CA1112985A - Planing saw blade and system for lumber manufacturing - Google Patents
Planing saw blade and system for lumber manufacturingInfo
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- CA1112985A CA1112985A CA340,742A CA340742A CA1112985A CA 1112985 A CA1112985 A CA 1112985A CA 340742 A CA340742 A CA 340742A CA 1112985 A CA1112985 A CA 1112985A
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Abstract
PLANING SAW BLADE AND SYSTEM FOR LUMBER MANUFACTURING
ABSTRACT
Sawing and chipping apparatus to effect the production of entirely finished planed surfaces on lumber products from a cant of a size to produce a plurality of similar or different sizes of products therefrom and including two cooperating assemblies of saw blades and intermediate chipping cutters mounted on parallel arbors offset linearly and on opposite sides of the cant while being sawed, the saw blades having substantially radial slots along which elongated straight carbide planing blades are mounted in addition to carbide cutting tips on the saw teeth to cooperate to effect a complete cut through said cant and simultaneously plane the full width of all sawed surfaces, and additionally use the chipping cutters simultaneously to finish the opposite edges of the sawed product as formed, the cutting edges of the chipping cutters being parallel to the arbors and the ends being sharpened and projecting a limited distance to simultaneously form rounded corners on all edges of the products as produced.
ABSTRACT
Sawing and chipping apparatus to effect the production of entirely finished planed surfaces on lumber products from a cant of a size to produce a plurality of similar or different sizes of products therefrom and including two cooperating assemblies of saw blades and intermediate chipping cutters mounted on parallel arbors offset linearly and on opposite sides of the cant while being sawed, the saw blades having substantially radial slots along which elongated straight carbide planing blades are mounted in addition to carbide cutting tips on the saw teeth to cooperate to effect a complete cut through said cant and simultaneously plane the full width of all sawed surfaces, and additionally use the chipping cutters simultaneously to finish the opposite edges of the sawed product as formed, the cutting edges of the chipping cutters being parallel to the arbors and the ends being sharpened and projecting a limited distance to simultaneously form rounded corners on all edges of the products as produced.
Description
BACKGROUND OF TIIE INVENTION
The present invention actually comprises a carrying forward lof the applicant's invention comprising the subject nlatter of his ¦
¦~prior U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741, dated March 1, 1977, and entitled¦
¦IWOODWORKING MACIIINE. The machine of that patent constitutes a pair of gang saw arrangements cooperating to attack a beam or cant¦
from opposite sldes with the respective pairs of saws in common planes perpendicular to the axes of the arbors upon which the gang ¦!saws are mounted and said axes being linearly offset to insure ~Ithat each of the saws will cut slightly more than one-half the depth of the cut to be made in the cant by the saws of each aligned Ilpair and thereby produce a single cut by the use of saw blades ¦Iwhich are only of a slightly greater diameter than the entire ¦depth of the complete cut to be made in the cant. By such an larrangement, saw blades of only slightly greater diameter than the ~depth of the cant may be employed to make a single cut, as dis-tinguished from normal procedure in which saw blades of a diameter more than twice the depth of the cant to be sawed must be employed l~owever, in carrying forward the use of such machine, lt now has ¦¦been developed by the applicant that in addition to the cooperat-¦ing pairs of saws having sawing teeth thereon, they can be con-¦verted to perform a planing function by a relatively simple ¦lexpedient of providing substantially radial slots in the saw blades lland attaching straight carbide planing blades along the trailing lledge of said slots in the direction of rotation of the saw blades,¦
l details of which are set forth hereinafter.
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,'. i Tllr PRIOR ~RT
The use of planing blades in saws is not new. Exemplary ~¦of prior devices are U.S. Patent No. 3,344,822, to Wilder, dated ¦¦Oct. 3, 1967, and 3,730,038 to Farb, dated May 1, 1973. In WilderJ
¦¦planing blades of very limited length extend substantially radiallJ
l¦inward from a location near the outer periphery of the saw blade, ¦Isaid blades respectively being attached, such as by welding to ~opposite surfaces of the saw blade, whereby the same cooperate ¦¦with replaceable cutting points of hardened nature, such as ¦Itungsten carbide or high carbon steel, which are fixed to the leadlng corners of the saw teeth.
¦ The Farb patent discloses a saw blade having tungsten ~carbide tips applied to the saw teeth and three radial slots ex- ¦
l¦tend a substantial distance into the saw blade from the periphery ¦
¦,thereof toward the axis, said slots each having planing blades respectively about one-third the length of each of the slots and ~progressively mounted at different positions along said slots in al ~manner whereby the planing blades cooperate with each other in an ¦
!leffort to plane a surface substantially as wide as the length of llthe slots in the saw blade.
ll In regard to the carbide tips on saw blades, certain types ¦¦of which comprise an important part of the present invention, ¦¦there is illustrated in prior U.S. Patent No. 3,380,497, to La ¦IVelle, dated ~pril 30, 1968, what is described as planer teeth Iwhich are somewhat in the shape of an elongated elipse, the centra~
,portions of the opposite edges of which are suhstantially straight¦
¦and are defined as planing edges, said planer teeth being attached ,to certain of the saw teeth intermediately between pairs of actual 1. 1 Isaw teeth which are also formed with added tips comprising cutter ¦Iteeth. Said tips and planer teeth are formed from hard material, ¦Isuch as carbide.
ll Except for the Farb patent construction, surfaces of only ¦
llrelatively narrow widths may be planed by the saw blades of Wilder¦
~and even narrower widths by the planing teeth of La Velle. Furthel the cooperating, radially differently mounted side cutting teeth, which obviously are staggered, require very precise dimensioning ofl l¦said teeth in order to produce a smoothly planed surface having no¦
lltooth marks thereon.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The principal objective of the present invention is to form by a single pass through a combination sawing and planing l¦system, completely planed, finished lumber products, such as ,boards and/or beams, studs and the like, one typical example of which is a conventional 2 x 4, a plurality of the same being ,Iformed from a cant of suitable cross-sectional dimenslons, the corners of such lumber product also being rounded incident to the ¦
Imaking of said single pass of the cant through the machine. This ¦Idesired result is achieved by employing similar gangs or assemblies f saw blades and chipping cutters disposed intermediately betweenl said saw blades on arbors to which the blades and cutters are keyed to insure positive driving operation, the arbors being arranged ~jsimilarly as in the applicant's aforementioned U.S. patent, No.
114,009,741, in order to effect a single complete cut by pairs of saw blades disposed in a common plane perpendicular to the axes ofl ~the arbors, but in addition to such arrangement, the saw blades are l,provided with slots extending radially therein a substantial .1. 1 , - 4 -i, I
. I ........ .. ~
I'distance, terminating relatively close to the arbor hole in the sa~
¦l~blades and a tungsten carbide planiny blade of grea-ter width than ¦Ithe thickness of the blade being firmly affixed to the trailing lledge of each of said slots and the opposite edges of said planing Il¦blades being continuous and straight, the intermediate saw teeth ¦~of the blade also being provided with carbide tips having a width ¦Ino greater than that of any part of the planing blades and being ¦relatively short as compared with said planing blades, whereby a Illcut of appreciable depth is capable of being formed by each of said ¦Icooperating pairs of combination sawing and planing blades, the ¦Isawed surfaces thereby produced also simultaneously being planed ¦Ito a finished surface. I
¦l Another object of the invention is to augment the produc- ¦
; ¦tion of finished surfaces on lumber products incident to making Il, one pass of the cant through the machine by providing intermediate Illy of the saw blades, chipping cutters of a width substantially ¦lequal to that of the thickness of the product to-be sawed and . I
planed, said chipping cutters having cutting edges parallel to the¦
llaxis thereof and the radius of said cutters being substantially lless than the saws, said cutting edges terminating at the ends ¦~thereof in curved projections formed on a radius to produce con-¦¦ventional rounded edges at all corners of the product, whereby the~
¦Ifinished product meets all standard requirements of the lumbering llindustry relative to planed, finished lumber, yet the same is ¦~lproduced by a saw system, and no subsequent planing operation is required A further object of the invention is to provide said plan-¦
ing blades with opposite edges which taper very slightly outwardly~
' ~ .
s l¦from the outer ends thereof to the inner ends thereof, such ilincrease in wid~h of the inner ends preferably amounting only to a few thousandths of an inch over the thickness of the outer ends ~¦of said planing blades, whereby the cooperating blades on pairs 5 ¦1 of saw blades in common planes insure the production of smoothly ¦ planed opposite surfaces on the products, free of any lines or llother forms of saw marks, thereby simulating and being fully ¦¦comparable wlth conventionally planed opposite surfaces or faces ~¦of lumber products, especially beams, studs and other similar l¦products, as well as conventional boards of various sizes, llparticularly those products requiring rounded corners along all l edges thereof.
,I Still another object of the invention is to provide the llcarbide tips on the saw blades with angular side edges on the ! outer ends, but the maximum width of the tips being no greater than the width of the outer ends of the planing blades and the opposite side edges of said tip being tapered a limited extent radially inward to provide ready clearance of said tips incident Ito effecting sawing operations, and not interferring with the 20 1I planing operation of the planing blades, the opposite side surfaces ¦lof said tips also preferably sloping rearwardly and inwardly from ¦
the forward operative races of the tips, thereby providing further I~clearance during the operation of the saws.
j! Still another object of the invention is to form the for-~¦ward faces of the planing blades with a full length relativelyshallow groove having angularly related sides and the side edges of the blades also being tapered inward and rearward, thereby to pro-l vide substantially sharper cutting edges for planing than provided¦
by a right angle in cross-section, for example.
Still another object of the invention is to provide the radius of the cutting edges of the chippiny cutters at a radial distance which is Slightly greater than the distance of the inner~
~l ends of the planing blades from the axis of the cutters, whereby ' l¦ there is at least a limited overlapping of the cutting operationsl incident to forming the rounded corner on the products and thereby insure a continuous finished surface on the opposite sides and cornersof the product produced by the machine. I
I A still further object of the invention is to extend the ¦
l¦ opposite planing edges of the planing blades beyond the adjacent ,~ surfaces of the base saw member a sufficient limited distance to I¦ afford clearance during the operation of said planing blades in a manner to render the saw blades self-clearing of shavings and ¦l other waste wood particles, thereby eliminating any nécessity of ¦' providing other waste clearing means on the blades or otherwise.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a , method by which finished, fully planed-lumber products may be formed while separating a cant into a plurality of such products, ¦I the products also preferably being formed with rounded edges at 1 all corners of the product, and the entire operation being effected by a single pass of the raw, base material, such as a Il cant, through the machine comprising the present invention.
l, Details of the foregoing objects and of the invention, ¦l as well as other objects thereof, are set forth in the following ~I specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprising a part thereof.
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. _ _ D~;.TAIL~D DrJscRIpTIoN OF Tilr, Dr~wINGs Fig. 1 is a fragmentary illustration of a typical multiple Il blade woodworking machine, capable of producing a plurality of j similar or differently dimensioned lumber products by a single 1l pass through the machine, said machine embodying the principles of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 1.
ll Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section of a part of the¦
1¦ machine shown in Fig. 2, as seen on the line 3-3 thereof, the scale of Fig. 3 being larger than that employed in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a further enlarged face view of a saw blade Il embodying the principles of the present invention and superimposed lll coaxially thereon is a chipping cutter cooperable with the saw ¦! blade and comprising part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical elevation, showing on a 1 larger scale than in Fig. 4, the preferred shape of the carbide ¦I tips of the saw blades, as seen on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.
Il Fig. 6 is a fragmentary end view of the saw blade and tip jl shown in Fig. 5, as seen from the line 6-6 thereof.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a planing blade of the , type carried by the saw shown in Fig. 4, and illustrated on a li larger scale than in said figure, said blade being mounted upon a~
Il fragmentary portion of said blade and an exemplary saw blade tip ¦ being shown in phantom in relation to the outer end of said planing blade.
', Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section view of the '.! planing blade, shown in Fig. 7, as seen on the line 8-8 thereof. ¦
1~. 1 ,l -8-I! ! ~
Fig.9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view on a sub-stantially larger scale than used in Fig. 3, and showing in ! greater detail the relationship of the inner or root ends of the ¦
I planing cutters relative to the sharpened ends of the chipping ¦I cutters for purposes of producing the rounded corners of the finished product i Fig. 10 is an end view of the chipping cutter shown in Fig. 4, as seen from the line 10-10 thereof.
j¦ ~ET~ILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRE~ERRED EMBODIMENT
10 I Notwithstanding the fact that so-called planing saw ~ blades have been developed heretofore, the present invention ¦I represents a distinct improvement thereover, particularly when the cornbined saw and planing blades of the present invention are !l utilized in a woodworking machine, for example, such as that 1I disclosed and claimed in the applicant's prior patent, No.
,1 4,009,741, referred to hereinabove. The principal object, therefore, of the present invèntion is to employ combination sawing and planing blades in such a machine as that shown in the ¦
Ij applicant's prior patent to effect production of completely ¦ planed products by the use of saw blades, as distinguished from planing mills and the like as an additional operation, and the diameter of said combination saw and planing blades being very substantially less than that of the saw blades disclosed in the ¦~i aforementioned prior art patents, in addition to insuring im-~i proved planed surfaces over those produced by said prior art saw ¦blades having planing means thereon.
Referring to Figs. 1-3, it will be seen that the wood-working machine with which the combination sawing and planing _ 9_ ~ L
!l . I
blades of ~ile present inven~ion preferably are used comprises a !I base 10 upo~l which is mounted a plurality of rotatable supporting !
¦~ rollers 12 upon which a cant 14 of tiMber is supported and moved ¦
I! in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and 2, certain of 5 ¦I the rollers 12 being positively driven to effect such feeding movement of the cant 14 with respect to the similar gangs 16 and 18 comprising axially spaced sawing and planing blacles 20 and ~' chipping cutters 22 which are mounted intermediately between the ~
!! succession of blades 20. A11 of said sawing and planing blades 20, 1l as well as chipping cutters 22, are provided with arbc,r holes 24,¦
best shown in Fig. 4, for mounting of said blades and cutters upon a pair of preferably cantilever type, parallel arbors 26 and 28.
The arbor holes are provided with key-receiving notches 30, see Il Fig. 4, and the arbors 26 and 28 have splines 32 extending 11 longitudinally for the reception of rotation-preventing elongated¦
Il keys 33, the outer portions of which are disposed in each key-'j receiving notch 30, respectively formed in the sawing and planing¦
ji blades 20 and chipping cutters 22, thus, effecting positive I, rotation of said blades and cutters in the woodworklng machine as¦
!! the arbors 26 and 28 are rotated by power means, not shown in the ¦ present drawings, but attention is directed to said applicant'sprior U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741 for a highly appropriate type of power means.
!¦ The plurality of axially spaced sawing and planing blades 20 between which the chipping cutters 22 are mounted are all main-! tained upon the arbors 26 and 28 by suitable locking nuts 34, andto insure the feeding of a cant 14 through the machine, as ; indicated above, pressure rollers 36 engage the upper surface of . : ,.
the cant 14, as diagrammatically shown in Figs. 1 and 2, said rollers preferably being of the type also shown in applicant's aforementioned prior patent, to which attention is directed for details thereof. As in accordance with said prior patent, the arbors 26 and 28 preferably are rotated in opposite directions, as indicated by the directional arrows on the gangs 16 and 18, shown in Fig. 2, for purposes of maximizing the effective sawing, planing and cutting actions of the woodworking elements mounted in said gangs 16 and 18.
10 1l Especially for purposes of minimizing the need to sharpen the sawing, cutting and planing edges on the combination sawing and planing blades 20, as well as the chipping cutters 22, all of the actual sawing, planing and chipping cutter elements per se are formed from tungsten carbide, hereinafter referred to as "carbide". Further, to describe a typical operation of the plan-ing and saw blade system comprising the present invention, Figs.
3 show a cant 14 of suitable dimensions, such as one which is approximately six inches thick and ten inches wide for purposes of making five 2 x 5 inch beams from said cant. Actual commercial dimensions of a conventional 2 x 6 inch beam are about 1 3/4 inches thick by 5 3/4 inches wide. However, it is inherent with the pairs of saws employed in applicant's prior woodworking machine described andclaimed in said aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741 that said saw blades are substantially thinner than the conventional larger diameter saw blades which are used singlyl to form a cut in a log or cant of the same depth as formed by the¦
blades of the present invention, as well as those in applicant's I
prior patent in which a pair of blades cooperate to form a single cut, thereby minimizing the waste in the form of sawdust and ~ --11-- I
¦l chips as distinguished from those produced by conventional blades ¦¦ Accordingly, more of a cant or log is utilized in finished ¦
products by the present invention, and said prior woodworking j, machine than by conventional sawing methods employing thicker ll blades.
Due to the fact that the principal overall objective of the present invention is to produce completely planed products, Il such as boards of various dimensions, 2 x 4 studs, 2 x 6 beams, ¦¦ etc., all of which have rounded corners and all of which are 10 10 ll produced by a single pass through the woodworking machine, the gang of blades 20 and chipping cutters 22 preferably are sized with respect to a typical cant 14 so that, as shown in Fig. 3, ~1 a plurality of finished products 38 are produced simultaneously Il but toinsure that the outer surfaces of the outermost products 38 ,I will be suitably planed, the outermost blades 20 are spaced apart slightly less than the 10-inch width of the cant 14, whereby a Il pair of relatively thin side members 40 will be formed but, 'l especially if suitably dimensioned, will not constitute waste and , can be subsequently shaped into smaller useful pieces. It also l is to be considered that all of the foregoing dimensions, as well¦
jl as most of those referred to hereinafter are solely exemplary and~
ill not restrictive.
i! Referring to Fig. 4, in which a typical exemplary com-bination sawing and planing blade 20 is shown in plan view, in 1 association with an exemplary chipping cutter 22, which is super-imposed thereon to simplify the illustration of both, and also to~
illustrate a preferred indexed arrangement of the same, it will be seen that the saw 20 comprises a flat base member 42 which, , !
I, -12- 1 l: ) ~'1 by way of example, may be approximately .085 inches thick, said ~I dimension not being restrictive since the same will vary in ¦~ accordance with the diameter of blades which may be required, for l~ example, to form relatively small or very large products requirinc I different depths of saw cuts. The periphery of the base member 42 ¦ is provided with a plurality of evenly-spaced notches 44, which form cutting tee-th and a plurality of substantially radially extending slots 46. From Fig. 4, it will be seen that the slots 1l 46 extend a very substantial distance inward from the periphery ll of the base member 42 of the saw, such depth preferably being Il greater than one-fourth the diameter of the saw blade for purposes ¦I to be described below. The leading faces of the saw blade ¦¦ notches 44, in relation to the direction of rotation thereof, are ¦I provided with tungsten carbide tips 48, the preferred shape of 1I which in plan view is best shown in Fig. 5. In said figure, it will be seen that the opposite side edges taper radially inward, toward the opposite surfaces of the base member 42 a limited extent, such as of the order of about 5, as indicated in Fig. 5.
', Further, the outer end 50 is transverse to the longitudinal axis 11 of the tip 48 and additional angular end portions 52 extend ¦ between the ends of the transverse edge 50 and the outermost ends Il of the side edges 54, which taper inwardly as aforesaid. All of ¦I the e~ges 50, 52 and 54 taper slightly inward and rearward from ¦I the forward face of the tips 48, as illustrated, for example, in 1l Fig. 6, wherein it will be seen that the side edges 54 taper a limited amount, such as of the order of approximately 3.
The notches 44 and the carbide tips 48 referred to above constitute sawing elements and, by way of example, without I I .
Z3'~j ! restriction, it has been found that -the widest portion of the tips which is at the junction of the angular end portions 52 and the ~I side edges 54, is approximately .140 inches wide, whereby it can ¦~ be seen that the opposite edges preferably extend equal distances ¦I from the outer surfaces of the blade base member 42 which, as Il indicated above, has an exemplary thickness of .085 inches. Thus, ¦l a certain amount of clearance is provided between the cutting ¦ edges of the tips 48 and the opposite surfaces or faces of the ¦ base saw mernber 42 of the blade. The outer ends of all of the tips 48 extend radially equal distances from the axis of the saw.
Il Although it has been stated above that the slots 46 ex-!! tend substantially radially with respect to the axis of the com-¦¦ bination sawing and planing bla~es 20, it is preferred that said l slots 46 extend appreciable distances toward the axis of the blades but, preferably if the inner ends of the slots were pro-¦l jected, such projections would be substantially tangential to the¦
i arbor hole 24 for the following purpose: Attached to the trailing edge of the slots 46 are elongated, straight tungsten carbide ¦, planing blade strips 56 ! which extend for the full length of the ¦
li trailing edges of said slots 46 but, as shown in Fig. 7, the ! outer ends of said planing blade strips 56 terminate a little ¦ distance inward from the radial dimension of the outer ends of the carbide tips 48, the outer ends 58 also preferably being Ij perpendicular to the plane of the blade base member 42. Further,¦
~ by way of example, the opposite side edges 60 of the strips 56 .
taper a very limited amount which is somewhat exaggerated in Fig.¦
~i 7, for visual purposes. As an example of width, however, the outer ends 58 of the strips 56 are approximately .140 inches, '' -14-I' ,,, l1 1 ~, . .,_,i ~while the inner or root end 62 of the strips 56 is approximately 1! .145 inches in width. Further, referring to Fig. 8, which is a ¦¦transverse sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, it will be !iseen that the ~orward faces of strips 56 are provided with a ¦I shallow groove defined by angularly related sides 64 extending the full length of the groove. Further, the opposite side edges 60 ¦taper rearwardly and inwardly from the forward face of the strips 156 a limited extend. Said groove and tapered sides provide an a-l¦cute angle which, for example, may be of the order of about 80 land thereby enhance each other to provide increased sharpness of the planing edges 66, as compared to a right angle, for example, ~jas well as providing clearance for the planing action of the plan-¦¦ing blades 56 which move in the direction of the arrow shown in ¦¦Fig. 8.
¦¦ The length of the planing blade strips 56 is dimensioned llto be fully adequate to plane the opposite surfaces of a saw cut !! having a depth preferably slightly greater than half of the width of the finished product 38 to be formed by the pair of gangs of llsaw blades and chipping cutters 20 and 22. Although the opposite 20 il planing edges 66 of the blade strips 56 taper very slightly out-llwardly toward the root ends 62 from the outer ends 58, at least ilfrom a micromatic standpoint, the centers of the opposite planed ¦surfaces on the product members 38 will slope imperceptibly away llfrom a theoretical center line, but such condition is optically 11 impossible to detect, whereby the opposite planed surfaces of the ¦product members 38 will qualify according to current standards of I
l¦the lumber industry to comprise actual planed surfaces but, never-¦
¦Itheless, formed by saw blades.
In the conventional production operations, after a Icant has been sawed by individaul cuts to produce a plurality of rough sawed pieces from the cant, said rough sawed .
Il pieces subsequently must be passed throuyh a planing mill to !I provide smooth opposite side surfaces and, in addition, theopposite edges of the rough sawed piece, likewise, must be passed Il at a still further operation, throuyh an additional planing mill, ¦¦ in contrast to a single pass through the woodworking machine Il comprising the present invention producing all finished surfaces ¦¦ simultaneously by said sinyle pass, further details of which are ¦I described hereinafter.
Il To form planed surfaces on the opposite edges of the i¦ product members 38, the chipping cutters 22 between each of the saw blades 20 are provided with cutting and chipping cutters 68, Il which are shown in end view in Fig. 4 and in plan view in ; 1l exemplary manner in Fig. 9. Preferably, the cutters 68 also are ¦~ formed from tungsten carbide and are fixedly connected to radial li projections 70 on the chlpping cutters 22, and the inner edges of the chipping cutters 68 abut relief areas 72 on the periphery of ¦ the chipping cutters 22, which have the following function:
! The radial dimension of the outer chipping edges of the cutters 68 is slightly greater than the distance between the ll ~l inner ends of the planing blade strips 56 and the axis of the sawing and planing blades 20. No conflict exists between the ¦ opposite ends of the chipping cutters 68 and the root ends 62 of ¦
¦ the planing blade strips 56 due to the inner end 62 being dis-,~ posed within the relief areas 72, notwithstanding the fact that the opposite end surfaces of the chipping cutters 22 abut the il side faces of the sawing and planing blades 20 and the opposite edyes of the planing blade strips 56 extend beyond said surfaces.¦
The relationship of the inner or root ends 62 of the ~ !i i ... , . . . , . _ _ 'I I
planing blade strips 56 with respect to the intermediate trans-verse surface of the chipping cutters 68 is best illustrated in exemplary manner in Fig. 9, and from this it will be seen that Il even though the opposite edges of the planing blade strips 56 are ¦ somewhat exaggerated in relative positions thereof with respect to the opposite surfaces of the exemplary finished product 38, it, nevertheless, will be appreciated that the entire side surfaces of the product 38 will be planed and, in addition, the I outer surfaces of the edges 74 of the product members 38, like- ¦
I wise, will be planed to a finished surface. In order that the finished product 38 will further qualify for standard planed and finished products, however, it will be seen that the opposite endl ¦ of the chipping cutters 68 curve outwardly substantially about a ¦
I radius to provide projecting ends 76, which automatically form ¦
¦ the rounded corners 78 on all four edges of the finished product ¦
1! 38. Hence, it will be seen that all finished surfaces required Ij to qualify as standard planed finished lumber, according to U.S.
industrial and commercial standards,are provided simultaneously Il by one pass of the initial cant through the woodworking machine, ¦
¦~ with a minimum of waste chips and maximum usage of the cross-¦¦ sectional mass of the cant, said product being formed solely by ¦ combination sawing and planing blades and chipping cutters between said blades.
1l Also, due to the preferred tangential arrangement of the 1l slots 46 with respect to the arbor hole 24 in the sawing and ' planing blades 20, the planing operation of the planing edges 66 I of the planing blade strips 56, afford at least a limited amount of a draw cut at a receding angle, and thereby produce an even smoother planing operation than if said planing blade strips 56 were disposed actually radially or in an angular leading di-l rection opposite the position of the blade strips 56 with Il respect to a radius through the axis of the saw blade 20, as in ¦ the present invention.
Furthermore, the provision of continuous, straight planin~
!¦ blade strips 56 insure a smoothly planed surface by far less ¦l expensive production means of the blade than in planing blades ¦I where a series of progressively radially-spaced planing segments 10 ~l are provided along a slot in the saw blade. Still further, the ~ -provision of such single planing blade strips 56 secured by ¦ welding or brazing to the trailing edge of the substantially ¦ radially extending slots 46, is a more simple and less expensive I
1~ design of blade to produce than if sharpened strips are fixed to ¦
¦I the opposite surfaces of an unslotted saw or planing blade.
! The foregoing description illustrates preferred embodi-ments of the invention. I~owever, concepts employed may, based upon such description, be employed in other embodiments without Il departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the 1l following claims are lntended to protect the invention broadly, I as well as in the speclfic forms shown herein.
, ~ .
ll l , 11~l , . L . . . _ . .
The present invention actually comprises a carrying forward lof the applicant's invention comprising the subject nlatter of his ¦
¦~prior U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741, dated March 1, 1977, and entitled¦
¦IWOODWORKING MACIIINE. The machine of that patent constitutes a pair of gang saw arrangements cooperating to attack a beam or cant¦
from opposite sldes with the respective pairs of saws in common planes perpendicular to the axes of the arbors upon which the gang ¦!saws are mounted and said axes being linearly offset to insure ~Ithat each of the saws will cut slightly more than one-half the depth of the cut to be made in the cant by the saws of each aligned Ilpair and thereby produce a single cut by the use of saw blades ¦Iwhich are only of a slightly greater diameter than the entire ¦depth of the complete cut to be made in the cant. By such an larrangement, saw blades of only slightly greater diameter than the ~depth of the cant may be employed to make a single cut, as dis-tinguished from normal procedure in which saw blades of a diameter more than twice the depth of the cant to be sawed must be employed l~owever, in carrying forward the use of such machine, lt now has ¦¦been developed by the applicant that in addition to the cooperat-¦ing pairs of saws having sawing teeth thereon, they can be con-¦verted to perform a planing function by a relatively simple ¦lexpedient of providing substantially radial slots in the saw blades lland attaching straight carbide planing blades along the trailing lledge of said slots in the direction of rotation of the saw blades,¦
l details of which are set forth hereinafter.
., ~
,~, 2 ~ I
,'. i Tllr PRIOR ~RT
The use of planing blades in saws is not new. Exemplary ~¦of prior devices are U.S. Patent No. 3,344,822, to Wilder, dated ¦¦Oct. 3, 1967, and 3,730,038 to Farb, dated May 1, 1973. In WilderJ
¦¦planing blades of very limited length extend substantially radiallJ
l¦inward from a location near the outer periphery of the saw blade, ¦Isaid blades respectively being attached, such as by welding to ~opposite surfaces of the saw blade, whereby the same cooperate ¦¦with replaceable cutting points of hardened nature, such as ¦Itungsten carbide or high carbon steel, which are fixed to the leadlng corners of the saw teeth.
¦ The Farb patent discloses a saw blade having tungsten ~carbide tips applied to the saw teeth and three radial slots ex- ¦
l¦tend a substantial distance into the saw blade from the periphery ¦
¦,thereof toward the axis, said slots each having planing blades respectively about one-third the length of each of the slots and ~progressively mounted at different positions along said slots in al ~manner whereby the planing blades cooperate with each other in an ¦
!leffort to plane a surface substantially as wide as the length of llthe slots in the saw blade.
ll In regard to the carbide tips on saw blades, certain types ¦¦of which comprise an important part of the present invention, ¦¦there is illustrated in prior U.S. Patent No. 3,380,497, to La ¦IVelle, dated ~pril 30, 1968, what is described as planer teeth Iwhich are somewhat in the shape of an elongated elipse, the centra~
,portions of the opposite edges of which are suhstantially straight¦
¦and are defined as planing edges, said planer teeth being attached ,to certain of the saw teeth intermediately between pairs of actual 1. 1 Isaw teeth which are also formed with added tips comprising cutter ¦Iteeth. Said tips and planer teeth are formed from hard material, ¦Isuch as carbide.
ll Except for the Farb patent construction, surfaces of only ¦
llrelatively narrow widths may be planed by the saw blades of Wilder¦
~and even narrower widths by the planing teeth of La Velle. Furthel the cooperating, radially differently mounted side cutting teeth, which obviously are staggered, require very precise dimensioning ofl l¦said teeth in order to produce a smoothly planed surface having no¦
lltooth marks thereon.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The principal objective of the present invention is to form by a single pass through a combination sawing and planing l¦system, completely planed, finished lumber products, such as ,boards and/or beams, studs and the like, one typical example of which is a conventional 2 x 4, a plurality of the same being ,Iformed from a cant of suitable cross-sectional dimenslons, the corners of such lumber product also being rounded incident to the ¦
Imaking of said single pass of the cant through the machine. This ¦Idesired result is achieved by employing similar gangs or assemblies f saw blades and chipping cutters disposed intermediately betweenl said saw blades on arbors to which the blades and cutters are keyed to insure positive driving operation, the arbors being arranged ~jsimilarly as in the applicant's aforementioned U.S. patent, No.
114,009,741, in order to effect a single complete cut by pairs of saw blades disposed in a common plane perpendicular to the axes ofl ~the arbors, but in addition to such arrangement, the saw blades are l,provided with slots extending radially therein a substantial .1. 1 , - 4 -i, I
. I ........ .. ~
I'distance, terminating relatively close to the arbor hole in the sa~
¦l~blades and a tungsten carbide planiny blade of grea-ter width than ¦Ithe thickness of the blade being firmly affixed to the trailing lledge of each of said slots and the opposite edges of said planing Il¦blades being continuous and straight, the intermediate saw teeth ¦~of the blade also being provided with carbide tips having a width ¦Ino greater than that of any part of the planing blades and being ¦relatively short as compared with said planing blades, whereby a Illcut of appreciable depth is capable of being formed by each of said ¦Icooperating pairs of combination sawing and planing blades, the ¦Isawed surfaces thereby produced also simultaneously being planed ¦Ito a finished surface. I
¦l Another object of the invention is to augment the produc- ¦
; ¦tion of finished surfaces on lumber products incident to making Il, one pass of the cant through the machine by providing intermediate Illy of the saw blades, chipping cutters of a width substantially ¦lequal to that of the thickness of the product to-be sawed and . I
planed, said chipping cutters having cutting edges parallel to the¦
llaxis thereof and the radius of said cutters being substantially lless than the saws, said cutting edges terminating at the ends ¦~thereof in curved projections formed on a radius to produce con-¦¦ventional rounded edges at all corners of the product, whereby the~
¦Ifinished product meets all standard requirements of the lumbering llindustry relative to planed, finished lumber, yet the same is ¦~lproduced by a saw system, and no subsequent planing operation is required A further object of the invention is to provide said plan-¦
ing blades with opposite edges which taper very slightly outwardly~
' ~ .
s l¦from the outer ends thereof to the inner ends thereof, such ilincrease in wid~h of the inner ends preferably amounting only to a few thousandths of an inch over the thickness of the outer ends ~¦of said planing blades, whereby the cooperating blades on pairs 5 ¦1 of saw blades in common planes insure the production of smoothly ¦ planed opposite surfaces on the products, free of any lines or llother forms of saw marks, thereby simulating and being fully ¦¦comparable wlth conventionally planed opposite surfaces or faces ~¦of lumber products, especially beams, studs and other similar l¦products, as well as conventional boards of various sizes, llparticularly those products requiring rounded corners along all l edges thereof.
,I Still another object of the invention is to provide the llcarbide tips on the saw blades with angular side edges on the ! outer ends, but the maximum width of the tips being no greater than the width of the outer ends of the planing blades and the opposite side edges of said tip being tapered a limited extent radially inward to provide ready clearance of said tips incident Ito effecting sawing operations, and not interferring with the 20 1I planing operation of the planing blades, the opposite side surfaces ¦lof said tips also preferably sloping rearwardly and inwardly from ¦
the forward operative races of the tips, thereby providing further I~clearance during the operation of the saws.
j! Still another object of the invention is to form the for-~¦ward faces of the planing blades with a full length relativelyshallow groove having angularly related sides and the side edges of the blades also being tapered inward and rearward, thereby to pro-l vide substantially sharper cutting edges for planing than provided¦
by a right angle in cross-section, for example.
Still another object of the invention is to provide the radius of the cutting edges of the chippiny cutters at a radial distance which is Slightly greater than the distance of the inner~
~l ends of the planing blades from the axis of the cutters, whereby ' l¦ there is at least a limited overlapping of the cutting operationsl incident to forming the rounded corner on the products and thereby insure a continuous finished surface on the opposite sides and cornersof the product produced by the machine. I
I A still further object of the invention is to extend the ¦
l¦ opposite planing edges of the planing blades beyond the adjacent ,~ surfaces of the base saw member a sufficient limited distance to I¦ afford clearance during the operation of said planing blades in a manner to render the saw blades self-clearing of shavings and ¦l other waste wood particles, thereby eliminating any nécessity of ¦' providing other waste clearing means on the blades or otherwise.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a , method by which finished, fully planed-lumber products may be formed while separating a cant into a plurality of such products, ¦I the products also preferably being formed with rounded edges at 1 all corners of the product, and the entire operation being effected by a single pass of the raw, base material, such as a Il cant, through the machine comprising the present invention.
l, Details of the foregoing objects and of the invention, ¦l as well as other objects thereof, are set forth in the following ~I specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprising a part thereof.
., -7_ .
. _ _ D~;.TAIL~D DrJscRIpTIoN OF Tilr, Dr~wINGs Fig. 1 is a fragmentary illustration of a typical multiple Il blade woodworking machine, capable of producing a plurality of j similar or differently dimensioned lumber products by a single 1l pass through the machine, said machine embodying the principles of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 1.
ll Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section of a part of the¦
1¦ machine shown in Fig. 2, as seen on the line 3-3 thereof, the scale of Fig. 3 being larger than that employed in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a further enlarged face view of a saw blade Il embodying the principles of the present invention and superimposed lll coaxially thereon is a chipping cutter cooperable with the saw ¦! blade and comprising part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical elevation, showing on a 1 larger scale than in Fig. 4, the preferred shape of the carbide ¦I tips of the saw blades, as seen on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.
Il Fig. 6 is a fragmentary end view of the saw blade and tip jl shown in Fig. 5, as seen from the line 6-6 thereof.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a planing blade of the , type carried by the saw shown in Fig. 4, and illustrated on a li larger scale than in said figure, said blade being mounted upon a~
Il fragmentary portion of said blade and an exemplary saw blade tip ¦ being shown in phantom in relation to the outer end of said planing blade.
', Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section view of the '.! planing blade, shown in Fig. 7, as seen on the line 8-8 thereof. ¦
1~. 1 ,l -8-I! ! ~
Fig.9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view on a sub-stantially larger scale than used in Fig. 3, and showing in ! greater detail the relationship of the inner or root ends of the ¦
I planing cutters relative to the sharpened ends of the chipping ¦I cutters for purposes of producing the rounded corners of the finished product i Fig. 10 is an end view of the chipping cutter shown in Fig. 4, as seen from the line 10-10 thereof.
j¦ ~ET~ILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRE~ERRED EMBODIMENT
10 I Notwithstanding the fact that so-called planing saw ~ blades have been developed heretofore, the present invention ¦I represents a distinct improvement thereover, particularly when the cornbined saw and planing blades of the present invention are !l utilized in a woodworking machine, for example, such as that 1I disclosed and claimed in the applicant's prior patent, No.
,1 4,009,741, referred to hereinabove. The principal object, therefore, of the present invèntion is to employ combination sawing and planing blades in such a machine as that shown in the ¦
Ij applicant's prior patent to effect production of completely ¦ planed products by the use of saw blades, as distinguished from planing mills and the like as an additional operation, and the diameter of said combination saw and planing blades being very substantially less than that of the saw blades disclosed in the ¦~i aforementioned prior art patents, in addition to insuring im-~i proved planed surfaces over those produced by said prior art saw ¦blades having planing means thereon.
Referring to Figs. 1-3, it will be seen that the wood-working machine with which the combination sawing and planing _ 9_ ~ L
!l . I
blades of ~ile present inven~ion preferably are used comprises a !I base 10 upo~l which is mounted a plurality of rotatable supporting !
¦~ rollers 12 upon which a cant 14 of tiMber is supported and moved ¦
I! in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and 2, certain of 5 ¦I the rollers 12 being positively driven to effect such feeding movement of the cant 14 with respect to the similar gangs 16 and 18 comprising axially spaced sawing and planing blacles 20 and ~' chipping cutters 22 which are mounted intermediately between the ~
!! succession of blades 20. A11 of said sawing and planing blades 20, 1l as well as chipping cutters 22, are provided with arbc,r holes 24,¦
best shown in Fig. 4, for mounting of said blades and cutters upon a pair of preferably cantilever type, parallel arbors 26 and 28.
The arbor holes are provided with key-receiving notches 30, see Il Fig. 4, and the arbors 26 and 28 have splines 32 extending 11 longitudinally for the reception of rotation-preventing elongated¦
Il keys 33, the outer portions of which are disposed in each key-'j receiving notch 30, respectively formed in the sawing and planing¦
ji blades 20 and chipping cutters 22, thus, effecting positive I, rotation of said blades and cutters in the woodworklng machine as¦
!! the arbors 26 and 28 are rotated by power means, not shown in the ¦ present drawings, but attention is directed to said applicant'sprior U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741 for a highly appropriate type of power means.
!¦ The plurality of axially spaced sawing and planing blades 20 between which the chipping cutters 22 are mounted are all main-! tained upon the arbors 26 and 28 by suitable locking nuts 34, andto insure the feeding of a cant 14 through the machine, as ; indicated above, pressure rollers 36 engage the upper surface of . : ,.
the cant 14, as diagrammatically shown in Figs. 1 and 2, said rollers preferably being of the type also shown in applicant's aforementioned prior patent, to which attention is directed for details thereof. As in accordance with said prior patent, the arbors 26 and 28 preferably are rotated in opposite directions, as indicated by the directional arrows on the gangs 16 and 18, shown in Fig. 2, for purposes of maximizing the effective sawing, planing and cutting actions of the woodworking elements mounted in said gangs 16 and 18.
10 1l Especially for purposes of minimizing the need to sharpen the sawing, cutting and planing edges on the combination sawing and planing blades 20, as well as the chipping cutters 22, all of the actual sawing, planing and chipping cutter elements per se are formed from tungsten carbide, hereinafter referred to as "carbide". Further, to describe a typical operation of the plan-ing and saw blade system comprising the present invention, Figs.
3 show a cant 14 of suitable dimensions, such as one which is approximately six inches thick and ten inches wide for purposes of making five 2 x 5 inch beams from said cant. Actual commercial dimensions of a conventional 2 x 6 inch beam are about 1 3/4 inches thick by 5 3/4 inches wide. However, it is inherent with the pairs of saws employed in applicant's prior woodworking machine described andclaimed in said aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 4,009,741 that said saw blades are substantially thinner than the conventional larger diameter saw blades which are used singlyl to form a cut in a log or cant of the same depth as formed by the¦
blades of the present invention, as well as those in applicant's I
prior patent in which a pair of blades cooperate to form a single cut, thereby minimizing the waste in the form of sawdust and ~ --11-- I
¦l chips as distinguished from those produced by conventional blades ¦¦ Accordingly, more of a cant or log is utilized in finished ¦
products by the present invention, and said prior woodworking j, machine than by conventional sawing methods employing thicker ll blades.
Due to the fact that the principal overall objective of the present invention is to produce completely planed products, Il such as boards of various dimensions, 2 x 4 studs, 2 x 6 beams, ¦¦ etc., all of which have rounded corners and all of which are 10 10 ll produced by a single pass through the woodworking machine, the gang of blades 20 and chipping cutters 22 preferably are sized with respect to a typical cant 14 so that, as shown in Fig. 3, ~1 a plurality of finished products 38 are produced simultaneously Il but toinsure that the outer surfaces of the outermost products 38 ,I will be suitably planed, the outermost blades 20 are spaced apart slightly less than the 10-inch width of the cant 14, whereby a Il pair of relatively thin side members 40 will be formed but, 'l especially if suitably dimensioned, will not constitute waste and , can be subsequently shaped into smaller useful pieces. It also l is to be considered that all of the foregoing dimensions, as well¦
jl as most of those referred to hereinafter are solely exemplary and~
ill not restrictive.
i! Referring to Fig. 4, in which a typical exemplary com-bination sawing and planing blade 20 is shown in plan view, in 1 association with an exemplary chipping cutter 22, which is super-imposed thereon to simplify the illustration of both, and also to~
illustrate a preferred indexed arrangement of the same, it will be seen that the saw 20 comprises a flat base member 42 which, , !
I, -12- 1 l: ) ~'1 by way of example, may be approximately .085 inches thick, said ~I dimension not being restrictive since the same will vary in ¦~ accordance with the diameter of blades which may be required, for l~ example, to form relatively small or very large products requirinc I different depths of saw cuts. The periphery of the base member 42 ¦ is provided with a plurality of evenly-spaced notches 44, which form cutting tee-th and a plurality of substantially radially extending slots 46. From Fig. 4, it will be seen that the slots 1l 46 extend a very substantial distance inward from the periphery ll of the base member 42 of the saw, such depth preferably being Il greater than one-fourth the diameter of the saw blade for purposes ¦I to be described below. The leading faces of the saw blade ¦¦ notches 44, in relation to the direction of rotation thereof, are ¦I provided with tungsten carbide tips 48, the preferred shape of 1I which in plan view is best shown in Fig. 5. In said figure, it will be seen that the opposite side edges taper radially inward, toward the opposite surfaces of the base member 42 a limited extent, such as of the order of about 5, as indicated in Fig. 5.
', Further, the outer end 50 is transverse to the longitudinal axis 11 of the tip 48 and additional angular end portions 52 extend ¦ between the ends of the transverse edge 50 and the outermost ends Il of the side edges 54, which taper inwardly as aforesaid. All of ¦I the e~ges 50, 52 and 54 taper slightly inward and rearward from ¦I the forward face of the tips 48, as illustrated, for example, in 1l Fig. 6, wherein it will be seen that the side edges 54 taper a limited amount, such as of the order of approximately 3.
The notches 44 and the carbide tips 48 referred to above constitute sawing elements and, by way of example, without I I .
Z3'~j ! restriction, it has been found that -the widest portion of the tips which is at the junction of the angular end portions 52 and the ~I side edges 54, is approximately .140 inches wide, whereby it can ¦~ be seen that the opposite edges preferably extend equal distances ¦I from the outer surfaces of the blade base member 42 which, as Il indicated above, has an exemplary thickness of .085 inches. Thus, ¦l a certain amount of clearance is provided between the cutting ¦ edges of the tips 48 and the opposite surfaces or faces of the ¦ base saw mernber 42 of the blade. The outer ends of all of the tips 48 extend radially equal distances from the axis of the saw.
Il Although it has been stated above that the slots 46 ex-!! tend substantially radially with respect to the axis of the com-¦¦ bination sawing and planing bla~es 20, it is preferred that said l slots 46 extend appreciable distances toward the axis of the blades but, preferably if the inner ends of the slots were pro-¦l jected, such projections would be substantially tangential to the¦
i arbor hole 24 for the following purpose: Attached to the trailing edge of the slots 46 are elongated, straight tungsten carbide ¦, planing blade strips 56 ! which extend for the full length of the ¦
li trailing edges of said slots 46 but, as shown in Fig. 7, the ! outer ends of said planing blade strips 56 terminate a little ¦ distance inward from the radial dimension of the outer ends of the carbide tips 48, the outer ends 58 also preferably being Ij perpendicular to the plane of the blade base member 42. Further,¦
~ by way of example, the opposite side edges 60 of the strips 56 .
taper a very limited amount which is somewhat exaggerated in Fig.¦
~i 7, for visual purposes. As an example of width, however, the outer ends 58 of the strips 56 are approximately .140 inches, '' -14-I' ,,, l1 1 ~, . .,_,i ~while the inner or root end 62 of the strips 56 is approximately 1! .145 inches in width. Further, referring to Fig. 8, which is a ¦¦transverse sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, it will be !iseen that the ~orward faces of strips 56 are provided with a ¦I shallow groove defined by angularly related sides 64 extending the full length of the groove. Further, the opposite side edges 60 ¦taper rearwardly and inwardly from the forward face of the strips 156 a limited extend. Said groove and tapered sides provide an a-l¦cute angle which, for example, may be of the order of about 80 land thereby enhance each other to provide increased sharpness of the planing edges 66, as compared to a right angle, for example, ~jas well as providing clearance for the planing action of the plan-¦¦ing blades 56 which move in the direction of the arrow shown in ¦¦Fig. 8.
¦¦ The length of the planing blade strips 56 is dimensioned llto be fully adequate to plane the opposite surfaces of a saw cut !! having a depth preferably slightly greater than half of the width of the finished product 38 to be formed by the pair of gangs of llsaw blades and chipping cutters 20 and 22. Although the opposite 20 il planing edges 66 of the blade strips 56 taper very slightly out-llwardly toward the root ends 62 from the outer ends 58, at least ilfrom a micromatic standpoint, the centers of the opposite planed ¦surfaces on the product members 38 will slope imperceptibly away llfrom a theoretical center line, but such condition is optically 11 impossible to detect, whereby the opposite planed surfaces of the ¦product members 38 will qualify according to current standards of I
l¦the lumber industry to comprise actual planed surfaces but, never-¦
¦Itheless, formed by saw blades.
In the conventional production operations, after a Icant has been sawed by individaul cuts to produce a plurality of rough sawed pieces from the cant, said rough sawed .
Il pieces subsequently must be passed throuyh a planing mill to !I provide smooth opposite side surfaces and, in addition, theopposite edges of the rough sawed piece, likewise, must be passed Il at a still further operation, throuyh an additional planing mill, ¦¦ in contrast to a single pass through the woodworking machine Il comprising the present invention producing all finished surfaces ¦¦ simultaneously by said sinyle pass, further details of which are ¦I described hereinafter.
Il To form planed surfaces on the opposite edges of the i¦ product members 38, the chipping cutters 22 between each of the saw blades 20 are provided with cutting and chipping cutters 68, Il which are shown in end view in Fig. 4 and in plan view in ; 1l exemplary manner in Fig. 9. Preferably, the cutters 68 also are ¦~ formed from tungsten carbide and are fixedly connected to radial li projections 70 on the chlpping cutters 22, and the inner edges of the chipping cutters 68 abut relief areas 72 on the periphery of ¦ the chipping cutters 22, which have the following function:
! The radial dimension of the outer chipping edges of the cutters 68 is slightly greater than the distance between the ll ~l inner ends of the planing blade strips 56 and the axis of the sawing and planing blades 20. No conflict exists between the ¦ opposite ends of the chipping cutters 68 and the root ends 62 of ¦
¦ the planing blade strips 56 due to the inner end 62 being dis-,~ posed within the relief areas 72, notwithstanding the fact that the opposite end surfaces of the chipping cutters 22 abut the il side faces of the sawing and planing blades 20 and the opposite edyes of the planing blade strips 56 extend beyond said surfaces.¦
The relationship of the inner or root ends 62 of the ~ !i i ... , . . . , . _ _ 'I I
planing blade strips 56 with respect to the intermediate trans-verse surface of the chipping cutters 68 is best illustrated in exemplary manner in Fig. 9, and from this it will be seen that Il even though the opposite edges of the planing blade strips 56 are ¦ somewhat exaggerated in relative positions thereof with respect to the opposite surfaces of the exemplary finished product 38, it, nevertheless, will be appreciated that the entire side surfaces of the product 38 will be planed and, in addition, the I outer surfaces of the edges 74 of the product members 38, like- ¦
I wise, will be planed to a finished surface. In order that the finished product 38 will further qualify for standard planed and finished products, however, it will be seen that the opposite endl ¦ of the chipping cutters 68 curve outwardly substantially about a ¦
I radius to provide projecting ends 76, which automatically form ¦
¦ the rounded corners 78 on all four edges of the finished product ¦
1! 38. Hence, it will be seen that all finished surfaces required Ij to qualify as standard planed finished lumber, according to U.S.
industrial and commercial standards,are provided simultaneously Il by one pass of the initial cant through the woodworking machine, ¦
¦~ with a minimum of waste chips and maximum usage of the cross-¦¦ sectional mass of the cant, said product being formed solely by ¦ combination sawing and planing blades and chipping cutters between said blades.
1l Also, due to the preferred tangential arrangement of the 1l slots 46 with respect to the arbor hole 24 in the sawing and ' planing blades 20, the planing operation of the planing edges 66 I of the planing blade strips 56, afford at least a limited amount of a draw cut at a receding angle, and thereby produce an even smoother planing operation than if said planing blade strips 56 were disposed actually radially or in an angular leading di-l rection opposite the position of the blade strips 56 with Il respect to a radius through the axis of the saw blade 20, as in ¦ the present invention.
Furthermore, the provision of continuous, straight planin~
!¦ blade strips 56 insure a smoothly planed surface by far less ¦l expensive production means of the blade than in planing blades ¦I where a series of progressively radially-spaced planing segments 10 ~l are provided along a slot in the saw blade. Still further, the ~ -provision of such single planing blade strips 56 secured by ¦ welding or brazing to the trailing edge of the substantially ¦ radially extending slots 46, is a more simple and less expensive I
1~ design of blade to produce than if sharpened strips are fixed to ¦
¦I the opposite surfaces of an unslotted saw or planing blade.
! The foregoing description illustrates preferred embodi-ments of the invention. I~owever, concepts employed may, based upon such description, be employed in other embodiments without Il departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the 1l following claims are lntended to protect the invention broadly, I as well as in the speclfic forms shown herein.
, ~ .
ll l , 11~l , . L . . . _ . .
Claims (19)
1. A rotary composite sawing and planing blade comprising a planar circular flat base member having sawing teeth evenly spaced around the circumference thereof and formed by radial notches of limited depth, tungsten carbide cutting tips fixed to the leading faces of said teeth, a plurality of substantially radial slots of a length greater than half the radius of said base member and evenly spaced around the circumference of said blade, elongated tungsten carbide planing blade strips extending along and fixed to the trailing edges of said slots relative to the direction of rotation of said blade and the opposite edges of said blade strips extending laterally similar limited distances respect-ively beyond the opposite surfaces of said circular base member, said opposite edges of said planing blade strips also being straight and continuous for the full depth of said slots and a saw cut to be made by said composite saw.
2. The composite blade according to Claim 1 in which the forward face of said planing blade strips have a relatively shallow groove therein extending from the outer ends substantially for the full length thereof and formed by angularly related side surfaces to provide opposite cutting edges along said strips de-fined by an acute angle in cross-section to provide a greater degree of sharpness than that of a right angle.
3. The composite blade according to Claim 2 in which the opposite sides of said planing blade strips taper rearwardly and inwardly from the forward face thereof a limited amount and there-by further enhance the sharpness of the cutting edges of the planing strips afforded by said groove.
4. The composite blade according to Claim 1 in which said base member of said saw has a central arbor hole therein and said slots and planing blade strips therealong extend along line sub-stantially tangential to the periphery of said arbor hole, thereby to provide a limited draw cut effect.
5. The composite blade according to Claim 1 in which the opposite sides and cutting edges of said planing blade strips are slightly wider at the root ends than at the outer ends thereof and the width at said outer ends thereof is at least no less than the width of said carbide tips of said saw teeth.
6. The composite blade according to Claim 5 in which the width of the outer ends of said planing blade strips is sub-stantially equal to the greatest width of said carbide tips of said saw teeth.
7. The composite blade according to Claim 6 in which the lateral extensions of the side edges of said carbide planing strips beyond the opposite surfaces of said circular base member of the saw provide clearances in operation which renders the blade self-clearing of chips and shavings.
8. The composite blade according to Claim 6 in which the outer ends of said carbide tips of said saw teeth comprise angularly related surfaces and said tips extend beyond the outer ends of said planing blade strips a limited amount.
9. The composite blade according to Claim 5 in which the opposite sides of said planing blade strips also taper rearwardly and inwardly from the forward face thereof a limited extent relative to the direction of rotation of the blade to provide relief thereto in operation of the blade.
10. The composite blade according to Claim 1 in which the opposite sides of said carbide cutting tips on the teeth of said blade taper in a radial direction a limited extent downward and inward from the outer ends thereof and said blade tips being sub-stantially shorter than said planing blade strips.
11. The composite blade according to Claim 10 in which the outer end surfaces of said carbide cutting tips have a transverse central edge portion and angular end edge portions extending beyond said central portion, said edge portions having surfaces that taper a limited extent rearwardly and inwardly.
12. The composite blade in accordance with Claim 1 in combination with a plurality of additional similar blades and all of the same having similar central arbor holes, an arbor extending through said holes to support said blades in axially spaced relationship, a plurality of auxiliary chipping cutters each having a plurality of circumferentially evenly spaced cutting edges extending even distances radially from the central axis, said chipping cutters being of substantially smaller diameter and substantially thicker than said composite blades and each having central arbor holes therein for reception of said arbor there-through for support thereby, means to clamp an assembly of said 21 (CONTINUED) composite blades and chipping cutters upon said arbor with a pair of said blades being outermost in said assembly, and the cutting edges of said chipping cutters being substantially straight axially except at the outer ends which curve outwardly about a radius to provide projecting ends to form commercially rounded corner edges on wood products formed by said assembly of blades and chipping cutters and also having finished planed side and edge surfaces.
13. The assembly of blades and chipping cutters according to Claim 12 in which the cutting edges of said chipping cutters are positioned radially from the axis of said arbor a distance at least equal to the distance of the inner ends of said carbide planing blade strips from the axis of said arbor, whereby the sides of said sawed and planed wood products formed by said assembly will be planed for the full width by said planing blade strips on co-operating pairs of said blades, and simultaneously the outer opposite edges of said outer planed surfaces of said products will be rounded by said chipping cutters.
14. The assembly of blades and chipping cutters according to Claim 13 in which said chipping cutters and planing blade strips also are out of circular registry with each other to accommodate the limited extensions of said planing blade strips transversely beyond the surfaces of the circular base member of said composite sawing and planing blades relative to said chipping cutters.
15. The assembly of blades and chipping cutters according to Claim 14 in combination with a second assembly of the same kind and further including means to support said arbors thereof in parallel relationship and spaced respectively above and below the path of a lumber cant movable between said arbors with the saw blades and chipping cutters on said arbors respectively in common parallel planes perpendicular to said arbors, said arbors being linearly offset with each other relative to said path of a cant between said arbors to be sawed and planed simultaneously into finished lumber products having planed side and edge surfaces and rounded edges and the effective length of said planing blade strips being greater than half the width of said finished side surfaces of said products to insure continuously smoothly planed side surfaces being formed.
16. The combined assemblies of blades and chipping cutters according to Claim 15 further including key splines in said arbors and complementary key notches in said blades and chipping cutters, and elongated keys in said splines in said arbors commonly extend-ing through the key notches in said blades and chipping cutters to secure the same non-rotatably to said arbors for simultaneous positive rotation therewith.
17. A method of manufacturing lumber products with finished planed opposite sides and edges comprising the steps of:
(a) feeding a wooden cant of sufficient cross-sectional size to make a plurality of lumber products therefrom to a saw and chipping machine, (b) engaging said cant from opposite sides with similar saw blades rotated on axes adjacent said opposite sides of said cant and respectively in common planes perpendicular to said axes to saw pairs of co-planar cuts constituting complete saw cuts through said cant, (c) utilizing planing blades disposed substantially radially on each of said blades simultaneously and respectively to plane one-half of each side surface of said sawed cuts and thereby plane the entire cut surfaces for the full width of said product side sur-faces, (d) utilizing chipping cutters between said blades and coaxial therewith to plane the opposite edges of said products simultaneous-ly and, (e) providing projecting cutting ends on said chipping cutters simultaneously also to form round corner edges along said products, whereby finished planed lumber products are formed with rounded corner edges by a single pass through said machine.
(a) feeding a wooden cant of sufficient cross-sectional size to make a plurality of lumber products therefrom to a saw and chipping machine, (b) engaging said cant from opposite sides with similar saw blades rotated on axes adjacent said opposite sides of said cant and respectively in common planes perpendicular to said axes to saw pairs of co-planar cuts constituting complete saw cuts through said cant, (c) utilizing planing blades disposed substantially radially on each of said blades simultaneously and respectively to plane one-half of each side surface of said sawed cuts and thereby plane the entire cut surfaces for the full width of said product side sur-faces, (d) utilizing chipping cutters between said blades and coaxial therewith to plane the opposite edges of said products simultaneous-ly and, (e) providing projecting cutting ends on said chipping cutters simultaneously also to form round corner edges along said products, whereby finished planed lumber products are formed with rounded corner edges by a single pass through said machine.
18. The method according to Claim 17 further including the step of effecting said planing of said opposite sides of said saw cut with at least a partial draw cut at a receding angle to the radius of the planing cutters and thereby facilitate obtaining smoothly planed side surfaces on said products.
19. The method according to Claim 17 further including the feature of providing clearance between the edges of said planing cutters and the surfaces of the saw blade which supports the same, thereby to effect discharge of planed waste shavings automatically in the absence of additional chip removal means with said saws.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2455279A | 1979-03-28 | 1979-03-28 | |
| US24,552 | 1979-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1112985A true CA1112985A (en) | 1981-11-24 |
Family
ID=21821189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA340,742A Expired CA1112985A (en) | 1979-03-28 | 1979-11-27 | Planing saw blade and system for lumber manufacturing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1112985A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114833901A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-02 | 福建杜氏木业有限公司 | Efficient material-saving wood sawing and planing integrated device |
-
1979
- 1979-11-27 CA CA340,742A patent/CA1112985A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114833901A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-02 | 福建杜氏木业有限公司 | Efficient material-saving wood sawing and planing integrated device |
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| MKEX | Expiry |