CA1117078A - Beverage dispensing system - Google Patents
Beverage dispensing systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1117078A CA1117078A CA000305571A CA305571A CA1117078A CA 1117078 A CA1117078 A CA 1117078A CA 000305571 A CA000305571 A CA 000305571A CA 305571 A CA305571 A CA 305571A CA 1117078 A CA1117078 A CA 1117078A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- beverage
- valve
- dispensing system
- way valve
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/04—Apparatus utilising compressed air or other gas acting directly or indirectly on beverages in storage containers
- B67D1/045—Apparatus utilising compressed air or other gas acting directly or indirectly on beverages in storage containers using elastic bags and pistons actuated by air or other gas
Landscapes
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A beverage dispensing system includes a non-refrigerated pressurized source of carbonated beverage connected through a refrigeration line to a four-way valve which directs the beverage to one side or the other of a metering device to fill it, while being also connected to said other or said one side respect-ively to drain the other side of the metering device and to direct the beverage through a restrictor to a dispensing valve. The structure is miniaturized and thus there are relatively high velocity flows of beverage which would tend to cause foaming.
Foaming is eliminated by the restrictor which maintains the pressure at the four-way valve and upstream therefrom at a pressure level which is in excess of the partial pressure of the carbondioxide gas in the beverage, thus eliminating foaming.
A beverage dispensing system includes a non-refrigerated pressurized source of carbonated beverage connected through a refrigeration line to a four-way valve which directs the beverage to one side or the other of a metering device to fill it, while being also connected to said other or said one side respect-ively to drain the other side of the metering device and to direct the beverage through a restrictor to a dispensing valve. The structure is miniaturized and thus there are relatively high velocity flows of beverage which would tend to cause foaming.
Foaming is eliminated by the restrictor which maintains the pressure at the four-way valve and upstream therefrom at a pressure level which is in excess of the partial pressure of the carbondioxide gas in the beverage, thus eliminating foaming.
Description
~117078 This invention is directed to a beverage dispensing system in which a carbonated beverage passes through a metering device, with pressures so maintained in the system that no foaming or breakup occurs therein.
According to the present invention there is provided a beverage dispensing system, comprising: a yressurized source of flavored carbonated non-alcoholic beverage; a line,at least a portion of which is cooled,leading from said source for conducting pressurized beverage therefrom; a cooled metering device having therein a movable element defining a fixed predeter-mined volume alternately at opposite sides of said movable element; a four-way valve having a housing with a bore in which a valve element is rotatably disposed, said housing having an inlet connected to said line to receive pressurized beverage therefrom, a pair of intermediate ports connected to opposite sides of said metering device, and an outlet, said valve element having flow passages therethrough of noncircular turbulence causing cross-section respectively connecting said inlet and said outlet with a selected one of said intermediate ports; a dispensing valve; and a restrictor tube connecting said outlet to said dispensing valve for delivering beverage to said dispensing valve without agitating the beverage, said tube being of such effective size as to maintain a pressure in said four-way valve when said dis-pensing valve is open that is higher than the partial pressure of the bever-age, whereby no breakup of the carbonated beverage can take place in said four-way valve.
In preferred embodiments a major portion of the restrictor tube is also cooled. It may be disposed in a refrigerated bath along with a major portion of the line from the source and the metering device.
In the accompanying drawings, a preferred structural embodiment incorporating the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example.
On The Drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a beverage dispensing system provided in accordance with the present invention, most J7~
of the components being illustrated in reduced scale, except ~or ~ four-way valve being shown in near full scale; and FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragrnentary portion of FIG. l, the four-way valve being shown in larger ~han normal scale.
The present invention is particularly useful when embodied in a beverage dispensin~ system diagrammatically shown in FIG. l, generally indicated by the numeral 10. The system 10 includes a pressurized source of carbonated beverage ll which is maintained under pressure from a source of carbondioxide gas 12. Every carbonated beverage has carbondioxide gas dissolved therein which has a partial pressure which depends upon the amount of gas dissolved therein and the temperature. If the gas pressure above the beverage in the salrce 11 is provided by carbondioxide gas at a pressure below such partial pressure, there will be a tendency for the beverage to yield up some of its dissolved gas. On the other hand, if the pressure is pro-vided by carbondioxide gas at a pressure above the partial pressure, there will be a tendency for the beverage tO take on additional carbondioxide gas. With an ambient temperature of about 70~ F, such pressure should be on the order of 50 to 60 psi to main-tain the carbonation of the beverage. If desired, the source 11 could use a tank that has a bladder (not shown) coupled to a source of compressed air at a pressure slightly above the partial pressure of the gas in the beverage, but acting through such bladder, and that also would provide stability of the beverage in the source 11. Either type of pressurized source of carbonated beverage would be equally acceptable and is known in the art.
1~117C~78 The system 10 includes a line 13 leading to the inlet 14 of a 4-way valve 1;) which has a pair of outlet ports 16, 17 leading by relativel~ short lines 18,19 to tne opposite ends of a metering device 20. The 4-way valve 15 is further connected thro(lgh an outlet 21 to a restrictor 22 that leads to a dispensing valve 23.
In this embodiment, the line 13 is pro~rided with a coil 24 by which it is adapted to be refrigerated for cooling beverage therein to its serving tempera~ure, the coil 24, the metering device 20, and the majority of the restrictor 22 being disposed with-in a refrigerated bath schematically shown at 26. The refrigerated bath 26 can constitute a container of crushed ice, a container of water containing ice or the like.
The metering device 20 has a movable element or diaphragm 27 which as shown in FIG. 1 defines a fixed predetermined volume at one side thereof, and as transiently shown in FIG. 2, can define a corresponding volume at the other side thereof.
The 4-way valve 15 has an element 28 which is movable for one quarter turn from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 1, the inlet port communicates through the line 18 to one sidecf lhe metering device 20, while in FIG. 2, the movable element 28 has been so repositioned that the inlet port 14 communicates through the line 19 with the other side of the metering device 20. The movable element 27 of the metering device during movement displaces beverage from its lower pressure side through the outlet 21 for both positions of the 4-way valve 15, such actual flow or displacement being under the further control of the manually operated dispensing valve 23.
~11'7078 In typical operation, the pressurized beverage in the source ~1 has been displaced ~hrough the cooling coil 24 and the 4-way valve ~ as shown in FIG. l ~o fill the right side of the metering means 20. The left side of the metering means 20 is then in communication through the line 19 and the restrictor 22 with the dispensing valve 23. The valve 23 can be manually operated and nothing comes out.
When the 4-way valve 15 has been actuated by one quarter turn, it then appears as shown in FIG. 2, and the source of pressure Il now tries to fill the left side of the metering means 20. Whenever ~he dispensing valve 23 is then actuated, the movable element 27 will displace all of the beverage from the right side of metering means 20, such displacement being trans-iently illustrated in FIG. 2, and such displacement effecting filling of the left side of the metering means 20, which constitutes the next serving to be dispensed. If dispensing is momentarily interrupted by a closing of the dispensing valve 23, all the com-ponents maintain their positions and dispensing can be resumed by fur~her actuation of the dispensing valve 23.
The metering means 20 has an internal volume corresponding to a particular desired size of serving, for example 6, 7, 8 or 9 fluid ounces.
It is desirable to keep those components and portions of components which conduct beverage and which are outside of the refrigerated bath to a minimum size to minimize the amount of heat that can be absorbed thereby so as to minimize the amount of temperature rise that will take place during an initial serving ~1170~8 following a period of nondispensing. It is further desired to maintain the size of the 4-way valve at a minimum so as to minimize the amount of actuating force necessary to move it. The typical diameter of the element 28 in the 4-way valve 15 is three-eighths inch and when one goes to o~onents this small, it is not apparent to provide a practical device that has internal streamlined flow passages, but rather the flow passages are exposed to the housing bore along their length and thus they vary in cross-sectional flow size, thus promoting the ~kelihood of break-up or foaming of the carbonated beverage. The flow path through the inlet 14, the outlet 21~ and the ports 16, 17 is circular in cross section, but as soon as it reaches the element 28, it is noncircular because it is in part defined by the wall that has the connections with the lines.
Such discontinuity could in other systems cause break-up or foaming. Further, as a consequence of the reduction of size of co nents to smaller than normal values, the flow rates have increased to somewhat higher velocities than are consistent with avoidance of foaming or break-up in the carbonated beverage in the system.
Beginning with a temperature of 70F and a pressure between 50 and 60 psi in the source 11, the cooling coil 24 can bring the beverage temperature down to 35F, and during flow conditions with the dispensing valve 23 open, there is about a 10 psi pressuredrop caused by the line 13 with its coil 24, It is known that with a representative beverage that has 3,5 volumes of CO2 gas dissolved therein, when the temperature ranges between 75 and 84 Fahrenheit ambient, the partial rA
7~3 pressure within the source 10 will be between 50 and 60 psi. Thus at the inlet of the 4-way valve, the pressure will range between 40 and 50 psi during flow and 50 and 60 psi during no flow, but at a temperature of 35F, the partial pressure of such beverage is about 18 psi, and thus break-out cannot occur. Since there is very little temperature rise therafter, not more than 5F, any time that the pressure is maintained above the partial pressure at that temperature, which is on the order of 21 psi, break-out cannot occur. Thus most of the pressure drop is effected by the restrictor 22 In the present embodiment, the restrictor 22 is a coil of tubing disposed in the refrigerant bath.
A preferred size of the restrictor is a tube five feet long having a bore diameter of .112 inch. Such a restrictor has a volume of about 0.60 cubic inch. It is suggested that the inside diameter of the tubing be kept below one-eightll inch, and thus the volume in the tube will be on the order not exceeding 0,73 cubic inch.
The lines 18 and 19 are short, being under one foot in length, and all the lines 13, 24, 18 and 19 can be of larger uniform diameter, somewhat larger in size than the restrictor 22. The small volume of product outside of the refrigerating bath 26 that is contained in the system is on the order of one teaspoon or less, and if an amount of somewhat warmer beverage of such volume were admixed with one refrigerated serving, it would have no appreciable effect by the consumer.
The system disclosed in FIG. 1 can be multiplied by the number of flavors desired, with one source of gas pressure 12 and one refrigerating bath 26 used in common with such sytems.
By maintaining the pressure drop mainly downstream from the 4-way valve, the pressure at the 4-way valve is well above the partial pressure of the gas in the beverage at the temperature that the beverage has at such valve. With this condition present, it is possible to build and use, as we have done, a miniaturized 4-way valve which would ordinarily cause beverage break-up and foaming if used in a typical system, especially if high velocity beveraqe flows were utilized as is here the case.
With this system, the beverage withdrawn contains no foam and the minor amount of break-up that occurs due to the cup instant]y clears. By this arrangement, the level of carbonation is maintained thatthe public has become accustomed to associating with and being a part of the flavor of a particular brand of beverage.
Thus there is provided a beverage dispensing system of simple inexpensive construction for metering individual servings, wherein break~out or foaming of the beverage is avoided, and wherein temperature rise of the serving of beverage is minimized by use of small components downstream of the point of cooling.
According to the present invention there is provided a beverage dispensing system, comprising: a yressurized source of flavored carbonated non-alcoholic beverage; a line,at least a portion of which is cooled,leading from said source for conducting pressurized beverage therefrom; a cooled metering device having therein a movable element defining a fixed predeter-mined volume alternately at opposite sides of said movable element; a four-way valve having a housing with a bore in which a valve element is rotatably disposed, said housing having an inlet connected to said line to receive pressurized beverage therefrom, a pair of intermediate ports connected to opposite sides of said metering device, and an outlet, said valve element having flow passages therethrough of noncircular turbulence causing cross-section respectively connecting said inlet and said outlet with a selected one of said intermediate ports; a dispensing valve; and a restrictor tube connecting said outlet to said dispensing valve for delivering beverage to said dispensing valve without agitating the beverage, said tube being of such effective size as to maintain a pressure in said four-way valve when said dis-pensing valve is open that is higher than the partial pressure of the bever-age, whereby no breakup of the carbonated beverage can take place in said four-way valve.
In preferred embodiments a major portion of the restrictor tube is also cooled. It may be disposed in a refrigerated bath along with a major portion of the line from the source and the metering device.
In the accompanying drawings, a preferred structural embodiment incorporating the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example.
On The Drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a beverage dispensing system provided in accordance with the present invention, most J7~
of the components being illustrated in reduced scale, except ~or ~ four-way valve being shown in near full scale; and FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragrnentary portion of FIG. l, the four-way valve being shown in larger ~han normal scale.
The present invention is particularly useful when embodied in a beverage dispensin~ system diagrammatically shown in FIG. l, generally indicated by the numeral 10. The system 10 includes a pressurized source of carbonated beverage ll which is maintained under pressure from a source of carbondioxide gas 12. Every carbonated beverage has carbondioxide gas dissolved therein which has a partial pressure which depends upon the amount of gas dissolved therein and the temperature. If the gas pressure above the beverage in the salrce 11 is provided by carbondioxide gas at a pressure below such partial pressure, there will be a tendency for the beverage to yield up some of its dissolved gas. On the other hand, if the pressure is pro-vided by carbondioxide gas at a pressure above the partial pressure, there will be a tendency for the beverage tO take on additional carbondioxide gas. With an ambient temperature of about 70~ F, such pressure should be on the order of 50 to 60 psi to main-tain the carbonation of the beverage. If desired, the source 11 could use a tank that has a bladder (not shown) coupled to a source of compressed air at a pressure slightly above the partial pressure of the gas in the beverage, but acting through such bladder, and that also would provide stability of the beverage in the source 11. Either type of pressurized source of carbonated beverage would be equally acceptable and is known in the art.
1~117C~78 The system 10 includes a line 13 leading to the inlet 14 of a 4-way valve 1;) which has a pair of outlet ports 16, 17 leading by relativel~ short lines 18,19 to tne opposite ends of a metering device 20. The 4-way valve 15 is further connected thro(lgh an outlet 21 to a restrictor 22 that leads to a dispensing valve 23.
In this embodiment, the line 13 is pro~rided with a coil 24 by which it is adapted to be refrigerated for cooling beverage therein to its serving tempera~ure, the coil 24, the metering device 20, and the majority of the restrictor 22 being disposed with-in a refrigerated bath schematically shown at 26. The refrigerated bath 26 can constitute a container of crushed ice, a container of water containing ice or the like.
The metering device 20 has a movable element or diaphragm 27 which as shown in FIG. 1 defines a fixed predetermined volume at one side thereof, and as transiently shown in FIG. 2, can define a corresponding volume at the other side thereof.
The 4-way valve 15 has an element 28 which is movable for one quarter turn from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 1, the inlet port communicates through the line 18 to one sidecf lhe metering device 20, while in FIG. 2, the movable element 28 has been so repositioned that the inlet port 14 communicates through the line 19 with the other side of the metering device 20. The movable element 27 of the metering device during movement displaces beverage from its lower pressure side through the outlet 21 for both positions of the 4-way valve 15, such actual flow or displacement being under the further control of the manually operated dispensing valve 23.
~11'7078 In typical operation, the pressurized beverage in the source ~1 has been displaced ~hrough the cooling coil 24 and the 4-way valve ~ as shown in FIG. l ~o fill the right side of the metering means 20. The left side of the metering means 20 is then in communication through the line 19 and the restrictor 22 with the dispensing valve 23. The valve 23 can be manually operated and nothing comes out.
When the 4-way valve 15 has been actuated by one quarter turn, it then appears as shown in FIG. 2, and the source of pressure Il now tries to fill the left side of the metering means 20. Whenever ~he dispensing valve 23 is then actuated, the movable element 27 will displace all of the beverage from the right side of metering means 20, such displacement being trans-iently illustrated in FIG. 2, and such displacement effecting filling of the left side of the metering means 20, which constitutes the next serving to be dispensed. If dispensing is momentarily interrupted by a closing of the dispensing valve 23, all the com-ponents maintain their positions and dispensing can be resumed by fur~her actuation of the dispensing valve 23.
The metering means 20 has an internal volume corresponding to a particular desired size of serving, for example 6, 7, 8 or 9 fluid ounces.
It is desirable to keep those components and portions of components which conduct beverage and which are outside of the refrigerated bath to a minimum size to minimize the amount of heat that can be absorbed thereby so as to minimize the amount of temperature rise that will take place during an initial serving ~1170~8 following a period of nondispensing. It is further desired to maintain the size of the 4-way valve at a minimum so as to minimize the amount of actuating force necessary to move it. The typical diameter of the element 28 in the 4-way valve 15 is three-eighths inch and when one goes to o~onents this small, it is not apparent to provide a practical device that has internal streamlined flow passages, but rather the flow passages are exposed to the housing bore along their length and thus they vary in cross-sectional flow size, thus promoting the ~kelihood of break-up or foaming of the carbonated beverage. The flow path through the inlet 14, the outlet 21~ and the ports 16, 17 is circular in cross section, but as soon as it reaches the element 28, it is noncircular because it is in part defined by the wall that has the connections with the lines.
Such discontinuity could in other systems cause break-up or foaming. Further, as a consequence of the reduction of size of co nents to smaller than normal values, the flow rates have increased to somewhat higher velocities than are consistent with avoidance of foaming or break-up in the carbonated beverage in the system.
Beginning with a temperature of 70F and a pressure between 50 and 60 psi in the source 11, the cooling coil 24 can bring the beverage temperature down to 35F, and during flow conditions with the dispensing valve 23 open, there is about a 10 psi pressuredrop caused by the line 13 with its coil 24, It is known that with a representative beverage that has 3,5 volumes of CO2 gas dissolved therein, when the temperature ranges between 75 and 84 Fahrenheit ambient, the partial rA
7~3 pressure within the source 10 will be between 50 and 60 psi. Thus at the inlet of the 4-way valve, the pressure will range between 40 and 50 psi during flow and 50 and 60 psi during no flow, but at a temperature of 35F, the partial pressure of such beverage is about 18 psi, and thus break-out cannot occur. Since there is very little temperature rise therafter, not more than 5F, any time that the pressure is maintained above the partial pressure at that temperature, which is on the order of 21 psi, break-out cannot occur. Thus most of the pressure drop is effected by the restrictor 22 In the present embodiment, the restrictor 22 is a coil of tubing disposed in the refrigerant bath.
A preferred size of the restrictor is a tube five feet long having a bore diameter of .112 inch. Such a restrictor has a volume of about 0.60 cubic inch. It is suggested that the inside diameter of the tubing be kept below one-eightll inch, and thus the volume in the tube will be on the order not exceeding 0,73 cubic inch.
The lines 18 and 19 are short, being under one foot in length, and all the lines 13, 24, 18 and 19 can be of larger uniform diameter, somewhat larger in size than the restrictor 22. The small volume of product outside of the refrigerating bath 26 that is contained in the system is on the order of one teaspoon or less, and if an amount of somewhat warmer beverage of such volume were admixed with one refrigerated serving, it would have no appreciable effect by the consumer.
The system disclosed in FIG. 1 can be multiplied by the number of flavors desired, with one source of gas pressure 12 and one refrigerating bath 26 used in common with such sytems.
By maintaining the pressure drop mainly downstream from the 4-way valve, the pressure at the 4-way valve is well above the partial pressure of the gas in the beverage at the temperature that the beverage has at such valve. With this condition present, it is possible to build and use, as we have done, a miniaturized 4-way valve which would ordinarily cause beverage break-up and foaming if used in a typical system, especially if high velocity beveraqe flows were utilized as is here the case.
With this system, the beverage withdrawn contains no foam and the minor amount of break-up that occurs due to the cup instant]y clears. By this arrangement, the level of carbonation is maintained thatthe public has become accustomed to associating with and being a part of the flavor of a particular brand of beverage.
Thus there is provided a beverage dispensing system of simple inexpensive construction for metering individual servings, wherein break~out or foaming of the beverage is avoided, and wherein temperature rise of the serving of beverage is minimized by use of small components downstream of the point of cooling.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A beverage dispensing system, comprising:
a pressurized source of flavored carbonated non-alcoholic beverage;
a line, at least a portion of which is cooled, leading from said source for conducting pressurized beverage therefrom;
a cooled metering device having therein a movable element defining a fixed predetermined volume alternately at opposite sides of said movable element;
a four-way valve having a housing with a bore in which a valve element is rotatably disposed, said housing having an inlet connected to said line to receive pressurized beverage therefrom, a pair of intermediate ports connect-ed to opposite sides of said metering device, and an outlet, said valve element having flow passages therethrough of noncircular turbulence causing cross-section respectively connecting said inlet and said outlet with a selected one of said intermediate ports;
a dispensing valve; and a restrictor tube connecting said outlet to said dispensing valve for delivering beverage to said dispensing valve without agitating the beverage, said tube being of such effective size as to maintain a pressure in said four-way valve when said dispensing valve is open that is higher than the partial pressure of the beverage, whereby no breakup of the carbonated beverage can take place in said four-way valve.
a pressurized source of flavored carbonated non-alcoholic beverage;
a line, at least a portion of which is cooled, leading from said source for conducting pressurized beverage therefrom;
a cooled metering device having therein a movable element defining a fixed predetermined volume alternately at opposite sides of said movable element;
a four-way valve having a housing with a bore in which a valve element is rotatably disposed, said housing having an inlet connected to said line to receive pressurized beverage therefrom, a pair of intermediate ports connect-ed to opposite sides of said metering device, and an outlet, said valve element having flow passages therethrough of noncircular turbulence causing cross-section respectively connecting said inlet and said outlet with a selected one of said intermediate ports;
a dispensing valve; and a restrictor tube connecting said outlet to said dispensing valve for delivering beverage to said dispensing valve without agitating the beverage, said tube being of such effective size as to maintain a pressure in said four-way valve when said dispensing valve is open that is higher than the partial pressure of the beverage, whereby no breakup of the carbonated beverage can take place in said four-way valve.
2. A beverage dispensing system according to claim 1, in which said flow passages of said valve element are open to said housing along their length.
3. A beverage dispensing system according to claim 1 including a refrigerated bath in which a major portion of said line and also said meter-ing device is disposed.
4. A beverage dispensing system according to claim 1 including a refrigerated bath in which a major portion of said line and a major portion of said restrictor tube is disposed.
5. A beverage dispensing system according to claim 1 in which said restrictor tube is about five feet long and has a bore diameter less than one-eighth inch
6. A beverage dispensing system according to claim 5 in which said restrictor tube has a volume on the order of 0.6 cubic inch.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US81125777A | 1977-06-29 | 1977-06-29 | |
| US811,257 | 1985-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1117078A true CA1117078A (en) | 1982-01-26 |
Family
ID=25206032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000305571A Expired CA1117078A (en) | 1977-06-29 | 1978-06-15 | Beverage dispensing system |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5414578A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7804085A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1117078A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2828373A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES471178A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2396368A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1589458A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1096035B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7806335L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61129350U (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-13 | ||
| US4959584A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-09-25 | General Electric Company | Luminaire for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp |
| DE4018928C2 (en) * | 1990-06-13 | 1996-03-28 | Bodenseewerk Perkin Elmer Co | Device for entering liquid samples into a carrier liquid stream |
| JPH0846106A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-02-16 | Masahiro Nishio | External terminal attaching structure for semiconductor element |
| RU2696961C1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-08-07 | Елена Алексеевна Бетина | Device for liquid dispensing |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE26554C (en) * | E Trautmann und A. Kahl in Berlin W., Potsdamerstr. 126 | Two-chamber measuring apparatus without piston for liquids to be dispensed | ||
| US3082783A (en) * | 1959-07-14 | 1963-03-26 | Welty Frank | Dispensing system for carbonated beverages |
| US3233789A (en) * | 1964-11-17 | 1966-02-08 | Charles A Clements | Liquid dispensing system |
| GB1228776A (en) * | 1967-08-24 | 1971-04-21 | ||
| FR1593303A (en) * | 1968-11-21 | 1970-05-25 | ||
| JPS4825094U (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1973-03-24 |
-
1978
- 1978-05-24 GB GB22066/78A patent/GB1589458A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-05-31 SE SE7806335A patent/SE7806335L/en unknown
- 1978-06-15 CA CA000305571A patent/CA1117078A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-23 IT IT24935/78A patent/IT1096035B/en active
- 1978-06-27 BR BR787804085A patent/BR7804085A/en unknown
- 1978-06-27 ES ES471178A patent/ES471178A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-28 FR FR7819333A patent/FR2396368A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-06-28 DE DE19782828373 patent/DE2828373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-06-28 JP JP7845978A patent/JPS5414578A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2396368A1 (en) | 1979-01-26 |
| ES471178A1 (en) | 1979-01-16 |
| JPS5414578A (en) | 1979-02-02 |
| DE2828373A1 (en) | 1979-01-04 |
| BR7804085A (en) | 1979-01-16 |
| IT7824935A0 (en) | 1978-06-23 |
| JPS5735050B2 (en) | 1982-07-27 |
| GB1589458A (en) | 1981-05-13 |
| SE7806335L (en) | 1978-12-30 |
| IT1096035B (en) | 1985-08-17 |
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