CA1102560A - Mowing machines - Google Patents
Mowing machinesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1102560A CA1102560A CA340,315A CA340315A CA1102560A CA 1102560 A CA1102560 A CA 1102560A CA 340315 A CA340315 A CA 340315A CA 1102560 A CA1102560 A CA 1102560A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- blades
- cutting members
- rotors
- ring member
- central member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A mowing machine is disclosed which has a frame with a coupling arrangement and an elongated support extending laterally of the coupling arrangement. Rotors are arranged in side-by-side relationship on the support, the rotors being provided with corresponding cutting members or blades and being arranged to be driven about respective upwardly extending axes by a driving transmission. The cutting members or blades are connected to the rotors so as to be pivotable about an upwardly extending axle and common retaining means mount the cutting members or blades on the axles, the common retaining means comprising a central member connected to the rotor, a ring member, which ring member rests against the cutting members or blades, and a spring arranged between the central member and the ring member.
A mowing machine is disclosed which has a frame with a coupling arrangement and an elongated support extending laterally of the coupling arrangement. Rotors are arranged in side-by-side relationship on the support, the rotors being provided with corresponding cutting members or blades and being arranged to be driven about respective upwardly extending axes by a driving transmission. The cutting members or blades are connected to the rotors so as to be pivotable about an upwardly extending axle and common retaining means mount the cutting members or blades on the axles, the common retaining means comprising a central member connected to the rotor, a ring member, which ring member rests against the cutting members or blades, and a spring arranged between the central member and the ring member.
Description
T~is application is divided out of copending Canadian application No. 260,957, filed September 10, 1976.
This invention relates to mowing machines of the kind which comprise a plurality of rotors provided ~ith corresponding cutting members or blades, said rotors being arranged near to one another and being arranged to be driven from beneath by at least one driving gear or transmission. One object of the invention is to provide inexpensive but efficient mowing machines of simple construction.
According to the present invention there is provided a mowing machine comprising a frame with coupling means and an elongated support extending laterally of said coupling means, a number of rotors being arranged in side-by-side relationship on said support, said rotors being provided with corresponding cutting members or blades and being arranged to be driven about respective upwardly extending axes by a driving trans-mission, said cutting members or blades being connected to said rotors so as to be pivotable about an upwardly extending axle means, common retaining means to mount the cutting members or blades on said axle means, said common retà ining means comprising a central member connected to the rotor and a movable ring member, which ring member is arranged at a distance from said central member and rests against said cutting members or blades, spring means being arranged between sa;d central member and said ring member.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of part of a mowing machine embodying the invention, Figure 2 is a section on the line X-X of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a section on the line XI-XI of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing another '''~' 1 ~ , .
. ~ .:' ' '.' ' ' " ' .
embodiment of the invention, and Figure 5 is a section on the line XV-XV of Figure 4.
In the embodiment of the mowing machine that is shown ln Figures 1,
This invention relates to mowing machines of the kind which comprise a plurality of rotors provided ~ith corresponding cutting members or blades, said rotors being arranged near to one another and being arranged to be driven from beneath by at least one driving gear or transmission. One object of the invention is to provide inexpensive but efficient mowing machines of simple construction.
According to the present invention there is provided a mowing machine comprising a frame with coupling means and an elongated support extending laterally of said coupling means, a number of rotors being arranged in side-by-side relationship on said support, said rotors being provided with corresponding cutting members or blades and being arranged to be driven about respective upwardly extending axes by a driving trans-mission, said cutting members or blades being connected to said rotors so as to be pivotable about an upwardly extending axle means, common retaining means to mount the cutting members or blades on said axle means, said common retà ining means comprising a central member connected to the rotor and a movable ring member, which ring member is arranged at a distance from said central member and rests against said cutting members or blades, spring means being arranged between sa;d central member and said ring member.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of part of a mowing machine embodying the invention, Figure 2 is a section on the line X-X of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a section on the line XI-XI of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing another '''~' 1 ~ , .
. ~ .:' ' '.' ' ' " ' .
embodiment of the invention, and Figure 5 is a section on the line XV-XV of Figure 4.
In the embodiment of the mowing machine that is shown ln Figures 1,
2 and 3, a driving gear or transmission is arranged on a mounting plate 98 and includes gear wheels and a shaft 99 which extends in the direction of length of the mounting plate and is housed in a substantially tubular cylinder 100.
In this embodiment, the shaft 99 has a diameter of about 10 mms. A gear box 101 is arranged beneath each of a plurality of rotors 4 so as to be separately detachable on a gutter-shaped or chalmel-shaped portion 102 of the mounting plate 98 near its bottom, the mounting plate 98 thus being locally covered by the gear boxes 101. Each gear box 101 is provided near its bottom with an annularly curved portion 103, viewed in plan (Figure 1), the portions 103 being secured by bolts 104 to the bottom of the mounting plate 98 at the region of the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102. The driving shaft 99 is of circular section in this embodiment and is driven to provide the drive to all of the rotors 4 of the mowing machine. The driving shaft 99 is passed through an opening in the housing of each gear box 101 by means of a spacer sleeve (Figure 3) and is journalled in bearings 105. Inside each gear box 101, the driving shaft 99 is provided with a bevel gear wheel or pinion 106, which may be separate from, or integral with, the shaft 99 and which is in mesh with a bevel gear wheel or pinion 107 fastened to a rotor hub 108 having a rotary axis or centre line 109 intersecting the axis of the driving shaft 99 at right angles. The axis 109 extends upwardly. The rotor hub 108 is journalled in the gear box 101 by bearings 110. The bearings 110 not only support the rotor hubs 108 but they also prevent them from shifting axially in place.
Behind the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102, the mounting plate 98 comprises a stabilizing portion. The overall front to rear width of .
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the mounting plate 98 in this embodiment is about 25 cms.
Above each gear box 101, the corresponding rotor hub 108 has a substantially plat0-shaped portion lll which is substantially perpendicular to the axis lO9 and is inclined axially downwardly over a distance as seen in Figure 2 at a distance beyond the gear box lOl, the portion lll then extending radially away from the axis 109, the latter portion being also perpendicular to the rotary axis 109. The portion lll holds two diametrically opposite cams 112 serving as fastening points for wire-shaped cutters or blades 113 which are curved substantially in hairpin fashion, part of each cutter or blade 113 having a sharpened edge 114 which has a cutting surface ground to a tip in a radial direction. The cams 112 are locatedl as viewed in plan, princi-pally to the rear of the front rim of the mounting plate 98 with respect to the direction A. The length of each cutting member, cutter or blade 113 is not less than the distance between one of the cams 112 and the corresponding axis 109. The rotors 4 -are disposed with a relative phase difference of about 90. Considered in the direction A, the front of the mounting plate 98 is bent over in the shape of a wave so that the paths described by the outer free ends of the blades 113 which rotate in pairs in opposite directions C
and D can overlap one another over a considerable distance. The maximum value of this overlap is, in this embodiment, about 4 cms., whilst the distance between the axes 109 of neighbouring rotors 4 is about 16 cms. The overall diameter of the path described by the ends of each pair of blades 113 is, in this embodiment, about 20 cms.
The cutting members, cutters or blades 113 can be secured to the rotor hubs 108 by means of quickly engageable and releasable joints. Each such joint comprises a pressure plate 115 that compresses a helical spring 116 coaxially surrounding the rotor hub 108 and that is fixed by a central bolt 117 to the rotor hub 108 concerned. The joint can be slipped upwardly along ' :
, "' ' ~ :
the rotor hub 108 for removing the cutting members or blades 113. The spring 116 prevents the cutting members or blades 113 from snapping off the cams 112 during operation, a retaining ring 117A being arranged between the spring 116 and the cutting members or blades 113.
In order to obtain a satisfactory closure of the space beneath the rotor hub 108, two sealing means in the form of ridges 118 are provided on either side of the gear box lOl. These ridges 118 and the gear boxes lOl are preferably cast as an integral unit.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5, the drive transmission is again provided by employing a shaft 99. The driving gear or transmission comprises a gear box 125 holding the bevel gear wheels or pinions 106 and 107.
The gear box 125 is secured above the bottom of a mounting plate 126~ which it locally covers. The plate 126 is an integral unit, as in the preceding embodiment, and comprises a gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 127 in the area where the gear box 125 is fastened and a guide portion 128 joining the former and extending to the rear with respect to the direction A in substan-tially parallel relationship with the horizontal.
As in the preceding embodiment, the bevel gear wheel or pinion 107 is provided with a rotor hub 129 which is curved cylindrically around the top of the gear box 125. 'Ihe hub 129 has bent-over rims 130 having two pins or dowels 131. This construction is substantially similar to that of the preceding embodiment. The pins or dowels 131 are disposed diametrically opposite one another on the rotor hub 129 and are provided with cutting members or blades 132, preferably of wire-shaped form like the cutting members or blades 113 and having sharpened cutting edges 133. Two neighbouring rotors 4 are preferably arranged so that, as in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a phase difference of 90 is obtained. The outer free ends of the cutting members or blades 132 describe paths which overlap one another over a .. . .
- , :
-' considerable distance. In this embodiment, the maximum extent of said overlap is about 8 cms. and the distance between the axes of the rotor hubs 129 is about 20 cms. The diameter of the path described by the ends of the cutting members or blades 132 of each pair is about 28 cms.
Like the rotor hubs 108, the rotor hubs 129 are provided with quickly engageable and releasable joints formed by covers 133, each of which covers 133, by means of a helical spring 134 and rings 135 on the pins or dowels 131, prevents the cutting members or blades 132 from shifting upwardly along the pins or dowels. Each cover 133 is secured by a bolt 136 to the rotor hub 129 concerned. The cover 133 is preferably formed so as to extend in a slightly concave shape in a downward direction.
With regard to the large overlap between the cutting members or blades 132, the front of the mounting plate 126, considered in the direction A, may have a straight shape as seen in plan. The horizontal or substantially horizontal portion 128 extends to the rear, with respect to the direction A, just beyond the paths described by the outer ends of the rotating cutting members or blades 132. From Figure 5 it will be apparent that the gear box 125 has a double set of ridges 137 that are located opposite one another in order substantially to close the space beneath the rotor hub 129.
The embodiment that is illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a driving gear or transmission having the uninterrupted shaft 99 which may be of a light-weight formation owing to its high speed of operative rotation, its diameter being substantially 10 mms. This shaft 99 passes through the gear boxes 101 that are disposed separately beneath the rotors 4 on the mounting plate 98, said gear boxes 101 being individually replaceable. The shaft 99 is surrounded by the tubular cylinder 100 between the gear boxes 101, which cylinder or tube 100 is loosely connected with the gear boxes so that installation and removal are not hindered. The bevel gear wheel 106 5 _ .
-.
' .
.
is preferably integral with the shaft 99 so that, in the event of damage, the shaft 99 can be readily replaced as a whole. Each pair of the cutting members or blades 113, revolving in opposite directions in neighbouring rotors 4 and being shaped as wires in this embodiment and thus being very light, are mounted in a simple manner with the aid of quickly engageable and releasable joints. Thus, the cutting members or blades maintain their freedom of pivotable movement. In order to remove a cutting member or blade it is only necessary to slip the pressure plate 115 upwardly over the corresponding rotor hub 108. It should be noted that, during operation, the rotor hubs 108 seal the major part of the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102 of the underlying mounting plate against any contamination by dirt.
The embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5 again comprises an unbroken shaft 99 whilst, with the aid of separate gear boxes, the rotor hubs 129 revolve in the opposite directions indicated by the arrows C and D. As in the first embodiment, quickly engageable and releasable joints are provided, in this case in the form of the lids or covers 133. Each lid or cover 133 is slightly concave which tends to give an advantageous aerodynamic effect.
In this embodiment, as seen in plan, the front of the mounting plate 126 is straight which is possible because of the large overlap between the neighbouring cutting members or blades 132. As in the first embodiment, these cutting members or blades are wire-shaped. It should be noted that the rearmost portion of the mounting plate 126, afforded by the horizontal portion 128, serves as a crop delivery member.
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In this embodiment, the shaft 99 has a diameter of about 10 mms. A gear box 101 is arranged beneath each of a plurality of rotors 4 so as to be separately detachable on a gutter-shaped or chalmel-shaped portion 102 of the mounting plate 98 near its bottom, the mounting plate 98 thus being locally covered by the gear boxes 101. Each gear box 101 is provided near its bottom with an annularly curved portion 103, viewed in plan (Figure 1), the portions 103 being secured by bolts 104 to the bottom of the mounting plate 98 at the region of the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102. The driving shaft 99 is of circular section in this embodiment and is driven to provide the drive to all of the rotors 4 of the mowing machine. The driving shaft 99 is passed through an opening in the housing of each gear box 101 by means of a spacer sleeve (Figure 3) and is journalled in bearings 105. Inside each gear box 101, the driving shaft 99 is provided with a bevel gear wheel or pinion 106, which may be separate from, or integral with, the shaft 99 and which is in mesh with a bevel gear wheel or pinion 107 fastened to a rotor hub 108 having a rotary axis or centre line 109 intersecting the axis of the driving shaft 99 at right angles. The axis 109 extends upwardly. The rotor hub 108 is journalled in the gear box 101 by bearings 110. The bearings 110 not only support the rotor hubs 108 but they also prevent them from shifting axially in place.
Behind the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102, the mounting plate 98 comprises a stabilizing portion. The overall front to rear width of .
.~ . . . .
:
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. - ' . . . . - .
. ~
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the mounting plate 98 in this embodiment is about 25 cms.
Above each gear box 101, the corresponding rotor hub 108 has a substantially plat0-shaped portion lll which is substantially perpendicular to the axis lO9 and is inclined axially downwardly over a distance as seen in Figure 2 at a distance beyond the gear box lOl, the portion lll then extending radially away from the axis 109, the latter portion being also perpendicular to the rotary axis 109. The portion lll holds two diametrically opposite cams 112 serving as fastening points for wire-shaped cutters or blades 113 which are curved substantially in hairpin fashion, part of each cutter or blade 113 having a sharpened edge 114 which has a cutting surface ground to a tip in a radial direction. The cams 112 are locatedl as viewed in plan, princi-pally to the rear of the front rim of the mounting plate 98 with respect to the direction A. The length of each cutting member, cutter or blade 113 is not less than the distance between one of the cams 112 and the corresponding axis 109. The rotors 4 -are disposed with a relative phase difference of about 90. Considered in the direction A, the front of the mounting plate 98 is bent over in the shape of a wave so that the paths described by the outer free ends of the blades 113 which rotate in pairs in opposite directions C
and D can overlap one another over a considerable distance. The maximum value of this overlap is, in this embodiment, about 4 cms., whilst the distance between the axes 109 of neighbouring rotors 4 is about 16 cms. The overall diameter of the path described by the ends of each pair of blades 113 is, in this embodiment, about 20 cms.
The cutting members, cutters or blades 113 can be secured to the rotor hubs 108 by means of quickly engageable and releasable joints. Each such joint comprises a pressure plate 115 that compresses a helical spring 116 coaxially surrounding the rotor hub 108 and that is fixed by a central bolt 117 to the rotor hub 108 concerned. The joint can be slipped upwardly along ' :
, "' ' ~ :
the rotor hub 108 for removing the cutting members or blades 113. The spring 116 prevents the cutting members or blades 113 from snapping off the cams 112 during operation, a retaining ring 117A being arranged between the spring 116 and the cutting members or blades 113.
In order to obtain a satisfactory closure of the space beneath the rotor hub 108, two sealing means in the form of ridges 118 are provided on either side of the gear box lOl. These ridges 118 and the gear boxes lOl are preferably cast as an integral unit.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5, the drive transmission is again provided by employing a shaft 99. The driving gear or transmission comprises a gear box 125 holding the bevel gear wheels or pinions 106 and 107.
The gear box 125 is secured above the bottom of a mounting plate 126~ which it locally covers. The plate 126 is an integral unit, as in the preceding embodiment, and comprises a gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 127 in the area where the gear box 125 is fastened and a guide portion 128 joining the former and extending to the rear with respect to the direction A in substan-tially parallel relationship with the horizontal.
As in the preceding embodiment, the bevel gear wheel or pinion 107 is provided with a rotor hub 129 which is curved cylindrically around the top of the gear box 125. 'Ihe hub 129 has bent-over rims 130 having two pins or dowels 131. This construction is substantially similar to that of the preceding embodiment. The pins or dowels 131 are disposed diametrically opposite one another on the rotor hub 129 and are provided with cutting members or blades 132, preferably of wire-shaped form like the cutting members or blades 113 and having sharpened cutting edges 133. Two neighbouring rotors 4 are preferably arranged so that, as in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a phase difference of 90 is obtained. The outer free ends of the cutting members or blades 132 describe paths which overlap one another over a .. . .
- , :
-' considerable distance. In this embodiment, the maximum extent of said overlap is about 8 cms. and the distance between the axes of the rotor hubs 129 is about 20 cms. The diameter of the path described by the ends of the cutting members or blades 132 of each pair is about 28 cms.
Like the rotor hubs 108, the rotor hubs 129 are provided with quickly engageable and releasable joints formed by covers 133, each of which covers 133, by means of a helical spring 134 and rings 135 on the pins or dowels 131, prevents the cutting members or blades 132 from shifting upwardly along the pins or dowels. Each cover 133 is secured by a bolt 136 to the rotor hub 129 concerned. The cover 133 is preferably formed so as to extend in a slightly concave shape in a downward direction.
With regard to the large overlap between the cutting members or blades 132, the front of the mounting plate 126, considered in the direction A, may have a straight shape as seen in plan. The horizontal or substantially horizontal portion 128 extends to the rear, with respect to the direction A, just beyond the paths described by the outer ends of the rotating cutting members or blades 132. From Figure 5 it will be apparent that the gear box 125 has a double set of ridges 137 that are located opposite one another in order substantially to close the space beneath the rotor hub 129.
The embodiment that is illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a driving gear or transmission having the uninterrupted shaft 99 which may be of a light-weight formation owing to its high speed of operative rotation, its diameter being substantially 10 mms. This shaft 99 passes through the gear boxes 101 that are disposed separately beneath the rotors 4 on the mounting plate 98, said gear boxes 101 being individually replaceable. The shaft 99 is surrounded by the tubular cylinder 100 between the gear boxes 101, which cylinder or tube 100 is loosely connected with the gear boxes so that installation and removal are not hindered. The bevel gear wheel 106 5 _ .
-.
' .
.
is preferably integral with the shaft 99 so that, in the event of damage, the shaft 99 can be readily replaced as a whole. Each pair of the cutting members or blades 113, revolving in opposite directions in neighbouring rotors 4 and being shaped as wires in this embodiment and thus being very light, are mounted in a simple manner with the aid of quickly engageable and releasable joints. Thus, the cutting members or blades maintain their freedom of pivotable movement. In order to remove a cutting member or blade it is only necessary to slip the pressure plate 115 upwardly over the corresponding rotor hub 108. It should be noted that, during operation, the rotor hubs 108 seal the major part of the gutter-shaped or channel-shaped portion 102 of the underlying mounting plate against any contamination by dirt.
The embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5 again comprises an unbroken shaft 99 whilst, with the aid of separate gear boxes, the rotor hubs 129 revolve in the opposite directions indicated by the arrows C and D. As in the first embodiment, quickly engageable and releasable joints are provided, in this case in the form of the lids or covers 133. Each lid or cover 133 is slightly concave which tends to give an advantageous aerodynamic effect.
In this embodiment, as seen in plan, the front of the mounting plate 126 is straight which is possible because of the large overlap between the neighbouring cutting members or blades 132. As in the first embodiment, these cutting members or blades are wire-shaped. It should be noted that the rearmost portion of the mounting plate 126, afforded by the horizontal portion 128, serves as a crop delivery member.
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Claims
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A mowing machine comprising a frame with coupling means and an elongated support extending laterally of said coupling means, a number of rotors being arranged in side-by-side relationship on said support, said rotors being provided with corresponding cutting members or blades and being arranged to be driven about respective upwardly extending axes by a driving transmission, said cutting members or blades being connected to said rotors so as to be pivotable about an upwardly extending axle means, common retaining means to mount the cutting members or blades on said axle means, said common retaining means comprising a central member connected to the rotor and a movable ring member, which ring member is arranged at a distance from said central member and rests against said cutting members or blades, spring means being arranged between said central member and said ring member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA340,315A CA1102560A (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1979-11-21 | Mowing machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL75.10687 | 1975-09-11 | ||
| NL7510687A NL7510687A (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1975-09-11 | MOWING MACHINE. |
| CA260,957A CA1073221A (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1976-09-10 | Mowing machines |
| CA340,315A CA1102560A (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1979-11-21 | Mowing machines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1102560A true CA1102560A (en) | 1981-06-09 |
Family
ID=27164640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA340,315A Expired CA1102560A (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1979-11-21 | Mowing machines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1102560A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-11-21 CA CA340,315A patent/CA1102560A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |