CA1112007A - Composition for treating wood - Google Patents
Composition for treating woodInfo
- Publication number
- CA1112007A CA1112007A CA314,261A CA314261A CA1112007A CA 1112007 A CA1112007 A CA 1112007A CA 314261 A CA314261 A CA 314261A CA 1112007 A CA1112007 A CA 1112007A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- concentrate
- foam
- solution
- metal salt
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N31/10—Pentachlorophenol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
- B27K3/40—Aromatic compounds halogenated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A concentrate useful in the preparation by dilu-tion of a preservative solution for wood and the solution are described. The concentrate comprises 10 to 50% of an alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol and 0.04 to 12.5%, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt, of a cationic surfactant. The balance is substantially water. The solution produces very little or no foam.
A concentrate useful in the preparation by dilu-tion of a preservative solution for wood and the solution are described. The concentrate comprises 10 to 50% of an alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol and 0.04 to 12.5%, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt, of a cationic surfactant. The balance is substantially water. The solution produces very little or no foam.
Description
Q~7 This invention relates to a concentrate useful in the preparation, by dilution, of a preservative solution for wood, to the preservative solution and to a method of pre-serving wood that comprises spraying onto the wood the above solution.
Lumber that is untreated is subject to bacterial attack. This attack results in mold formation, decay and discoloration of the wood with brown, black, blue and green stains. In order to prevent the bacterial attack it is established practice to treat, the freshly cut lumber with a solution of a chlorinated phenol or, more particularly a salt of the chlorinated phenol. The treatment is usually applied by spraying or dipping. A widely used solution is about 0.25 percent sodium tetrachlorophenate in water.
The above practice has been successful in pre-venting bacterial attack but there are disadvantages. In i particular, during spray application the overspray collects below the lumber and is recirculated, through filters, back to the spray nozzles. The filters are designed to remove " 20 saw dust, wood chips and other solid particles that might clog-the spray nozzles. However, such a system necessarily involves turbulence and aeration and this produces large quantities of foam. This foam production is troublesome in a variety of ways. First, the foam interferes with a suit-able spray pattern, causing incomplete coverage of the wood.Secondly, foam overflows over the adjacent equipment.
Thirdly foam prevents efficient operation of the filter system and, fourthly, foam drys and leaves insoluble par-ticles of chlorophenol which tend to clog the filters and spray nozzles.
'~
'7 The tendency to produce foam is believed to be derived from the formation of soap by the reaction of natural rosins and fatty acids in the wood with the free alkali present in the chlorophenate solution.
The present invention seeks to provide a concen-trate useful for the preservation of wood as a source of a treating solution in which the foam development is negli-gible and, at most, to an extent that does not display any of the above four disadvantages.
The present invention, in a first aspect, is a concentrate useful in the preparation by dilution of a preservation solution for wood, the concentrate comprising 10 to 50% of an alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol;
; 0.04 to 12.5%, preferably 0.04 to 10%, based on the weight ; 15 of the alkali metal salt, of a cationic surfactant, the -balance being substantially water.
In a further aspect the invention is a solution or preserving wood comprising 0.1 to 5% by weight of an alkali metal salt of the chlorophenol and from 0.005% to 0.1% based on the weight of the chlorophenol of a cationic surfactant, the balance of the composition be-ng water. The ~- above solution is, of course, prepared by the dilution by water of the concentrate according to the first aspect of ; the invention.
In a further aspect the invention is a method for preserving wood that comprises contacting the wood with the above solution. Contact may be in the conventional manner, for example by spraying or by dipping.
In a preferred aspect the concentrate contains 10 to 30% of the alkaline metal salt of the chlorinated phenol.
The sodium and potassium salts are preferred.
In a further preferred aspect the concentrate contains 0.25 to 2.5%, based on the weight of alkaline metal salts, of the cationic surfactant.
The alkaline metal salts of the chlorinated phenol may be salts of trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. The salts may be used alone or in admixture. The compounds used may also contain lesser amounts of lower and more highly chlorinated homologs of these compounds.
The cationic surfactant may be selected from fatty amines and their water dispersible derivatives as well as quaternary ammonium compounds. Typical water dispersible derivatives of the fatty amine include the acetate and the chloride. ' In the concentrate, the solution and method of the present invention, the cationic substances appear to react with the substances that ordinarily encourage the foam and destroys their tendency to cause foam. It is believed that the foaming components of the prior art system are anionic in nature. Addition of the cationic substance causes a ~` reaction that neutralizes and renders insoluble the anionic foaming component, thus inactivating its surface active properties.
; 25 As a means of determining cationic substances effective in the present invention the following screening tests were carried out:
200mls. quantities of a 1.2% sodium tetrachloro-phenate solution which had been used at a sawmill were poured into a series of one pint bottles. Varying quantities of cationic substances were placed in the bottles. The bottles were shaken vigorously for five seconds and then laid on their sides for observation of foam stability. If no cationic additive is used, the foam remains covering the surface for more than thirty minutes. Those cationic substances which were considered effective defoamers caused the foam to disappear from the surface in less than five minutes. Concentrations of cationic additive tested were 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.25%. The following cationic 10 agents were found to be effective at all concentrations tested:
Phenyl-stearic amine chloride, available under the trade mark Arquad L-PS
:
N-oleyl-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomeen O
, N-tallow-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade - mark Duomeen T
N-coco-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomeen C
-~ 20 N-tallow-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade acetate mark Duomac T
B-coco-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomac C
Cocoamine available under the trade mark Armeen C
Cocoamine acetate available under the trade mark Armac C
Dicocoamine available under the trade mark Armeen ZC Alkyl ~ 7 Alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride mixed with alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, avialable under the trade marks Barquat 4280 and BTC 2125M.
Monoalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, available under the trade marks Barquat MS-100, Barquat MX-80, Barquat 2B-50, Hyamine 3500 and Arquad B-100.
Results of the screening test show that the cationic substances used in the practice of this invention "
may be of the following types:
~- 1. Quaternary ammonium compounds including, but not limited to, the classes -alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride The alkyl groups in the above compounds contain a carbon chain length beetween 8 and 30 carbons and preferably between 10 and 24 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be saturated or unsaturated. Typical saturated alkyl groups may be derived from coconut oil which contains mostly 8 carbons to 18 carbons, as well as lesser amounts of un-saturated carbon chains. Other alkyl groups may contain unsaturated groups such as might be derived from olive or corn oil, containing mostly unsaturated 18 carbon chains, for example, oleic acid.
Lumber that is untreated is subject to bacterial attack. This attack results in mold formation, decay and discoloration of the wood with brown, black, blue and green stains. In order to prevent the bacterial attack it is established practice to treat, the freshly cut lumber with a solution of a chlorinated phenol or, more particularly a salt of the chlorinated phenol. The treatment is usually applied by spraying or dipping. A widely used solution is about 0.25 percent sodium tetrachlorophenate in water.
The above practice has been successful in pre-venting bacterial attack but there are disadvantages. In i particular, during spray application the overspray collects below the lumber and is recirculated, through filters, back to the spray nozzles. The filters are designed to remove " 20 saw dust, wood chips and other solid particles that might clog-the spray nozzles. However, such a system necessarily involves turbulence and aeration and this produces large quantities of foam. This foam production is troublesome in a variety of ways. First, the foam interferes with a suit-able spray pattern, causing incomplete coverage of the wood.Secondly, foam overflows over the adjacent equipment.
Thirdly foam prevents efficient operation of the filter system and, fourthly, foam drys and leaves insoluble par-ticles of chlorophenol which tend to clog the filters and spray nozzles.
'~
'7 The tendency to produce foam is believed to be derived from the formation of soap by the reaction of natural rosins and fatty acids in the wood with the free alkali present in the chlorophenate solution.
The present invention seeks to provide a concen-trate useful for the preservation of wood as a source of a treating solution in which the foam development is negli-gible and, at most, to an extent that does not display any of the above four disadvantages.
The present invention, in a first aspect, is a concentrate useful in the preparation by dilution of a preservation solution for wood, the concentrate comprising 10 to 50% of an alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol;
; 0.04 to 12.5%, preferably 0.04 to 10%, based on the weight ; 15 of the alkali metal salt, of a cationic surfactant, the -balance being substantially water.
In a further aspect the invention is a solution or preserving wood comprising 0.1 to 5% by weight of an alkali metal salt of the chlorophenol and from 0.005% to 0.1% based on the weight of the chlorophenol of a cationic surfactant, the balance of the composition be-ng water. The ~- above solution is, of course, prepared by the dilution by water of the concentrate according to the first aspect of ; the invention.
In a further aspect the invention is a method for preserving wood that comprises contacting the wood with the above solution. Contact may be in the conventional manner, for example by spraying or by dipping.
In a preferred aspect the concentrate contains 10 to 30% of the alkaline metal salt of the chlorinated phenol.
The sodium and potassium salts are preferred.
In a further preferred aspect the concentrate contains 0.25 to 2.5%, based on the weight of alkaline metal salts, of the cationic surfactant.
The alkaline metal salts of the chlorinated phenol may be salts of trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. The salts may be used alone or in admixture. The compounds used may also contain lesser amounts of lower and more highly chlorinated homologs of these compounds.
The cationic surfactant may be selected from fatty amines and their water dispersible derivatives as well as quaternary ammonium compounds. Typical water dispersible derivatives of the fatty amine include the acetate and the chloride. ' In the concentrate, the solution and method of the present invention, the cationic substances appear to react with the substances that ordinarily encourage the foam and destroys their tendency to cause foam. It is believed that the foaming components of the prior art system are anionic in nature. Addition of the cationic substance causes a ~` reaction that neutralizes and renders insoluble the anionic foaming component, thus inactivating its surface active properties.
; 25 As a means of determining cationic substances effective in the present invention the following screening tests were carried out:
200mls. quantities of a 1.2% sodium tetrachloro-phenate solution which had been used at a sawmill were poured into a series of one pint bottles. Varying quantities of cationic substances were placed in the bottles. The bottles were shaken vigorously for five seconds and then laid on their sides for observation of foam stability. If no cationic additive is used, the foam remains covering the surface for more than thirty minutes. Those cationic substances which were considered effective defoamers caused the foam to disappear from the surface in less than five minutes. Concentrations of cationic additive tested were 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.25%. The following cationic 10 agents were found to be effective at all concentrations tested:
Phenyl-stearic amine chloride, available under the trade mark Arquad L-PS
:
N-oleyl-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomeen O
, N-tallow-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade - mark Duomeen T
N-coco-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomeen C
-~ 20 N-tallow-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade acetate mark Duomac T
B-coco-1,3-diamino propane available under the trade mark Duomac C
Cocoamine available under the trade mark Armeen C
Cocoamine acetate available under the trade mark Armac C
Dicocoamine available under the trade mark Armeen ZC Alkyl ~ 7 Alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride mixed with alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, avialable under the trade marks Barquat 4280 and BTC 2125M.
Monoalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, available under the trade marks Barquat MS-100, Barquat MX-80, Barquat 2B-50, Hyamine 3500 and Arquad B-100.
Results of the screening test show that the cationic substances used in the practice of this invention "
may be of the following types:
~- 1. Quaternary ammonium compounds including, but not limited to, the classes -alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride The alkyl groups in the above compounds contain a carbon chain length beetween 8 and 30 carbons and preferably between 10 and 24 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be saturated or unsaturated. Typical saturated alkyl groups may be derived from coconut oil which contains mostly 8 carbons to 18 carbons, as well as lesser amounts of un-saturated carbon chains. Other alkyl groups may contain unsaturated groups such as might be derived from olive or corn oil, containing mostly unsaturated 18 carbon chains, for example, oleic acid.
2. Aliphatic diamines, for example:
N-coco-1,3-diaminopropane N-soya-1,3-diaminopropane N-tallow-1,3-diaminopropane N-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane as well as the product produced by reacting any of the above with an acid such as acetic acid or hydrochloric acid.
N-coco-1,3-diaminopropane N-soya-1,3-diaminopropane N-tallow-1,3-diaminopropane N-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane as well as the product produced by reacting any of the above with an acid such as acetic acid or hydrochloric acid.
3- Primary and secondary aliphatic amines and the products produced by reacting these primary or secondary aliphatic amines with an acid such as acetic or hydrochloric acid. Typical examples of this group include:
N-dodecylamine; N-dodecylamine acetate or chloride; oleylamine; oleylamine acetate or chloride.
~- ":. .
The following laboratory experiments verify the effectiveness of the invention:
Test 2 A foam generator was set up in which air was bubbled into a cylinder containing various solutions. The rate of formation of foam and the stability of the foam was measured.
Test Conditions Cylinder Dimensions: 9 cm. width by 16 cm height Air Flow: 1200 ml. per minute Temperature: 20C
Solutions Tested: 0.48% sodium tetrachlorophenate 1.20% sodium tetrachloro-phenate ~<~
(These solutions were taken from a sawmill where they had been used in lumber trea-tment).
Cationic Agent Used: Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in which the alkyl .
group is derived from coconut oil.
Method 200 mls of solutions containing varying amounts of cationic agent were placed in the test cylinder at 20C.
Airflow was started. If stable foam was generated, the time for foam level to reach a height of 16 centimeters was .".~ .
measured. If unstable foam was observed, air flow was ;
. ~ .
~ continued for ten minutes and the maximum height of foam was ! 15 recorded. After maximum height was noted, air flow was ~; stopped and the time for foam to disappear was recorded.
:, The following table sets out the results: ~`
- 1. 0.48% Sodi~m tetrachlorophenate solution.
:;
CONC~ION OF CATIONIC AGENT
0%0.001%0.002%0.005% 0.1%0.02%0.6%
Height of Foam (cm) 16 16 16 8 4 1.5 0 Time re~uired 20 26 33 10 10 10 10 to reach max.
height sec. sec.sec. min. min. ~in. min.
_ _ _ Time re~uired 15 13 10 30 5 2 0 for foam to disappear min. min.min.sec. sec. sec.
:~ !
~ 7 2. 1.2% Sodium tetrachlorophenate solution.
CONCENI~?ATION OF CATIONIC AGENT
0% .0025% .005%.0125%.025%.05% .15% -Height of Foam 16 16 16 16 16 1.5 0 (cm) Time required to reach max.
height 30 32 35 45 61 10 10 sec. sec. sec. sec. sec. min. min.
Time required 30 22 5 3 2 20 0 for foam to disappear min. min. min. min. min. sec.
Examination of the above data indicates that solutions containing 0.001% of cationic substance in 0.48%
sodium tetrachlorophenate shows some foam reduction, as well 15 as decreased foam stability. The degree of foam reduction increases as the concentration of cationic substance in-creases. Solutions containing 0.0025% cationic substance in 1.2% sodium tetrachlorophenate shows some foam reduction as well as decreased foam stability. As the quantity of 2d cationic substance increases, foam is reduced.
Examples of this invention practised in several sawmills are set out below:
Example In one application a sawmill purchased a 24%
25 concentrate sodium tetrachlorophenate. This concentrate was diluted with water in a ratio of one gallon concentrate to twenty gallons water to yield a solution containing 1.14%
sodium tetrachlorophenate. The solution was sprayed over the lumber immediately after logs had been cut into various 30 sizes. Surplus overspray and solution dripping from the ~L~ 7 lumber was caught in a trough and flowed back to a storage tank for re-use. The solution flowed through a filtering device on its way to the storage tank to remove sawdust and wood chips. In operating this system large quantities of foam developed as the spray reached the lumber, and also where the solution flowed through the filtering device and into the storage tanks. The foam covered the machinery, prevented visual examination of the equipment and process, and slowed down the filtration system. In addition, as the foam dried it left an insoluble residue which clogged , . . .
filters and contaminated equipment. These factors reduced ` operating efficiency and required more frequent shutdown and repair.
;, , To eliminate these problems, 2.08% (based on the ;~
weight of sodium tetrachlorophenate) of an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in which the alkyl group is derived from coconut oil was added to the 24% concentrate of sodium tetrachlorophenate. This concentrate was used exactly as in the process described above. The solution thus contained 1.14% sodium tetrachlorophenate plus about 0.024% cationic substance. In using this solution no foaming problems were experienced. A small amount of foam is generated during the process, but this breaks down rapidly. All of the problems previously described are eliminated.
Example 2 In another application, where the equipment and the process is similar to Example 1, except for somewhat different spray nozzle and filter system design, a con-centrate was supplied containing 24% sodium tetrachloro-phenate plus 1% (based on the weight of sodium tetrachloro-phenate) of alkyl dimethyl benzene ammonium chloride. Thisconcentrate was mixed with thirty parts of water yielding a solution containing 0.774% sodium tetrachlorophenate and 0.0077% cationic substance. In this case foam was reduced to the point where it no longer caused problems and extra expense to the sawmill.
When the 24% sodium tetrachlorophenate solution was used without the addition of the alkyl dimethyl benzene ammonium chloride this mill experienced problems similar to those described in Example 1.
N-dodecylamine; N-dodecylamine acetate or chloride; oleylamine; oleylamine acetate or chloride.
~- ":. .
The following laboratory experiments verify the effectiveness of the invention:
Test 2 A foam generator was set up in which air was bubbled into a cylinder containing various solutions. The rate of formation of foam and the stability of the foam was measured.
Test Conditions Cylinder Dimensions: 9 cm. width by 16 cm height Air Flow: 1200 ml. per minute Temperature: 20C
Solutions Tested: 0.48% sodium tetrachlorophenate 1.20% sodium tetrachloro-phenate ~<~
(These solutions were taken from a sawmill where they had been used in lumber trea-tment).
Cationic Agent Used: Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in which the alkyl .
group is derived from coconut oil.
Method 200 mls of solutions containing varying amounts of cationic agent were placed in the test cylinder at 20C.
Airflow was started. If stable foam was generated, the time for foam level to reach a height of 16 centimeters was .".~ .
measured. If unstable foam was observed, air flow was ;
. ~ .
~ continued for ten minutes and the maximum height of foam was ! 15 recorded. After maximum height was noted, air flow was ~; stopped and the time for foam to disappear was recorded.
:, The following table sets out the results: ~`
- 1. 0.48% Sodi~m tetrachlorophenate solution.
:;
CONC~ION OF CATIONIC AGENT
0%0.001%0.002%0.005% 0.1%0.02%0.6%
Height of Foam (cm) 16 16 16 8 4 1.5 0 Time re~uired 20 26 33 10 10 10 10 to reach max.
height sec. sec.sec. min. min. ~in. min.
_ _ _ Time re~uired 15 13 10 30 5 2 0 for foam to disappear min. min.min.sec. sec. sec.
:~ !
~ 7 2. 1.2% Sodium tetrachlorophenate solution.
CONCENI~?ATION OF CATIONIC AGENT
0% .0025% .005%.0125%.025%.05% .15% -Height of Foam 16 16 16 16 16 1.5 0 (cm) Time required to reach max.
height 30 32 35 45 61 10 10 sec. sec. sec. sec. sec. min. min.
Time required 30 22 5 3 2 20 0 for foam to disappear min. min. min. min. min. sec.
Examination of the above data indicates that solutions containing 0.001% of cationic substance in 0.48%
sodium tetrachlorophenate shows some foam reduction, as well 15 as decreased foam stability. The degree of foam reduction increases as the concentration of cationic substance in-creases. Solutions containing 0.0025% cationic substance in 1.2% sodium tetrachlorophenate shows some foam reduction as well as decreased foam stability. As the quantity of 2d cationic substance increases, foam is reduced.
Examples of this invention practised in several sawmills are set out below:
Example In one application a sawmill purchased a 24%
25 concentrate sodium tetrachlorophenate. This concentrate was diluted with water in a ratio of one gallon concentrate to twenty gallons water to yield a solution containing 1.14%
sodium tetrachlorophenate. The solution was sprayed over the lumber immediately after logs had been cut into various 30 sizes. Surplus overspray and solution dripping from the ~L~ 7 lumber was caught in a trough and flowed back to a storage tank for re-use. The solution flowed through a filtering device on its way to the storage tank to remove sawdust and wood chips. In operating this system large quantities of foam developed as the spray reached the lumber, and also where the solution flowed through the filtering device and into the storage tanks. The foam covered the machinery, prevented visual examination of the equipment and process, and slowed down the filtration system. In addition, as the foam dried it left an insoluble residue which clogged , . . .
filters and contaminated equipment. These factors reduced ` operating efficiency and required more frequent shutdown and repair.
;, , To eliminate these problems, 2.08% (based on the ;~
weight of sodium tetrachlorophenate) of an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in which the alkyl group is derived from coconut oil was added to the 24% concentrate of sodium tetrachlorophenate. This concentrate was used exactly as in the process described above. The solution thus contained 1.14% sodium tetrachlorophenate plus about 0.024% cationic substance. In using this solution no foaming problems were experienced. A small amount of foam is generated during the process, but this breaks down rapidly. All of the problems previously described are eliminated.
Example 2 In another application, where the equipment and the process is similar to Example 1, except for somewhat different spray nozzle and filter system design, a con-centrate was supplied containing 24% sodium tetrachloro-phenate plus 1% (based on the weight of sodium tetrachloro-phenate) of alkyl dimethyl benzene ammonium chloride. Thisconcentrate was mixed with thirty parts of water yielding a solution containing 0.774% sodium tetrachlorophenate and 0.0077% cationic substance. In this case foam was reduced to the point where it no longer caused problems and extra expense to the sawmill.
When the 24% sodium tetrachlorophenate solution was used without the addition of the alkyl dimethyl benzene ammonium chloride this mill experienced problems similar to those described in Example 1.
Claims (9)
1. A concentrate useful in the preparation by dilution of a preservative solution for wood, the concen-trate comprising 10 to 50% of an alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol; 0.04 to 12.5%, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt, of a cationic surfactant, the balance being substantially water.
2. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1 con-taining 10 to 30% of the alkali metal salt of chlorinated phenol.
3. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 containing 0.25 to 2.5%, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt, of the cationic surfactant.
4. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1 in which the alkali metal salt of a chlorinated phenol is one or more salts of trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol and pentachloro-phenol.
5. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1 in which the cationic surfactant is selected from a aliphatic amine and its water-dispersible derivatives and a quaternary ammonium compound.
6. A concentrate as claimed in claim 5 in which the water-dispersible derivative of the aliphatic amine is the acetate or chloride.
7. A concentrate as claimed in claim 5 in which the quaternary ammonium compound is benzalkonium chloride.
8. A solution for preserving wood comprising 0.1 to 5% by weight of an alkali metal salt of a chlorophenol and from 0.005% to 0.1%, based on the weight of the chloro-phenol, of a cationic surfactant, the balance of the com-position being water.
9. A method of preserving wood that comprises contacting the wood with the solution claimed in claim 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA314,261A CA1112007A (en) | 1978-10-25 | 1978-10-25 | Composition for treating wood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA314,261A CA1112007A (en) | 1978-10-25 | 1978-10-25 | Composition for treating wood |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1112007A true CA1112007A (en) | 1981-11-10 |
Family
ID=4112686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA314,261A Expired CA1112007A (en) | 1978-10-25 | 1978-10-25 | Composition for treating wood |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1112007A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994027912A1 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1994-12-08 | Akvaterra Oy | Method for purifying chlorophenol-containing waters |
-
1978
- 1978-10-25 CA CA314,261A patent/CA1112007A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994027912A1 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1994-12-08 | Akvaterra Oy | Method for purifying chlorophenol-containing waters |
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