polymers of iber-forming molecular weight composed of at least 85% by weight of an ester of a dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. Polyester can be made either by direct esterification of the acid with the alcohol, or by ester interchange, as is known.
The thickness of the stream is less than 60% of the given width with the cross-sectional area of the second portion within +
257 of the cross-sectional area of the first portion.
A preferred polymer stream is polyester and the given spinning speed is selected to give a shrinkage below 25%, preferably below 10%. The filament is forwarded to a draw zone and dra~n prior to the step of collecting the filament.
Reference should be made to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
:
Fl~URE 1 ~s a bottom plan view of a preferred s?lnneret ~or use in the process or the invention;
rIGU~E 2.is a sectional view of a typical fila~ent -.2de by the process cf the invention using the FIGURE 1 s-inn.eret;
~ IGURE 3 is a sectional view of a ypical filament ; -,2ce by the ?rocess of the invention using a slight modific2-. c~ o the FIGU~ 1 spinneret; and EIGUR~S 4 and 5 are plan views of other exemplary spi.nerets usable wi.h the process of the invention.
C-14-54-0290 ~ Lf2 The FIGURE 1 spinneret design comprises two helical slots 20 and 22 of opposed hand formed in plate 24. Slots 20 and 22 are closely spaced and have their nearest approach to one another at land area 26, which is near the midpoints of the two helices. Land area 26 is sufficiently narrow that the expansion due to die swell of the molten polymer issuing from slots 20 and 22 is sufficient to cause the streams to contact and unite into a composite stream. When slots 20 and 22 are 0.1 mm wide, land 26 at its narrowest may be 0.075 mm wide, for example.
As an example, polyethylene terephthalate polymer of normal molecular weight for apparel yarns is extruded at 290C.
through the FIGURE 1 capillary downwardly into a 1.5 meter quenching zone supplied with transverse quenching air at 20C., the air having a speed of 15 meters per minute. The spinneret is oriented such.that the air flows in thP direction of the arrow in FIGURE 1 and impinges on the outer portions of the helices while the inner por~ions of the helices are shielded from the quenching air. The molten stream solidifies into a filament which is withdrawn from the molten stream at a given spinning speed. With polyethylene terephthalate, this is preferably between 4,000 and 6,000 meters per minute to give a filament with a shrinkage below 25%, with maximum producti-vity attained when the spinning speed is sufficiently high that the shrinkage is below 10%.
Due to surface tension and other factors, the shape of the molten stream prior to solidification changes toward the final filament configurations shown in FIGURES 2 and 3.
If the inner ends of helical slots 20 and 2~ approach sufficiently close to the intermediate portions of the respective slots, the inner ends of the molten streams expand due to die swell and fuse to the intermediate portions of the respective streams, producing the FIGURE 2 filament. With a somewhat larger spacing, this fusion does not occur, and the FIGURE 3 filament results. Under particular extrusion and quenching conditions, a hybrid structure can be formed wherein one helix inner end fuses, as in FIGIJRE 2, while the other does not, as in FIGURE 3. Adjustment of the clearance between the inner ends of the helices and the intermediate portions of the helices can prevent formation of the hybrid, if desired.
According to the invention, crimp is maximized when the molten stream has a Ein-like portion 28 having a first side 30 having a given width 32 exposed to the quenching medium in the cooling zone, and a second portion 34 connected to an intermediate region of the opposite side 36 of fin-like portion 28 and shielded from the quenching medium, and having a width 38 smaller than the given width 32. It will thus be seen from the drawings that portion 28 protrudes from the portion 34. It is also necessary according to the invention that the molten stream have a thickness 40, including the thickness of portions 28 and 34 and in a direction normal to width 32, less than 70%
(optimally less than 60%) of width 32. Further improvement is noted when width 38 of portion 34 is less than 60% of width 32.
Maximum crimp is obtained when the cross-sectional area of portion 34 is within + 25~ of the cross-sectional area of portion 28. Depending on the configuration of the molten s-tream, it is sometimes preferable that portion 34 be connected to portion 28 by a web, as at 42 in FIGURE 3, since this can increase the difference in quenching rate between the two portions and thus increase the crimping effect.
FIGURES 4 and 5 illustrate other exemplary spinnerets according to the invention. Other things being equal, the FIGURE 5 spinneret will produce a more highly crimped filament than will the FIGURE 4 spinneret, since the ratio of width exposed to quenching to thickness will be greater.
.-14-54-0290 ~ ;2 The term "polyester" as used herein refers to polymers of iber-forming molecular weight composed of at least 85% by weight of an ester of a dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. Polyester can be made either by direct esterification of the acid with the alcohol, or by ester interchange, as is known.
Claims (9)
1. A process for melt spinning a self-crimping yarn characterized by:
a. extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone, said molten stream comprising:
(1) a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, said first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in said cooling zone;
(2) a second portion connected to an inter-mediate region of said opposite side and shielded from said quenching medium and having a width smaller than said given width;
(3) the thickness of said stream including the combined thicknesses of said first and said second portions in a direction normal to said given width being less than 70% of said given width;
b. solidifying said molten stream into a filament;
c. withdrawing said solidified filament at a given spinning speed; and d. collecting said filament.
a. extruding a molten polymer stream along its axis into a cooling zone, said molten stream comprising:
(1) a first fin-like portion having a first side and an opposite side, said first side having a given width exposed to a quenching medium in said cooling zone;
(2) a second portion connected to an inter-mediate region of said opposite side and shielded from said quenching medium and having a width smaller than said given width;
(3) the thickness of said stream including the combined thicknesses of said first and said second portions in a direction normal to said given width being less than 70% of said given width;
b. solidifying said molten stream into a filament;
c. withdrawing said solidified filament at a given spinning speed; and d. collecting said filament.
2. The process of claim 1, characterized in that second portion is connected to said first portion by a web having a width less than the width of said second portion.
3. The process of claim 1, characterized in that the width of said second portion is less than 60% of said given width.
4. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said thickness of said stream is less than 60% of said given width.
5. The process of claim 3, characterized in that said thickness of said stream is less than 60% of said given width.
6. The process defined in claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of said second portion is within ? 25%
of the cross-sectional area of said first portion excluding said web.
of the cross-sectional area of said first portion excluding said web.
7. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said polymer stream is polyester and wherein said given spinning speed is selected to give a shrinkage below 25%.
8. The process of claim 7, characterized in that said given spinning speed is selected to give a shrinkage below 10%.
9. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said filament is forwarded to a draw zone and drawn prior to the step of collecting said filament.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83904177A | 1977-10-03 | 1977-10-03 | |
| US839,041 | 1977-10-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1118172A true CA1118172A (en) | 1982-02-16 |
Family
ID=25278713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000312468A Expired CA1118172A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1978-10-02 | Self crimping yarn |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5459429A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1118172A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2842949A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2404686A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2005188B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1099345B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4176150A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1979-11-27 | Monsanto Company | Process for textured yarn |
| JPS5496118A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-07-30 | Monsanto Co | Rapidly spinning of polyester yarn |
| JPS59147411U (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-02 | 株式会社クボタ | Seedling planting device |
| US4546043A (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-10-08 | Teijin Limited | Hollow irregular multifilament yarn and process and spinneret for producing the same |
| JPS6170077A (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-04-10 | 帝人株式会社 | Polyester fiber for wool blended futon |
| US5129812A (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1992-07-14 | Basf Corporation | Multiple profile filaments from a single counterbore |
| DE102004026667A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-29 | Schramm Gmbh & Co.Kg | Extrusion die for the production of a man-made fiber for use as artificial grass has one or more openings, each with an inner element |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3135646A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1964-06-02 | Du Pont | Helically crimped textile filaments |
| GB1218066A (en) * | 1967-06-30 | 1971-01-06 | Toray Industries | Crimped synthetic filament having a branched cross-section and a method for manufacturing the same |
| JPS5631364B2 (en) * | 1971-11-25 | 1981-07-21 | ||
| DE2446139A1 (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1976-04-15 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING TEXTURED YARN |
-
1978
- 1978-10-02 FR FR7828114A patent/FR2404686A1/en active Granted
- 1978-10-02 JP JP12141178A patent/JPS5459429A/en active Pending
- 1978-10-02 GB GB7838914A patent/GB2005188B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-02 IT IT28363/78A patent/IT1099345B/en active
- 1978-10-02 DE DE19782842949 patent/DE2842949A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1978-10-02 CA CA000312468A patent/CA1118172A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2842949A1 (en) | 1979-04-12 |
| IT7828363A0 (en) | 1978-10-02 |
| JPS5459429A (en) | 1979-05-14 |
| IT1099345B (en) | 1985-09-18 |
| GB2005188B (en) | 1982-03-03 |
| FR2404686A1 (en) | 1979-04-27 |
| GB2005188A (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| FR2404686B1 (en) | 1982-02-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |