CA1101648A - Low-torque textured yarn and process - Google Patents
Low-torque textured yarn and processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1101648A CA1101648A CA318,979A CA318979A CA1101648A CA 1101648 A CA1101648 A CA 1101648A CA 318979 A CA318979 A CA 318979A CA 1101648 A CA1101648 A CA 1101648A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- torque
- elongation
- spun
- drawn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
- D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
- D02G1/022—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting while simultaneously drawing the yarn
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
LOW-TORQUE TEXTURED YARN AND PROCESS
ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE
Spun yarn having torqueless latent crimp is draw-textured, producing a drawn textured yarn which is substantially torque-free.
ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE
Spun yarn having torqueless latent crimp is draw-textured, producing a drawn textured yarn which is substantially torque-free.
Description
69L~
LO~-TORQUE TE~TU~ED YARN AND PROCESS
SPE CI FI CATI ON
The invention relates to a process for producing a reduced-torque textured polyester yarn. More particularly, it relates to such a process wherein the spun feed yarn is chosen to have certain properties selected such that the drawn yarn will have substantia~ texture and yet be substantially torque-free.
False-twist ~exturing of polyester yarns is well known in the art, and customarily includes a second heating step (after the yarn has passed through the false-twister) under controlled tension in order to reduce the torque in the yarn.
Such known processes use conventional POY (partially oriented yarn) as the feed yarn, and are quite successful so long as the drawn yarn denier is lower than about 200. At a drawn denier of 250 or above, and part,cularly when the drawn yarn has a denier of at least 350, the second heating step temperature cannot be sufficiently high as to substantially eliminate torque in the yarn, else the yarn bulk would be unduly reduced. When ~0 such heavy deniers are desired, it is therefore customary to separately spin and draw-texture two smaller yarns of opposite torque directions, then ply the two smaller yarns to provide a balanced-torque final yarn of the desired denier This customary procedure is thus cumbersome and expensive as compared to producing a singles yarn.
These and other difficulties with prior art practices are avoided by the present invention, which provides a particular feed yarn which during drawtexturing surprisingly does not develop objectionable torque.
LO~-TORQUE TE~TU~ED YARN AND PROCESS
SPE CI FI CATI ON
The invention relates to a process for producing a reduced-torque textured polyester yarn. More particularly, it relates to such a process wherein the spun feed yarn is chosen to have certain properties selected such that the drawn yarn will have substantia~ texture and yet be substantially torque-free.
False-twist ~exturing of polyester yarns is well known in the art, and customarily includes a second heating step (after the yarn has passed through the false-twister) under controlled tension in order to reduce the torque in the yarn.
Such known processes use conventional POY (partially oriented yarn) as the feed yarn, and are quite successful so long as the drawn yarn denier is lower than about 200. At a drawn denier of 250 or above, and part,cularly when the drawn yarn has a denier of at least 350, the second heating step temperature cannot be sufficiently high as to substantially eliminate torque in the yarn, else the yarn bulk would be unduly reduced. When ~0 such heavy deniers are desired, it is therefore customary to separately spin and draw-texture two smaller yarns of opposite torque directions, then ply the two smaller yarns to provide a balanced-torque final yarn of the desired denier This customary procedure is thus cumbersome and expensive as compared to producing a singles yarn.
These and other difficulties with prior art practices are avoided by the present invention, which provides a particular feed yarn which during drawtexturing surprisingly does not develop objectionable torque.
- 2 -6~8 According to a primary aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for producin~ a reduced-torque textured polyester yarn, comprising, producing a spun polyester ~Jarn having an elongation of 5S-195% and having sufficient torque-less latent crimp to provide when hot-dra~n to an elongation of 30% a bulk of at least 8%, and draw-texturing the spun yarn at a temperature above the second order transition temperature to a drawn yarn having a denier of at least 250 and an elongation between 10 and 45%.
According to another aspect of the invention, the spun yarn is draw-textured to an elongation between 20 and 35,'.
According to another aspect of the invention, the drawn yarn has a denier of at least 350.
Other aspects will in part be obvious and will in part be set orth in the following detailed description of the invention.
It has been discovered that heavy denier low-or-zero-torque yarns can be produced eficiently by using as feed ~arns therefor in a draw-texturing process a spun polyester yarn having an elongation of 55-195% and having sufficient latent crimp to provide when hot-drawn to an elongation of 30% a bulk of at least 8%, and draw-texturing the spun yarn at a temperature above the second order transition temperature to a drawn yarn having a denier of at least 250 and an elongation between 10 and 45~/O. Such spun yarns can be produced by combining two different molten streams with different rheological properties, as in Privott U.S. 3,387,327, or by spinning a molten non-round cross-sectional stream and preferentially quenching one portion of the cross-section, as in Ono U.S. 3,623,939 and Na~agawa U.S. 3,920,784. These three patents are incorporated herein by reference. With these spinning systems, a spinning speed of about 3000 meters per minute will provide an elongation within the range of 55-l957 for normal deniers per filament of about 4-8. For other deniers per filament, the desired elongation range may be obtained by selection of spinning speed. As is known, hi~her spinning speeds give lower elongations and vice versa.
Example I
This is illustrative of the problem. Polyethyiene terephthalate poly~er of normal molecular weignt for apparel yarns is conventionally melt spun at a melt temperature of 290C. into a quench zone supplied with transverse quenching air a. a temperature of 20C. The quenching air has an average speed of 15 meters per minute, 68 round spinneret orifices are employed having diameters of 0.38 mm, and the yarn is wound at 3000 meters per minute to give a spun yarn with 2 denier of 550 and an elongation of 130%.
The spun yarn is simultaneously drawn and textured (draw-textured) on a Barmag FK-6 machine equipped with friction-twist aggregates of the type disclosed in Yn U.S.
~0 3,g73,383. The primary heater temperature is 200C., the draw ratio is l.70, and the texturing windup speed is 300 meters per minute.
A Lawson tube knitted from this yarn exhibits severe torque unless the secondary heater (after the false-twist aggregate and prior to texturing windup) has a temperature so high as to substantially reduce the yarn bulk.
~xam~le II
This is an example according to the invention,spun the same as in ~xample I above,except that each filament of the feed yarn is spun from a spinneret orifice having three slo~s r2diating from a common center and spaced 120 apart to give a tri-lobal filament cross-section of the general type indicated in Figure lB of U.S 3,623,93g. The 68-filament spun yarn has a denier of j50.
The spun yarn is draw-textured as in Example I
above.
A Lawson tube knitted from this yarn exhibits virtually no torq-ue when the secondary heater has a temperature of 190C.
Exa~ple III
This example simply characterizes the sp1ln yarns of E~amples I and II. Each spun yarn is drawn over a hot shoe at 200~C. at a rate of 360 meters per minute and at a draw ratio of 1.70. The drawn spun yarns then have their degree of latent bulk determined as follows.
The drawn yarn packages are conditioned at 20C.
and 72,to relative humidity for 24 hours, after which 25 meters of yarn are stripped from each bobbin and discarded. A skein having a skein denier of 6250 and a skein circumference of 1.125 meters (that is, yarn25denier = revolutions of 1.125 meter skein reel) is formed under a yarn tension of 0.035 grams per denier while skeining. A 1000 gram weight is hung from the bottom of the skein while the top of the skein is suspended from a small hook, and, after 30 seconds, the skein length Li is determined. The 1000 gram weight is then replaced by a weight of 0.6 grams and the skein is then placed in a 1.20C.
oven for 5 minutes. The skein is then removed, conditioned for 1 minute at room temperature, and a 20 gram weight is added to the 0.6 gram weight. After 30 seconds, the skein length is measured to determine Lf. The yarn bulk in percent is then -~-- X 100.
.
The spun yarn in Example I has a bulk of 4.7%, while the spun yarn in Example II has a bulk of 11.3. The textured yarns (run without energizing the second heater) have respective bulks of 61.5 and 77.7% when measured by the above bulk test. However, the Example II yarn surprisingly can be directly used as a high-bulk, substantially-zero-torque yarn, while the Example I yarn cannot be so used. If the second heater is used and set at a sufficiently high temperature to substantially eliminate torque from the Example I yarn, the desirable bulk level is drastically reduced.
The term "polyester" as used herein means those polymers of fiber-forming molecular weight composed of at least 85% by weight of an ester of a dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. As is known, such polymers are made commercially by direct esterification of the alcohol with the acid, or by an ester interchange reaction.
According to another aspect of the invention, the spun yarn is draw-textured to an elongation between 20 and 35,'.
According to another aspect of the invention, the drawn yarn has a denier of at least 350.
Other aspects will in part be obvious and will in part be set orth in the following detailed description of the invention.
It has been discovered that heavy denier low-or-zero-torque yarns can be produced eficiently by using as feed ~arns therefor in a draw-texturing process a spun polyester yarn having an elongation of 55-195% and having sufficient latent crimp to provide when hot-drawn to an elongation of 30% a bulk of at least 8%, and draw-texturing the spun yarn at a temperature above the second order transition temperature to a drawn yarn having a denier of at least 250 and an elongation between 10 and 45~/O. Such spun yarns can be produced by combining two different molten streams with different rheological properties, as in Privott U.S. 3,387,327, or by spinning a molten non-round cross-sectional stream and preferentially quenching one portion of the cross-section, as in Ono U.S. 3,623,939 and Na~agawa U.S. 3,920,784. These three patents are incorporated herein by reference. With these spinning systems, a spinning speed of about 3000 meters per minute will provide an elongation within the range of 55-l957 for normal deniers per filament of about 4-8. For other deniers per filament, the desired elongation range may be obtained by selection of spinning speed. As is known, hi~her spinning speeds give lower elongations and vice versa.
Example I
This is illustrative of the problem. Polyethyiene terephthalate poly~er of normal molecular weignt for apparel yarns is conventionally melt spun at a melt temperature of 290C. into a quench zone supplied with transverse quenching air a. a temperature of 20C. The quenching air has an average speed of 15 meters per minute, 68 round spinneret orifices are employed having diameters of 0.38 mm, and the yarn is wound at 3000 meters per minute to give a spun yarn with 2 denier of 550 and an elongation of 130%.
The spun yarn is simultaneously drawn and textured (draw-textured) on a Barmag FK-6 machine equipped with friction-twist aggregates of the type disclosed in Yn U.S.
~0 3,g73,383. The primary heater temperature is 200C., the draw ratio is l.70, and the texturing windup speed is 300 meters per minute.
A Lawson tube knitted from this yarn exhibits severe torque unless the secondary heater (after the false-twist aggregate and prior to texturing windup) has a temperature so high as to substantially reduce the yarn bulk.
~xam~le II
This is an example according to the invention,spun the same as in ~xample I above,except that each filament of the feed yarn is spun from a spinneret orifice having three slo~s r2diating from a common center and spaced 120 apart to give a tri-lobal filament cross-section of the general type indicated in Figure lB of U.S 3,623,93g. The 68-filament spun yarn has a denier of j50.
The spun yarn is draw-textured as in Example I
above.
A Lawson tube knitted from this yarn exhibits virtually no torq-ue when the secondary heater has a temperature of 190C.
Exa~ple III
This example simply characterizes the sp1ln yarns of E~amples I and II. Each spun yarn is drawn over a hot shoe at 200~C. at a rate of 360 meters per minute and at a draw ratio of 1.70. The drawn spun yarns then have their degree of latent bulk determined as follows.
The drawn yarn packages are conditioned at 20C.
and 72,to relative humidity for 24 hours, after which 25 meters of yarn are stripped from each bobbin and discarded. A skein having a skein denier of 6250 and a skein circumference of 1.125 meters (that is, yarn25denier = revolutions of 1.125 meter skein reel) is formed under a yarn tension of 0.035 grams per denier while skeining. A 1000 gram weight is hung from the bottom of the skein while the top of the skein is suspended from a small hook, and, after 30 seconds, the skein length Li is determined. The 1000 gram weight is then replaced by a weight of 0.6 grams and the skein is then placed in a 1.20C.
oven for 5 minutes. The skein is then removed, conditioned for 1 minute at room temperature, and a 20 gram weight is added to the 0.6 gram weight. After 30 seconds, the skein length is measured to determine Lf. The yarn bulk in percent is then -~-- X 100.
.
The spun yarn in Example I has a bulk of 4.7%, while the spun yarn in Example II has a bulk of 11.3. The textured yarns (run without energizing the second heater) have respective bulks of 61.5 and 77.7% when measured by the above bulk test. However, the Example II yarn surprisingly can be directly used as a high-bulk, substantially-zero-torque yarn, while the Example I yarn cannot be so used. If the second heater is used and set at a sufficiently high temperature to substantially eliminate torque from the Example I yarn, the desirable bulk level is drastically reduced.
The term "polyester" as used herein means those polymers of fiber-forming molecular weight composed of at least 85% by weight of an ester of a dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. As is known, such polymers are made commercially by direct esterification of the alcohol with the acid, or by an ester interchange reaction.
Claims (3)
1. A process for producing a low-torque textured polyester yarn, characterized by:
a. producing a spun polyester yarn having an elongation of 55-195% and having sufficient torque-less latent crimp to provide when hot-drawn at 200°C. to an elongation of 30% a bulk of at least 8%, and b. draw-texturing said spun yarn at a tempera-ture above the second order transition temperature to a drawn yarn having a denier of at least 250 and an elongation between 10 and 45%.
a. producing a spun polyester yarn having an elongation of 55-195% and having sufficient torque-less latent crimp to provide when hot-drawn at 200°C. to an elongation of 30% a bulk of at least 8%, and b. draw-texturing said spun yarn at a tempera-ture above the second order transition temperature to a drawn yarn having a denier of at least 250 and an elongation between 10 and 45%.
2. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said yarn is draw-textured to an elongation between 20 and 35%.
3. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said drawn yarn has a denier of at least 350.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86674578A | 1978-01-03 | 1978-01-03 | |
| US866,745 | 1997-05-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1101648A true CA1101648A (en) | 1981-05-26 |
Family
ID=25348315
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA318,979A Expired CA1101648A (en) | 1978-01-03 | 1979-01-02 | Low-torque textured yarn and process |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5496141A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1101648A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2900027A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2413489A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2011493B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1109938B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0726275B2 (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1995-03-22 | 株式会社クラレ | Carpet pile yarn |
| US7096655B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2006-08-29 | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a singles ring yarn |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1203694A (en) * | 1957-03-26 | 1960-01-20 | British Nylon Spinners Ltd | Manufacturing process of creped yarn based on synthetic linear polymers |
| DE2204526A1 (en) * | 1972-02-01 | 1973-08-23 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MULTI-COMPONENT FIBERS |
| US3956878A (en) * | 1974-09-10 | 1976-05-18 | Fiber Industries, Inc. | High speed texturing |
| JPS5812372B2 (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1983-03-08 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Trilobal polyester |
| JPS5839931B2 (en) * | 1975-04-30 | 1983-09-02 | 帝人株式会社 | Polyester polyester |
| JPS5249324A (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1977-04-20 | Teijin Ltd | Process for poducing crimped polyester flament yarns |
| JPS51130321A (en) * | 1975-05-08 | 1976-11-12 | Teijin Ltd | A process for manufacturing crimped polyester filaments |
-
1978
- 1978-12-28 JP JP16600078A patent/JPS5496141A/en active Pending
-
1979
- 1979-01-02 IT IT19010/79A patent/IT1109938B/en active
- 1979-01-02 GB GB7935A patent/GB2011493B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-02 FR FR7900053A patent/FR2413489A1/en active Granted
- 1979-01-02 CA CA318,979A patent/CA1101648A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-02 DE DE19792900027 patent/DE2900027A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7919010A0 (en) | 1979-01-02 |
| FR2413489B1 (en) | 1982-12-17 |
| FR2413489A1 (en) | 1979-07-27 |
| IT1109938B (en) | 1985-12-23 |
| JPS5496141A (en) | 1979-07-30 |
| GB2011493B (en) | 1982-06-09 |
| DE2900027A1 (en) | 1979-07-12 |
| GB2011493A (en) | 1979-07-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |