CA1116526A - Amylose gel antiperspirant stick compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT

A stick antiperspirant or deodorant composition comprising from 2.5-15% by weight amylose, 0-10% by weight perfume, 0-5% by weight pigment, 0.05-30% by weight of an antiperspirant or deodorant composition, and the balance water.

Description

~1~6S~'~

This invention relates to a new deodorant or anti-perspirant stick composltion.
Antiperspirant or deodorant stick~ have been known for quite some tLme. Prior to 1965, antiperspirant~
could not be successfully incorporated into sticks. At this time, they were sold primarily as liquid compo~ltions. The reason ~or thls i~ that the then-known gel materials, such as sodium stearate alcohol soaps~ were not compatible with the alumlnum chlorhydroxide.
With the advent o~ the fluorocarbon propellant controversy in 1974, roll-ons and sticks a~ain began to appear in greater numbers. At this time antipersplrant sticks were re-introduced containing astringent composition~
such as aluminum chlorhydroxide. These sticks are based on waxes and volatile silicone~ and have a 30apy recl~ have low structural integrity, and are le~s effective antiper-8pirant3 than liquids or roll-on3 because the active as-trin~ent salt ls trapped in the oil as an inactive, undis-solved powder.
It was, therefore, surprising to dlscover that a simple, economical and highly effective ~ntiperspirant and/
or deodorant gel or stick composition could be formed utilizing amylose a3 the primar~ gelling agent~ Amylo~e is compatible with the acidic type salts utilized in a~-tringent antiperspir~nt compositions and form~ an aqueous get which has good cosmetic ch~racteristic~ and feel. This composition comprises from 2.5-15~ by weight amylose, 0-10 ~d by welght perfume, 0-5~ by welght dye, 0.15-30~ by weight actLve antiperspir~nt or deodorant, and the b~lance water.
The present Lnvention is generally aimed at pro-viding a simple and inexpensive but hlghly efficacious antiperspirant or deodorant stick composition.
The present invention, thereforet provides a stick composition for a m~terial to be applied to a surface by rubbing the applicator sver the ~urface, said appllcator in-cluding from 2.5-15~ by weight amylose wherein the amylose 0 i3 present as starch havlng an amylose content of 50-100~
by weight, from 0.05-30~ by weight of ~n active agent selec-ted from antiperspirant astringent saltsJ deodorant cornpo-sitions~ or mixtures thereof, from 0-15~ by weight of a cos-metlc addition such as a perfume or a coloring agent, and the balance water.
Features and advantages of this composition will become apparent from the followingJ more detailed descrip-tion thereof.
The stick application composition of the present 20 invention, which applies active material by rubbing over a surface in general includes a gelllng agent, an actlve agent selected from the group consisting of antiper~pirant as-tringent salts and deodorants, one or more optional ingre-dients such as perfume or a dye, and the balance water.
A~ylose is utilized as the primary gelling agent in the composition of the present invention. It is known that amylose will form a firm gel. These amylose gels have been used as carriers ~or perfumes which slowly dif-fuse into the air. Amylose, or linear starch, is a natural~

~65i~i ly occurring fraction ln almost all starches. Amylose ge-nerally occurs in a percentage of from 20~70~ by welght of the total ~tarch, with the balance being branch-chain starch or amylopectin. Substantially any source o~ amylose can be utllized so long as the ~inal amylose content of the compo-sition is within the range of 2.5-15~ amylose. It is parti-cularly preferred to utilize sources o~ amylose havlng a high percentage of amylo~e. Starches having a high percen-tage of amylopectin result 1n compositions which are softer, lO less desirable gels. This is because the amylopectin ha~
substantially no gelling properties and because it acts to thicken the composition makin~ proper cooling and process-ing of the amylose difficult.
Although suitable antiperspirant/deodorant sticks can be formed utiliæing amylose content of from 2.5-15~, it is pre~erred to use from 4-lO~ by weight amyloseJ and most preferred to utilize from 5-7~ by weight amylose. Further, it ~s preferred to use as a source o~ amylose a starch hav-ing an amylose content o~ 50-100% by weight and especlally 20 from 65-lOV~ by weight.
As the active lngredient in the sticks of the pre-sent invention, substantially any conventional, cosmetically acceptable antiperspirant composition or astringent salt canbe utilized. Some suitable astringent salts include aluminum salts, such as aluminum chloride; alum, especially aluminum alum; aluminum acetate, ~lumlnum bromide; aluminum nitrate;
aluminum chlorhydroxide; propyleneglycol complexes o~ alu-13 ~6S2~D

minum chlorhydroxide; aluminum bromohydroxide; and mixturesthereof; ~irconium salts~ such as zirconium chlorlde~ zir-conium chlorhydroxide, propyleneglycol complexes of zlrcon-lum chlorhydroxide, zirconium acetate, zirconium bromide, zirconium nitrate, alumlnum zirconium pentachlorohydrate~
and mixtures thereof; and other cosmetically acceptable metal salts, such as magnesium or zinc salts, may be utilized as antiperspirant ingredients. Preferred materials include aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorhydroxide, zirconium 10 chlorhydroxide, propyleneglycol complexe~ of ammonium chlor-hydroxide, propyleneglycol complexes of zirconium chlor-hydroxide, and mlxtures thereof.
Further, any of the standard cosmetically-accept-able deodorant compos itions may also be utilized. These materials may be used either alone or in combination with the antipersplrant material. Generally, deodorant composi-tions are bacteric~des which act by reducing the ~mount of b~cteria pre~ent in the skin.
The astringent salt may be present in an amount of 20 from 1-30~ by weight and preferably from 5-25~ by ~eight.
It is surprising that ~irm gels may be formed from composi-tions including ~uch high percentages Or salt. When an astringent salt is used as the active agent, it is most preferred that the s~lt content be within the range of 10-25~ by weight. When deodorant compositions, such as bactericides, are incorporated, it is most preferred that the deodorant content be within the range of 0.05-5% by weight, and preferably from 0. lV~ by weight. The prefer-red embodiment o~ the present invention uses a~tringent salts alone as the actlve ingredient of the compo~ition.
The compositions of the present invention use aqueous solutions of the astringent material so that substan-tlally all the astringent i5 present in the active solubi~
lized ~orm. This should be contrasted with the prior prac-tice wherein the prior art sticks use oil-based gels and, therefore, incorporated the astringent acti~e material in 10 the composition in the inactive solid particulate form.
The composition of the present invention also may optionally include a suitable amount of perfume~ i.e., up to 10~ by weight, and preferably from Or 25-8~, to add cosmetic appeal to the product.
A large number of optional ingredients may also be added. The opkional ingredients lnclude a number o~
well-known cosmetic additions which improve the cosmetic feel and acceptability of the composition. While these ingredients are not essential to make an operable composi-20 tion, they do enhance the overall ~ppeal o~ a composition.
Suitable option~l ingredient include propylene glycol;
gl~cerineg sorbitol derivatives; the so-called emollient esters, such as isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate,

2-ethyl hexyl isostearate7 and the like; oll~, such as mineral oil, etc.; higher alcohols~ such as cetyl alcohols, ethoxylated alcohol~, etc.; lanolin derivative~ including ethoxylated lanolin; waxes; silicone oils; and powders 6uch as talc. The above materials may be present in a total amount of from 0-7~ o~ the compo~itlon to improve the cos-metic feel o~ the composition. As the gels of the present invention are sub3tanti~11y white and colorle3s~ it i8 not neces6ary to add a coloring agent. However, ~or some ~ppli-cstions, this may be desirable and from 0.5~ by weight of co~metically ~cceptable coloring agent, such as a dye or pigment, can be used.
The bulk Or the compositlon of the present inven-10 tion i9 water. Substantially any water may be utilized,although dionized water is preferred.
The gels o~ tha present invention may be prepared in the ~ollowing mar~er: An aqueouq solution or dispersion of the active ingredient is mixed with the amylose at high temperatures, l.e., in the neighborhood o~ from 300-340F., at pressure of from 60-190 p8ig for from 0.5-5 minutes to cook the amylose. The cooked mixture is then mixed with su~ficient cool water to bring the composition to the de-sired final amylose content. The pigment and dye are added 20 at this point, and the composition is placed in appropriate containers. A preferred method of cooking the Qmylose mix-ture is to use a ~et cooker ~hich is avallable from National Starch.
The composition of the present invention will now be illu~trated by way of the following examples, which are for the purpose of illustration only and are in no way to be construed QS limlting.

_ An ~ntiperspirant gel composltion having the ~ol-lowing compo~ition was prepared by jet cooking the amylose in the presence of khe aluminum chlorhydroxide for about 1 minute at 155C~ at 50 psi with about 20% of the WQter ~f the composition. The ~et-cooked starch was quenched to about 60-75C. with the balance of water to give approxi-mately 7~ starch. The eomposition i~ then cooled to frQm 60-65C. and blended with the perfume and preservatlve and filled into tubular packageæ. The compositi~n is then 10 cooled to room temperature.
Starch* (85~ amylose) 7.0~ r Methylparacept 0.10 Aluminum chlorhydroxide 7.0 Perfume-preservative QS
Water QS t~ 100.00 *-potato starch from Avebe Veendam Holland The above antiperspiran~ compo~ition, when pre-pared~ gave a strong gel having good cosmetic properties.

-ExQmple 1 waæ repeated except that the amylo~e and aluminum chlorhydr~te levels were as æhown below:

Amylose ~~

Aluminum chlorhydrate 3.8 5,55 Water~ per~ume and pigment QS QS
100. 0 100. 00 The gels were sufficiently rigid to be sel~-5~, supporting in a tubular ~tick push-up type container, and the sur~ace abraded away suf~iciently on contact with the skin to dispense the astrinKent salt.

A slurry containlng 41.7~ water, 41.7~ aluminum chlorhydroxide and 16.6% ~mylose was fed into a ~ational Starch Jet Cooker. The slurry Wa8 cooked at 300F. and at a back pressure of 50 psi with a quench H~O flow of 8~. The cook time wa~ about 45 seconds. The product was quenched 10 with water to 180F. The product cooled and a small amount of pigment and perfume were added. The product was 20~
nonvolatile~ containing 5.7~ amylo~e and 14.3~ aluminum chlorhydroxide. The product was self-supporting and suf-ficient surfAce abraded away in contact with the skin to dlspense the ~stringent s~lt.

A slurry contalning 41.5~ water, 41.5~ hluminum chlorhydroxide and 17~ amylose was fed into a National Starch Jet Cooker and co~ked as in Example 4, except that 20 the flow was varied as shown below to obtain samples with varying levels of non-volatiles. Perfume, pigment and pro-pylene glycol were added as shown.

65~
~ .

~ U~ ~
a;u~ L~ ~ ~ o o b~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~1 P~

a) h O O O O O O
Q) a) ~
~J O O C O
C~
o4' P~
.~ r H

`E!R ~
cc ~ J 2 ~u N N O

q) O ~
X X
u~ ~ O u~ O
O O`~ .1 h e h > 11~ U~ CO ao o o ~, h ~, U~ O O O
O ~1 0 --I
~ ,C ~1 .C' ,. ~ ~ ~ Q) e ~ ~ . . . . . . O ~ ~
o ~o o ~ ~ ~ ~
o ~1 ~ ~
l l l o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r xu~ O
r-~

Each o~ the foregoing composltions was sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting and had acceptable cosmetic feel.
The samples wlth the propylene glycol had ~lightly improved cosmetic acceptability.

The procedure of Example 4 was fullowed, except thAt the flow was varied to give non-volatiles a~ shown be-low and no quench water was used. The amylose and 3alt were cooked in the presence of all the water. The gel strength 10 was tested with a Marine Colloids Gelometer.

AlCl(OH) Total NVl Amylose NVl x2 Nvl Gel Strength ~. ~
Example 11 19.73 3.07 16.66 125 Comp. Ex. 1 13.48 2.10 11.38 T-S3 1 - NV - non-volatlles 2 - AlCl(OH)x = aluminum chlorhydroxlde

3 - T-S = too soft to measure The gel of Example 11 was somewhat soft, but sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting. The gel of Com-20 paratlve Example 1 was too soft to measure and not accept-able.

The following formula was prepared by cooking the amylose, aluminum salt and water in a National Starch Jet Cooker at 300F., a back pressure of 50 psi, 30 seconds cooking time, and a pump speed of 320 RPM.
Amylose 5.63 Aluminum chlorhydroxide 17.82 5,~

Perfume QS
Dye QS
Water to lO0.00 The gel strength when measured as in Example ll wa~ 580. Thls gel was tested with lO people and found acceptable.

Example 12 was repeated, except Hylon 7, a 70~
amylose corn starch, was used instead of the Avebe potato lO amylose used in Example 12. The compositlon has the fol-lowing formula:
Aluminum chlorhydroxide 17.68 Hylon 7 9-4*
Perfume QS
Dye QS
Water to lO0.00 * - amylose content = 6.58 The gel strength was 530 and was acceptable when tested with lO people.

A slurry of 7. 3 parts amylose (Avebe Potato), 50 parts of a 50~ aluminum chlorhydroxide solution and 42.7 parts of water were cooked in a National Starch Jet Cooker at 305F. for 30 seconds. The back pressure was 50 psi and the pump speed was 320 RPM. The exit temperature was about 210F. The samples were collected and 1% per~ume, O. 75% pigment, and 2~ of the following additives were mixed in. The samples stood overnight and were tested for 6~

gel strength with a Marine Colloids gel tester.

Run Additive Gel Stren~th A Volatile Slllcone - GE 27017~0 B Water Soluble Cetyl Alcoholl 405 C Ethoxy Propoxycetyl Alcohol2 750 D Isoprspyl Myri~tate 835 E Isopropyl Isostearate 805 F Glycerine 1005 G Propylene Glycol 1030 10 H Glycerol Monostearate 570 I Cetyl Alcohol 780 J Ethoxylated Lanolin3 240 1 - Procetyl-ethoxy cetyl p 2 - Oxyl~
~`~ 3 - Solan-Croda A slurry of amylose and water were cooked at 310F. at a back pressure of 50 p8i and a quench water flow of 9.1~ using hot water at about 140F. The pump speed 20 was 172 RPM. A sampling o~ about 1500 ml was collected and 300 grams of dry aluminum chlorhydroxide was added with 1 gram perfume ~nd 1 gram pigment. The gels sat overnight and, when tested, had a gel strength of 1010. The gel~
had ~ ~inal compositlon as follows:
Alumlnum chlorhydroxide 20000 Amylose 5.54 Perfume, pigment, water to 100~

~ C~enOte~ tr~ Je ~rl<

The gels were too hard and did not wear away sufficiently to dispense the astrlngent salt. However, this does show that gels can be made by adding the astringent salt after the amylo~e is cooked.

Claims (10)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A stick composition for a material to be applied to a surface by rubbing the applicator over the surface, said applicator including from 2.5-15% by weight amylose, which has been cooked at a temperature of 300-340°F and at a pressure of 60-100 psig for 1.5 to 5 minutes wherein the amylose is present as starch having an amylose content of 50-100% by weight, from 0.05-30% by weight of an active agent selected from antiperspirant astringent salts, deodorant compositions, or mixtures thereof, from 0-15% by weight of a cosmetic addition, and the balance water.

2. The stick composition of claim 1 wherein the active agent is an antiperspirant astringent salt and is present in an amount of from 1-30% by weight.

3. The stick composition of claim 2 wherein the astringent is an aluminum salt, a zirconium salt, or mixtures thereof.

4. The stick composition of claim 1, wherein the astringent is selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorhydroxide, zirconium chloride, zirconium chlorhydroxide, and mixtures thereof.

5. The stick composition of claim 1 wherein the astringent salt is present in an amount of from 5-25% by weight.

6. The stick composition of claim 1 wherein the active agent is a deodorant.

7. The stick composition of claim 6, wherein the deodorant is a bactericide and is present in an amount of 0.05-5% by weight.

8. The stick composition of claim 1 wherein the amylose is present in an amount of from 4-10% by weight.

9. The stick composition of claim 1 wherein the amylose is present in an amount of from 5-7% by weight.

10. The stick composition according to claim 1, wherein the cosmetic additions include from 0-10% by weight of a perfume and from 0-5% by weight of a coloring agent.