CA1111714A - Personal flotation device - Google Patents
Personal flotation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1111714A CA1111714A CA327,149A CA327149A CA1111714A CA 1111714 A CA1111714 A CA 1111714A CA 327149 A CA327149 A CA 327149A CA 1111714 A CA1111714 A CA 1111714A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- garment
- collar
- jacket body
- jacket
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Lifesaving apparatus in the form of a jacket having appended sleeves and a collar includes pliable inner and outer shells that are joined along construction seams which define several closed, isolated pockets. Each pocket contains at least one laminar slab of thermally insulative, closed-cellular foam flotation material that is positioned to define a vacant margin alongside each seam. This seam construction results in a flotation garment that is less restrictive and more comfortable and which permits a high degree of user mobility either in or out of the water. Flota-tion material in the collar, together with its compliant seam, causes the collar to rise automatically to support at least partly the head of a subject when immersed in water. Vents in the back of the jacket provide normal ventilation and also exhaust any air that may be trapped in the jacket to avoid turning an unconscious swimmer face down in the water-whereas unequal buoyancy in the chest and back portions produce a turning moment to rotate the swimmer face upwards and on his back. And, exposure to low water temperatures is reduced by a protective hood and by openable closures at the wrists, neck and waist that minimize water flow through the jacket.
Lifesaving apparatus in the form of a jacket having appended sleeves and a collar includes pliable inner and outer shells that are joined along construction seams which define several closed, isolated pockets. Each pocket contains at least one laminar slab of thermally insulative, closed-cellular foam flotation material that is positioned to define a vacant margin alongside each seam. This seam construction results in a flotation garment that is less restrictive and more comfortable and which permits a high degree of user mobility either in or out of the water. Flota-tion material in the collar, together with its compliant seam, causes the collar to rise automatically to support at least partly the head of a subject when immersed in water. Vents in the back of the jacket provide normal ventilation and also exhaust any air that may be trapped in the jacket to avoid turning an unconscious swimmer face down in the water-whereas unequal buoyancy in the chest and back portions produce a turning moment to rotate the swimmer face upwards and on his back. And, exposure to low water temperatures is reduced by a protective hood and by openable closures at the wrists, neck and waist that minimize water flow through the jacket.
Description
8~CI<C,~OUND ~ L'lli~` :lNVLN~l~:lON
This :invention relates to a personal :Elotation device and more particularly to an improvecl flo-tation garment that may be worn comfortably in a dry environment and which, when inlmersed,provides a subjec-t with a high degree of mobili-ty while safely maintaining the subject's head and face out of the water~
Aquati.c survival gea.r which includes personal flotation devices (PFDs) such as life jackets, belts, vests and the like is an important adjunct to personal safety.
Dockyard workers, fishermen and others employed in a marine or aquatic environment have always had a need for appropria-te safety gear in -the event o:E an accidental fall into -the wa-ter. Recreational activities in an aquati.c environmen-t have added a still greater demand for suitable protective safety gear. In any of these applications, a pr:incipal requirement is to provide safe support for any person falling into the water in a manner such that the head and :Eace of the ~0 individual are maintained upright and clear of -the wa-ter~ :
The principal requirement of sa:Ee-ty has, in varying degrees, been successfully met by various suppliers of aquatic safe-ty equipmen-t~ There are, however, ancillary requirements rela~ing -to comfor~ and fit and even cosmet:ic appearance, that because of personal li]ces and dislikes, ma~
defeat the original intended purpose of the equi.pment. In :
othar words, even though an indi.vidual is Eully aware of the ; utility of,say, a life jacket or vest, unl.ess the less sig-: nificant features relating to design, comfort ancl fit are me-t to satisfy most individuals, there will be a -tenclency .by .some ~ , simply not t.o We~lr ~ll(? :i tem.
It bec--m~s apparent, therefore, that the seemingly less sign:i.f.~ clllt Lcl(.tors of des:i.gn, style and comfo:r-t ma~ take preCederlC~ OV(~` t~ r:inc~i~al. lifesav:inc3 :Features of Pk'~s generally ~ r`t` '-: a.re coc~n LZarlt of these :Eac-ts and have addresse~l ~herrls~lv~s to the ~:rob:lem of providing PF'~s that not only s~ we:.~ the:~:r lnte~ld(:~d pr:incipal functi.on of lifesaving ~- also l?Y^.v:i-3e features relat:i.ng to :improved comfort and wearabil.i.ty o~ such g,armen-ts as well as to improve estheticall~ ...he appearance thereof in order to encourage ~ their use. But -the problem s-ti:Ll remains.
: To the extent that current -technology permits, the aforemen-tioned :re~ui:rements, hoth principal and ancillary, may be achieved. C~lven a cost ceiling, however, there is imposecl on manufacturers and suppli.ers of PEDs and other related : devices a limitat~.c!n on the various ~eatures that should be provided. AccordiT!gly, manufacturing costs, which are direc-tly related to purchase costs for consumers, must be main-tained : within affordab:Le levels, pa:rticularly in respec-t o-F clev.ices and apparatus produced for -the recreational domestic market.
Unless such gea.r is priced within a range affordable to mos t consumers, there will be a tendency to do without o.r perhal)s to resort to less effective means for lifesaving purposes.
SUMMARY OF TH I _ _ION
. ::
; ~
A principal provision of the present invention is : ~ personaI 10ta-tioll device in the form ok a flotation garmen-t , : that Will sa.~ely suppoxt a sub~ect wear:ing the garmerlt: when ; ; immersed in wate:r ~'
This :invention relates to a personal :Elotation device and more particularly to an improvecl flo-tation garment that may be worn comfortably in a dry environment and which, when inlmersed,provides a subjec-t with a high degree of mobili-ty while safely maintaining the subject's head and face out of the water~
Aquati.c survival gea.r which includes personal flotation devices (PFDs) such as life jackets, belts, vests and the like is an important adjunct to personal safety.
Dockyard workers, fishermen and others employed in a marine or aquatic environment have always had a need for appropria-te safety gear in -the event o:E an accidental fall into -the wa-ter. Recreational activities in an aquati.c environmen-t have added a still greater demand for suitable protective safety gear. In any of these applications, a pr:incipal requirement is to provide safe support for any person falling into the water in a manner such that the head and :Eace of the ~0 individual are maintained upright and clear of -the wa-ter~ :
The principal requirement of sa:Ee-ty has, in varying degrees, been successfully met by various suppliers of aquatic safe-ty equipmen-t~ There are, however, ancillary requirements rela~ing -to comfor~ and fit and even cosmet:ic appearance, that because of personal li]ces and dislikes, ma~
defeat the original intended purpose of the equi.pment. In :
othar words, even though an indi.vidual is Eully aware of the ; utility of,say, a life jacket or vest, unl.ess the less sig-: nificant features relating to design, comfort ancl fit are me-t to satisfy most individuals, there will be a -tenclency .by .some ~ , simply not t.o We~lr ~ll(? :i tem.
It bec--m~s apparent, therefore, that the seemingly less sign:i.f.~ clllt Lcl(.tors of des:i.gn, style and comfo:r-t ma~ take preCederlC~ OV(~` t~ r:inc~i~al. lifesav:inc3 :Features of Pk'~s generally ~ r`t` '-: a.re coc~n LZarlt of these :Eac-ts and have addresse~l ~herrls~lv~s to the ~:rob:lem of providing PF'~s that not only s~ we:.~ the:~:r lnte~ld(:~d pr:incipal functi.on of lifesaving ~- also l?Y^.v:i-3e features relat:i.ng to :improved comfort and wearabil.i.ty o~ such g,armen-ts as well as to improve estheticall~ ...he appearance thereof in order to encourage ~ their use. But -the problem s-ti:Ll remains.
: To the extent that current -technology permits, the aforemen-tioned :re~ui:rements, hoth principal and ancillary, may be achieved. C~lven a cost ceiling, however, there is imposecl on manufacturers and suppli.ers of PEDs and other related : devices a limitat~.c!n on the various ~eatures that should be provided. AccordiT!gly, manufacturing costs, which are direc-tly related to purchase costs for consumers, must be main-tained : within affordab:Le levels, pa:rticularly in respec-t o-F clev.ices and apparatus produced for -the recreational domestic market.
Unless such gea.r is priced within a range affordable to mos t consumers, there will be a tendency to do without o.r perhal)s to resort to less effective means for lifesaving purposes.
SUMMARY OF TH I _ _ION
. ::
; ~
A principal provision of the present invention is : ~ personaI 10ta-tioll device in the form ok a flotation garmen-t , : that Will sa.~ely suppoxt a sub~ect wear:ing the garmerlt: when ; ; immersed in wate:r ~'
- 2 -Another provision oE the invent:ion is a flotation garment in the ~orm oE a jacket having constructlon seams with improved compliance which results in a comfortable garment having increased flexibility and which provides a high degree of mobility in both dry and wet environments.
Still another provision of the invention is a flotation garment having a collar that will rise automatically to at least partly support the face and head of the subject when immersed in water.
Still another provision of -the invention is a flotation garment that is self-rightiny to maintain a non-swimmer in a safe, upright attitude irrespective of the subject's position when entering the water.
A further provision of the invention i5 a flotation garment provided with ventilation means for promoting free air circulation when the garment is worn in a dry environment and for exhausting an air bubble trapped within the garment in the event that the subject jumps into the water~
Still another provision of the invention is a protective hood that is stored within the collar and is ~ attached thereto so that when the hood is worn by the su~ject ; the hood raises and maintains the collar in an uprigh-t position.
Still another provision of the invention is an : lmproved flotat.ion garment that is thermally insulative and which is adapted to minimize ~ater flow through the jacket to conserve the hody heat of a subject immersed in water.
Yet ano-ther provision of the invention is a 10tation garment having an esthetically appealing appearance and which is relatively economical ~o manufacture.
The aforementioned disadvantages pertaining to the pr.Lor ar-t may be substclntially ovexcome and -the ~re~cedirlg provisions achieved by recourse to the present :invent:ion which relates to a E:Lotation garment comp.ris:iny, :in combinat:ion, a pliable inner shell in -the form of a jacket body hav:ing sleeves and a colla.r, and a pliable outer s.hell overlying -the inner shell in spaced rela-tion therew:ith, the shells being joine~cl alorlq Se~lllS at the extrenlities of tlle shel:L.~
and along seams in-termediate the jacke-t ~ody, sleeves and collar with the joi:ned shells Eorming a plurali-ty of closed, isolated pockets adapted to re-tain Elotation material~ The flotation ma-terial occupying individual ones of the pockets is disposed -therein to de-Eine a vacant ma:rgin alongside each seam, thereby forming seams with improved compliance and a flotation garment having increased flexibility.
DESCRIPTION OF l'HE DRAWINGS
.... _ .
The invention will now be more particularl~
described wi-th reEerence to an embodiment thereof showll, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a front perspec-tive view of a flotation garment in accordance with the present invention and show:ing cutaway portions to illustrate the interior structure -thereof;
; Fig. 2 is a rear perspective view of a flotation garment in accordance with the present invention and showincJ
cutaway portions -to illustrate the interior structure -thereoE;
E'ig. 3 is a front perspective view tha-t :Ls opened to StlOW the in-terior structure of the garment o~ ~:Lg~ :Li Fiy. 4 is a front perspective view of the garment oE Fi.y. 1 showing a collar portion thereof in an UpStc~lldiIlg position -toge-ther with an accompanying hoocl;
F:ig. 5 is a cross-sec-tional view taken a:long the lines 5 5 of Fig. 3;
FicJ~ 6 is a cross-sec-t:ional ~iew taken along the lines 6--6 oE Fig. l; and Fig~ 7 is a cross-sectional view -taken along the lines 7-7 of Fig. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF TH:E :[LI,USTRATED EMBODIME:NTS
Re:Eerring now -to the clrawings, and par-ticularly to the perspec-tive views oE Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, there will.
be seen a flotation garment 10 that is in the form o a jacket body 11 with s]eeves 12 and a col:Lar 14.
A cuEf 15 is joined to each sleeve along a seam 16 which defines a free-end extremi-ty of each sleeve. Similarly a waist band 17 is joined along a seam 18 which defines a lowermost extremity of the jacke-t body 11. As will be understood from Figs. 2 and 3 -the band 17 includes a pair of elastic strips 19 that are serially connec-ted with the band 17 and are disposed adjacen-t to side seams 20 as indicated in Fig. 3.
It will be observed that each of the cuffs 15 is provided with an openahle closure in the form of a VELCRO
(Trade mark) strip 25 which coacts with a corresponding adjacent strip 21. Ease in each cuff 15 is provlded by rneans of a cutaway portion 27 which ls oveLlapped by .all encl 28 ol the cuEf when it is desired to cons-trict the opening at the wris-t. In similar fashion, an end 29 o:E the band 17 mdy be used to take up ease in the waist band by providi~ a greater overlap of a VELCRO strip 26 therea-t wi.th :its corresponding strip that is hidden from v:iew.
Reference -to the cutaway portiorls of Fi.gs. 1 and 2, as well as -to the cross-sectional v:iews i:Llllst:ratecl in Figs. 5 and 6, reveals that -the garmen-t 10 includes a l.ining shown as a pli.able :inner shell 30 which :Eorms part of the body 11, and :its aypended sleeves ancl co:l.lar. r;xterna the garment 10 has a pliable outer shell 31 overlying the inner shell 30 .in spaced relation therewith. It will be observed that the shel:Ls are joined along seams intermecliate the body 11 and its appended sleeves and collar. In this xegard, it will be seen that the sleeves 12 are joined to the body 11 alon~ respec-tive seams 33. As regards the collar 14, it will be appa:rent from E`ig. 4 that the union between the collar and -the body l.l occurs along a seam 34.
~ ly switable material may be used in fabricating the shells 30 and 31 with due considera-tion given to the stated provisions of the invention. In the present embodirnent the shells are fabricated from nylon because- of its general suitability, durability and long-life characteris-tics.
; In Fi~. 1, it will be observed that a slide fastener 35 is secured along seams 37 which form, respec-tively, a riyht and le~t extremit.y along which shells 30 and 31 are joined. The ~astener 35 which is stitched to the body 11 alon~ the seams 37 provides sui~able means for openably closing : the body 11 ln a known manner.
Additional seams along which the shells 30 and 31 : are joined incl~de shoulder seams 38 which ex-tend on each side of the jacke-t between respect:ive sleeve seams 33 and the seam ~4~ Thus, the sleeves and collar together wLth the : - 6 -joined shells as described form a plu:ral:ity of closed, isolated pockets that are adapted to retain flota-tion ma-terial.
Suitable flotation ma-terials having adeqwate buo~ancy and insulation qualities comprise known closed-cellular foam available in laminar form :in a range of thicknesses varying from about 1/4" to 1 l/4". Some acceptable foam materials include neoprene closed-cellular foam, vinyl closed-cellular foam and polyethylene closed-cellular foam.
A particular1y suitable Elotation material for-the embodimenthere-in described is a polyvinyl chloride i~entified by-the term AIREX
(Trade mark), type S30-50 and having a thickness of only 3~16".
According to the cutaway portion of Fiys. l and 2, it will be seen that laminar flotation material is u~ed and that it is shaped to occupy individual ones oE the aforementioned pockets. In particular, it will be observed in Figs. l and 2 that lamina of flotation material occupy individual ones o~
the pockets in such a way as to define a vacant margin 41 alongside each of the aforementioned seams. This is an - important structural feature of the embodiment illustrated and described herein since it provides seams with improved compliance and a garment 10 which has increased flexibility not only in a dry environment but also when it is we~. The 1exibility characteristic is an important one since it results in a garment that is less restrictive and therPfore more comfortable r and which pexmits a high degree of user mobilit~
either ln or out of the water.
An example oE the vacant margin 41 is observable in Figs. 1 and ~, the margins 41 being shown on either side of the seam 33. Al~howgh individual seams are not shown in all instances, it will be understood that the marglns 41 are found substantially throughout the jacket s-tructure in order to achieve the improved degree of flexibility~
Maintaini.ny the lamina of f:lotation mate.r:ial in their respec~ive posi-tions may be achieved using adhesives but in the elr~od.imen-t .illustrated sti-tching 40 secures the shells 30 and 31 to the lamina and holds it in place~
The cross-sectional view of Fig. 6 illustra-tes a longitudinal seam 42 which is intermediate the seam 16 of each sleeve and the hody 11. This figure shows further a tubular arrangement of lamina 39 of flotation materia:L and indicates tha vacant marc~ins41 which are to be found on each side of the seam 42. Also illustrated is the manner in which the flotation material in each sleeve is secured in position by means of the stitching 40.
~he cutaway view of Fig. 1 shows a left front pocket defined by shells 30 and 31 and bounded by seams 18, 20, 33, 37 and 38. .Disposed therein and held in place by means of the stitching 40 to obtain the vacant margin 41 adjacent each of the aforementioned seams are two overlying lamina 43 of flotat.ion material. It will be understood that the two lamina 43 in the left front pocket and also in the corresponding right front pocket which are not shown are ~titched to the shells 30 and 31 ~nly along the sides as lndicated. This arrangement leaves open the top and bottom ends to permit the intrusion o~ water which operates as a lubr.icant ~nd still ~urther improves the flexibility character-.istic o the garment 10 when in the water. Furthermore, dral.nage of any intruded water is facilitated by this arrange-ment which also shortens drying time of the garment.
Referring now to the cutaway portion of ~`ig~ 2, t.here wi.ll. be observed two single lamina 44 ancl 45 at the back oE the garment which are similarly held in posi-tion by -the sti-tching 40 to define the vacant marginci 41~ L.ess buoyancy is provided at the back of -the garment :L0 than a-t the :Eron-t thereof in order -to provide a turning moment to ro-ta-te an immersed subject face upwards and onto his back which provides a grea-ter degree of safety in the event tha-t the subjec-t falls into the water while in an unconscious state.
As a further sa:Eeguard, vent means are provided at the back of -the jacket in order to exhaust e:Efectively a bubble of ai:r trapped wi-thin the jacket should -the subject fall into the water fee-t first. Without such a ven-t there is the danger that increased buoyancy at the back produced by the air bubble would cause an unconscious subject to float face down in the water. However, the vent means in : the garment lO, which is provided by overlapping edges of yoke and back portions, 46 and 47, respectively, prevent such an occurrence. The sectional view of Fig. 5 shows tha-t the back portions 46 and 47 are secured at one point by means of stitching 48, also shown in Fig. 3, which is required to maintain the structural integ.rity of -the garmen-t.
A partial cross-sectional view of -the lamina 44 and 45, appearing in Fig. 7, indicates that in this back .region of the garment, the lamina are separated to provide a free flow of air either inwardly or outwardly as indicated by the double headed arrow 49. An additional benefit to be found in thi.s structure is the increased comfort provided by the vent means during hot weather whereby -t.he free flow of air induced by the vent means provides a greater degree of comfor~.
It will be understood ~hat various req~liremen-ts may call Eor dlt:t~rellt decJ:rees of buoyancy. Should the requiremen-t be for increased buoyancy, then additional layers of flotati.on mate.~ial may be used. In such casesl however, the plu.ralit.y oE layers will be stitched -toge-ther and to the shells ~0 and 3.l alonlJ side seams so as to permit the top and bottom er-ds to r ~ma in o~en ~or reasons heretofore sta-ted.
Moreover, a multiplici-ty ofthin layers of flotation material is inherently more flexible than an equivalent single layer even wh~ll dry.
In the ~resent embodiment which is designed Eor a mature adult, yarmen-t 1exibility is in keeping with the stated provisions of the invent.ion. But in the event tha-t -the same buoyancy is required for a smaller person as in -the case o:f a child, increased layers of flotation material. would ~e used to meet such requirement and to pro~.r.de the necessary ; garment flexibility and user mobility.
Some additional buoyancy may also be provided by including flotation material in other parts of the garment 10 such as a strip 36 of ~lotation material in the band 17.
Similarly, although not illustrated, flotation material may be added to the cufs 15.
The view of Fig. 5 illustrates the structure of the collar 14 and the axrangement of lamina therein to achieve the vacant mar~ins41 ad.jacent the seam 34. The combination of the flo~ation material within the collar together with the ~ compliant seam 34 permits the collar to rise automatically and ~ to at least partly support upright and out of the water the head of a su~ject wearing the garment. ln order to maillt-lin the collar 14 closed and securely in an upright position -there is used an attachment tab 50 haviny a VELCR0 strip Sl as shown .
,:
in Figs. 1 and 4.
A protective hood 52 is folded in a closabl.e pocke-t 53 of the collar 14. A slide fast:ener 54 maintains -the pocke-t closed when the hood is to be sto:red. Should use of the hood be required, it may be wi~hdrawn and worn as illus-trated in Fig. 4. It will be noted from this fiyure that the hood 5~ is attached along a seam 55 a-t the free end o the collar 14. An adjusted length is provided so that when -the hood is worn in the manner illustrated it assists in main-tainin~ the collar in an upright posi-tion.
An open view of the garment 10 appears in Fig. 3.
A pair of crotch straps 56 are shown secured in an inac-tive position by means of a pair of -tabs 57 -that are faced with VELCRO (no~ shown) that engages corresponding VELCRO ~asteners that are hidden rom view but which are secured to each strap 56.
In order to fully utilize the safety features of the garment 10, the straps 56 are disconnected from the tabs 57 and passed under each leg of the subject with the free ends of the straps being secured at respective -tie-rings 58. Thus, in the event that the jacket :is worn open, and the sub~ect should fall into the water, the crotch straps attached in the foregoing manner will prevent the jacket from pullin~ free.
Moreover, in the ev~nt that the subject jumps or falls in-~o -the water with the jacket closed, the s-traps 56 will prevenr ~--the jacket from rising over the head of the subjec-t. and wil..
maintain the collar 14 in its proper position where it may support -the subje~t's head.
The circulation of cold water around the body ?f the subject is substantially reduced hy the ope.ratior: Gf d drawstring 59 which is held in ~osi.-tion in a known manner on the shell 30 as illustrated. Closure of the jacket usincJ -the drawstring 59, the slide fas-tener 35 and -the band 17, -to~Jether with the opera-tion of all other closurec; hereirlabove mentioned, will serve -to effectively insula-te the t:run]c of the subject.
Under these conditions -the garment 10 acts much like a "wet suit". Th:is is an important cons.iderati.on, pa.r-ticularly when water tempera.ture is low since prolongecl exposure to reduced water -tempera-tures may induce hypothermia and i-ts a-t-tendant hazards. When -the jacket is closed in -the manner il:Lustrated and described, the verticaL movement of water through the garment is prevented even under conditions where the subject is bobbing up and down. Under such conditions -the movement of water is produced b~ a pumping ac-tion of the bobbin~
subject with the wa-ter passing between the back vents and -the bottom of the garment unless inkerrwpted by the drawstring 59.
A signal device in the forln of a whistle (not shown) is secured by means of a lanyard 60 and a tab 61 to the seam 34.
An exterior pocket 62 is attached to the outer shell 31 and is adapted to admit and carry the whistle.
Having regard to the preceding description, i-t will be apparent to those skilled in the art -tha-t the structure of the illustrated embodiment may be readily changed without materially affecting the functional and operational fecltures thereoE. E'or example, the slide fastener 35 may be replaced by other fastening means such as dome :Easteners. Moreove:r, the arrangement of the laminar Elotation material may be altered to suit speciEic buoyancy requiremen-ts. The foregoi.ng description is thus merely illustrative of the various forms in which the invention may be embodied and therefore should ~IOt be considered as restr:ictive ~ut: rather as an exemL~lary s~ruct~lre embodying the :inven-tion which is defined :in the claims appended hereto.
~' ' '
Still another provision of the invention is a flotation garment having a collar that will rise automatically to at least partly support the face and head of the subject when immersed in water.
Still another provision of -the invention is a flotation garment that is self-rightiny to maintain a non-swimmer in a safe, upright attitude irrespective of the subject's position when entering the water.
A further provision of the invention i5 a flotation garment provided with ventilation means for promoting free air circulation when the garment is worn in a dry environment and for exhausting an air bubble trapped within the garment in the event that the subject jumps into the water~
Still another provision of the invention is a protective hood that is stored within the collar and is ~ attached thereto so that when the hood is worn by the su~ject ; the hood raises and maintains the collar in an uprigh-t position.
Still another provision of the invention is an : lmproved flotat.ion garment that is thermally insulative and which is adapted to minimize ~ater flow through the jacket to conserve the hody heat of a subject immersed in water.
Yet ano-ther provision of the invention is a 10tation garment having an esthetically appealing appearance and which is relatively economical ~o manufacture.
The aforementioned disadvantages pertaining to the pr.Lor ar-t may be substclntially ovexcome and -the ~re~cedirlg provisions achieved by recourse to the present :invent:ion which relates to a E:Lotation garment comp.ris:iny, :in combinat:ion, a pliable inner shell in -the form of a jacket body hav:ing sleeves and a colla.r, and a pliable outer s.hell overlying -the inner shell in spaced rela-tion therew:ith, the shells being joine~cl alorlq Se~lllS at the extrenlities of tlle shel:L.~
and along seams in-termediate the jacke-t ~ody, sleeves and collar with the joi:ned shells Eorming a plurali-ty of closed, isolated pockets adapted to re-tain Elotation material~ The flotation ma-terial occupying individual ones of the pockets is disposed -therein to de-Eine a vacant ma:rgin alongside each seam, thereby forming seams with improved compliance and a flotation garment having increased flexibility.
DESCRIPTION OF l'HE DRAWINGS
.... _ .
The invention will now be more particularl~
described wi-th reEerence to an embodiment thereof showll, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a front perspec-tive view of a flotation garment in accordance with the present invention and show:ing cutaway portions to illustrate the interior structure -thereof;
; Fig. 2 is a rear perspective view of a flotation garment in accordance with the present invention and showincJ
cutaway portions -to illustrate the interior structure -thereoE;
E'ig. 3 is a front perspective view tha-t :Ls opened to StlOW the in-terior structure of the garment o~ ~:Lg~ :Li Fiy. 4 is a front perspective view of the garment oE Fi.y. 1 showing a collar portion thereof in an UpStc~lldiIlg position -toge-ther with an accompanying hoocl;
F:ig. 5 is a cross-sec-tional view taken a:long the lines 5 5 of Fig. 3;
FicJ~ 6 is a cross-sec-t:ional ~iew taken along the lines 6--6 oE Fig. l; and Fig~ 7 is a cross-sectional view -taken along the lines 7-7 of Fig. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF TH:E :[LI,USTRATED EMBODIME:NTS
Re:Eerring now -to the clrawings, and par-ticularly to the perspec-tive views oE Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, there will.
be seen a flotation garment 10 that is in the form o a jacket body 11 with s]eeves 12 and a col:Lar 14.
A cuEf 15 is joined to each sleeve along a seam 16 which defines a free-end extremi-ty of each sleeve. Similarly a waist band 17 is joined along a seam 18 which defines a lowermost extremity of the jacke-t body 11. As will be understood from Figs. 2 and 3 -the band 17 includes a pair of elastic strips 19 that are serially connec-ted with the band 17 and are disposed adjacen-t to side seams 20 as indicated in Fig. 3.
It will be observed that each of the cuffs 15 is provided with an openahle closure in the form of a VELCRO
(Trade mark) strip 25 which coacts with a corresponding adjacent strip 21. Ease in each cuff 15 is provlded by rneans of a cutaway portion 27 which ls oveLlapped by .all encl 28 ol the cuEf when it is desired to cons-trict the opening at the wris-t. In similar fashion, an end 29 o:E the band 17 mdy be used to take up ease in the waist band by providi~ a greater overlap of a VELCRO strip 26 therea-t wi.th :its corresponding strip that is hidden from v:iew.
Reference -to the cutaway portiorls of Fi.gs. 1 and 2, as well as -to the cross-sectional v:iews i:Llllst:ratecl in Figs. 5 and 6, reveals that -the garmen-t 10 includes a l.ining shown as a pli.able :inner shell 30 which :Eorms part of the body 11, and :its aypended sleeves ancl co:l.lar. r;xterna the garment 10 has a pliable outer shell 31 overlying the inner shell 30 .in spaced relation therewith. It will be observed that the shel:Ls are joined along seams intermecliate the body 11 and its appended sleeves and collar. In this xegard, it will be seen that the sleeves 12 are joined to the body 11 alon~ respec-tive seams 33. As regards the collar 14, it will be appa:rent from E`ig. 4 that the union between the collar and -the body l.l occurs along a seam 34.
~ ly switable material may be used in fabricating the shells 30 and 31 with due considera-tion given to the stated provisions of the invention. In the present embodirnent the shells are fabricated from nylon because- of its general suitability, durability and long-life characteris-tics.
; In Fi~. 1, it will be observed that a slide fastener 35 is secured along seams 37 which form, respec-tively, a riyht and le~t extremit.y along which shells 30 and 31 are joined. The ~astener 35 which is stitched to the body 11 alon~ the seams 37 provides sui~able means for openably closing : the body 11 ln a known manner.
Additional seams along which the shells 30 and 31 : are joined incl~de shoulder seams 38 which ex-tend on each side of the jacke-t between respect:ive sleeve seams 33 and the seam ~4~ Thus, the sleeves and collar together wLth the : - 6 -joined shells as described form a plu:ral:ity of closed, isolated pockets that are adapted to retain flota-tion ma-terial.
Suitable flotation ma-terials having adeqwate buo~ancy and insulation qualities comprise known closed-cellular foam available in laminar form :in a range of thicknesses varying from about 1/4" to 1 l/4". Some acceptable foam materials include neoprene closed-cellular foam, vinyl closed-cellular foam and polyethylene closed-cellular foam.
A particular1y suitable Elotation material for-the embodimenthere-in described is a polyvinyl chloride i~entified by-the term AIREX
(Trade mark), type S30-50 and having a thickness of only 3~16".
According to the cutaway portion of Fiys. l and 2, it will be seen that laminar flotation material is u~ed and that it is shaped to occupy individual ones oE the aforementioned pockets. In particular, it will be observed in Figs. l and 2 that lamina of flotation material occupy individual ones o~
the pockets in such a way as to define a vacant margin 41 alongside each of the aforementioned seams. This is an - important structural feature of the embodiment illustrated and described herein since it provides seams with improved compliance and a garment 10 which has increased flexibility not only in a dry environment but also when it is we~. The 1exibility characteristic is an important one since it results in a garment that is less restrictive and therPfore more comfortable r and which pexmits a high degree of user mobilit~
either ln or out of the water.
An example oE the vacant margin 41 is observable in Figs. 1 and ~, the margins 41 being shown on either side of the seam 33. Al~howgh individual seams are not shown in all instances, it will be understood that the marglns 41 are found substantially throughout the jacket s-tructure in order to achieve the improved degree of flexibility~
Maintaini.ny the lamina of f:lotation mate.r:ial in their respec~ive posi-tions may be achieved using adhesives but in the elr~od.imen-t .illustrated sti-tching 40 secures the shells 30 and 31 to the lamina and holds it in place~
The cross-sectional view of Fig. 6 illustra-tes a longitudinal seam 42 which is intermediate the seam 16 of each sleeve and the hody 11. This figure shows further a tubular arrangement of lamina 39 of flotation materia:L and indicates tha vacant marc~ins41 which are to be found on each side of the seam 42. Also illustrated is the manner in which the flotation material in each sleeve is secured in position by means of the stitching 40.
~he cutaway view of Fig. 1 shows a left front pocket defined by shells 30 and 31 and bounded by seams 18, 20, 33, 37 and 38. .Disposed therein and held in place by means of the stitching 40 to obtain the vacant margin 41 adjacent each of the aforementioned seams are two overlying lamina 43 of flotat.ion material. It will be understood that the two lamina 43 in the left front pocket and also in the corresponding right front pocket which are not shown are ~titched to the shells 30 and 31 ~nly along the sides as lndicated. This arrangement leaves open the top and bottom ends to permit the intrusion o~ water which operates as a lubr.icant ~nd still ~urther improves the flexibility character-.istic o the garment 10 when in the water. Furthermore, dral.nage of any intruded water is facilitated by this arrange-ment which also shortens drying time of the garment.
Referring now to the cutaway portion of ~`ig~ 2, t.here wi.ll. be observed two single lamina 44 ancl 45 at the back oE the garment which are similarly held in posi-tion by -the sti-tching 40 to define the vacant marginci 41~ L.ess buoyancy is provided at the back of -the garment :L0 than a-t the :Eron-t thereof in order -to provide a turning moment to ro-ta-te an immersed subject face upwards and onto his back which provides a grea-ter degree of safety in the event tha-t the subjec-t falls into the water while in an unconscious state.
As a further sa:Eeguard, vent means are provided at the back of -the jacket in order to exhaust e:Efectively a bubble of ai:r trapped wi-thin the jacket should -the subject fall into the water fee-t first. Without such a ven-t there is the danger that increased buoyancy at the back produced by the air bubble would cause an unconscious subject to float face down in the water. However, the vent means in : the garment lO, which is provided by overlapping edges of yoke and back portions, 46 and 47, respectively, prevent such an occurrence. The sectional view of Fig. 5 shows tha-t the back portions 46 and 47 are secured at one point by means of stitching 48, also shown in Fig. 3, which is required to maintain the structural integ.rity of -the garmen-t.
A partial cross-sectional view of -the lamina 44 and 45, appearing in Fig. 7, indicates that in this back .region of the garment, the lamina are separated to provide a free flow of air either inwardly or outwardly as indicated by the double headed arrow 49. An additional benefit to be found in thi.s structure is the increased comfort provided by the vent means during hot weather whereby -t.he free flow of air induced by the vent means provides a greater degree of comfor~.
It will be understood ~hat various req~liremen-ts may call Eor dlt:t~rellt decJ:rees of buoyancy. Should the requiremen-t be for increased buoyancy, then additional layers of flotati.on mate.~ial may be used. In such casesl however, the plu.ralit.y oE layers will be stitched -toge-ther and to the shells ~0 and 3.l alonlJ side seams so as to permit the top and bottom er-ds to r ~ma in o~en ~or reasons heretofore sta-ted.
Moreover, a multiplici-ty ofthin layers of flotation material is inherently more flexible than an equivalent single layer even wh~ll dry.
In the ~resent embodiment which is designed Eor a mature adult, yarmen-t 1exibility is in keeping with the stated provisions of the invent.ion. But in the event tha-t -the same buoyancy is required for a smaller person as in -the case o:f a child, increased layers of flotation material. would ~e used to meet such requirement and to pro~.r.de the necessary ; garment flexibility and user mobility.
Some additional buoyancy may also be provided by including flotation material in other parts of the garment 10 such as a strip 36 of ~lotation material in the band 17.
Similarly, although not illustrated, flotation material may be added to the cufs 15.
The view of Fig. 5 illustrates the structure of the collar 14 and the axrangement of lamina therein to achieve the vacant mar~ins41 ad.jacent the seam 34. The combination of the flo~ation material within the collar together with the ~ compliant seam 34 permits the collar to rise automatically and ~ to at least partly support upright and out of the water the head of a su~ject wearing the garment. ln order to maillt-lin the collar 14 closed and securely in an upright position -there is used an attachment tab 50 haviny a VELCR0 strip Sl as shown .
,:
in Figs. 1 and 4.
A protective hood 52 is folded in a closabl.e pocke-t 53 of the collar 14. A slide fast:ener 54 maintains -the pocke-t closed when the hood is to be sto:red. Should use of the hood be required, it may be wi~hdrawn and worn as illus-trated in Fig. 4. It will be noted from this fiyure that the hood 5~ is attached along a seam 55 a-t the free end o the collar 14. An adjusted length is provided so that when -the hood is worn in the manner illustrated it assists in main-tainin~ the collar in an upright posi-tion.
An open view of the garment 10 appears in Fig. 3.
A pair of crotch straps 56 are shown secured in an inac-tive position by means of a pair of -tabs 57 -that are faced with VELCRO (no~ shown) that engages corresponding VELCRO ~asteners that are hidden rom view but which are secured to each strap 56.
In order to fully utilize the safety features of the garment 10, the straps 56 are disconnected from the tabs 57 and passed under each leg of the subject with the free ends of the straps being secured at respective -tie-rings 58. Thus, in the event that the jacket :is worn open, and the sub~ect should fall into the water, the crotch straps attached in the foregoing manner will prevent the jacket from pullin~ free.
Moreover, in the ev~nt that the subject jumps or falls in-~o -the water with the jacket closed, the s-traps 56 will prevenr ~--the jacket from rising over the head of the subjec-t. and wil..
maintain the collar 14 in its proper position where it may support -the subje~t's head.
The circulation of cold water around the body ?f the subject is substantially reduced hy the ope.ratior: Gf d drawstring 59 which is held in ~osi.-tion in a known manner on the shell 30 as illustrated. Closure of the jacket usincJ -the drawstring 59, the slide fas-tener 35 and -the band 17, -to~Jether with the opera-tion of all other closurec; hereirlabove mentioned, will serve -to effectively insula-te the t:run]c of the subject.
Under these conditions -the garment 10 acts much like a "wet suit". Th:is is an important cons.iderati.on, pa.r-ticularly when water tempera.ture is low since prolongecl exposure to reduced water -tempera-tures may induce hypothermia and i-ts a-t-tendant hazards. When -the jacket is closed in -the manner il:Lustrated and described, the verticaL movement of water through the garment is prevented even under conditions where the subject is bobbing up and down. Under such conditions -the movement of water is produced b~ a pumping ac-tion of the bobbin~
subject with the wa-ter passing between the back vents and -the bottom of the garment unless inkerrwpted by the drawstring 59.
A signal device in the forln of a whistle (not shown) is secured by means of a lanyard 60 and a tab 61 to the seam 34.
An exterior pocket 62 is attached to the outer shell 31 and is adapted to admit and carry the whistle.
Having regard to the preceding description, i-t will be apparent to those skilled in the art -tha-t the structure of the illustrated embodiment may be readily changed without materially affecting the functional and operational fecltures thereoE. E'or example, the slide fastener 35 may be replaced by other fastening means such as dome :Easteners. Moreove:r, the arrangement of the laminar Elotation material may be altered to suit speciEic buoyancy requiremen-ts. The foregoi.ng description is thus merely illustrative of the various forms in which the invention may be embodied and therefore should ~IOt be considered as restr:ictive ~ut: rather as an exemL~lary s~ruct~lre embodying the :inven-tion which is defined :in the claims appended hereto.
~' ' '
Claims (15)
1. A flotation garment comprising, in combination:
a pliable inner shell in the form of a jacket body having sleeves and a collar;
a pliable outer shell overlying the inner shell in spaced relation therewith, the shells being joined along first seams at the extremities of said shells and intermediate the jacket body, sleeves and collar with the joined shells forming a plurality of closed, first pockets adapted to retain flotation material;
a plurality of second pockets formed by joining the shells along second seams spaced inwardly of said first seams with individual ones of the first pockets circumscribing and isolating corresponding ones of second pockets; and flotation material occupying only said second pockets and said pockets defining a vacant margin intermediate said first and second seams, thereby forming seams with improved compliance and a flotation garment having increased flexibility.
a pliable inner shell in the form of a jacket body having sleeves and a collar;
a pliable outer shell overlying the inner shell in spaced relation therewith, the shells being joined along first seams at the extremities of said shells and intermediate the jacket body, sleeves and collar with the joined shells forming a plurality of closed, first pockets adapted to retain flotation material;
a plurality of second pockets formed by joining the shells along second seams spaced inwardly of said first seams with individual ones of the first pockets circumscribing and isolating corresponding ones of second pockets; and flotation material occupying only said second pockets and said pockets defining a vacant margin intermediate said first and second seams, thereby forming seams with improved compliance and a flotation garment having increased flexibility.
2. A garment as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the collar portion contains sufficient flotation material such that, in combination with the compliant seam intermediate the collar and jacket body, the collar will rise automatically to at least partly support upright and out of the water the head of a subject wearing the garment when immersed in water.
3. A garment as claimed in Claim 2 further comprising air vent means disposed in the upper back portion of the jacket body for promoting air circulation in a dry environment and for exhausting air trapped within the garment in the event that said subject jumps into the water.
4. A garment as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the flotation material at the front of the jacket body provides greater buoyancy than the flotation material at the back of said jacket body, thereby providing a turning moment to rotate the immersed subject face upwards and on his back.
5. A garment as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the collar portions of the inner and outer shells define a closable pocket within the collar, the garment further comprising a protective hood stored in the closable pocket and attached to the collar along a seam at the free end thereof, the hood being adapted to be worn by the subject and having an adjusted length to assist in maintaining the collar in an upright position.
6. A garment as claimed in Claim 5 wherein each sleeve includes a longitudinal seam intermediate the free end of the sleeve and the jacket body and along which the inner and outer shells are joined.
7. A garment as claimed in Claim 6 wherein the jacket body includes a shoulder seam intermediate each sleeve and the collar and a side seam intermediate each sleeve and the lowermost end of the jacket body and along which the inner and other shells are joined.
8. A garment as claimed in Claim 7 wherein the front portion of the jacket body is split centrally and vertically to form a left and a right extremity along which the inner and outer shells are joined in a seam, the garment further comprising fastener means disposed along the left and right extremities for openably closing the jacket body.
9. A garment as claimed in Claim 8 wherein the flotation material at the front portion of the jacket body is disposed within respective left and right pockets and comprises at least two lamina of closed-cellular foam that are joined together along the vertical sides thereof and which are open at the uppermost and lowermost ends thereof to permit intrusion of water as a lubricant to increase the flexibility of the garment and improve the mobility of the immersed subject.
10. A garment as claimed in Claim 9 wherein the vent means comprises a horizontal slit in the upper back portion of the jacket body intermediate the sleeves, the horizontal slit forming upper and lower extremities along which the inner and outer shells are joined in corresponding seams, the flotation material being disposed therealong in substantially contacting relation within each corresponding pocket and said upper and lower extremities overlapping and being joined centrally of the jacket back to provide left and right vents.
11. A garment as claimed in Claim 10 further comprising drawstring fastening means disposed circumferentially on the inner shell for drawing said inner shell into engaging relation with the waist of the subject to minimize the vertical movement of water through the jacket intermediate said vents and the jacket bottom when the subjects is immersed.
12. A garment as claimed in Claim 11 further comprising openable wrist, hip and neck closures secured to corresponding portions of the garment to minimize the entry of water when the subject is immersed.
13. A garment as claimed in Claim 12 further comprising a pair of crotch straps, each strap having one end securably attached to the back of the jacket body interiorly of the garment and a free end adapted to pass under each leg of the subject and to be releasably secured to the front of the jacket body interiorly of said garment.
14. A garment as claimed in Claim 13 further comprising a whistle secured to the jacket body by means of a lanyard and an external pocket attached to the outer shell and adapted to admit and carry said whistle.
15. A garment as claimed in Claim 14 wherein the flotation material comprises closed-cellular foam.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA327,149A CA1111714A (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1979-05-08 | Personal flotation device |
| US06/070,407 USD266880S (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1979-08-27 | Jacket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA327,149A CA1111714A (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1979-05-08 | Personal flotation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1111714A true CA1111714A (en) | 1981-11-03 |
Family
ID=4114160
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA327,149A Expired CA1111714A (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1979-05-08 | Personal flotation device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USD266880S (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1111714A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4917641A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1990-04-17 | Shoji Katoh | Life jacket |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD744202S1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2015-12-01 | Emma Jane Brown | Padded vest |
| USD735447S1 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2015-08-04 | Emma Jane Brown | Padded garment |
| USD732800S1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2015-06-30 | Emma Jane Brown | Coat |
| JP6281899B2 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2018-02-21 | グローブライド株式会社 | Jacket |
| USD756603S1 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-05-24 | Nike, Inc. | Hooded garment |
| USD775788S1 (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-01-10 | Nike, Inc. | Hooded garment |
| USD756602S1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-05-24 | Nike, Inc. | Garment |
| USD758698S1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-06-14 | Nike, Inc. | Hooded garment |
| USD767855S1 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2016-10-04 | Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. | Jacket |
| USD838936S1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2019-01-29 | Earle W. Kolb | Jacket with angled pockets |
| USD829412S1 (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-10-02 | Syed Shahnawaz Karim | Convertible jacket |
| USD968049S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-01 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD968760S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-08 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD886416S1 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2020-06-09 | Cozy Comfort Copmany LLC | Over-garment with a marsupial pocket |
| USD968761S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-08 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD968759S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-08 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD968050S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-01 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD903237S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2020-12-01 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Over-garment with an elevated marsupial pocket |
| USD968051S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-01 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD969458S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-15 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body blanket |
| USD905380S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2020-12-22 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body blanket |
| USD968758S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-08 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
| USD970154S1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-11-22 | Cozy Comfort Company Llc | Whole body wearable blanket |
-
1979
- 1979-05-08 CA CA327,149A patent/CA1111714A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-27 US US06/070,407 patent/USD266880S/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4917641A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1990-04-17 | Shoji Katoh | Life jacket |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| USD266880S (en) | 1982-11-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |