CA1108921A - Composition for intensified fattening of livestock and poultry and method of preparing same - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The composition contains as the active substance a per-chlorate having the formula X(ClO4)n, where X is an alka-line or alkaline-earth metal, as well as the NH4 ammonium ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X, applied to a dispersed porous carrier inert relative to the said per-chlorate and harmless for internal use, e.g. silica gel, diatomite, perlite.
The composition may contain additives of chlorides of sodium and/or alkaline metals.
The active substance content in the composition is from 5 to 50 weight per cent.
The main advantage of the composition is its high ef-fectiveness as a growth promoter which has practically no side effects. Besides, the composition is convenient for use and is safe in handling.

Description

COMP()SIrrI()M ~OR INTr,NSIl; IF,I:) ~ATTF,MING OF
LIVF.~T(~(~K AND POllLTRY AND M~,q'HOI:) OF PR~-PARIN(:; ~;AM~, The present invention relates to farming and conce~ns in~
creasing the productivity of raising liveskock and poultry and specifically , it relates to compositions for intensifying fatteninq of livestock and poultry.
Achievements of modern science and effective methods of livestock raising are extensively used throughout the world in order to ensure rapid development of animal husbandry.
Apart from improvinq the breed of cattle, their feed and condi-tions of keepina, efforts have been made in recent years to use variouscompositions promotinq the growth and increasinq the weight of animals.
Among the best know productivity raising agents used in animal husbandrv are antibiotics, vitamins, hormones, microelements, bacterial prepartions, etc. All of these agents are growth promoters and, used in optlmum doses, serve for the ultimate purpose of obtaining additional pro-duce.
Best known are the following compostions:
1. Sex-gland hormones and their analogs:
(a) natural steroid estrongens, viz., estradiol and .

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its analoas of a differen~ chemicalcornposition (meastra-nol, stilhens, hexestrole, etc.);
(b) synthetic phytoestrogens, the analogs of natural phytoestrogens, e.q. of cumestrole t etc.:
(c) natural steroid androgen testosterone and its de-rivatives, viz. dianabol, methylandrostendiol (r~D)~phena bolin, etc.;
(d) synthetic analogs o steroid hestaaen progesterone;
(e) various combinations of the above arowth promot-ers: estradioland progesterone (synovex ~or heifers), estra-diol and testosterone (svnovex for gelders) or threnbolone (reva]or,thorelor);
(f~ natural estroqen products of fungus microorganisms, "mycoestroaens", gibberellic acid (ralaro), et al.;

2. Analogs of thyronines and preparations acting via the thyroid ~land: casein iodine, elemental iodine, beta-zine, various th~yreostatics depressing the function of the thyroid gland.

3. Polypeptide and alhuminous hormones: insulin, etc.
~f the above aqents, synovexes have found widest appli-cation; experiments with steroid estroqen mestranole yield good results; trenbolone acetate has been recommended for use in com~ination with estradiol (revalor, torelor) for bull-calves and ~elders; progestagen and mycoestro~en .

~i - 2 zeranole are advertizedq The~e compounds increase weight gains by 5-20%, allow to achieve a~ter 3-6 mon-ths of fattening an additi.onal maas increase o~ 5-lO kg and more per one animal~ and a saving o~ feed am~unting to 5-15%.
However, despite their high biological and economic effectiveness, the application o~ the abovementioned sti-mulators is hindered in view of toxicity which many o~
them posse~s; as well as the acc~nulation of the agent~
in the meat causing side reactions which alter the influ-ence o~ the active matter on the metabolic and physiolo-gical processe~
Besides, all o~ the said compositions are produced in insu-~ficient quantities to meet the dernands o~ the live-stock raising indu~try, some of them being hardly a~ail-able~
Several compo~itions are introduced only by implanta-tion which limit~ their application ln the modern live-stock rai~ing industry.
Perchlora-tec of ~he fo~mula X(ClO~ rhere X is NH4, Mg Ca ; n is the number equal to the valence of X, are also kno~n as growth promoting and poultry, said 8alt3 being u~ed separately or in mixture with one ano-ther/ or in an aqueou~ ~olution.

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' , These s~bstances ensure a 10-25~ weight increase, are practically non-toxic, cause no side effects, are comrnercial-ly availahle and are produced on an industrial scale~
It is known, however, that chlorine acid salts are eY~-plosion and fire hazardous when used separately and, parti-cularly, in mixture with organic substances. Thus, dry am-monium perchlorate is ra-ther sensitive to shock, fric-tion, heating, and when it is combined wi-th organic substances~
the risk of ex~losion andinflamrnation is considerably in-creased. Pure ma~nesium and calcium perchlorates are lessexplosion and fire hazardous as a result of their high hygro-scopic quali-ties and the capacitv of forming crystal hy-drates. Nevertheless, these salts are also explosion-ha-zardous when the,v are combined in the dry state with orga-nic substances.
An object of the present invention is to provide novel compostion for intensified fattening of animals and birds, which would be highly effective and safe in application.
Another ob~ect of th~ invention is to provide a pre-'paration form for the active substance which would be con-venient for practical use.
A further object of the invention is to provide a simple and economical method for preparing the composition.
According to the invention, the composition intended for promoting the growth and increasi,ng the weight of animals and poultry contains as the active substance a perchlorate having the formula X(ClOa), where X :i.s Nl14, an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal; n is the nurnher~ equal to -th~ valence of X, applied to a dispersed porous carrier which is inert relati,ve to the said salt and harmless for internal use.
The content of the active substance in the said com-position amounts to 5-50 wt% in terms of the C104 ion. The z~
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upper concentration limit is determined hy the carrier capacity, and reduction of the active substance concentration below 5 is not feasible as it results in unreasonably large doses of thecomposition fed. The actlve substance concentra-tion may exceed 50 wt%, but this is made possible by usinq highly dispersed carriers. Application of hi~hly concentrated compounds however, makes their co~bination with the feed less convenient. The most effective concentration of the active substance in terms of the C10~ ion is 15-33%.
As perchlorates there may be used N~4C104,NaC104,Mg(~104)2, Ca(C104)2 or mixtures thereof, as well as any perchlorates con-taining any other metal producing no adverse effect on the animal's system.
The applicatlon of alkaline-earth metal salts is pre-ferable, inasmuch as maanesium and calcium ions constitute the usual componentsin the diet of the animals (e.g. they are present in water in considerahly greater quantities), and the said salts are less expolsion-hazardous than -the ammonium salt, which makes them more suitable for industrial production of the composition-The carrying aqent mav be any mineral carrier, including perlite, silica gel, diatomite, alumogel and other inert dispersed materials harmless for internal use.
Sodium chloride and/or magnesium and calcium chlorides may be additionally introduced into the mixture composition.
In such cases, both meneral and organic carriers may be used.
Wood sawdust, chopped hay, skraw, feed meal, etc. may be used as such an organic carrier.
The preparation form of the composi-tionis a free-flowing nonca]iing powder.
The proposed compositionwas yiven the code name "ROSTOM"

and hereinafter it will be referred to as such.

X _ 5 _ Accordinq to the inven-tion, the presentcoMposition is obtained by treatincr the above mentioned porous carrier with an a~ueous solution of a perchloric acid salt with a concen-centration of 100 to 920 g/l in terms of C104.
The carrier mav be treated with the salt hy immersing the former in the salt solution with subsequent exposure for 10-60 minutes and separation of the impregnated carrier from the solution. The carrier may also he treated b~ sprayiny the salt solution over it.
To obtain ROSTOM containing sodium, magnesium or calcium chlorides, the latter should be introduced into the impregnating solute compostion in pure form, or by an exchanqe reaction between sodium perchlorate and the chloride of the respective salt.
ROSTOM ohtained on the basis of ammonium perchlorate may be used in areas with a humid andcool climate. However, in order to ensure the safe use of the comPositiOn, it is pre-ferable to prepare it based on maqnesium or calcium salts.
But thesesalts should be also applied to a mineral carrier and ~0 may be safely used at a relative air humidity of 30%.
Introducing sodium and/or calcium and magnesium chlorides into the make-up of the compound makes it yet greater fire and explosion proof. In this case, the compostion obtained on -the basis of M~ and Ca perchlorate salts is freely usable under an~ eonditions, even with an organie earrier.
When RO5TOM is placed into water, the active substance is cluickly and full~ washed out o~ the carr;er into the aqueous medium.
It is recommended to use E~OSTOM in feed in mixtures -the doses of the active substance ranginc~ from l to 3 mg per 1 k~ of the animal's weiyhtin 24 hours~ al-thouyh an increase of the active substance up to 10 mg is also possible.

~f .~'.' ' ' , The composltion is quickly absorbed by the animals's system and is co~pletely excreted therefrom within 24-36 hours practically without selectively accumulating in any or~an or tissue. No adverse side e~fect has been registered and some data indicate an improvement of the meat quality.
The application of ~OSTOM at the final stage of fattening steps up feed assimilation which results in increased nitro~en retention and makes for a more effective synthesis of the main tissues of the system wlthout increasing the animal die-t.
The toxic action of ROSTOM was studied using different animals: white mice, white rats and rabbits (2.5 - 3 kg) when it was administered perorally, as well as when the active substance in solution was administered intravenously and subcutaneously. Toxicity was determined under acute, subacute and chronic experimental conditi.ons. Table 1 shows the main toxicometric data.
As is seen, acute toxicity depends on the method of ad-ministering the active substance into the oraanism. The com-position is least toxic when admisistered perorally. The Table 1 Main toxicometrlc data Lethal doses, mg of actlve substance /
Administered1 kg ___________________ mice rats rabbits mice rats rabbits ________ _____________~_________~__________~___________________ Perorally 2~00 4500 750 3100 6200 900 Intravenously 493 800 100-150 625 1083 220 - Subcutaneously 950 1600 - 1425 3830 - -ratin~ of the preparation by the accepted clas.sification allows it to be classed as a practically non-poisonous chemical substance.

, The chronica(3mihistra~ion of thecomposition in doses of 50,10 and 1 mg/l kg of the animal's weight for 6-12 months caused no apparent chan~es in the behaviour, general condition and survivability of the animals.
It was established experimentally that -the lethal dose is approximately 1000 times greater than the op-timum one.
1~7hen evaluating biolo~ically active substances proposed as fattening stimulators for farm animals, great emphasis is placed on the rates of assimilation, ~istribution and excretion of the preparation from the organism. For studies ROSTOM's active substance was used marked with radioactive chlorine.
The experiments were carried out using whike rats, males and females wei~hing 150-180 g, and sheep.
T~hen administered perorally, the C104 ions are quickly assimilated penetrating into all organs and tissues. The maximum radioactive content in the blood of white rats was detected after 1 hour following the administration. Then the radioactivity level was gradually decreased and in 24-28 hours after administeriny the composition, traces of radioactivity 0 were found only in a few organs. The data represented in Table 2.
xperiments with rats indicated no cumulative effect when the composition was administered repeatedly (during 30 days).
Thus, it was shown that the C104 ions do not accumulate in the orqanism.
In experiments with sheep the maximum Cl content is the blood was o~served in 2 hours after administeriny the com-position. Then blood radioactiv;ty sharply droppe~, only traces of it being detectable in 24 hours.
The excretion of the C104 ion from the organism is effected mainly by kidne~s. This is also indicated by results of direct radioactivity measurements of organs and tissues o~ sheep killed at different periods after administering the composition.

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Table 2 ~istrlbution of C 6 in or~ans and ti.ssues of rats after oral adminis~ration of a single portion of the compound Radioact.ivity, 1 10 micro-Curie/g.
of tissue ______--___________ ____________________________________________ in 60 minutes in 48 hours ______________________________________________ ___________~_ Blood 34.3 0 Thyroid cland 33.0 1.2 Liver 13.6 0 Kidney 26.0 0.3 Femur muscle 8.7 0 ~Bone It was found in experiments with sheep that, irrespective of its content in the blood, the relative content of the C104 ion in the muscle tissue with respect to its content in the blood remained constant and amounted to 5-7~. In 72 hours, a practically complete excretion of the C104 ion from the organ-ism occured.
Animals recei.vin~ ROSTOM are in the normal state. No ; ~ side, undersirable or remote effects have been observed.
Observation of the clinical condition of the experimental ~ animals did not indicate any considerable deviations from :~ the:norm. Clinical and hemetalogical data indicated the normal state of the animals.
When studying the biochemical bl.ood charateristics of , the experimental animals, normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolisms were observed. The data are shown in Table 3.
ROSTOM raises the total content of nucleic acids in _ g _ ~1 .
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the blood, the liver and the longes-t muscle of the back of the animals. The relative stahili.tv of the ~hsolute ~lood seru~. albumin content, the liver histologic structure data indicate that the compositions tested do not procluce any adverse effect on the proteosynthetic liver function.
~ OSTOM has a favourable effect on the diges-tibilit~ of the main nutrients of the feed in the animal system. Specially conducted experiments sho~Jed that ROSTOM slows down the passage of .~ood in the alimentar~ tract making possible a more complete assimilation of the feed nutrients (particularly, of protein and cellulose).. The addition of ROSTOM alters the digestive processes in the rumen of ruminants.
Table 3 Biochemical characteristics of the blood of bull-calves Experimental groups Characteristics ----------------------------------------------investiqated Group 1: Composition fed Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 10 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 1 mg/kg 3 my/kg _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ :
Serum protein, - :
g/~ 7.538.258.17 7.41 7.58 ~esidual nitrogen .~.
mg % 35.942.8 41.5 38.5 43.6 ~eneral lipids, mg % 970 988 994 1012 958 Licitinejmg ~ 127 140 125 135 -3 Cholesterol/mg % 165 192 177 170 167 Sugar, mg ~ 58.353.8 60 58.5 58.2 Cholinesterase 181 229 194 171 207 Protein-related lodine,mkg % 4.323.87 3.98 4.14 3.76 Under its influence the pH is lowered, the propionic acld con-centration is increased, as well as that of the protein nitrogen, ~,~1 - 10 --92~
and the level of formation of the volatile fatty acids.
A decrease of energy losses ls observed in -the animals spent on accumulation of heat, -the effectiveness of feed is increased which is shown in greater weiyht gains and lower feed consumption per a unit of gained weight.
The data presented below charaterize -the effectiveness of application of ROSTOM hased on ammonium perchlora-te (T~OSTOM
A) and magnesium perchlorate (ROSrr'OM M) for the fattening of cattle. During the period of 2-4 months before slauyhter, the animals were fed RO.STOM in addition to the main diet (in mixture with concentrated feed, sweel and granulated mixed food) in quantities 2.0-2.5 mg of the active substance per 1 k~ of the animal weight. ROSTOM was withheld from the diet 3-4 davs before slaughter. The data are shown in Tables ~ and 5. In the control tests indicatea in the Tables the animals were kept in the same conditions, with the same diet as those in the test groups, but they did not receive the composition.
Similar effects are produced by ROSTOM during the fatten-ing of pigs, sheep, rahbits and broilers. The application of ROSTOM in the fattening of sheep results in a greater wool clip, and when it is ~iven to fur-bearing animals, their pelt slzes lncrease.
Compared to the controls, the quality of meat obtained ; from animals receiving ROSTOM is not lower, some of the data indicatin~ hi~her quality of bee (af~er application of ROSTOM M).
In Table 6 are shown meat analysis results obtained after the slaughter o~ castrated bull-calves of the Kazakh white-head breed which received ROSTOM.

The data in Tahle 6 make possible a positive evaluation of the qualify of meat obtained from animals which received ROSTOM.

ROSTO~ additionall~ inkroduced in-to the animal diet in amounts of 2 to 25 mg/kg of the animal weight (in terrns of the C104 content) did not affect the high qua1i-ty of the meat, while growth promoters applie~ for sirnilar purposes previously produced certain h~drophilous properties in the meat with the correspondinglv lower white matter content.
The veterinary inspection of meat at ini-tial stages of storage, obtained from animals of control and experlmental groups indicated that its storage life is practicallv the same. The chemical compostion of the fact (from various deposition areas) did not show any considerable Table 4~
Effective application of ROSTOM AX' Group of No. of Duratlon l^Jeight Economy animals experi- of experi- gain rela- of feed, ment ment, days tive to con- %
trol, %
___________.____________________________________________________ Cows Black-mottled breed bull-calves 1 120 18 16 ~ -" ~ 80 11.8 9.5 - " 3 91 19.8 17.1 " 4 59 15.2 7.1 ~' 5 120 18.3 6 285Xx) 8 7.0 " 7 90 17.8 14.6 gelders 8 80 16.4 15.9 ____ _ _ Brown Latvian breed bull-calves 9 88 10~5 8.8 30" 10 94 13.9 3.4 __ _ ___ _. _ _____________ ~ x) Preparation was used ~ith interruptions ~t - 12 -z~

) Number of animals in each experirnent amounted to 300--500 head __________________________________________________________._____ ________________________________________________________________ Simmenthal breed bull-claves 11 30 14.5 12.5 gelders 12 53 24.9 20.3 heifers 13 30 14.8 10.3 __________ _____________________________________________________ Xazakh white head - breed _ qelders 14 180X) 17.8 10.7 ~elders 15 90 17.3 16.1 " 16 90 21.5 Kholmo~or breed :
heifers 17 30 31.5 18.5 _______________ _________ _______________________________ ______Chicken broilers 18 28 8.6 -"- 19 40 13.2 Table 5 Effective application of ROSTOM M

, , Breed No. of Duration of ~eiaht ~ain Economy of cat- experi- experiment, relative to of feed, tle ment days control, % %
____________ _________________________________________________ _ .
Brown steppe breed 1 31 25.8 21.0 ___________ Simmenthal breed 30 head 2 30 16.8 39 head 3 30 10.9 32 head 4 30 28.5 21.5 . 30 _----_______________ Kazakh white head breed ~7 `~

271 head 5 90 16.7 14.0 Brown steppe breed 512 head 6 90 33.1 19.6 Table 6 Meat analysis results S a m p i e Group Content,_% Caloricity, drv protein fat ash kcal/kg matter _____________________________________.__________________________ Longest muscle cont- 23.9720.98 1.99 1.00 1045 of the back rol prepa- 24.5821.20 2.36 1.02 1088 ratlon Average sample control34.6116.82 16.80 0.99 2252 -~
of carcass ration 35 7417.18 17.56 1.00 2337 -discrepancy with the control sample. Experts tastina the boiled meat and hroths did not detect any strange smells and other~deviations.
Thus, according to results obtained both under laboratory and lndustrial animal farming conditions, ROSTOM is seen to intensify considerably animal fattening. -~
The low toxicity of the active substance combined with safe~handling o~ the composition, its low cost, availability and high~econOmiC effectiveness prove that i-t has a promising future in animal husbandry.
Below are shown a few examples of obtaining ROSTOM using perlite, silica c~el, diatomite, grass meal, wood sawdust with a different make up o-f the impregnating solution containing the active substance.
Fxample 1 One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3 X

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having a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed in a vessel containing 2S liters of solution with the Mg(C104)~ concen-tration of 735 g/l, held therein for 60 minutes with ~ixing, separated from the solution bv f iltering under vacuum at room temperature. The obtained composition contains 45~ of perchlor-ate by weight in terms of the C104 ion.
xample 2 One kiloaram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3 havinq a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed in a vessel containing 20 liters of solution with the Mg(C104)2 concen-tration of 527 g/l, held for 30 minutes and separated from the solution by filterinq under vacuum. The obtained composition contains 25% of perchlorate by weight in terms of the C104 ion, 7.2~ of NaC1 corresponding to 0.29 parts by weight o NaC1 relative to the content of the C104 ion.
Example 3 One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3 havlng a particle size of O.15 to l mm is placed in a vessel containing 25 liters of solution with a concentration of Mg IC104)2 527 q/1, a concentration of NaC1 136 g/l and a concen-tration of MgCl2 18 g/1, held for lS minut-es and separated from the solution by filtering under vacuum. The obtained composition contains 23 8 % by weiaht of perchlorate in terms of the Cl0~ ion, 6.6 ~ of NaCl, 0.9% of MgCl2 corresponding to 0.28 parts by weiaht of NaCl and 0.038 parts by weight of MgC12 relative to the content of the Cl04 ion.
Example 4 One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 k~/m3 havinq a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed into a solu-tion containinq 560 g/l of Ca(C10~)2, held for 10 minutes with mixing and separated from the solution by filtering under vacuum. The obtained composition contains 30 % by weight of ~1 .

perchlorate in ter~s of the C104 ion.
Exam le 5 One kilogram o~ perlite with a bulk. weight of 100 kg/m3 is placed in a vessel containing 25 liters of solution with concentration of the mixture o.f Ca(C104)2 and Mg(C104)2, with a ratio of 1:1, held for 10 minutes with mixing and separated from the solution. The obtained compound contains 32 ~ by weight of per chlorate in terms o~ the C104 ion.
Examp e 6 One kilogram of dried silica gel having a particle size of 1 to 2 mm is placed in a vessel containin~ 5 liters of solution with the Ma(C10~)2 concentration of 336 g/1, NaCl concentration of 168 g/l and MgC12 concentration of 9 g/l, held with mixin~ for 30 minutes and separated by filtering under vacuum. The obtained coTnposition contains 18 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion, 10.1 % of NaCl, 0.54 of MgC12, corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.03 parts by weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.
Example 7 One kilogram of diatomite with the powder unit surface of 6.7 m /g is placed in a vessel, containing 25 liters of solution with the M~(C104)2 concentration of 336 g/l, the NaCl concen-tration of 168 g/l and the ~gC12 concentration of 9 g/l, held -~ -with mixing for 30 minutes and separated by filtering. The obtained co~position contains 31 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion, 17.4% of ~aCl, 0.g3 % of MgC12 corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.03 parts by weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.
_ample 8 One kilogram of chopped hay (grass meal) is placed in a vessel containing 25 liters of solution with the Mg(C10~)2 concentration of 336 g/l, NaCl concentration of 16~ g/l, MgCl2 concentration of 9 ~/l, mixed ~or 15 minutes ~nd separated by filtering. The obtained composi-tion contains 15~ by weight of perchlorate in terms of the C10~ ion, 8.4 % of NaCl, 0.45 %
of MgCl2, corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.03 parts by weight of MgCl2, relative to the C104 ion content.
Example 9 One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3 is placed in a vessel containing 20 liters of solution with the NaCl04 concentration of 700 g/l, mixed for 15 minutes and separated by filtering. The obtained composition contains 40 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion.
Fxample 10 One kilogram of silica gel having a particle size of l to 2 mm is placed in a vessel containing 6 liters of a M~(Cl04)2 solution with a concentration of 734 g/1, held with mixing and separated by filtering. The obtained composition contains 49.4 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the Cl04 ion.
Exam~le ll -~ne and a half liters of a ~g(Cl0~)2 solution with a eoncentration of 735 y/1 is sprayed over l kg of diatomite having a unit surface of 6.7 m2/g. The obtained composition contains 30.5 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the Cl04 ion.
Examp1e 12 One and a half liters of solution eontaining 527 g/l oE
Mg(C104)2, 136 q/1 of NaC1 and 18 y/l of MgC12 is sprayed over 1 kg of wood sawdust. The obtained composition contains 22.2 % by weigh~ of perchlorate in terms of the Cl04 ion, 6.4 of NaCl, 0.85 of MgCl2, corresponding to 0.28 parts by weiyht of NaCl and 0.038 parts by weight of MgCl, relative to the Cl04 ion eontent.
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~xam~le 13 -One ~nd a half liters of solution containing 200 g/l of M~(C10~)2, 150 g/l of NaCl and 20 a/l of MgC12 is sprayed over 1 kg o~ wood sawdust spread in a layer 2 to 3 cm thick. The obtained composition contains 10.7 % by weiyht of perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion, 9 % of NaCl,1.2 ~ of MgC12, corre-sponding to 0.84 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.11 parts hy weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.

Example 14 One and a half kilograms of solution containing 540 g/l of Ca(C104)2 and 16 g/l or CaC12 is sprayed over 1 kg of perlite having a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3. The obtained composition contains 22.7 ~ by weight of perchlorate, in terms of the -C104 ion and 0.67 % by weight of CaC12, corresponding to 0.029 parts b~ weight of CaC12 relative to the content of the C104 ions.
The proposed compound ROSTOM was subjected to tests for explosion proofness. It was tested in mixture with glucose in a composition of 1:1. The concentraion of the active sub-stance in ROSTOM corresponded to the miximum capacity of the carrier in terms of the C104 ion, the amount of glucose being 5 times greater than its content in the control test for creating the most unfavourable conditions. The data obtained in the above tests are shown in Table 7.
~s is seen from Table 7 , the proposed composition has low sensitivit~ to shock. The compositoin containing magnesium or calcium perchlorate (ROSTOM M) is a]most completely explo sion proof.
The composition containing a~nonium perchlorate (ROSTOM

A) displays different properties under the ac-tion of shock and friction depending on the nature of the carrier used. ROSTOM

A obtained with silica gel is fr1ction insensitive and almost insensitive to shock, while perlite used as the carrier considerably lowers ROSTOM's A sensitivity to shock and increased that to friction. Thus, the use of composition~
containing as the active substance perchlorates of alkaline-earth metals is preferable, as it ensures in all cases explosion and fire safety, while compositions containing additional NaCl and ~qC12 are safe for handling even wi.th organic carriers.

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Claims (32)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. In a composition for intensified fattening of live-stock and poultry containing as the active substance a perchlorate having the formula X(Cl4)n , where X is an alkaline, alkaline-earth metal, as well as the ammonium NH4 ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X, the improvement in which the perchlorate is applied to a dispersed water insoluble porous carrier inert with respect to the said perchlorate and harmless for internal use, the content of the said perchlorate in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 5-50% by weight.

2. The composition as of claim 1, wherein the content of the said perchlorate in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 15-35% by weight.

3. The composition as of claim 1 or 2, wherein the active substance is Mg(ClO4).

4. The composition as of claim 1 or 2, wherein the active substance is Ca(ClO4)2.

5. The composition as of claim 1 or 2, wherein the active substance is a mixture of Mg(ClO4)2 and Ca(ClO4)2.

6. In a composition for intensified fattening of livestock and poultry containing as the active substance a perchlorate having the formula X (ClO4)n, where X is an alkaline, alkaline-earth metal, as well as the NH4 ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X, the improvement in which the perchlorate is applied to a dispersed water insoluble porous mineral carrier inert relative to the said perchlorate and harmless for internal use, the content of the said perchlorate in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 5-50% by weight.

7. The composition as of claim 6, wherein the said perchlorate content in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 15-35%
by weight.

8. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the active substance is Mg(ClO4)2.

9. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the active substance is Ca(ClO4)2.

10. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the active substance is a mixture of Mg(ClO4)2 and Ca(ClO4)2.

11. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the mineral carrier is perlite.

12. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the mineral carrier is silica gel.

13. The composition as of claim 6 or 7, wherein the mineral carrier is diatomite.

14. In a composition for intensified fattening of livestock and poultry containing as the active substance a perchlorate having the formula X(ClO4)n, where X is an alkaline, alkaline - earth metal, as well as the NH? ammonium ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X, and an addition of chlorides of a metal selected from the group which consists of potassium, magnesium, sodium, a mixture thereof, the improvement in which the perchlorate is applied to a dispersed water insoluble porous carrier inert with respect to the said per-chlorates and harmless for internal use, the content of the said perchlorate in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 5-46% by weight.

15, The composition as of claim 14, wherein the content of the said perchlorate in terms of the ClO? ion amounts to 15-35% by weight.

16. The composition as of claim 14 or 15, which contains sodium chloride as an additive in amounts of 0.1 to 1 parts by weight relative to the content of the ClO4 ion.

17. The composition as of claim 14 or 15, which contains magnesium chloride as an additive in amounts of 0.02 to 0.15 parts by weight relative to the content of the ClO4 ion.

18. The composition as of claim 14, wherein the carrier is a mineral carrier.

19. The composition as of claim 18, wherein the mineral carrier is perlite.

20. The composition as of claim 18, wherein the mineral carrier is silica gel.

21. The composition as of claim 18, wherein the mineral carrier is diatomite.

22. The composition as of claim 14, wherein the carrier is an organic carrier.

23. The composition as of claim 22, wherein the organic carrier is grass meal.

24. The composition as of claim 22, wherein the organic carrier is wood sawdust.

25. A method of preparing the composition for intensified fattenning of livestock and poultry as set forth in claim 1, which comprises the treatment of a water insoluble dispersed porous inert carrier harmless for internal use, with an aqueous solution containing a perchlorate having the formula X(ClO4)n, wherein X is an alkaline, alkaline-earth metal,-as well as the NH4 ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X, the ClO? ion concentration being 100 to 920 g/l.

26, The method as set forth in claim 25, wherein the treatment of the said carrier from the solution.

27. The method as set forth in claim 25, wherein the said carrier is treated with the said solution by spraying the latter over the carrier.

28. A method of preparing the composition for intensi-fied fattenning of livestock and poultry, which comprises the treatment of a water insoluble dispersed porous inert carrier harmless for internal use with an aqueous solution containing a perchlorate having the formula X(ClO4)n, where X is an alkaline, alkaline-earth metal, as well as the ammonium ion, n is the number equal to the valence of X with the ClO? ion concentration amounting to 100-600 g/l, and the chloride of a metal selected from the group consisting of sodium, magnesium, calcium and a mixture thereof.

29. The method as set forth in claim 28, wherein the concentration of the NaCl additive in the solution is from 60 to 200 g/l.

30. The method as set forth in claim 28, wherein the concentration of the MgCl2 additive in the solution is from 2 to 20 g/l.

31. The method as set forth in claim 28, wherein the treatment of the said carrier with the solution is effected by immersing the former in the said solution with subsequent separation of the carrier from the solution.

32. The method as set forth in claim 28, wherein the said carrier is treated with the solution by spraying the latter over the carrier.