CA1117996A

CA1117996A - High speed bottle orienting apparatus

Info

Publication number: CA1117996A
Application number: CA000295524A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Alexandru D. Ionescu
Original assignee: New England Machinery Inc
Current assignee: New England Machinery Inc
Priority date: 1977-01-31
Filing date: 1978-01-24
Publication date: 1982-02-09
Also published as: GB1579087A

Abstract

BOTTLE CONVEYING APPARATUS
Abstract of the Disclosure Bottle orienting apparatus characterized by guide means for receiving and advancing bottles in random open-end leading and open-end trailing dispositions, discriminating means downstream of and cooperative with said guide means for distinguishing bottles of open-end leading disposition from bottles of open-end trailing disposition and altering the disposition of each of the open-end leading bottles to respective open-end trailing dispositions as said bottles move through said discriminating means, and take-off means positioned downstream of said discriminating means and cooperative therewith for removing from said discriminating means all of the bottles which pass therethrough, said discriminating means including gripping means for frictionally gripping opposite sides of said bottles upon their arrival at said discriminating means.

Description

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The present invention relates yenerally to a bo-ttle orientation system and, more particularl~, to apparatus for aligning randomly oriented bottles of open-end leading and open-end trailing dispositions in a train of such bottles so that they are selectively inverted to provide a train of bottles in which all of the bottles therein have, in common, an open-end trailing disposition.
The object of utilizing mechanical means to orient the bottles to succession, clearly, is to operate upon as many of the bottles as possible in the least amount of time. Each and every stage of manipulating the bottles is a potential source of lost time and must be as efficient as possible so as not to interfere with maximized output.
Clearly, when a bottle of open-end leading disposition is in the process of being inverted from an open-end leading disposition to an open-end trailing disposition, there results a delay in the rate of advancement of bottles upstream of (behind) the one being inverted, thereby restricting the number of bottles that can be inverted and further advanced in a given allotment of time.
The present invention is directed to a discriminating means which successively transversely grasps each of the ; randomly oriented bottles in a train of such bottles, accelerates each of the bottles upon their movement into the discriminating means, selectively reorients those of ; the bottles therein which require reorientation, and releases its grip on the bottles when they have completed their passage through the discriminating means. The accelerated movement into and controlled movement of the bottles through the discriminating means prevents interference between .. .

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the lead bottle in the upstream train and the trailing bottle in the discriminating means and permits high speed operation of the bottle sorting apparatus.
The present invention is also directed to the arrangement for gripping the bottles during their passage through the discriminating means comprising a roller having axially spaced, elastomeric, radially elongated walls which form a U-shaped or annular channel, the width of which is slightly less than the body-width of each of the bottles so that, upon entry of a bottle into the U-shaped `` channel of the discriminating means roller, the elastomeric walls frictionally grip the opposite walls of the bottle.
The peripheral speed of the discriminating roller walls at their points of contact with the bottle is chosen to be suitably higher than the velocity of the bottles in the feed train upstream of the discriminating means so that each bottle entering the discriminating means accelerates away from the feed train. Also, take-off means which cooperate with the discriminating means is provided for removing uniformly oriented bottles from the discriminating means.
The invention will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompany-; ing drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, front elevational view of an assembly in which is incorporated the apparatus pursuant to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, plan view, taken in the direction of the line 2~2 in Fig. 1, of a portion of the assembly illustrated in Fig. l;
; 30 Fig. 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view, taken along the line 3-3 in Fi~. 6, o a portion o the apparatus

-2-~L7~D6 pursu~nt to the present invention;
~ig. 4 is an enlargedr cross-section view, taken along the line 4-4 in Fig. 6, of a portion of khe apparatus pursuant to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary, rear elevational view of a portion of the assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary, frontal perspective view of a portion of the assembly illustrated in Fig. l;
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 7-7 in FigO 6;
Fig. 8 is a schematic, cross-sectional view taken along the line 8-8 in Fig. 7;
~s Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6 of an alternate embodiment of a portion of the discriminating means of the present invention, ; Fig. 10 is an enlarged, fragmentary,frontal, perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a different "~ portion of the discriminating means of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 11-11 in Fig. 10; ~`
Fig. 12 is an enlarged, fragmentary, front elevational view of still another alternate embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a view of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 12 taken in the direction of arrow X;
Fig. 14 is a schematic, fragmentary, frontal view of a varient of the embodiment of Fig. 13;
Figs. 15 through 17 are respective, fragmentary ;' ;
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views of partial variations of the embodiment of Fig. 14;
and ~ig. 18 is an enlarged, schematic ~iew of the bottle-dragging means of Fig. 14.
Referring now to the drawings, and more partic-ularly to Fig. 1, there is illustrated a bottle orienting apparatus denoted generally by the reference character 10.
The apparatus 10 includes a lower frame portion 12 and an upper frame portion 14 secured to and upon the frame portion 12. The upper frame portion 14 supports a platform 16 to which is secured an upstanding bracket 18. Pivotally connected to the bracket 18 is a bottle-container or supply unit 20 having a base flange 22 which can be adjustably tilted about a pin 24 or the like interconnecting the base flange 22 to the bracket 18.
The angular orientation of the base flange 22 relative to the bracket 18 may be selectively fixed by means of a clamping screw 28 or the like which extends through an arcuate slot 26 formed in the bracket 18 and is threadedly constrained in a threaded aperture (not shown) formed in the base flange 22 behind the bracket 18. Thus, the orientation of the supply un.it 20 can be altered from one of a horizontal disposition (not ;
shown) to one of a tilted disposition as illustrated in Fig. 1.
The supply unit 20 may be, for example, a con-ventional tank-like device for containing a large number of plastic bottles randomly predisposed therein, for ex- '!
ample, by hand or conveyor belt deIivery. The unit 20 is equipped with appropriate mechanism (not shown) for ~ ~7~9~i .
discharging the bottles in succession, one-by-one, through an outlet port 30 .into a chute or conduit 32.
The unit Z0 may be, for example, of the type which ukilizes a rotating cone or plate (not shown) to discharge the . 5 bottles in succession, under slight pressure, through . the port 30. A typical version of the unit 20 is, for example, sold under the registered trademark CERTIFEED
by the firm Tangen Drives, Inc. of Clearwater, Florida.
. Communicating with the chute 32 of the unit 20 is a chute 34 defined by an elongate upper member 36 and ; an elongate lower member 38. The members 36 and 38 are secured to one side face of a bracket 40 which is supported in upstanding relation upon a lower platform 42 of the frame portion 14. The conduits 32 and 34 have substan-tially the same dimensions and are adapted to gulde the advancement of bottles discharged from the port 30 of the unit 20, such as the bottles 44, 46 and 48. The chute 32 is closed on four sides, whereas the members 36 and 38 are provided, preferably, with respective elongate lips 37, 39 preferably running their full length up to the chute 32 (Fig. 4).
The bottles may be either flexible or riyid and they may be either of shoulder and-neck or full-width-neck construction. The bottles may have a round, oval or rectangular cross-section so long as the diameter d (Fig. 4), in the case of round bottles, or the vertical height h (Fig. 3), in the case of oval or rectangular bottles is slightly less than the height H (Fig. 1) of the conduits or chutes 32 and 34. The bottles, therefore, are capable of sliding loosely along the chutes 32 and 34 as a train of randomly oriented bot-2 ~' : ~,., ' ' ' ' ~7~5~6 :
tles, each bottle pushing the next as a result of the : force exerted by the unit 20 against the last o the bottles issuin~ from the port 30.
Associated with the chute 34 is a pair of tim-ing rollers 52, 54. The assembly of the timing rollers 52,54 and chute 34 constitutes a guide means for receiv-ing and advancing a trai,n of successive, randomly ori- ~.
ented, bottles having each an open end and a closed end.
The timing rollers 52,54 function to control the rate of advancement of the bottles outwardly of the chute 34 and into contact with a discriminating roller 62 of a dis-crimininating means, shown generally at 60.
The discriminating means 60 serves to successively transversely grasp each of the randomly oriented bottles in the train of bottles, accelerate each of the bottles - upon their movement into the discriminating means, selec-tively reorient those bottles having an open-end leading disposition (such as the bottles 44 and 46) into an open-end trailing disposition, and deliver all of the bottles passing therethrough to a take-off means, shown generally ~:
at 63.
The take-off means 63 serves to remove uniformly oriented bottles from the discriminating means 60 and in-cludes a vertically oriented chute 64 defined by a pair ;
` 25 of parallel, spaced members 66 and 68 affixed to the upstanding bracket 40. The memhers 66 and 68 are spaced from one another by the distance T corresponding to the height H of the chute 34. The chute 64 is associated with a conveyor means denoted generally by the reference character 65 in Fig. 1 for transferring the appropriately oriented bottles to various stations (not shown) at ~hich :
such bottles are treated ~urther, filled, and stored for : eventual distribution.
The timing rollers 52 and 54 and the discrirninat-.~ ing roller 62 are each provided, preferably, with elasto-~: 5 meric bottle-contacting surfaces and are each rotatably journaled (in a manner as will be described below) in the upstanding bracket 40. The latter said rollers are . also all commonly driven by a single drive means 70 in the form of a conventional motor supported on and affixed to - 10 the platform 16. The aforementioned rollers 52, 54 and 62 are all coupled to a pulley assembly 69 (Figs. 3 and 5) including a toothed drive pulley 72 which in turn is driven by a toothed output pulley 74 of the motor 70.
The pulleys 72 and 74 are coupled with one another by means of, for example, an endless toothed, positive drive belt 76. It will be understood that the upstanding bracket 40 (in Fig. 1) is cut away along the irregular, generally U-shaped, line 78 for illustrative purposes in order to schematically expose the drive means 70 for viewing.
As each of the bottles is manipulated into an ~ -open-end-trailing disposition by the discriminating means 60, each is permitted to fall one-by-one downwardly into and along the chute 64. The chute 64 guides each of the bottles into respecti~e bottle-constraininy spaces iso-lated from one another by means of equidistantly spaced spoke-like elements 71 (Fig. 2) extending radially out-wardly from the periphery of a wheel 75 journaled upon the platform 42 (Fig. 1) adjacent to the chute 64. ~s illustrated in Fig. 1, the left member 68 of the chute 64 terminates in close proximity to the platform 42, ' 7~
.

whereas the rlght membex 66 of the chute 64 ~erminates ~:.
short of the platform 42 by a distance corresponding to the axial thickness of the wheel 75. As a result, the periphery of the wheel 75 can extend partially into the chute 64 beneath the lower end 73 of the right member 66 so that the spoke-like elements 71 project into the chute 64 as shown.
As further illustrated in Fig. 1 the wheel 75 is mounted upon a shaft 77 which is freely journaled at its lower end in an appropriate bearing support 79.
The bearing support 79 is attached to and rests upon a lower platform 80 of the lower frame portion 12. Af-fixed to the shaft 77, is a toothed pulley 82 which when rotated is adapted to transmit rotation to the shaft, the latter which in turn transmits rotation to the wheel 75. The pulley 82 is driven by a drive means 84 in the form of, for example, a motor having a toothed output drive pulley 86 coupled with the pulley 82 through the - intermediary of an endless chain or band 88.
The drive means 84 is adapted to effect contin-uous rotation of the output pulley 86. Thus, the pulley 82 and wheel 75 are continuously rotated in unison at a prescribed rate such that the spaces between adjacent ones of the spoke-like elements 71 are moved in succession across the chute 64 ~or receiving the bottles descending from the chute 64. The wheel 75, thus, withdraws the ; descending bottles ~rom the chute 64, and moves the bottles ;
horizontally along an arcuate path to a conveyor belt 92 illustrated in phantom in Fig. 2. The beIt 92 moves in the direction of arrow A linearly substantially at the same rate at which the spoke-like elements 71 are rotated -. ~ . ~ i.

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,.
by the wheel 75, and is thus capable of extracting the bottles from between the spoke~like elements 71.
In this respect, as illustrated in Fig. 2, a bottle 90 illustrated in phantom is disposed between the spoke-like elements 71a and 71b. When the bottle 90 reaches the position illustrated in Fig. 2 in the course of counterclockwise rotation of the wheel 75, the bottle 90 moves onto the conveyor belt 92. Once the bottle 90 rests upon the moving belt 92, continued movement of the belt 92 with the spoke-like elements 71a and 71b effectswithdrawal of the bottle 90 for advance-ment to a processing station (not shown) where it can be filled or otherwise treated.
Referring now to Fig. 3, there is illustrated the details of construction of the pulley assembly 69 for rotating the discriminating roller 62 and the timing rollers 52 and 54. As shown, the drive pulley 72 of the pulley assembly 69 is affixed to a shaft 94 which in t~rn is journaled in a bearing assembly 96 supported by the frame portion 40. As a result, the drive pulley 72 and the shaft 94 are rotatable together relative to the frame portion 40. ~ffixed to and adapted to rotate with the drive pulley 72 and the shaft 94 is a second, but larger, toothed pulley 100 which, by means of respec-tive endless toothed belts or the like (as will be dis~
cussed below), transmits rotation to the timing rollers ;
52 and 54. The discriminating roller 62, however, as ` illustrated in Fig. 3, is affixed to an extension 94a of the shaft 94 and is caused to rotate as the shaft 94 rotates. ;
Illustrated in Fig. 4 is the mechanical drive , , _g_ ' ' ,';' .. ' ', .1 ' ' . , . :
..

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arrangement for the timing rollers 52 and 54. ~s shown, the roller 52 is affixed upon a shaft 102 which in turn is rotatably journaled in a bearing assembly 104 secured to the frame portion 40. At the opposite end of the shaft 102 is a toothed pulley 106 which is operatively associated with the pulley 100 (Fig. 3) via an endless toothed band or the like. Similarly, the roller 54 is affixed to a shaft 108 rotatably journaled in a bearing assembly 110 secured to the frame portion 40. At the opposite end of the shaft 108 is a toothed pulley 112 which, like the pulley 106, is operatively associated with the pulley 100 via an endless toothed band or the like. It will be seen, that the respective peripheries of the rollers 52 and 54 are closer to one another than is the spacing H (Fig. 1) between the members 36 and 38.
- The rollers 52 and 54 are, thus, capable of engaging the ` diametrally opposite side portions of the bottles advanc-ing therebetween ~Fig. 4).
Referring now to Fig. 5, there is illustrated the operative association of the various pulleys with one another and with a pair of endless bands or belts denoted, respectively, by the reference characters 138 ; and 140. This association of parts exists on the rear ` side face of the frame portion 40 that is opposite of the side face thereof illustrated in Fig. 1. The endless belt 138 is operatively associated with the driven pulley 100 and with the driven pulleys 106 and 112 of the timing rollers 52 and 54, respectively. The belt 138 is also operatively associated with a pair of -toothed tension control pulleys 142, 143 freely journaled on respective brackets 144 and 145, the bracket 144 having , !

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a pair of slotted openings 146 to provide for adjustabil-ity of the pulley 142 relative to the frame portion 40.
The endless belt 140 is operatively associated with the driven pulley 72 that transmits rotation to the discriminating roller 62, and with the drive pulley 74 of the motor drive means 70. It is the drive pulley 74 that moves the belt 1~0, the latter in turn transmitting rotation to the pulleys 72 and 100 in unison to drive the discriminating roller 62 and the timing rollers 52 10 and 54.
Although not shown, the belt 140 is provided with teeth on the inner one of its opposite faces to provide for positive drive of the toothed pulleys 72 and 74 it engages, whereas the belt 138 is provided 15 with teeth on both of its opposite pulley-engaging ~ faces to provide for positive drive of the toothed `
: pulleys 106 and 112 it engages.
As viewed in Fig. 5, the drive pulley 74 is rotated clockwise and, thus, it moves the belt 140 in ~0 the direction of arrow B. The belt 140, thereby, ro-tates the pulleys 72 and 100 in unison clockwise. In turn, as a result, the belt 138 is driven in the direc-tion of arrow C. Since the belt 138 contacts the left side of the pulley 112 and the right side of the pulley 25 106, the pulley 112 is caused to rotate clockwise, where-as the pulley 106 is caused to rotate counter-clockwise.
Accordingly, the upper pulley 106 of the timing roller 52 rotates in an opposite direction from that of the lower pulley 112 of the timing roller 54. The timing 30 rollers, thus, rotate in opposite directions to coopera-tively control the advancement of the bottles alon~ the --11-- , ~7~

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chute 34.
Referring now to Fig. 6, there is illustrated a perspective view of the frontal face of the frame por tion 40. This view best shows the association of the timing rollers 52 and 54 with the discriminating roller 62 and with the remainder of the discriminating means 60 of the present invention. The pulley-and-drive arrange-ment illustrated in Fig. 5 causes the roller 52 to ro-tate clockwise, and the roller 54 and discriminating roller 62 each to rotate counter-clockwise.
As further illustrated in Fig. 6 (and also in Fig. 4~, the timing roller 52 projects slightly through a cut-out 160 formed in the upper plate member 36, where-as the lower timing roller 54 projects slightly through a cut-out 162 formed in the lower plate member 38. As a result, the respective peripheries of the rollers 52 and 54 are frictionally engageable with bottles advancing under pressure offered by the supply unit 20 downwardly along the chute 34. Since the bottles have a thickness corresponding to (but slightly less than) the width of the chute 34, the rollers 52 and 54 are adapted to slightly pinch the bottles advancing therebetween~
As still further illustrated in Fig. 6 (and in ;
Figs. 7 and 8), the remainder of the discriminating means 60 includes an inverting means or lever 200 constructed and arranged to selectively engage the downstream end portion of each open-end leading bottle in the discrimi-nating means for selectively inverting each such open-end leading bottle to an open-end trailing disposition.
The lever 200, which may also be considered a bottle-catching means, is affixed to a block 202 that is : , , . . ~.: ' "

` pivotall~ arranyed via a ball-bearing assembly 203 on an axle-stub 204. The stub 204 is affixed to a bracket 206 which in turn is affixed to the fra~e portion 40 via a bolt 208 or the like that is arranged in a vertical slot 207 of the bracket 206. Between the block 202 and the bracket 206, there is interpositioned a second block 210 that functions to limit the angular swing of the block 202 and, thereby, of the lever 200. The block 210 is provided with a cut-out 212 that extends along the per-iphery thereof, for example, over approximately forty-five degrees. The block 210 can be angularly positioned and fixed on the stub 204 via a clamping bolt 214 to fix the relative position of the cut-out 212.
The block 202 is provided with a cantilevered ; 15 rod 216 that projects into the cut-out 212 (Figs. 7 and 8) of the block 210. The rod 216 is engageable with the end walls 212a and 212b of such cut-out 212 to define and limit the maximum angular swing of the block 202. The ;1 block 210 is provided with a coil spring 218 (Fig. 8) that at one end is connected to a pin 220 affixed to the block 210 (or alternatively to the bolt 214) and at its other end is connected to the rod 216. The spring 218 has an at-rest, unexpanded, condition in a bifurcated portion 210a of the block 210 such that the rod 216 is constrained against the left wall 212a of the cut-out 212, and the lever 200 is constrained in the position 200A shown in phantom in Fig. 8. However, the spring 218 can be expanded when the lever 200 is forced angularly in a clockwise direction to the respec-tive illustrated positions 200B and 200C thereof. The rod 216 in turn moves correspondingly first to a position . :

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midway in the cut-out 212 and then into engagement with the right wall 212b, the spring 21~ in the meankime continually exerting a force against the rod 216 to urge and return the lever 200 to the at-rest position 200 thereof.
The lever 200 has an L-shaped configuration as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 8, or, alternatively, a J-shaped configuration as illustrated in an alternate embodiment thereof in Fig. 9 and denoted by the reference character 200'. The L-shaped lever 200 is used, for example, in conjunction with bottles advancing along the chute 34 having a wide mouth corresponding in size to the size of the body thereof. On the other hand, the J-shaped lever 200' is used, for example, in conjunc-tion with bottles advancing along the chute 34 having a narrow mouth stemming from a tapered neck 44' of reduced diameter. As shown in Fig. 6, the L-shaped lever 200 terminates in a bent arm 220 projecting in a direction generally longitudinally of the chute 34, whereas, as shown in Fig. 9, and J-shaped lever 200' terminates in a hook-like, bent arm 220' projecting in a direction generally laterally of the chute 34.
Referring once again to Fig. 3, this time in conjunction with Figs. 6 and 9, the discriminating roller 62 includes a hub 230 affixed to the drive shaft portion 94a, and a pair of flexible, bottle gripping discs 232 that are also, by c3nventional means, affixed to the shaft portion 94a and separated from one another through the interme-diary of the hub 230. The hub 230, thus, provides for an annular space between the discs 232 into which freely ; projects a tongue 234 of the member 38 of the chute 34 ``
(Figs. 6 and 9) and a tongue 236 of the member 66 of the , ' ' ' ' '' ' chute 64. Such tongues 234 and 236 are spaced from the hub 230 and the discs 232 so as not to frictionally in-terfere with the rotation of the roller 62. It will also - be seen in Figs. 6 and 9, that the member 68 of the chute 64 includes a bent flange 238 that is inclined away from the axis of rotation of the roller 62, whereas the tongue 236 of the member 66 is bent towards the axis of rotation of the roller 62.
Referring now to Figs. 10 and 11, there is illus-trated an alternate embodiment 62l of the discriminating roller 62. The embodiment 62' includes a hub 240 af-fixed to the drive shaft portion 94a in a manner akin to that of the hub 230 of the roller 62. In this in-` stance, however, the hub 240 is associated with a second hub 242 (Fig. 10) that is freely journaled on an axle-stub 243 affixed to the frame portion 40 to idle or ro-tate freely in response to the rotation of the hub 240.
The hubs 240 and 242 are coupled to one another through the intermediary of a flexible, endless, belt-like, con-veyor 244 that is fit snugly over the hubs 240 and 242 and causes the hub 242 to rotate in response to the rota-tion of hub 240.
The conveyor 244 is provided with a pair of ; flanged walls 246 (Fig. 11) that define cooperatively an annular bottle-receiving space therebetween. The walls 246 each includes a plurality of finger-like, bottle-gripping, segments 248 (Fig. 10), adjoining ones of which, on the same run, from the base of the conveyor 244, separably flare away from one another as they move onto the hubs 240 and 242 beyond the generally horizontally~
oriented runs 246a thereof.

.

In the alternate embodiment 62', as in the ~irst described embodiment 62, the member 3~ o~ the chute 34 has a tongue 234 that projects into the annular space between ` the conveyor walls 246, and the member 66 of the chute 64 has a tongue 236 that projects also into the annular space between the walls 246. Such tongues 234 and 236 are out of contact with the conveyor 244 so as not to frictionally interfere with the movement thereof.
Initially, the supply unit 20 is filled by hand with many bottles which in succession are discharged under pressure by the supply unit 20 through the port 30 as a train of bottles into the chutes 32 and 34 in communication with one another. During this period, the drive means 70 causes the drive pulley 74 to turn, there-by transmitting rotation to the identically sized timingrollers 52 and 54, and to the larger discriminating roller 62. The timing rollers 52 and 54 act as a brake with respect to the train of bottles advancing along the chute 34 and serve to feed the bottles one-by-one in a timed sequence to the discriminating roller 62 (Fig. 6), and force in succession each leading bottle between the flexible discs 232 thereof (or between the flexible finger-like segments 248 of the conveyor 244 in Fig. 9).
The trailing bottles are prevented from being dislodged from between the plate members 36 and 38 by the elongate lips 37 and 39 which, preferably, run the full length of the chute 34 up to the chute 32 (Fig. 4).
As shown in Fig. 5, the diameter of the pulley : lO0 is substantially twice the size of the diameter of the pulley 72 and, thus, the peripheral speed of the pulley 100 is substantially twice the peripheral speed ~7~6 of the pulley 72. Thus, the endless belt 138 associated with ~he pulley 100, and the pulleys 106 and 112 associ-ated with the endless belt 138, are driven ak the same peripheral sp0ed as the pulley 100 which is substan-S tially twice as fast as the belt 140 associated withthe pulleys 72 and 74. However, the portions 232' of the discs 232 (Fig. 3), or the portions 246' (Fig. 11) of the conveyor 244, which grip the bottles in succes-sion have respective diameters which are greater than twice the size of the diameters of the timiny rollers ;
52 and 54. As a result, these effective bottle-gripp~ng portions 232'(and 246'~ have rotary speeds which are greater than the rotary speeds of the timing rollers 52 and 54. Accordingly, the bottles are advanced by the discriminating roller 62 at a faster rate than they are advanced by the timing rollers 52 and 54. Thus, the bottles can be said to be "accelerated" away from the chute 34 by the discriminating roller 62, and can be said to be "braked" by the timing rollers 52 and 54.
The timing rollers 52 and 54, thus, function to slow down the rate of advancement of the bottles dis-charged into the chute 34 to provide sufficient time for the discriminating roller 62 and the lever 200 to invert those bottles of open-end leading disposition (such as the bottles 44 and 46 illustrated in Fig. 6) to ones of open-end trailing disposition (such as the bottle 48 illustrated in Fig. 6). Generally, those bot-tles having an open-end leading disposition are inverted in the manner schematically illustrated in phantom in ~;
Fig. 6 (and Fig. 9) wherein, for example, the bottle 44 is discharged by the timing rollers 52 and 54 from the -~7-, , . : , chute 34 to initially engage, with its open-end, the arm 220 (Fig. 6) of the lever 200 (or the bent hook 220' in Fig. 9) adjacent to discriminating roller 62. ~n this disposition of the bottle 44, the portion of the bottle 44 behind the open end thereof is frictionally held by : the discs 232 of the discriminating roller 62 (or the finger-like segments 248 of the conveyor 244 in Fig.
10) and is frictionally moved by the latter so that the open-end of the bottle swings upwardly by the lever 200 along the bent flange 238 to the disposition shown in phantom and denoted by the reference character 44a.
More specifically, in the instance of the em-bodiment of the lever 200 illustrated in Fig. 6 which includes the bent hook 220 projecting in the direction generally longitudinally of the chute 34, as the bottle 44 is frictionally gripped by the opposing, flexible discs 232 and accelerated toward the lever 200, the leading, wide, open-end or mouth of the bottle 44 is caught by the bent hook 220. Continued movement of the bottle 44 forwardly by the opposing, flexible discs 232, which continuously retain their frictional hold on the bottle 44, results in the swing of the lever 200 from the position thereof illustrated in solid line to `~ the position thereof illustrated in broken line. Such swing extends angularly over approximately forty-five ` degrees as a result of the cooperation of the canti-livered rod 216 with the walls 212a and 212b of the cut-out 212 (Fig. 8).
As the lever 200 swings angularly, the bent hook 220 thereof lifts the wide, open-end of the bot-- tle 44 upwardly and into engagement with the bent .

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flange 238 of the chute 64. The bottom of the bottle 44 is, thereby, caused to pivot ~rictionally relative to the flexible discs 232 and to move downwardly into engagement with the bent flange 236. Continued rota-tion of roller 62 moves the bottle 44 to ~he position shown at 44a and finally the bottle 44 is cammed by flange 236 to the vertical disposition shown at 44b wherein it is released from both the lever 200 and the flexible discs 232 and falls into the chute 64. Once the bottle 44 is released by the lever 200 and the discs 232, the spring 218 (Fig. 8) returns the lever 200 to the position 200A thereof to await the oncoming ` bottle 46 and convert it, too, from a bottle having an open-end leading disposition to one of an open-end trail-ing disposition.
It will be understood, that when bottles having ; an open-end trailing disposition, such as that of the bottle 48, are accelerated by the discriminating roller 62 (or the alternate embodiment 62' in Fig. 10) into en-gagement with the lever 200 (or the lever 200' in Fig.
9), the respective leading closed ends thereof simply brush aside the lever 200, 200' and tilt into contact with the bent flange 236 of the chute 64, whereupon such bottles are "cammed" into a v~rtical disposition and fall into the chute 64.
With respect to the embodiment of the lever 200' illustrated in Fig. 9, it functions, with a slight dif-ference, in a manner described above ~`ith regard to the lever 200 (Fig. 6). The difference is that the bent hook 220 7 thereof, which extends in a direction genex-ally transversely of the chute 34, does not penetrate ' ~7~6 .
the tapering, leading open-ends of the bottles reaching it. On the contrary, the bent hook 220' successively catches the narrow necks ~' of such bottles from their exteriors before swinging them upwardly to reorient their open-end leading dispositions to open-end trail-; ing dispositions. The bent hook 220l could, in an alternative embodiment, comprise a closed ring (not shown) having a diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter of the narrow neck ~4' of the bot-tles 44.
After the bottles are accelerated into the chute 64, they are in succession removed from the chute 64 by the wheel 75 which in cooperation with, for example, the conveyor belt 92 (Fig. 2) advances the bottles to other apparatus (not shown) at which the bottles may be treated or filled, and packaged or stored.
Referring now to Figs. 12 and 13, there is illustrated still another embodiment of the discrimina-ting means of the present invention. In this regard, the discriminating means is denoted generally by the Eeference character 300. It includes the aforementioned discriminating roller 62 arranged upstream of the chute 64 defined by the plates 66 and 68, the roller 62 being comprised of the aforementioned discs 232 and the hub 230. The difference between the instant embodiment of Figs. 12 and 13 and those of Figs. 1-11 is that in Figs. 1-11 there is provided a bottle-catching means or lever 200 downstream of the discriminating roller 62 for assisting the latter to invert bottles having an open-end leading disposition. The embodiments of Figs.
1-11 are to be used preferably with bottles having wide . i ~7~

, and/or elongated open ends.
In the embodiment of Figs. 12 and 13, no such bottle-catching means is provided upstream or downstream of the roller 62. On the contrary, a bottle-dragging means comprised of a pair of pulley-driven endless belts or bands 302 and 304 is provided to cooperate with the roller 62 and effect the necessary bottle inversion of such bottles of the narrow open-ended, bulbous, conical or pyramidal, etc., varieties.
The belts 302 and 304 may be toothed or other-wise, and are mounted each on a respective pair of pulleys 306 and 308 which correspondingly may be toothed or other-; wise. At least one pulley of each pair 306 and 308 is driven by conventional means (not shown) at a prescribed rate identical to the other. The belts 302 and 304 are arranged just upstream of the roller 62, the upper belt 302 being substantially longer than the belt 304 and extending beyond and to the left of a vertical centerline L (Fig. 12) of the roller 62. The lower belt 304 supports the bottles it advances cooperatively with the upper belt 302, and turns counterclockwise. The upper belt 302, on the other ~-hand, turns clockwise. Thus, the lower run of the belt 302 and the upper run o~ the belt 304 move in the same ~ ;~
direction at substantially the same speed toward the roller 62.
~pstream of the belts 302 and 304 is a second ~ -pair o~ belts 310 and 312, each mounted on a respective pair of pulleys 314 and 316. At least one pulley of each pair 314 and 3I6 is driven by conventional means (not shown) at a prescribed rate identical to the other.

The lower run of the beIt 310 and the upper run of the ~21-., .

L7~

belt 312 are driven to the left toward the roller 62 at a rate that is preferably slower than the rate at which the belts 302 and 304 are driven. In turn, the belts 302 and 304 are driven at a rate that is slower than the rate o~ the discriminating roller 62 at the portions : of the discs 232 which yrip bottles advancing thereto in succession by the belts 302, 304, 310 and 312.
It will be understood that the runs of the belts 302, 304, 310 and:312 cooperatively form a moving extension to the conduit 34 of, for example, Fig. 1, and, as pairs, frictionally grip opposite sides of the bottles they advance toward the discriminating roller 62.
In operation of the instant embodiment, the belts 310 and 312 grip, in succession, bottles issuing from the conduit 34, and move such bottles to the belts 302 and 304. In turn, the faster moving belts 302 and 304 move such bottles in succession to the roller 62. The rotary speed of the roller 62, and particularly of the portions of the discs 232 thereof which grasp and remove the bottles in . succession from the belts 302 and 304, is greater ::
than the speed of the belts 302 and 304. As such, ` the longer, upper belt 302 exerts a "drag" on, or ~; 25 frictionally restrains, the upper side portion of each bottle it contacts, thereby causing each such bottle to pivot clockwise relative to the portions of the discs 232 gripping same. -~
If such a bottle issues from between the belts 302 and 304 in a closed~end leading disposition~
the trailing open end thereo~ pivots clockwise into .:

, ,, - . ~ .
. -22-. .

:

engagement with the hub 230 of the roller 62 and no further. The roller 62, thus, will in its counter-clockwise rotary course carry such a bottle to the chute 64, whereupon the flange 236 will free the bottle from between the discs 232 and cause it to fall closed-end-first into the chute 64.
On the other hand, if a bottle issues from between the belts 302 and 304 with an open-end leading disposition, such as the bottle 320, the leading open end thereof will be turned clockwise into engagement, or near engagement, with the belt 302, such as at 322. This - occurs as a result of the difference in speed between the relatively moving surfaces of the belt 302 and those of the discs 232, the latter moving more rapidly than the former. Thus, the open-end leading bottles, such as the bottle 320, are caused to pivot about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the discs 232. Such pivotal motion ~;
is effected until the open end of such bottles engages, or is in close proximity to, the belt 302. Continued rotation of the roller 62 moves the bottle 322 to a position 324 at which the flange 238 of the chute plate 68 is engaged by the bottle. Such engagement "cams" the bottle into an open-end-up disposition, where- ~ ~;
; upon the bottle is then cammed free from the roller 62 by the flange 236 to fall into the chute 64. ~-A variant of the embodiment of Figs. 12 and 13 is illustrated in Fig. 14 in schematic fashion.
Such a variant is denoted generally by the reference character 400 and includes the aorementioned discrimi-nating roller 62 just upstream of the chute 64. In this ins~tance, however, the bottle-dragging means is ' ., , . ~ . , . ~
.

provided in the form of a lever 402 pivotally connected - at 404 to the frame portion 40. At the opposite end of the lever 402, there is provided a roller means 406.
The roller means 406 is rotatably supported by the lever 402, and includes a peripheral surface having a relatively high coefficient of friction. For example, the roller means 406 may be made of rubber - or some other elastomeric material. The combined axial extent or width of th~ roller means 406 and the lever 402 is less than the axial extent of the hub 230 of the discriminating roller 62 (and, thus, of the axial space between the discs 232 of the roller 62). As a result, the end portion of the lever 402 supporting the roller means 406, and the - 15 roller means 406, are together insertable, and fitwith substantial clearance, between the discs 232 of the discriminating roller 62.
In this regard, reference is now made to Figs. 15 through 17. In Fig. 15, the roller means 406 is shown as a single disc element. In Fig. 16, the roller means 406 is shown as a pair of identical discs 406A arranged on either side of the lever 402.
In Fig. 17, the roller means 406 is covered by an elastomeric~ endless, drive belt 410. In each of the instances of Figs. 15 through 17, the elements of the roller means 406, are well spaced from the ~ discs 232 of the discriminating roller 62 so as `'~ not to interfere with the rotation of the latter.
Referring now to Fig. 18, there is shown a drive system for turning the roller means 406.
The drive system includes, for example, a wheel 412, .~ -2~-~ .
''~'' ~` ' 1 ' ` ' ' , . .

''3t~

toothed or otherwise, rotatably arranged at the end of the lever 402 that is pivoted to the frame portion 40. Cooperating with the wheel 412 is, for example, the aforementioned endless belt 410 having, for example, corresponding teeth lnot shown) on its internal surface. The belt 410 cooperates with the roller means 406 via, for example, a second, correspondingly toothed, wheel 414, which is ~ffixed to the roller means 406 and adapted to transmit rotation thereto.
The structure illustrated in Fig. 18, for example, corresponds to the structure illustrated in Figs.
15 and 16. On the other hand, with respect to Fig. 17, the toothed wheel 414 of Fig. 18 is replaced by the roller means 406 itself, the latter having a toothed periphery for cooperation with the toothed belt 410.
In operation of the variants illustrated in Figs. 14 through 18, by conventional means (not shown), the toothed wheel 412 is rotated clockwise to effect rotation of the roller means 406 also clockwise. The weight of the lever 402 and roller means 406 provides for a normal force against bottles advanced thereto by, for example, the timing rollers 52 and 54. Preferably, the i ;;
periphery of the roller means 406 engaging the bottles is turned more slowly than the portions of the discs 232 of the discriminating roller 62 that subsequently grip the bottles in succession.
As a result, the roller means 406 retards the advancement of the upper side of each of the bottles ~25-.

relative to the lower side, and causes such bottles to pivot clockwise about a horizontal axis norma:L to the discs 23Z.
If a given one of the bottles has an open-end leading disposition, the bottle will be pivoted until the open end thereof engages, or nearly engages, the roller means 406.
Rotation of the discriminating roller 62 counter-clockwise will in turn transfer the pivoted bottle from an open-end-up disposition, such as at 420, to the disposition shown at 422, whereupon such bottle will fall into the chute 64 bottom-first.
If a given bottle is gripped by the discriminating roller 62 bottom-first, the bottle will still be ` 15 pivoted clockwise by the roller means 406, but only until the open end thereof engages, for example, the hub 230 of the discriminating roller ; 62. As such, any bottle having a closed-end leading disposition emerging from the timing rollers 52 and 54 will be transferred without a change in its disposition by the discriminating roller 62 to the chute 64, whereupon it will fall bottom-first thereinto.
It will be understood, although not shown, that springs and/or other control devices may be utilized for urging the lever 402 down-wardly toward the train of bottles so as to enable the roller means 406 to frictionally retard the -~ ~
advancement of each bottle with a preferred ;
; 30 pressure. It will also be understood, although not shown, that appropriate abutment means is ~ ~7~

provided to limit the downward swing of the lever 402 to a preferred distance from the dis-criminating roller 62.

. ~ ~

~, ~

'

Claims

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. Bottle orienting apparatus characterized by supply means for receiving randomly oriented bottles and discharging them therefrom in a pressurized column of bottles in random open-end leading and open-end trailing dispositions, guide means for receiving bottles from said supply means and advancing said bottles in random open-end leading and open-end trailing dispositions, said guide means including a chute positioned downstream of said supply means for receiving said pressurized column of bottles and a pair of spaced, driven, timing rollers positioned adjacent the downstream end of said chute and frictionally engageable peripherally with opposite sides of the leading bottle in said column for successively discharging bottles from said chute in a timed sequence, discriminating means downstream of and cooperative with said guide means for distinguishing bottles of open-end leading disposition from bottles of open-and trailing disposition and altering the disposition of each of the open-end leading bottles to respective open-end trailing dispositions as said bottles move through said discriminating means, take-off means positioned downstream of said discrimin-ating means and cooperative therewith for removing from said discriminating means all of the bottles which pass there-through, said discriminating means including gripping means or frictionally gripping opposite sides of said bottles upon their arrival at said discriminating means, means cooperative with said discriminating means for accelerating said friction-ally gripped bottles away from said guide means upon movement of said bottles into said discriminating means; said dis-criminating means including bottle-dragging means for applying frictional retarding force against said bottles in said discriminating means, said discriminating means further including a pair of coaxially spaced, flexible, disc-like, elements constituting said gripping means, and drive means for rotating said disc-like elements in unison in a prescribed direction, said bottle-dragging means being engageable with the laterally outermost surfaces of said bottles in succession at a location above the rotary axis of said disc-like elements to exert a frictional force against said bottles tending to pivot each of said bottles about an axis eccentric of and parallel to said rotary axis of said disc-like elements in a direction opposite of said prescribed direction said disc-like elements are rotated; the bottle-dragging means including roller means having a cylindrical periphery engageable with the bottles gripped by said disc-like elements, and means for causing rotation of said roller means at a peripheral speed that is less than the speed of rotation of the respective portions of said disc-like elements which grip said bottles in succession.

2. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the said last mentioned means includes a drive pulley operatively associated with said roller means, and an endless belt coupling said drive pulley and roller means to one another.

3. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, characterized by a set of pulleys, and a second endless belt coupling said set of pulleys to one another and arranged below and in spaced relation from said roller means and said endless belt associated with said roller means, said endless belt associated with said set of pulleys and said endless belt associated with said roller means being cooperative with one another to grip and advance said bottles in succession to said discriminating means.

4. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 3, characterized by a frame for supporting at least said discriminating means and said bottle-dragging means, and a lever having an end portion to which is rotatably connected said roller means and an opposite end portion pivotably connected to said frame.

5. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, characterized by a drive pulley rotatably connected to said end portion of said lever that is secured to said frame, and an endless belt coupling said drive pulley and roller means to one another.

6. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, characterized in that the roller means includes a single disc-like element rotatably affixed to one side of said lever.

7. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, characterized in that the roller means includes a pair of disc-like elements rotatably affixed one on either side of said lever.

8. Bottle orienting apparatus characterized by guide means for receiving and advancing in random open-end leading and open-end trailing dispositions bottles having one corresponding end portion which is enlarged relative to the other end portion thereof, discriminating means downstream of and cooperative with said guide means for distinguishing bottles of enlarged-end trailing disposition from bottles of enlarged-end leading disposition and altering the dis-position of each of the enlarged-end trailing bottles to respective enlarged-end leading dispositions as said bottles move through said discriminating means, said discriminating means including bottle-dragging means for applying an external frictional force to the enlarged end portions of said bottles in said discriminating means, said force tending to rotate said bottles in said discriminating means about an axis passing through said bottles, said discriminating means including means for preventing rotation therein of bottles which are received therein in an enlarged-end leading disposition, and take-off means positioned downstream of said discriminating means and cooperative therewith for removing from said discriminating means all of the bottles which pass therethrough; said discriminating means including gripping means for frictionally gripping opposite sides of said bottles upon their arrival at said discriminating means, said gripping means including a pair of coaxially spaced, flexible, disc-like, elements, and drive means for rotating said disc-like elements in unison in a prescribed direction, said bottle dragging means being engageable with said bottles in succession at a location above the rotary axis of said disc-like elements and tending to rotate each of said bottles in a direction opposite to said prescribed direction in which said disc-like elements are rotated; said bottle-dragging means including roller means having a cylindrical periphery engageable with the bottles gripped by said disc-like elements, and roller drive means for rotating said roller means at a peripheral speed that is less than the speed of rotation of the respective portions of said disc-like elements which grip said bottles in succession.

9. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said roller drive means includes a drive pulley operatively associated with said roller means and an endless belt coupling said drive pulley and roller means to one another.

10. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in claim 9 including a set of pulleys, and a second endless belt coupling said set of pulleys to one another and arranged below and in spaced relation from said roller means and said endless belt associated with said roller means, said endless belt associated with said set of pulleys and said endless belt associated with said roller means being cooperative with one another to grip and advance said bottles in succession to said discriminating means.

11. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 8, including a frame for supporting at least said discriminating means and said bottle-dragging means, and a lever having an end portion to which is rotatably connected said roller means and an opposite end portion pivotably connected to said frame.

12. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 11, including a drive pulley rotatably connected to said end portion of said lever that is secured to said frame, and an endless belt coupling said drive pulley and roller means to one another.

13. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 11 wherein said roller means includes a single disc-like element rotatably affixed to one side of said lever.

14. Bottle orienting apparatus as claimed in Claim 11, wherein said roller means includes a pair of disc-like elements rotatably affixed one on either side of said lever.