CA1117490A - Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms - Google Patents
Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging armsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1117490A CA1117490A CA000331997A CA331997A CA1117490A CA 1117490 A CA1117490 A CA 1117490A CA 000331997 A CA000331997 A CA 000331997A CA 331997 A CA331997 A CA 331997A CA 1117490 A CA1117490 A CA 1117490A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- arm
- tank
- slurry
- pivot
- manure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A power operated loading mechanism for moving a pair of swinging arms having a load carrying device at their outer ends, includ-ing a pair of double acting rams each having a piston rod pivotally connected to the crosspiece of a T-link which is in turn pivotally connected to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and guide means for guiding a part of the pivotal linkage to move in a path remote from the main swinging arms.
A power operated loading mechanism for moving a pair of swinging arms having a load carrying device at their outer ends, includ-ing a pair of double acting rams each having a piston rod pivotally connected to the crosspiece of a T-link which is in turn pivotally connected to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and guide means for guiding a part of the pivotal linkage to move in a path remote from the main swinging arms.
Description
This invention is concerned with a load carrying apparatus including a swingin~ arm and is pflrticularly though not exclusively a??licable to apparatus in which the swinging arm is attached tl) a tanker, trailer, tractor, or other vehicle.
In ~an~J infitances it is required to move a swinging arm through an arc exceeding 90 and sometimes approaching or exceeding 180. If the arm carries a heavy load or meets heavy resistance it is difficult to arran~e an adequste actuating force from a linear ~otor such as a hydraulic ram. Particular difficulties are experienced in agricultural vehicles where it is undesirable to have the actuating mechansim positioned lowdown on the vehicle.
Accordingly it is an object of the invention to provide an improved load carrying apparatus having means for actuating a swinging arm which will overcome some of the existing problems and disadvantages.
The invention consists in apparatus for spreading slurry or liquid manure comprising:
a chassis;
wheels mounted on the chassis;
~ a tank for the slurry or manure defining an upwardly facing slurry or manure input and having means for discharging the slurry or manure;
`~
means for mounting the tank on the chassis; and means for loading the slurry or manure from a sunken pool into the tank, the loading means comprising a main swinging arm mounted on the chassis at one end by a pivot located rearward of the wheel mounts with respect to the ~normal direction of travel of the apparatus and having a bucl~et at its outer end, and a power operated mechanism for causing pivotal movements of said swinging arm, the mechanism comprisi~ a reciprocati.nF fluid-actuated ram having one element connected to an _ 1 _ ~r, C ~
. .
1~17490 al Jrage and the other element connected via a pivotal linkage to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and including guide means for ~uiding a part of said pivot linkage to ~ove in a path remote fro~ the main swinging arm, the arrangement being such that the mechanism can move the swinging arm from a first oosition in which the outer end of the swinging arm is below the lowermost point of the wheels and a second position in which the bucket discharges its contents into the tank through the input.
Conveniently the guide means comprises a pivoted control arm with its pivot point located near but displaced from the pivot axis of the main swinging arm. In a particular pre-ferred construction the control arm has a pivot displaced towards the hydraulic ram in relation to the pivot of the main arm, and the effective length of the control arm is greater than the effective distance between the pivot of the main arm and the point on the arm to which the linkage is connected.
~ he invention also consists in load carrying apparatus including aswingingarm having a container or other load carrying device at its outer end and includ-in~ power operated mechanism for swinging the arm through an arc greater than 90, comprising a four-bar mechanism whose links are, in increasing length order, a frame, a first lever, a coupler, and a second lever, the first lever being extended to form the arm, and a reciprocating fluid-actuated ram coupled between the second lever and an
In ~an~J infitances it is required to move a swinging arm through an arc exceeding 90 and sometimes approaching or exceeding 180. If the arm carries a heavy load or meets heavy resistance it is difficult to arran~e an adequste actuating force from a linear ~otor such as a hydraulic ram. Particular difficulties are experienced in agricultural vehicles where it is undesirable to have the actuating mechansim positioned lowdown on the vehicle.
Accordingly it is an object of the invention to provide an improved load carrying apparatus having means for actuating a swinging arm which will overcome some of the existing problems and disadvantages.
The invention consists in apparatus for spreading slurry or liquid manure comprising:
a chassis;
wheels mounted on the chassis;
~ a tank for the slurry or manure defining an upwardly facing slurry or manure input and having means for discharging the slurry or manure;
`~
means for mounting the tank on the chassis; and means for loading the slurry or manure from a sunken pool into the tank, the loading means comprising a main swinging arm mounted on the chassis at one end by a pivot located rearward of the wheel mounts with respect to the ~normal direction of travel of the apparatus and having a bucl~et at its outer end, and a power operated mechanism for causing pivotal movements of said swinging arm, the mechanism comprisi~ a reciprocati.nF fluid-actuated ram having one element connected to an _ 1 _ ~r, C ~
. .
1~17490 al Jrage and the other element connected via a pivotal linkage to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and including guide means for ~uiding a part of said pivot linkage to ~ove in a path remote fro~ the main swinging arm, the arrangement being such that the mechanism can move the swinging arm from a first oosition in which the outer end of the swinging arm is below the lowermost point of the wheels and a second position in which the bucket discharges its contents into the tank through the input.
Conveniently the guide means comprises a pivoted control arm with its pivot point located near but displaced from the pivot axis of the main swinging arm. In a particular pre-ferred construction the control arm has a pivot displaced towards the hydraulic ram in relation to the pivot of the main arm, and the effective length of the control arm is greater than the effective distance between the pivot of the main arm and the point on the arm to which the linkage is connected.
~ he invention also consists in load carrying apparatus including aswingingarm having a container or other load carrying device at its outer end and includ-in~ power operated mechanism for swinging the arm through an arc greater than 90, comprising a four-bar mechanism whose links are, in increasing length order, a frame, a first lever, a coupler, and a second lever, the first lever being extended to form the arm, and a reciprocating fluid-actuated ram coupled between the second lever and an
- 2 -C
:
.
~7490 extension of the frame outside the linkage~
The invention may be performed in various ways and one specific em~odiment will now be described, b~
way of example, with reference to the accompanying 5 drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side elevation of a slurrytank vehicle trailer;
Figure 2 is a part vertical section throuB
: the slurry tank of Figure 1;
Figure 3 i8 a rear view of the trailer;
Figure 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation on an enlarged scale illustrating the control mechanism 11174~90 and linkage with the arm~ in a lowered position; and Figure 5 i8 a similar view illustrating the mechanism with the arms raised.
In this example the trailer comprises a chassis 10 supporting a long cylindrical tank 11 intended to hold liquid manure or slurry. The chassis consists of a main central spine 12 with a rear su~-frame 13 on which the two ground wheel~ 14 are mounted. ~he tank 11 has an inlet opening in the form of a hopper 15 at its rear end and a discharge device which includes a centrifugal pump 50 connected to a discharge pipe 51. A pair of swinging loader arm~ 16 are pivotally mounted on the rear of the chassis on a hinge axi~ 17, the two arm~ being pivotally connected at their free ends 18 to a swinging scoop or bucket 19. ~he bucket 19 has a square section metal bar 40 secured to it by, for example, welding, and the ends of the bar project laterally from the flat end walls 41 of the bucket 19. ~he pro~ecting ends of the bar ætrike the inclined edges 42 of the side walls 43 of the hopper 15 when the arms reach the raised position shown in Figure 1, and this causes the bucket 19 to pivot about the ends 18 and discharge its contents into the tank.
The front of the bucket can, if desired, be tapered some-what ~o as to help prevent slurry spilling over the side~
of the hopper.
Referring to Figure 2, the tank 11 contains an 1~17490 auger 60 which i8 mounted in sealed auger bearings 61 at each end of the tank. The auger may carry flails 70 to help break up the slurry to ease its flow. The auger is driven by a double articulated PT0 drive shaft 71 at the front of the tank. This form of drive helps to reduce problems when the tractor or other vehicle pulling the tank makes a sharp turn. Slurry 62 which has been tipped into the tank i8 conveyed by the auger 60 to the rear of the tank, where it i8 pumped by the centrifugal pump 50 up the discharge pipe 51, and leaves the pipe at the open end of the inverted U-portion 6~, this open end being positioned above the level of the slurry 62 in the tank.
The pressure of slurry in the pipe 51 will cause a spring-loaded flap valve 64 to open so that the slurry can be sprayed in a downward direction. The ~lurry is also deflected by the flap valve 64 so as to give a wide area of cover, as indicated by the arrows. ~he tension of the spring 80 which connects the valve 64 to the portion 63 may be adjusted i~ order to control the application rate of the slurry. Additional control i~ pro~ided by adjusting the position of the spring8~ or by varying the tractor Qpeed and PT0 speed. It has been found that - by spra~ing the slurr~ downwards and from a level above that of the 91urry in the tank, there i~ less risk of spreading disease and infection to livestock than if ~117490 the slurry were to be sprayed up into the air. Any large stones in ~e slurry fall into a stone trap 65 at the rear end of the tank 11 and do not foul the pump 50.
The stone trap 65 can be emptied at periodic intervals.
The level of the slurry in the tank can be determined by means of a rod 66 attached to a ball float 67 which is pivotally mounted on the tank at 68. ~he rod 66 projects through an air vent 69 at the front of the tank and is readily visible from the cab of the tract-or or other vehicle which tows the tank. ~he rod 66 can be graduated to give a direct reading in, for example, litres of the amount of slurry in the tank.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention (not illustrated), the tank is completely open at the top and i5 mounted in bearin~s on a support frame so as to be rotatable about a horizontal, longitudinal axis. The extent of rotation of the tank can be adjusted às required in order to discharge the tank contents at any desired rate while the tank is being pulled by a tractor. A
spreading rotor inside the tank helps to discharge the contents, and the rotor ma~ be fitted with flails for more efficient spreading.
The mechanism for actuating the loader arms 16 comprises a pair of double-acting hydraulic rams 22, one on each side of the chassis, pivotally mounted at their forward ends 23 to an anchorage on ~he chassis and ~1~1749() having a rearwardly directed pi~ton rod 24. This is pivotally connected at 25 to the cross piece 26 o~ a ~-link 27 which is pivotally mounted on the chassis at its lower en~ 28. A further connecting link 29 is pivotally attached at ~0 to the other end of the cross arm and this link 29 is further connected at a hing0 pin 31 to a bracket 32 secured to ~e upper side of each loader arm 16.
In this particular example the length of the T-link 27 is fifteen inches, the length of the link ~9 is thirteen inches, the distance 17-31 is eleven inches and the distance between the hinge pivots 28 and 17 is appro-ximately eight inches, the pivot 28 being approximatel~
three inches lower than the pivot 17.
With this geometry the hydraulic rams 22 can raise and lower the swinging load arms from the depressed position of ~igure 5 to the fully raised position of Figure 6, which is through an arc of approximately 180.
Even further movement in excess of 180 i8 possible.
Moreover it will be seen that the mechanism provides a substantial force on the loader arms in the initial stages of the lifting movement particularly when the arms are horizontal and therefore the resistance is greatest.
Instead of the ~winging control arms 27 other guides ma~ be pro~ided to control the linXage particularly 11~7490 the path of the hinge connection 30. ~owever in agricult-ural equipment a linkage guide is preferred since it is less likely to be affected by dirt. ~he two hinge points 25 and 30 may be combined and some benefit will be obtained even if the arm 27 is of the same length as the distance 17-31 though the full possible benefit will be missed.
Instead of arranging the rams to pull the arms up on their retraction strokes, the mechanism can be reversed ~o that they raise the arms as they extend. But thi~
is not preferred, a~ the rams and the linkage would have to be mounted lower down on the vehicle and the piston rods would mostly be left exposed.
Each linkage is, in effect, a four bar mechanism whose links are, in increasing length order, a frame (sub-frame 13) a first lever (arm 16~, a coupler (link 29) and a second lever (~-link 27), the first lever being extended to form the complete arm 16. ~he associated ram is coupled between the second lever and an extension of the frame outside the linkage.
The linkage system and the rams are preferably covered by guards for safety and also to keep out dirt.
:
.
~7490 extension of the frame outside the linkage~
The invention may be performed in various ways and one specific em~odiment will now be described, b~
way of example, with reference to the accompanying 5 drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side elevation of a slurrytank vehicle trailer;
Figure 2 is a part vertical section throuB
: the slurry tank of Figure 1;
Figure 3 i8 a rear view of the trailer;
Figure 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation on an enlarged scale illustrating the control mechanism 11174~90 and linkage with the arm~ in a lowered position; and Figure 5 i8 a similar view illustrating the mechanism with the arms raised.
In this example the trailer comprises a chassis 10 supporting a long cylindrical tank 11 intended to hold liquid manure or slurry. The chassis consists of a main central spine 12 with a rear su~-frame 13 on which the two ground wheel~ 14 are mounted. ~he tank 11 has an inlet opening in the form of a hopper 15 at its rear end and a discharge device which includes a centrifugal pump 50 connected to a discharge pipe 51. A pair of swinging loader arm~ 16 are pivotally mounted on the rear of the chassis on a hinge axi~ 17, the two arm~ being pivotally connected at their free ends 18 to a swinging scoop or bucket 19. ~he bucket 19 has a square section metal bar 40 secured to it by, for example, welding, and the ends of the bar project laterally from the flat end walls 41 of the bucket 19. ~he pro~ecting ends of the bar ætrike the inclined edges 42 of the side walls 43 of the hopper 15 when the arms reach the raised position shown in Figure 1, and this causes the bucket 19 to pivot about the ends 18 and discharge its contents into the tank.
The front of the bucket can, if desired, be tapered some-what ~o as to help prevent slurry spilling over the side~
of the hopper.
Referring to Figure 2, the tank 11 contains an 1~17490 auger 60 which i8 mounted in sealed auger bearings 61 at each end of the tank. The auger may carry flails 70 to help break up the slurry to ease its flow. The auger is driven by a double articulated PT0 drive shaft 71 at the front of the tank. This form of drive helps to reduce problems when the tractor or other vehicle pulling the tank makes a sharp turn. Slurry 62 which has been tipped into the tank i8 conveyed by the auger 60 to the rear of the tank, where it i8 pumped by the centrifugal pump 50 up the discharge pipe 51, and leaves the pipe at the open end of the inverted U-portion 6~, this open end being positioned above the level of the slurry 62 in the tank.
The pressure of slurry in the pipe 51 will cause a spring-loaded flap valve 64 to open so that the slurry can be sprayed in a downward direction. The ~lurry is also deflected by the flap valve 64 so as to give a wide area of cover, as indicated by the arrows. ~he tension of the spring 80 which connects the valve 64 to the portion 63 may be adjusted i~ order to control the application rate of the slurry. Additional control i~ pro~ided by adjusting the position of the spring8~ or by varying the tractor Qpeed and PT0 speed. It has been found that - by spra~ing the slurr~ downwards and from a level above that of the 91urry in the tank, there i~ less risk of spreading disease and infection to livestock than if ~117490 the slurry were to be sprayed up into the air. Any large stones in ~e slurry fall into a stone trap 65 at the rear end of the tank 11 and do not foul the pump 50.
The stone trap 65 can be emptied at periodic intervals.
The level of the slurry in the tank can be determined by means of a rod 66 attached to a ball float 67 which is pivotally mounted on the tank at 68. ~he rod 66 projects through an air vent 69 at the front of the tank and is readily visible from the cab of the tract-or or other vehicle which tows the tank. ~he rod 66 can be graduated to give a direct reading in, for example, litres of the amount of slurry in the tank.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention (not illustrated), the tank is completely open at the top and i5 mounted in bearin~s on a support frame so as to be rotatable about a horizontal, longitudinal axis. The extent of rotation of the tank can be adjusted às required in order to discharge the tank contents at any desired rate while the tank is being pulled by a tractor. A
spreading rotor inside the tank helps to discharge the contents, and the rotor ma~ be fitted with flails for more efficient spreading.
The mechanism for actuating the loader arms 16 comprises a pair of double-acting hydraulic rams 22, one on each side of the chassis, pivotally mounted at their forward ends 23 to an anchorage on ~he chassis and ~1~1749() having a rearwardly directed pi~ton rod 24. This is pivotally connected at 25 to the cross piece 26 o~ a ~-link 27 which is pivotally mounted on the chassis at its lower en~ 28. A further connecting link 29 is pivotally attached at ~0 to the other end of the cross arm and this link 29 is further connected at a hing0 pin 31 to a bracket 32 secured to ~e upper side of each loader arm 16.
In this particular example the length of the T-link 27 is fifteen inches, the length of the link ~9 is thirteen inches, the distance 17-31 is eleven inches and the distance between the hinge pivots 28 and 17 is appro-ximately eight inches, the pivot 28 being approximatel~
three inches lower than the pivot 17.
With this geometry the hydraulic rams 22 can raise and lower the swinging load arms from the depressed position of ~igure 5 to the fully raised position of Figure 6, which is through an arc of approximately 180.
Even further movement in excess of 180 i8 possible.
Moreover it will be seen that the mechanism provides a substantial force on the loader arms in the initial stages of the lifting movement particularly when the arms are horizontal and therefore the resistance is greatest.
Instead of the ~winging control arms 27 other guides ma~ be pro~ided to control the linXage particularly 11~7490 the path of the hinge connection 30. ~owever in agricult-ural equipment a linkage guide is preferred since it is less likely to be affected by dirt. ~he two hinge points 25 and 30 may be combined and some benefit will be obtained even if the arm 27 is of the same length as the distance 17-31 though the full possible benefit will be missed.
Instead of arranging the rams to pull the arms up on their retraction strokes, the mechanism can be reversed ~o that they raise the arms as they extend. But thi~
is not preferred, a~ the rams and the linkage would have to be mounted lower down on the vehicle and the piston rods would mostly be left exposed.
Each linkage is, in effect, a four bar mechanism whose links are, in increasing length order, a frame (sub-frame 13) a first lever (arm 16~, a coupler (link 29) and a second lever (~-link 27), the first lever being extended to form the complete arm 16. ~he associated ram is coupled between the second lever and an extension of the frame outside the linkage.
The linkage system and the rams are preferably covered by guards for safety and also to keep out dirt.
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Apparatus for spreading slurry or liquid manure comprising:
a chassis;
wheels mounted on the chassis;
a tank for the slurry or manure defining an upwardly facing slurry or manure input and having means for discharging the slurry or manure;
means for mounting the tank on the chassis; and means for loading the slurry or manure from a sunken pool into the tank, the loading means comprising a main swinging arm mounted on the chassis at one end by a pivot located rearward of the wheel mounts with respect to the normal direction of travel of the apparatus and having a bucket at its outer end, and a power operated mechanism for causing pivotal movements of said swinging arm, the mechanism comprising a reciprocating fluid-actuated ram having one element connected to an anchorage and the other element connected via a pivotal linkage to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and including guide means for guiding a part of said pivot linkage to move in a path remote from the main swinging arm, the arrangement being such that the mechanism can move the swinging arm from a first position in which the outer end of the swinging arm is below the lowermost point of the wheels and a second position in which the bucket discharges its contents into the tank through the input.
a chassis;
wheels mounted on the chassis;
a tank for the slurry or manure defining an upwardly facing slurry or manure input and having means for discharging the slurry or manure;
means for mounting the tank on the chassis; and means for loading the slurry or manure from a sunken pool into the tank, the loading means comprising a main swinging arm mounted on the chassis at one end by a pivot located rearward of the wheel mounts with respect to the normal direction of travel of the apparatus and having a bucket at its outer end, and a power operated mechanism for causing pivotal movements of said swinging arm, the mechanism comprising a reciprocating fluid-actuated ram having one element connected to an anchorage and the other element connected via a pivotal linkage to a point on the swinging arm displaced from its main pivot, and including guide means for guiding a part of said pivot linkage to move in a path remote from the main swinging arm, the arrangement being such that the mechanism can move the swinging arm from a first position in which the outer end of the swinging arm is below the lowermost point of the wheels and a second position in which the bucket discharges its contents into the tank through the input.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which said guide means comprises a pivoted control arm with its pivot point located near but displaced from the pivot axis of said main swinging arm.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, in which the pivot of said control arm is displaced towards the fluid-actuated ram in relation to the pivot of the main arm.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2, in which the effective length of said control arm is greater than the effective distance between the pivot of the main arm and the point on the arm to which the said pivotal linkage is connected.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which said mechanism comprises a four-bar linkage whose links are, in increasing length order, a frame, a first level, a coupler, and a second lever, the first lever being extended to form said main swinging arm, and in which said ram is coupled between the second lever and an extension of said frame out-side the linkage.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the power-operated mechanism is capable of swinging said arm through an arc of at least about 180°.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dis-charge means discharge the slurry or manure downwardly from a point above the level of the slurry or manure in the tank.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising an auger for conveying slurry or manure to the rear of the tank for discharge.
9. Apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means to tip the bucket automatically when the swinging arm moves to the discharge position.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reciprocating fluid-actuated ram is mounted on the chassis below the level of the tank.
11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the reciprocating fluid actuated ram is disposed between the chassis and a wheel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000331997A CA1117490A (en) | 1979-07-17 | 1979-07-17 | Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000331997A CA1117490A (en) | 1979-07-17 | 1979-07-17 | Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1117490A true CA1117490A (en) | 1982-02-02 |
Family
ID=4114706
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000331997A Expired CA1117490A (en) | 1979-07-17 | 1979-07-17 | Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA1117490A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-07-17 CA CA000331997A patent/CA1117490A/en not_active Expired
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5025577A (en) | Adjustable one-way trip edge snow plow | |
CA2776801C (en) | Apparatus for loading material | |
US4837951A (en) | Reversible moldboard assembly | |
US6019568A (en) | Spill gate for trailer tipper | |
CA1117490A (en) | Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms | |
US4995138A (en) | Vacuum apparatus for debris collection | |
US4286916A (en) | Power operated mechanisms for actuating swinging arms | |
US4052804A (en) | Non-articulated scraper arrangement | |
US4449648A (en) | Mobile spreader unit | |
EP3825465B1 (en) | Self-propelled sweeping machine for cleaning floor surfaces which can be driven or walked on | |
US3815689A (en) | Power digger for landscape gardeners | |
US5810097A (en) | Attachment system for mounting road-maintenance equipment on a vehicle | |
IE47857B1 (en) | Improvements relating to tanker vehicles | |
US4541570A (en) | Endgate for manure spreader | |
US4687407A (en) | Three-point hitch loader | |
US3010726A (en) | Manure spreader | |
US2812210A (en) | High lift, side delivery, dump trailer | |
US2115790A (en) | Snowbank cutter | |
GB1601391A (en) | Tanker vehicles | |
US3483644A (en) | Earth moving implement having plural scoops | |
US5850975A (en) | Material spreader | |
US2255061A (en) | Earth surfacing machine | |
US3115259A (en) | Material handling vehicle | |
US3632050A (en) | Endgate for a manure spreader | |
US7028460B1 (en) | Rock windrower |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MKEX | Expiry |