CA1101688A - Building block and structures formed therefrom - Google Patents
Building block and structures formed therefromInfo
- Publication number
- CA1101688A CA1101688A CA311,543A CA311543A CA1101688A CA 1101688 A CA1101688 A CA 1101688A CA 311543 A CA311543 A CA 311543A CA 1101688 A CA1101688 A CA 1101688A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- projections
- interlock
- blocks
- lateral
- walls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
BUILDING BLOCK AND STRUCTURES FORMED THEREFROM
Abstract of the Invention A mortarless, lightweight building block and walls formed therefrom. The block is generally rectangular and comprises side walls, end walls, and an interior wall which divides the interior of the block into two vertical passages through the block. In certain blocks, parts of the end and interior walls are removed to form horizontal channels through the blocks. The blocks are provided with projections and recesses having rectangular cross sections by which means they may be interlocked together to form walls. In such a wall, the vertical passages and horizontal channels may receive reinforcing structures to impart added strength and load bearing properties to the wall.
Abstract of the Invention A mortarless, lightweight building block and walls formed therefrom. The block is generally rectangular and comprises side walls, end walls, and an interior wall which divides the interior of the block into two vertical passages through the block. In certain blocks, parts of the end and interior walls are removed to form horizontal channels through the blocks. The blocks are provided with projections and recesses having rectangular cross sections by which means they may be interlocked together to form walls. In such a wall, the vertical passages and horizontal channels may receive reinforcing structures to impart added strength and load bearing properties to the wall.
Description
6~
Field of the Invention This invention relates to interlocking building blocks and walls formed therefrom.
Description of the Prior ~rt A number of attempts have been made to provide building blocks capable of being joined together wi~hout the use o~
mortar into walls or other ~oad b~aring structUres. Ideally, such mortarless building blocks should be lightweight so that they are easy to handle and transport, easy to use so that the walls can be quickly constructed by unskilled work-men, ànd adapted to accept varying deyrees of reinfo~cemént so that the walls may readily be constructed to meet any de-gree of load bearing requirements.
Prior mortarless building blocks have ~allen consider-ably short of these ideals. No prior blocks have provided practical, mortarless building elements which are adapted, when assembled into a wall, of receiving a variable amount of reinforcement to provide different degrees of strength and stability. A number of prior blocks are designed to be filled with cement or other heavy material at the time they are asseMbled or constructed. Although such blocks are comparatively massive and thereby impart some stability to the finished wall, they provide no advantage whatsoever in terms of ease of handling or transportation over con-ventional cinder blocks. Other prior blocks have sought to achieve stability by providing flared interlocking structures between adjacent blocks. In addition to in-creasing the complexity of the blocks' designs, such flared structures also add considerably to the difficulty of as-sembling the blocks into walls, since such blocks may only be brouyht together from certain directions or angles.
-Summar~ o~ the Inventionl~his lnvention provides novel,liyh-tweight, highly in-sulating building bloc~s in a number of embodiments, which blocks are capable of being joined together without mortar to form a wall or other load be~ring structure. The blocks are extremely lightweight and easily used by unskilled laborers.
The blocks are designed such that when joined together into a wall, the interior of the wall contains form~ for a vari-able number of reinforcing structures. Such structure5 may be provided to yield walls of differing strengths and load bearing abilities.
The building blocks of the p~esent invention have a generally rectangular exterior configuration, and are composed of urethane foam or other lightw~ight, highly insulating non-cementitious material. In one embodiment, the block comprises a pair of op~osed side walls, a pa:ir of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of the side walls; an interior wall having a height equal to that of the side walls and extending between the side walls approximately parallel to the end walls, the interior wall forming two vertical passages through the blocks of approxi-mately equal, rectan~ular cross sections; projections on the upper surfaces of the end, side and interior walls, the projections being formed into two identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages; and the lower surfaces of the side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form recesses identical to the projections in size and shape, and directly below the projections in position. In a second embodiment, reerred to as a hori-zontal support block, the upper portions of the end and interior walls are removed to form a horizontal channel extending through the block. Blocks according to the present 6~3 invention may be used to construct walls comprising a series of horizontal rows, with adjacent rows offset horizontally by half the length of a block, and with pro jections of the blocks in each row being received within the recesses of the blocks of the row above. Certain rows may consist entirely of horizontal support blocks, and hori~ontal rein-forcing struc~ures may be placed throusll the channels of the bloc~:s in such rows. Vertical reinforcing structures may be placed through the vertical openings forr~ed b~ the pas-sages o.' several blocks. By such means, a wall or other structure having almost any desired amount of reinforcincJ
may be constructed.
These and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description and claims to follow taken in conjunction with the accornpanying drawings.
~rief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 presents a partly broken away perspeetive view of a part of a building structure assemb~ed from building blocks according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 presents a perspective view of a building block according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 presents a perspective view of the block of Fig. 2 as seen from below;
Fig. 4 presents a perspective view of a right hand corner block according to the present invention;
Fig. S presents a perspective view of a left hand corner block according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 presents a perspective view of a half unit block according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 presents a perspective view of a clouble unit reinforciny block according to the present invention;
Fig. 8 presents a perspective view of a building block according to the presen-t invention adapted to re-ceive a horizontal reinforcing structure;
Fig. 9 presents a perspective view of a reinforced section of a wall comprising the blocks o~ Figs. 2 and ~;
Fiy. 10 presents a side elevational view, partly broken away, of a reinforced wall according to the prssent invention.
Detailed Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 depicts a structure 10 comprised of mortarless building blocks according to the present inventian. Struc-ture lO, as shown, consists of foundation ll, walls 12, 14 and support structure 16 extending inwardly from wall 12.
Each wall consists of a series of horizontal rows, such as rows 18a-f comprising wall 12, positioned one on top of another. Each such row is composed principally of rectan-gular blocks 20 placèd end to end. With two exceptions to be described below, all the blocks of the present invention preferably have identical outer dimensions, which dimensions may be the same as that of a standard 8" x a~ x 16" cinder block. Each row 18a-f is horizontally o~fset from the rows above and beneath it by one half the length of blocks 20.
Figs. 2 and 3 depict, from above and below respectively, one of the blocks 20 of Fiy. 1. Block 20, as well as the other building blocks described herein, are made from urethane oam, compressed resin reinforced sawdust, or other lightweiyht, non-cementitious material. The use of such material results in a block which has excellent insulating properties, and which is extremely lightweight for easy transportation and handling. Block 20 comprises side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 2~ and interior wall 30. All walls are of equal height and extend from the top to the bottom of block 20. Interior wall 30 extends between side walls .
6~38 22, 24 from points intermediate their ends so as to form r~ctangular passages 32, 34 of identical size. Passages 32, 34 extend entirely through block 20 in a vertical direction and are oF uniform cross section throughout.
The upper surfaces of side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 28 and interior wall 30 carry a set of continuous projections 36. The projections are of constant, rectangular cross section and have a width less than the widths of the narrowest walls on which they are mounted. Projections 36 are formed in two identical rectangular portions 38, 40, and two short linear portions 42, 44 positioned midway between and parallel to side walls 22, 24. Linear portion 42 extend between rectangular portions 38 and 40, and linear portion 44 extends outwards from rectangular portion 38. As used herein, linear portion 44 refers to that structure overlying end wall 26, and not to that structure, described below7 extending outwardly from such end wall. The rectangular portions 38, 40 completely surround the upper edges of passages 32, 34 respectively, and the inwardly Facing sides of such rectangular portions are coplanar with the inner surfaces of the walls forming passages 32, 34.
The lower surfaces of side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 28 and interior wal 1 30 carry a set of continuous recesses 46 having si zes and shapes identical to projections 36 and positioned directly below and corresponding to such projections. When two blocks 20 are positioned one on top of another, the projections of the lower block frictionally fit within the recesses of the upper block, by which means the blocks are aligned and secured together.
Block 20 additional Iy comprises the lateral projection 48 outstand-ing from end wall 26 and the lateral recess 50 formed on end wall 2~. Lateral projection ~8 and lateral recess 50 each has a rectangular cross section of dimensions equal to those of ~rojections 36 and recesses 46. La'ceral recess 50 extends vertically the full height of end wall 2B intermediate its sides. Lateral projection 43 has a total height equal to that o:E end wall 26, bu~ is offset upwardly a distance equal to the height of projection 36, and therefore to the depth of reeesses 46. Thus the upper por~ion of lateral projection 48 forms a uniform continuous strueture with linear portion 44 of projeetion 36, and the length of sueh eontinuous strueture is identieal to the length of linear portion 42.
A series of bloeks 20 may be positioned end to end to form horizontal rows 18a-f (Fig. 1) with lateral projeetions frietionally fitted into lateral recesses of adjaeent blocksO
When such a row is constructed, the projections 36 of the several blocks, together with the upper portions of lateral projections 48, form a pattern of connected rectangles on the upper surfaees of blocks 20, which pattern repeats it-self twice per block, as indicated at 52 in Fig. 1. Simi-larly, recesses 46 toyether with the lower ends of lateral recesses 50, form an identical repeating pattern of reeesses on the lower surfaces of sueh blocks. Thus, when horizontal rows of blocks 20 are positioned one above another with pro-jections 36 and recesses 46 frictionally fitted together to form walls, bloc]~:s in adjacent rows may be aligned either directly above or below one another or, preferably, offset norizontally by half the length of one block, as indicated in Fig. 1.
Fig. ~ depicts a lefthand corner block 60. Block 60 is identical -to block 20 except tha'c lateral projec~ion 62 has been positioned on sicle wall 64 rather than on end wall 66, and linear projection 61 has been relocated such that it connects lateral projection 62 and rectangular projection 63. The distance between lateral projection 62 and end wall 66 is identical to the distance between lateral pro-jection 48 and side wall 22 (Fig. 3). End wall ~ carries a lateral recess (not shown) identical to lateral recess 50 of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 depicts the incorpor~tion of several lefthand corner blocks 60 into an assembled struCture.
Fig. S depicts a righthand corner block 70. Block 70 is identical to block 20 except that lateral recess 72 has been positioned on side wall 74. The distance between lateral recess 72 and end wall 73 is equal to the distance between lateral recess 50 and side wall 22 (Fig. 2). Fig.
1 illustrates the incorporation of several righthand cor-ner blocks 70 into an assembled structure, as well as a ~broken-away area 71 where such a block 70 would be placed.
Fig. 6 shows a half-section block 80. Bloclc 80 is identical to the righthand half of block 20 (Fig. 2), ex-cept that projection 82 does not include a linear portion such as 42 in Fig. 2. Half-section blocks 80 permit the construction of windows or doorways in walls in which adjacent rows are offset, as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 depicts a pylon block 90, which block is similar to two blocks 20 joined side to side. In particular, one-half 92 of block 90 is identical to block 20, whereas the other half 94 is similar to block 20 except that it has neither a lateral projection nor a lateral recess. Pylon blocks 9n are used to form a double thickness section of a wall or other skructure to increase the strength and stability of the wall at such section. Fig. 1 shows three pylon blocks 90 positioned one above another in rows 18b, 18d and 18f. Blocks 20 are positioned between the rear halves 94 of the pylon blocks 90 to form a double thick-ness support structure 16 in wall 12. Such a support structure increases the strengt'n of the wall 12 in and of itself, and it is further capahle of receiving a supple-mental reinforcing structure as described below.
Fig. 8 illustrates a horizontal support block 100.
Support block 100 is identical to block 20, except that the entire upper portions of the end and i.nterior walls, as well as the ~rojections and recesses carried thereon, have been removed. Thus, block 100 comprises side walls 102, 104, end walls 10~, 108 and interior wall 110. End walls 106, 108 and interior wall 110 are all of a height considerably less than the height of side walls 102, 104, such that a longitudinal, horizontal U-shaped channel 112 is formed in the upper interior portion of block 100.
Interior wall 110 extends between side walls 102, 104 from points intermediate their ends so as to form equal size rectangular passages 113, 114 extending through block 100 in a vertical direction. Passages 113, 114 correspond to passages 32, 34 of ~lock 20.
~ he lower surfaces of side walls 102, 104, end walls 106, 108 and interior wall 110 are formed so as to form re-cesses (not shown) in the lower surfaces thereof which are identical to recesses 46 on the lower sur~aces of block 20.
Side walls 102, 104 carry projections 116 119 on the upper surfaces thereof, such projections being identical to the side wall sections OL rectangular projections 38, 40 of block 20. End walls 106, 108 respectively carry lateral projection 120 and a lateral recess (not shown), such lateral 6~3 recess and projection beiny identical to lateral projection 48 and lateral recess 50 of block 20, except that their upper sections have been removed along with the upper sec-tions of end walls 106, 108.
Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate the way in which walls or other struetures constructed of blocks according to the present invention may be reinforced to provide almost any desired amount of strength or stability. Refer~ing ini-tially to Fig. 10, there is shown a wall 122 comprising horizontal rows 124a-1 stacked one on top oE another as already described. Each row is o~fset from adjacent rows by one-half the length of an individual block. Rows 124a-e and g-k are made up entirely of blocks 20, whereas rows 124f and 1241 are composed entirely of horizontal support bloeks 100. In each row, adjacent bloclcs are joined to-gether via their lateral projections and reeesses. Adjaeent rows are joined via the projeetions and recesses Oll the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
Each row of horizontal support blocks 124f, 1241 earries a horizontal reinforeing structure lZ6, 128 respectively, such reinforcing structures extending through the longi-tudinal channels 112 of blocks 100. The frequency with whieh rows of horizontal support blocks appear may be varied as desired. Further, periodically throughout wall 122, ver-tical support structures 130-133 extend through aligned passages 32, 34 or 113, 114 in bloe]cs 20 or 100 respectively.
In wall 122, as shown, such vertical reinforcing structures 130-133 extend through one of the passage3 of every fourth bloek in eaeh row, although here again any other repeat fre-quency could be used as desired. Thus the number of vertical and horizontal reinforc:Lng structures incorporated :into a wall may be adjusted based on the load bearing requirements _9_ of the wall and related factors. In a wall intended to carry any substantial load, essentially all of such load m~y be borne by the reinforcing structures, a feature which permits the use of extremely lightweight and highly in-sulating material for the blocks. ~here the reinforcing structures comprise concrete, the blocks of the present invention may be viewed as forms as well as structural elements.
Fig. 9 illustrates details of one type of reinforcing structure. In Fig. 9, the lower row 140 is composed of blocks 20, whereas the upper row 141 is composed of hori zontal support blocks 100. The horizontal reinforcing stxucture 1~3 is shown as consisting of concrete 144 reinforced by rebar 145, 146, while the vertical reinforcing structure 148 consists of concrete 149 reinforced by rebar 150. Primarily for purposes of illustration, a second vertical reinforcing structure is shown extending through blocks 152, 154, and this reinforcing structure is reinforced by rebax 156. Other material, such as logs or steel sleeving, may be used as well as reinforced concrete for the reinforcing structures. Fig. 9 also illustrates the way in which the spaces within the walls provided for the reinforcing struc-tures can also be used as conduits for electrical cabling and the like.
As stated above, a number of pylon blocks 90 can be used to construct a support structure 16 (Fig. l) at those sections of a wall where additional ~trength i5 required.
The back half 94 of such a support structure may receive vertical reinforcing structures such as those already de-scribed to provide an even greater measure of strength and stability.
Referring again to Fig. 10, wall 122 as shown therein is constructed by first providing posts 160 extending from foundation or footings 162. Rebar for the lower por-tions of vertical reinforcing structures 130-133 is then attached to such posts, and blocks are then stacked to form rows 124a-f. Since such blocks are extremely light-weight and easily fitted together, the construction of such rows is a rapid process, even for unskilled labor.
Rebar for horiæontal reinforcing structure 126 and for the next higher portion of vertical reinforcing s~r~ctures 130-133 is then fixed in position, after which concrete is poured to form horizontal reinforcins structure 126 and the lower sections of vertical reinforcing structures 130-133. Prior to pouring, squares of cardboard or any other convenient material are placed over those passages of the row 124f blocks where vertical reinforcement is not wanted. This construction process may be repeated indefinitely to form walls of any height. ~he finished wall contains a reinforced concrete grid which tightly locks the blocks together into a strong and durable wall.
While the preferred embodiment of this invention has been illustrated and described herein, it should be under stood that variations will become apparent to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiment illustrated and described herein and the true scope and spirit of the invention are to be determined by reference to the appended claims.
Field of the Invention This invention relates to interlocking building blocks and walls formed therefrom.
Description of the Prior ~rt A number of attempts have been made to provide building blocks capable of being joined together wi~hout the use o~
mortar into walls or other ~oad b~aring structUres. Ideally, such mortarless building blocks should be lightweight so that they are easy to handle and transport, easy to use so that the walls can be quickly constructed by unskilled work-men, ànd adapted to accept varying deyrees of reinfo~cemént so that the walls may readily be constructed to meet any de-gree of load bearing requirements.
Prior mortarless building blocks have ~allen consider-ably short of these ideals. No prior blocks have provided practical, mortarless building elements which are adapted, when assembled into a wall, of receiving a variable amount of reinforcement to provide different degrees of strength and stability. A number of prior blocks are designed to be filled with cement or other heavy material at the time they are asseMbled or constructed. Although such blocks are comparatively massive and thereby impart some stability to the finished wall, they provide no advantage whatsoever in terms of ease of handling or transportation over con-ventional cinder blocks. Other prior blocks have sought to achieve stability by providing flared interlocking structures between adjacent blocks. In addition to in-creasing the complexity of the blocks' designs, such flared structures also add considerably to the difficulty of as-sembling the blocks into walls, since such blocks may only be brouyht together from certain directions or angles.
-Summar~ o~ the Inventionl~his lnvention provides novel,liyh-tweight, highly in-sulating building bloc~s in a number of embodiments, which blocks are capable of being joined together without mortar to form a wall or other load be~ring structure. The blocks are extremely lightweight and easily used by unskilled laborers.
The blocks are designed such that when joined together into a wall, the interior of the wall contains form~ for a vari-able number of reinforcing structures. Such structure5 may be provided to yield walls of differing strengths and load bearing abilities.
The building blocks of the p~esent invention have a generally rectangular exterior configuration, and are composed of urethane foam or other lightw~ight, highly insulating non-cementitious material. In one embodiment, the block comprises a pair of op~osed side walls, a pa:ir of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of the side walls; an interior wall having a height equal to that of the side walls and extending between the side walls approximately parallel to the end walls, the interior wall forming two vertical passages through the blocks of approxi-mately equal, rectan~ular cross sections; projections on the upper surfaces of the end, side and interior walls, the projections being formed into two identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages; and the lower surfaces of the side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form recesses identical to the projections in size and shape, and directly below the projections in position. In a second embodiment, reerred to as a hori-zontal support block, the upper portions of the end and interior walls are removed to form a horizontal channel extending through the block. Blocks according to the present 6~3 invention may be used to construct walls comprising a series of horizontal rows, with adjacent rows offset horizontally by half the length of a block, and with pro jections of the blocks in each row being received within the recesses of the blocks of the row above. Certain rows may consist entirely of horizontal support blocks, and hori~ontal rein-forcing struc~ures may be placed throusll the channels of the bloc~:s in such rows. Vertical reinforcing structures may be placed through the vertical openings forr~ed b~ the pas-sages o.' several blocks. By such means, a wall or other structure having almost any desired amount of reinforcincJ
may be constructed.
These and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description and claims to follow taken in conjunction with the accornpanying drawings.
~rief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 presents a partly broken away perspeetive view of a part of a building structure assemb~ed from building blocks according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 presents a perspective view of a building block according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 presents a perspective view of the block of Fig. 2 as seen from below;
Fig. 4 presents a perspective view of a right hand corner block according to the present invention;
Fig. S presents a perspective view of a left hand corner block according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 presents a perspective view of a half unit block according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 presents a perspective view of a clouble unit reinforciny block according to the present invention;
Fig. 8 presents a perspective view of a building block according to the presen-t invention adapted to re-ceive a horizontal reinforcing structure;
Fig. 9 presents a perspective view of a reinforced section of a wall comprising the blocks o~ Figs. 2 and ~;
Fiy. 10 presents a side elevational view, partly broken away, of a reinforced wall according to the prssent invention.
Detailed Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 depicts a structure 10 comprised of mortarless building blocks according to the present inventian. Struc-ture lO, as shown, consists of foundation ll, walls 12, 14 and support structure 16 extending inwardly from wall 12.
Each wall consists of a series of horizontal rows, such as rows 18a-f comprising wall 12, positioned one on top of another. Each such row is composed principally of rectan-gular blocks 20 placèd end to end. With two exceptions to be described below, all the blocks of the present invention preferably have identical outer dimensions, which dimensions may be the same as that of a standard 8" x a~ x 16" cinder block. Each row 18a-f is horizontally o~fset from the rows above and beneath it by one half the length of blocks 20.
Figs. 2 and 3 depict, from above and below respectively, one of the blocks 20 of Fiy. 1. Block 20, as well as the other building blocks described herein, are made from urethane oam, compressed resin reinforced sawdust, or other lightweiyht, non-cementitious material. The use of such material results in a block which has excellent insulating properties, and which is extremely lightweight for easy transportation and handling. Block 20 comprises side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 2~ and interior wall 30. All walls are of equal height and extend from the top to the bottom of block 20. Interior wall 30 extends between side walls .
6~38 22, 24 from points intermediate their ends so as to form r~ctangular passages 32, 34 of identical size. Passages 32, 34 extend entirely through block 20 in a vertical direction and are oF uniform cross section throughout.
The upper surfaces of side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 28 and interior wall 30 carry a set of continuous projections 36. The projections are of constant, rectangular cross section and have a width less than the widths of the narrowest walls on which they are mounted. Projections 36 are formed in two identical rectangular portions 38, 40, and two short linear portions 42, 44 positioned midway between and parallel to side walls 22, 24. Linear portion 42 extend between rectangular portions 38 and 40, and linear portion 44 extends outwards from rectangular portion 38. As used herein, linear portion 44 refers to that structure overlying end wall 26, and not to that structure, described below7 extending outwardly from such end wall. The rectangular portions 38, 40 completely surround the upper edges of passages 32, 34 respectively, and the inwardly Facing sides of such rectangular portions are coplanar with the inner surfaces of the walls forming passages 32, 34.
The lower surfaces of side walls 22, 24, end walls 26, 28 and interior wal 1 30 carry a set of continuous recesses 46 having si zes and shapes identical to projections 36 and positioned directly below and corresponding to such projections. When two blocks 20 are positioned one on top of another, the projections of the lower block frictionally fit within the recesses of the upper block, by which means the blocks are aligned and secured together.
Block 20 additional Iy comprises the lateral projection 48 outstand-ing from end wall 26 and the lateral recess 50 formed on end wall 2~. Lateral projection ~8 and lateral recess 50 each has a rectangular cross section of dimensions equal to those of ~rojections 36 and recesses 46. La'ceral recess 50 extends vertically the full height of end wall 2B intermediate its sides. Lateral projection 43 has a total height equal to that o:E end wall 26, bu~ is offset upwardly a distance equal to the height of projection 36, and therefore to the depth of reeesses 46. Thus the upper por~ion of lateral projection 48 forms a uniform continuous strueture with linear portion 44 of projeetion 36, and the length of sueh eontinuous strueture is identieal to the length of linear portion 42.
A series of bloeks 20 may be positioned end to end to form horizontal rows 18a-f (Fig. 1) with lateral projeetions frietionally fitted into lateral recesses of adjaeent blocksO
When such a row is constructed, the projections 36 of the several blocks, together with the upper portions of lateral projections 48, form a pattern of connected rectangles on the upper surfaees of blocks 20, which pattern repeats it-self twice per block, as indicated at 52 in Fig. 1. Simi-larly, recesses 46 toyether with the lower ends of lateral recesses 50, form an identical repeating pattern of reeesses on the lower surfaces of sueh blocks. Thus, when horizontal rows of blocks 20 are positioned one above another with pro-jections 36 and recesses 46 frictionally fitted together to form walls, bloc]~:s in adjacent rows may be aligned either directly above or below one another or, preferably, offset norizontally by half the length of one block, as indicated in Fig. 1.
Fig. ~ depicts a lefthand corner block 60. Block 60 is identical -to block 20 except tha'c lateral projec~ion 62 has been positioned on sicle wall 64 rather than on end wall 66, and linear projection 61 has been relocated such that it connects lateral projection 62 and rectangular projection 63. The distance between lateral projection 62 and end wall 66 is identical to the distance between lateral pro-jection 48 and side wall 22 (Fig. 3). End wall ~ carries a lateral recess (not shown) identical to lateral recess 50 of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 depicts the incorpor~tion of several lefthand corner blocks 60 into an assembled struCture.
Fig. S depicts a righthand corner block 70. Block 70 is identical to block 20 except that lateral recess 72 has been positioned on side wall 74. The distance between lateral recess 72 and end wall 73 is equal to the distance between lateral recess 50 and side wall 22 (Fig. 2). Fig.
1 illustrates the incorporation of several righthand cor-ner blocks 70 into an assembled structure, as well as a ~broken-away area 71 where such a block 70 would be placed.
Fig. 6 shows a half-section block 80. Bloclc 80 is identical to the righthand half of block 20 (Fig. 2), ex-cept that projection 82 does not include a linear portion such as 42 in Fig. 2. Half-section blocks 80 permit the construction of windows or doorways in walls in which adjacent rows are offset, as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 depicts a pylon block 90, which block is similar to two blocks 20 joined side to side. In particular, one-half 92 of block 90 is identical to block 20, whereas the other half 94 is similar to block 20 except that it has neither a lateral projection nor a lateral recess. Pylon blocks 9n are used to form a double thickness section of a wall or other skructure to increase the strength and stability of the wall at such section. Fig. 1 shows three pylon blocks 90 positioned one above another in rows 18b, 18d and 18f. Blocks 20 are positioned between the rear halves 94 of the pylon blocks 90 to form a double thick-ness support structure 16 in wall 12. Such a support structure increases the strengt'n of the wall 12 in and of itself, and it is further capahle of receiving a supple-mental reinforcing structure as described below.
Fig. 8 illustrates a horizontal support block 100.
Support block 100 is identical to block 20, except that the entire upper portions of the end and i.nterior walls, as well as the ~rojections and recesses carried thereon, have been removed. Thus, block 100 comprises side walls 102, 104, end walls 10~, 108 and interior wall 110. End walls 106, 108 and interior wall 110 are all of a height considerably less than the height of side walls 102, 104, such that a longitudinal, horizontal U-shaped channel 112 is formed in the upper interior portion of block 100.
Interior wall 110 extends between side walls 102, 104 from points intermediate their ends so as to form equal size rectangular passages 113, 114 extending through block 100 in a vertical direction. Passages 113, 114 correspond to passages 32, 34 of ~lock 20.
~ he lower surfaces of side walls 102, 104, end walls 106, 108 and interior wall 110 are formed so as to form re-cesses (not shown) in the lower surfaces thereof which are identical to recesses 46 on the lower sur~aces of block 20.
Side walls 102, 104 carry projections 116 119 on the upper surfaces thereof, such projections being identical to the side wall sections OL rectangular projections 38, 40 of block 20. End walls 106, 108 respectively carry lateral projection 120 and a lateral recess (not shown), such lateral 6~3 recess and projection beiny identical to lateral projection 48 and lateral recess 50 of block 20, except that their upper sections have been removed along with the upper sec-tions of end walls 106, 108.
Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate the way in which walls or other struetures constructed of blocks according to the present invention may be reinforced to provide almost any desired amount of strength or stability. Refer~ing ini-tially to Fig. 10, there is shown a wall 122 comprising horizontal rows 124a-1 stacked one on top oE another as already described. Each row is o~fset from adjacent rows by one-half the length of an individual block. Rows 124a-e and g-k are made up entirely of blocks 20, whereas rows 124f and 1241 are composed entirely of horizontal support bloeks 100. In each row, adjacent bloclcs are joined to-gether via their lateral projections and reeesses. Adjaeent rows are joined via the projeetions and recesses Oll the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
Each row of horizontal support blocks 124f, 1241 earries a horizontal reinforeing structure lZ6, 128 respectively, such reinforcing structures extending through the longi-tudinal channels 112 of blocks 100. The frequency with whieh rows of horizontal support blocks appear may be varied as desired. Further, periodically throughout wall 122, ver-tical support structures 130-133 extend through aligned passages 32, 34 or 113, 114 in bloe]cs 20 or 100 respectively.
In wall 122, as shown, such vertical reinforcing structures 130-133 extend through one of the passage3 of every fourth bloek in eaeh row, although here again any other repeat fre-quency could be used as desired. Thus the number of vertical and horizontal reinforc:Lng structures incorporated :into a wall may be adjusted based on the load bearing requirements _9_ of the wall and related factors. In a wall intended to carry any substantial load, essentially all of such load m~y be borne by the reinforcing structures, a feature which permits the use of extremely lightweight and highly in-sulating material for the blocks. ~here the reinforcing structures comprise concrete, the blocks of the present invention may be viewed as forms as well as structural elements.
Fig. 9 illustrates details of one type of reinforcing structure. In Fig. 9, the lower row 140 is composed of blocks 20, whereas the upper row 141 is composed of hori zontal support blocks 100. The horizontal reinforcing stxucture 1~3 is shown as consisting of concrete 144 reinforced by rebar 145, 146, while the vertical reinforcing structure 148 consists of concrete 149 reinforced by rebar 150. Primarily for purposes of illustration, a second vertical reinforcing structure is shown extending through blocks 152, 154, and this reinforcing structure is reinforced by rebax 156. Other material, such as logs or steel sleeving, may be used as well as reinforced concrete for the reinforcing structures. Fig. 9 also illustrates the way in which the spaces within the walls provided for the reinforcing struc-tures can also be used as conduits for electrical cabling and the like.
As stated above, a number of pylon blocks 90 can be used to construct a support structure 16 (Fig. l) at those sections of a wall where additional ~trength i5 required.
The back half 94 of such a support structure may receive vertical reinforcing structures such as those already de-scribed to provide an even greater measure of strength and stability.
Referring again to Fig. 10, wall 122 as shown therein is constructed by first providing posts 160 extending from foundation or footings 162. Rebar for the lower por-tions of vertical reinforcing structures 130-133 is then attached to such posts, and blocks are then stacked to form rows 124a-f. Since such blocks are extremely light-weight and easily fitted together, the construction of such rows is a rapid process, even for unskilled labor.
Rebar for horiæontal reinforcing structure 126 and for the next higher portion of vertical reinforcing s~r~ctures 130-133 is then fixed in position, after which concrete is poured to form horizontal reinforcins structure 126 and the lower sections of vertical reinforcing structures 130-133. Prior to pouring, squares of cardboard or any other convenient material are placed over those passages of the row 124f blocks where vertical reinforcement is not wanted. This construction process may be repeated indefinitely to form walls of any height. ~he finished wall contains a reinforced concrete grid which tightly locks the blocks together into a strong and durable wall.
While the preferred embodiment of this invention has been illustrated and described herein, it should be under stood that variations will become apparent to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiment illustrated and described herein and the true scope and spirit of the invention are to be determined by reference to the appended claims.
Claims (25)
1. An improved building block combination, comprising:
a) a generally rectangularly configured body made of light-weight, non-cementious, resilient plastic foam material having a pair of opposed side walls and a pair of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of said side walls, and also having top and bottom surfaces;
b) interior wall means extending between said top and bottom surfaces and having a height equal to that of the side and end walls and forming two spaced apart vertical passages through the block;
c) Frictional interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said interior wall means and extending above said top surface; and d) the bottom surface of said block being shaped coactingly such that said projections are received so as to provide a mortarless, coacting friction interlock between abutting and adjacent blocks for the purpose of imparting shear and lateral strength between blocks and in structures formed of said blocks, said blocks being designed to provide at least vertically aligned passages for separate additional load bearing means in said passages.
a) a generally rectangularly configured body made of light-weight, non-cementious, resilient plastic foam material having a pair of opposed side walls and a pair of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of said side walls, and also having top and bottom surfaces;
b) interior wall means extending between said top and bottom surfaces and having a height equal to that of the side and end walls and forming two spaced apart vertical passages through the block;
c) Frictional interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said interior wall means and extending above said top surface; and d) the bottom surface of said block being shaped coactingly such that said projections are received so as to provide a mortarless, coacting friction interlock between abutting and adjacent blocks for the purpose of imparting shear and lateral strength between blocks and in structures formed of said blocks, said blocks being designed to provide at least vertically aligned passages for separate additional load bearing means in said passages.
2. The building block according to claim 1 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said end walls and the other end wall being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed coacting lateral recess of correspond-ing size, shape and position as said lateral projection.
3. The building block according to claim 2 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
4. The building block according to claim 3 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock pro-jection.
5. The building block according to claim 1 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said side walls and one of said end walls being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed coacting lateral recess of correspond-ing size, shape and position as said lateral projection.
6. The building block according to claim 5 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
7. The building block according to claim 6 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock projection.
8. The building block according to claim 6 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said side walls and one of said end walls being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed coacting lateral recess of corresponding size, shape and position as said lateral projection.
9. The building block according to claim 8 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
10. The building block according to claim 9 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock projection.
11. An improved building block combination, comprising:
a) a generally rectangularly configured body made of light-weight, non-cementious, resilient, plastic foam material having a pair of opposed side walls and a pair of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of said side walls, and also having top and bottom surfaces;
b) interior wall means extending between said top and bottom surfaces and having a height equal to that of the side walls and extending between the side and end walls approximately parallel to said side end walls, said interior wall means forming through the block two spaced apart vertical passages of generally rectangular cross section;
c) frictional interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said interior wall means, the projections being formed into two generally identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages, and said interlock projections having substantially rectangular cross-sections; and d) the bottom surface of the sadie, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form frictional interlock recesses around the lower edges of said interior wall means said interlock recesses corresponding to the projections in size and shape and directly below the projections in position, said building block frictional interlock projections and recesses being formed so as to provide a mortarless, coacting friction interlock between abutting and adjacent blocks for the purpose of imparting shear and lateral strength between blocks and in structures formed of said blocks, said blocks being designed to provide at least vertically aligned passages for separate additional load bearing means in said passages.
a) a generally rectangularly configured body made of light-weight, non-cementious, resilient, plastic foam material having a pair of opposed side walls and a pair of opposed end walls having heights equal to that of said side walls, and also having top and bottom surfaces;
b) interior wall means extending between said top and bottom surfaces and having a height equal to that of the side walls and extending between the side and end walls approximately parallel to said side end walls, said interior wall means forming through the block two spaced apart vertical passages of generally rectangular cross section;
c) frictional interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said interior wall means, the projections being formed into two generally identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages, and said interlock projections having substantially rectangular cross-sections; and d) the bottom surface of the sadie, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form frictional interlock recesses around the lower edges of said interior wall means said interlock recesses corresponding to the projections in size and shape and directly below the projections in position, said building block frictional interlock projections and recesses being formed so as to provide a mortarless, coacting friction interlock between abutting and adjacent blocks for the purpose of imparting shear and lateral strength between blocks and in structures formed of said blocks, said blocks being designed to provide at least vertically aligned passages for separate additional load bearing means in said passages.
12. The building block according to claim 11 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral frictional interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said end walls, said lateral projection extending from the top of said projections to the bottom of said recesses and being positioned between the adjacent side walls, the other end wall being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed lateral recess of corresponding size, shape and position as said lateral projection and extending from said top to said bottom surface, said lateral projection being of substantially the same cross-section as said interlock projections.
13. The building block according to claim 12 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
14. The building block according to claim 13 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock projection.
15. The building block according to claim 11 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said side walls and one of said end walls being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed coacting lateral recess of correspond-ing size, shape and position as said lateral projection.
16. The building block according to claim 15 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
17. The building block according to claim 16 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock projection.
18. The building block according to claim 11 and in which a generally vertically disposed lateral interlock projection extends outwardly from one of said side walls and one of said end walls being shaped so as to form a generally vertically disposed coacting lateral recess of corresponding size, shape and position as said lateral projection.
19. The building block according to claim 18 and in which said interlock projections include a first linear portion which extends between the interlock projections on the top surface around the upper edges of said vertical passages.
20. The building block according to claim 19 and in which a second linear portion extends from one of said interlock projections around the upper edge of one of said vertical passages to said lateral interlock projection.
21. A wall structure, comprising:
a) a plurality of lightweight non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material blocks, each block having a generally rectangular exterior configuration and comprising a pair of opposed side walls; a pair of opposed end walls having heights appreciably less than that of the side walls; an interior wall having a height equal to that of the end walls and extending between the side walls approximately parallel to the end walls, the interior wall forming two vertical passages through the block of approxi-mately equal, rectangular cross section; frictional interlock projections on the upper surface of each side wall, said interlock projections being of essentially rectangular cross section and being formed into two identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages; and the lower surfaces of the side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form recesses, a portion of such recesses being identical to the projections in size and shape and directly below the projection in position; said blocks being positioned invertically stacked horizontal rows with the projections of each block being frictionally received within the recesses of the blocks stacked immediately above it; and b) each of said rows being offset by half the length of a block from the row immediately beneath it in such a way that the passages of the blocks in successive rows are aligned to form a series of vertical openings extending through more than one row, and the wall structure further comprising vertical reinforcing means extending through pre-selected vertical openings.
a) a plurality of lightweight non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material blocks, each block having a generally rectangular exterior configuration and comprising a pair of opposed side walls; a pair of opposed end walls having heights appreciably less than that of the side walls; an interior wall having a height equal to that of the end walls and extending between the side walls approximately parallel to the end walls, the interior wall forming two vertical passages through the block of approxi-mately equal, rectangular cross section; frictional interlock projections on the upper surface of each side wall, said interlock projections being of essentially rectangular cross section and being formed into two identical patterns respectively associated with said two passages; and the lower surfaces of the side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form recesses, a portion of such recesses being identical to the projections in size and shape and directly below the projection in position; said blocks being positioned invertically stacked horizontal rows with the projections of each block being frictionally received within the recesses of the blocks stacked immediately above it; and b) each of said rows being offset by half the length of a block from the row immediately beneath it in such a way that the passages of the blocks in successive rows are aligned to form a series of vertical openings extending through more than one row, and the wall structure further comprising vertical reinforcing means extending through pre-selected vertical openings.
22. The wall structure of claim 21 wherein said vertical reinforcing means comprises metal reinforced concrete.
23. A wall structure, comprising:
a) a plurality of lightweight, non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material, first blocks, each first block having a generally rec-tangular exterior configuration and comprising a pair of opposed first side walls; a pair of opposed first end walls having heights equal to that of the first side walls; a first interior wall having a height equal to that of the first side walls and extending between the first side walls approximately parallel to the first end walls, the first interior wall forming two first vertical passages through the first blocks of approximately equal, rectangular, cross sections; first projections on the upper surfaces of the first end, side and interior walls, the first projections being formed into two identical first patterns respectively associated with said two first passages; and the lower surfaces of the first side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form first recesses identical to the first projections in size and shape, and directly below the first projections in position, the first blocks being posi-tioned side by side to form first horizontal rows;
b) a plurality of lightweight, non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material, second blocks, each second block having an exterior size and configuration similar to the first blocks and comprising a pair of opposed second side walls; a pair of opposed second end walls having heights appreciably less than that of the second side walls; a second interior wall having a height equal to that of the second end walls and extending between the second side walls approximately parallel to the second end walls, the second interior wall forming two second vertical passages through the second forms of approximately equal, rectangular cross sections; second projections on the upper surface of each second side wall, the second projections being formed into two identical second patterns respectively associated with the two second passages; and the lower surfaces of the second side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form second recesses, a portion of such second recesses being identical to the second projections in size and shape and directly below the second projections in position, the second blocks being positioned side by side to form second horizontal rows and horizontal passages through said horizontal row of second blocks, said first and second rows being postioned one on top of another such that the projec-tions of the forms in each row are received within the recesses of the forms in the row above and the passages in successive rows are aligned to form vertical openings extending through more than one row; and c) load bearing structures extending at least through one of said vertical openings.
a) a plurality of lightweight, non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material, first blocks, each first block having a generally rec-tangular exterior configuration and comprising a pair of opposed first side walls; a pair of opposed first end walls having heights equal to that of the first side walls; a first interior wall having a height equal to that of the first side walls and extending between the first side walls approximately parallel to the first end walls, the first interior wall forming two first vertical passages through the first blocks of approximately equal, rectangular, cross sections; first projections on the upper surfaces of the first end, side and interior walls, the first projections being formed into two identical first patterns respectively associated with said two first passages; and the lower surfaces of the first side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form first recesses identical to the first projections in size and shape, and directly below the first projections in position, the first blocks being posi-tioned side by side to form first horizontal rows;
b) a plurality of lightweight, non-cementitious, resilient, plastic foam material, second blocks, each second block having an exterior size and configuration similar to the first blocks and comprising a pair of opposed second side walls; a pair of opposed second end walls having heights appreciably less than that of the second side walls; a second interior wall having a height equal to that of the second end walls and extending between the second side walls approximately parallel to the second end walls, the second interior wall forming two second vertical passages through the second forms of approximately equal, rectangular cross sections; second projections on the upper surface of each second side wall, the second projections being formed into two identical second patterns respectively associated with the two second passages; and the lower surfaces of the second side, end and interior walls being shaped so as to form second recesses, a portion of such second recesses being identical to the second projections in size and shape and directly below the second projections in position, the second blocks being positioned side by side to form second horizontal rows and horizontal passages through said horizontal row of second blocks, said first and second rows being postioned one on top of another such that the projec-tions of the forms in each row are received within the recesses of the forms in the row above and the passages in successive rows are aligned to form vertical openings extending through more than one row; and c) load bearing structures extending at least through one of said vertical openings.
24. The wall structure of claim 23 and wherein load bearing means extend through said horizontal passages.
25. The wall of claim 24 wherein the horizontal and vertical load bearing structures comprise metal reinforced concrete.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83607577A | 1977-09-23 | 1977-09-23 | |
| US836,075 | 1977-09-23 |
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| CA1101688A true CA1101688A (en) | 1981-05-26 |
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| CA311,543A Expired CA1101688A (en) | 1977-09-23 | 1978-09-19 | Building block and structures formed therefrom |
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| EP (1) | EP0001360A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4011278A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1101688A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2004578B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN149804B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA785310B (en) |
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| US5024035A (en) * | 1979-10-18 | 1991-06-18 | Insulock Corporation | Building block and structures formed therefrom |
| US4475326A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1984-10-09 | Hanson Gary N | Interlocking building blocks and system using the same |
| FR2523624A1 (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-23 | Cruaud System | PARPATING OF CONSTRUCTION |
| DE3237467C1 (en) * | 1982-10-09 | 1983-10-20 | Emil Wolff, Maschinenfabrik Und Eisengiesserei Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Support frame for the installation of buildings |
| GB2139266A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-11-07 | Vander Wal Jan | Masonry blocks |
| EP0115090A1 (en) * | 1983-01-26 | 1984-08-08 | Vander-Wal, Jan | Masonry blocks |
| US4571905A (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1986-02-25 | Yoshida Kogyo K.K. | Method of mounting curtain wall units and constructions thereof |
| IT1209539B (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1989-08-30 | G P E Generale Polistirolo Esp | IMPROVEMENT IN THE FORMATION OF MODULAR ELEMENTS FOR THE ERECTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES PREVALENTLY IN REINFORCED CONCRETE AND HIGH PROPERTIES OF THERMAL AND / OR ACOUSTIC INSULATION, AND SINGLE OR MULTIPLE ELEMENTS FOR THE FORMATION OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PARTS HAVING THEIR PROPERTIES. |
| AU6757587A (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1987-07-16 | Andries Hendrick Du Plessis | Building blocks |
| FR2656358A1 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-06-28 | Moulin Jean Yves | REVERSIBLE BUILDING BLOCK FOR CEMENTLESS MOUNTING. |
| EP0507970A1 (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1992-10-14 | Ludwig Ispanky | Elements for the construction of building structures |
| GR1000901B (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-16 | Ioannis Aylogiaris | Construction method |
| AU668058B2 (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1996-04-18 | Caswold Hickson Lee | Building blocks and method of building construction |
| IT1296004B1 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1999-06-03 | Gianazza Angelo S P A | PREFABRICATED INTERLOCKING TILE IN SYNTHETIC MATERIAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS |
| GR1002711B (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-06-04 | ������������ ��� �������� ��. | Thermal insulating brick made of pumice, for concrete wall panelling. |
| FR2781241B1 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-08-18 | Serge Wrobleski | CONSTRUCTION BLOCK AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A BUILDING USING SUCH BLOCKS |
| ES2157790B1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2002-02-16 | Conejo Jose Terron | MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR FACTORY WORK WITH BRICKS IN FACADES, WALLS, WALLS, PILLARS, INNER, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL DRIVES |
| CA2351927A1 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-03 | Ali Kashif Al-Ghitta | Modular tenon and slot mortise building blocks for habitable shelters |
| WO2007073570A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Nenad Paunovic | Building block |
| GB2440531B (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2008-07-02 | Pyramid Builders Ltd | Reinforced Masonry Panel Structure |
| GB0802109D0 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2008-03-12 | Wembley Innovation Ltd | Masonry with reinforced concrete strenghtening |
| ES2354091B1 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2012-02-01 | Pablo Daniel Garcia Carrillo | BLOCK FOR THE INTEGRATION OF FACILITIES IN CONSTRUCTION WITH CONCRETE FACTORY. |
| GB2472068A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | Innovation Ltd Const | Wall structure formed from insulating parallelepiped blocks |
| GB2477728A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-17 | Alan Mark Seddon | Modular moulded brick for an inspection chamber |
| US11352785B2 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2022-06-07 | B & B Flying Service, Inc. | Construction block units |
| US11186987B2 (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-11-30 | B&B Flying Service, Inc. | Construction block units |
| CN113232145B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2023-01-20 | 四川建园新型建筑材料有限公司 | Intelligent production process of sintered combined wallboard |
Family Cites Families (3)
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| US1567085A (en) * | 1925-01-19 | 1925-12-29 | Valsy E Rowland | Building block |
| FR915121A (en) * | 1945-09-27 | 1946-10-28 | chipboard element for constructions | |
| FR2074669A1 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-10-08 | Racault Michel |
-
1978
- 1978-09-19 CA CA311,543A patent/CA1101688A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 IN IN0133/CAL/78A patent/IN149804B/en unknown
- 1978-09-19 ZA ZA00785310A patent/ZA785310B/en unknown
- 1978-09-22 GB GB7837824A patent/GB2004578B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-22 EP EP78300411A patent/EP0001360A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-09-22 AU AU40112/78A patent/AU4011278A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA785310B (en) | 1979-08-29 |
| GB2004578A (en) | 1979-04-04 |
| EP0001360A1 (en) | 1979-04-04 |
| IN149804B (en) | 1982-04-24 |
| AU4011278A (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| GB2004578B (en) | 1982-09-22 |
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