CA1100380A - Detergent compositions - Google Patents
Detergent compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1100380A CA1100380A CA288,243A CA288243A CA1100380A CA 1100380 A CA1100380 A CA 1100380A CA 288243 A CA288243 A CA 288243A CA 1100380 A CA1100380 A CA 1100380A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sas
- aos
- olefins
- type
- lcf
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A detergent composition comprising (a) from 5 to 95 of a low crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphate derived from C10 to C18 olefins, and (b) from 95 to 5 %w of a C10 to C17 alpha-olefin sulphonate, the percentages being based on the total weight of (a) and (b).
A detergent composition comprising (a) from 5 to 95 of a low crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphate derived from C10 to C18 olefins, and (b) from 95 to 5 %w of a C10 to C17 alpha-olefin sulphonate, the percentages being based on the total weight of (a) and (b).
Description
110~380 The invention is concerned with detergent compositions.
British Patent 1,538,747 iS concerned with detergent compositions based on low crystalline fraction secondary al~yl sulphates derived from C10 to C18 olefins (hereinafter referred to as LCF SAS). Other components of the detergent compositions disclosed therein are alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxy sul-phates and water.
Another known component of various detergent compositions are alpha-olefin sulphonates (hereinafter referred to as AOS).
One problem of AOS is that they have high clear points and low viscositiesj this applies in particular to high active-matter (a.m.) concentrates thereof i.e. aqueous compositions comprising 20 to 50% a.m.. It is known to blend AOS with alkyl sulphates such as alcohol-derived sulphates e.g. Na lauryl sulphates (see British Patents Nos. 1,194,862 and 1,195,903 and Netherlands Patent Specification No. 7,306,270). However such blends also have high clear points and low viscosities. It has also been proposed, but not exemplified, in British Patent 1,055,709 to add secondary alkyl sulphates to compositions comprising AOS
20 and olefin disulphonates. This specification does not dis-tinguish between LCF SAS and high crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphates (hereinafter referred to as HCF SAS).
The Applicants have now found that blends of AOS, in particular of AOS having not more than 17 carbon atoms, and LCF SAS have low clear points and high viscosities. This finding does not apply to similar blends containing HCF SAS
instead
British Patent 1,538,747 iS concerned with detergent compositions based on low crystalline fraction secondary al~yl sulphates derived from C10 to C18 olefins (hereinafter referred to as LCF SAS). Other components of the detergent compositions disclosed therein are alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxy sul-phates and water.
Another known component of various detergent compositions are alpha-olefin sulphonates (hereinafter referred to as AOS).
One problem of AOS is that they have high clear points and low viscositiesj this applies in particular to high active-matter (a.m.) concentrates thereof i.e. aqueous compositions comprising 20 to 50% a.m.. It is known to blend AOS with alkyl sulphates such as alcohol-derived sulphates e.g. Na lauryl sulphates (see British Patents Nos. 1,194,862 and 1,195,903 and Netherlands Patent Specification No. 7,306,270). However such blends also have high clear points and low viscosities. It has also been proposed, but not exemplified, in British Patent 1,055,709 to add secondary alkyl sulphates to compositions comprising AOS
20 and olefin disulphonates. This specification does not dis-tinguish between LCF SAS and high crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphates (hereinafter referred to as HCF SAS).
The Applicants have now found that blends of AOS, in particular of AOS having not more than 17 carbon atoms, and LCF SAS have low clear points and high viscosities. This finding does not apply to similar blends containing HCF SAS
instead
- 2 - .
of LCF SAS or blends containing AOS having more than 18 carbon atoms.
Accordingly, the present invention is concerned with a detergent composition comprising (a) from 5 to 95 %w of a low crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphate derived from C10 to C18 olefins, and (b) from 95 to 5 %w of a C10 to C17 alpha-olefin sulphonate, the percentages being based on the total weight of (a) and (b).
As is explained in British Patent 1,538,747, the essen-tial difference between LCF SAS and HCF SAS is the way in which the sulphate groups thereof are distributed. Although there is no sudden transition point between LCF and HCF SAS, in general secondary alkyl sulphates having less than 80%, partic-ularly less than 70% of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains can be regarded as LCF SAS
whereas secondary alkyl sulphates having more than 80%, partic-ularly more than 85%, of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms can be regarded as HCF SAS. Another useful practi-cal distinction insofar as secondary alkyl sulphates prepared from alpha-olefins are concerned are the reaction conditions under which the SAS are prepared. It is possible to prepare from alpha-olefins, by using low reaction temperatures, such as temperatures of below 15C, e.g. between -5C and 5C, and/or low residence times such as times of below 10 .." .~
~10{~380 minutes, e.g. of from 4 to 8 minutes, HCF SAS in which the sulphate groups are predominantly, i.e. more than 80p, on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains. It is also possible to prepare from alpha-olefins, by using higher reaction temperatures such as temperatures above 15C, e.g.
between 25 and 35C, and/or high residence times such as times above 10 minutes, e.g. from 10 to 15 minutes, LCF SAS in which the sulphate groups are more randomly, i.e. less than 80% of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms, distributed over the alkyl chains. Insofar as secondary alkyl sulphates prepared from internal olefins are concerned these are also LCF SAS irrespectively of the conditions under which they are prepared. Another useful distinction between LCF and HCF SAS is the Kraft point of the product.
For a given carbon chain length the Kraft point will give information about the 2- and 3-isomer content; low Kraft points indicating LCF SAS. For example, the Kraft point of a 30g active matter aqueous solution of C14 to C15 LCF SAS
(sodium salts) is 18C whereas the Kraft point of a 30~
active matter aqueous solution of C14 to C15 H5F SAS (sodium salts) is 35C.
Suitably the LCF SAS component of the composition is the form of a metal, ammonium or amine salt. Suitable ~etal salts are alkaline- or alkali-metal salts e.g. potassium or sodium salts. These are formed from the reaction products of the olefins and H2S04, i.e. secondary alkyl sulphuric acids, by known methods e.g. neutralization with KOH or NaOH.
_ 5 _ 1100380 The LCF SAS may be derived from mono-olefin cuts or mixtures of olefins; preferably the olefins are linear.
The olefins may be internal- or alpha-olefins. Suitable mixtures of olefins are mixtures of C13 and C14 internal olefins or C14 and C15 alpha-olefins. In general olefins in the range of C12to C17~ particularly C13 to C16~ are preferred.
The term "alpha-olefin sulphonates" (AOS) as used herein means the product obtained by the sulphonation of alpha-ole-fins, followed by the neutralization and hydrolysis of theacidic sulphonation product. The hydrolysed product principally consists of alkene-1-sulphonates, hydroxyalkane sulphonates (produced by the hydrolysis of sultones which are formed during the sulphonation), and smaller amounts of by-products such as alkane disulphonates, unreacted olefins etc. The olefins are sulphonated by S03 which may be liquid or gaseous and, is usually, but not necessarily diluted with inert diluents, for example by liquid S02, chlorinated hydrocarbons etc. when used in the liquid form, or by air, nitrogen, gaseous S02, when used in the gaseous form. The sulphonates are prepared usually in the form of an alkaline- or alkali-metal, e.g. Na, K, ammonium or amine salt. Particularly preference is given to the salts of C14 and/or C16 AOS. It has been found that the advantages of the present invention are lost if the AOS contains an ~5 appreciable amount of C18 AOS. However, small amounts of AOS
having carbon chain lengths above C17 or below C10 may be present in the composition of the present invention but these amounts should not exceed 10 %w based on the total weight of AOS.
110~380 Preferred compositions of the present invention comprise from 20 to 80 %w of LCF SAS and from 80 to 20 %w of AOS. Most preferred compositions comprise from 30 to 70 %w of LCF SAS and from 70 to 30 %w of AOS.
The compositions of the present invention may comprise one or more components in addition to LCF SAS and AOS. Such addi-tional components include detergents such as non-ionic, anionic or ampholytic detergents. However components such as olefin sulphonates need not be present. Such additional detergents may be present in an amount of from 30 to 120 ~Ow, based on the weight of AOS and SAS. A particularly preferred additional detergent are C10 to C20 alcohol ethoxy sulphates such as those prepared by reacting C10 to C20 alcohols with from 1 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide, followed by sulphation and neutraliztion of the alcohol ethoxylate so prepared. Such sulphates are usually in the form of a metal, e.g. sodium or potassium, ammonium or amine salts.
Other additional components include ammonium and metal inorganic salts such as NH4Cl, NaCl, MgS04 and Na2S04. Such salts may be present in an amount of from 5 to 30 ~Ow, based on the active-matter, of the composition. Solubilizers, which are not regarded as active-matter, may also be present in the composi-tions. Suitable solubilizers include alcohols, e.g. ethanol, or alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, e.g. sodium, potassium or magnesium, xylene and toluene sulphonates and suitable amounts are from 1 to 15 %w, based on the active-matter of the composition.
~' Further additional components include builders, sequester-ing agents, optical whitening agents, enzymes, perfumes and foam promotors such as fatty acid alkanol amides.
The compositions of the present invention may be used as liquid detergents, e.g. aqueous detergents comprising from 10 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50% active-matter, or they may be used in the form of powders, produced, for example, by spray drying aqueous solutions or dispersions of the compositions.
The invention will now be illustrated by reference to the following Examples.
EXAMPLES
The types of secondary alkyl sulphates used in these Examples were as follows:-Type (a):-LCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C13 and C14(1:1) internal olefins and conc.H2S04 using a reaction temperature of 30 C and a residence time of 12 min-utes. About 60% of the sulphate groups were posi-tioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 1 to 9 and 29 to 31).
Type (b):-LCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C14 and C15(2:3) alpha-olefins and conc. H2S04 using a reaction tem-perature of 30 C and a residence time of 12 minutes.
Again about 60% of the sulphate groups were posi-tioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 10 to 14 and 21 to 23).
11003~0 Type (c):-HCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C14 and C15 (2:3) alpha-olefins and conc. H2S04 using a reaction tem-perature of O C and a residence time of 6 minutes.
More than 80% of the sulphate groups were positioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 15 to 20).
In all cases the sodium salts were used.
The types of AOS used in these Examples were as follows.
Type (a):-sodium C14/C16 (2:1) AOS (Examples 1 to 20, 24 to 31) Type (b):-sodium C16/C18 (2:1) AOS (Examples 21 to 23).
The type of primary alkyl sulphate (PAS) used in Examples 24 to 28 was sodium C12/C13 (2:3) alcohol sulphate-The type of alcohol ethoxy sulphate (EOS) used in Exam-ples 29 to 31 was sodium C12 to C15 alcohol ethoxy (average 3 moles of EO/mole of alcohol) sulphate.
The type of solubilizer (NaXS) used in Example 31 was sodium xylene sulphonate.
A salt, NH4Cl, was used in Examples 30 and 31.
EXAMPLES 1 to 9 Aqueous compositions comprising 30% a.m. of LCF SAS of type(a) and AOS of type(a) were prepared and the viscosities and clear points of the compositions determined. The results are given in Table I along with the results obtained using the LCF SAS alone and the AOS alone.
.~
` 110(~380 Table I
Example SAS/AOS wt. ratiosViscosity Clear Point (30% a.m.)(cSt at (C) SAS AOS 20C ) type(a) type(a) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 100 - 200 +14 1 90 10 300 +13 2 ôO 20 430 + 9
of LCF SAS or blends containing AOS having more than 18 carbon atoms.
Accordingly, the present invention is concerned with a detergent composition comprising (a) from 5 to 95 %w of a low crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphate derived from C10 to C18 olefins, and (b) from 95 to 5 %w of a C10 to C17 alpha-olefin sulphonate, the percentages being based on the total weight of (a) and (b).
As is explained in British Patent 1,538,747, the essen-tial difference between LCF SAS and HCF SAS is the way in which the sulphate groups thereof are distributed. Although there is no sudden transition point between LCF and HCF SAS, in general secondary alkyl sulphates having less than 80%, partic-ularly less than 70% of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains can be regarded as LCF SAS
whereas secondary alkyl sulphates having more than 80%, partic-ularly more than 85%, of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms can be regarded as HCF SAS. Another useful practi-cal distinction insofar as secondary alkyl sulphates prepared from alpha-olefins are concerned are the reaction conditions under which the SAS are prepared. It is possible to prepare from alpha-olefins, by using low reaction temperatures, such as temperatures of below 15C, e.g. between -5C and 5C, and/or low residence times such as times of below 10 .." .~
~10{~380 minutes, e.g. of from 4 to 8 minutes, HCF SAS in which the sulphate groups are predominantly, i.e. more than 80p, on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains. It is also possible to prepare from alpha-olefins, by using higher reaction temperatures such as temperatures above 15C, e.g.
between 25 and 35C, and/or high residence times such as times above 10 minutes, e.g. from 10 to 15 minutes, LCF SAS in which the sulphate groups are more randomly, i.e. less than 80% of its sulphate groups on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms, distributed over the alkyl chains. Insofar as secondary alkyl sulphates prepared from internal olefins are concerned these are also LCF SAS irrespectively of the conditions under which they are prepared. Another useful distinction between LCF and HCF SAS is the Kraft point of the product.
For a given carbon chain length the Kraft point will give information about the 2- and 3-isomer content; low Kraft points indicating LCF SAS. For example, the Kraft point of a 30g active matter aqueous solution of C14 to C15 LCF SAS
(sodium salts) is 18C whereas the Kraft point of a 30~
active matter aqueous solution of C14 to C15 H5F SAS (sodium salts) is 35C.
Suitably the LCF SAS component of the composition is the form of a metal, ammonium or amine salt. Suitable ~etal salts are alkaline- or alkali-metal salts e.g. potassium or sodium salts. These are formed from the reaction products of the olefins and H2S04, i.e. secondary alkyl sulphuric acids, by known methods e.g. neutralization with KOH or NaOH.
_ 5 _ 1100380 The LCF SAS may be derived from mono-olefin cuts or mixtures of olefins; preferably the olefins are linear.
The olefins may be internal- or alpha-olefins. Suitable mixtures of olefins are mixtures of C13 and C14 internal olefins or C14 and C15 alpha-olefins. In general olefins in the range of C12to C17~ particularly C13 to C16~ are preferred.
The term "alpha-olefin sulphonates" (AOS) as used herein means the product obtained by the sulphonation of alpha-ole-fins, followed by the neutralization and hydrolysis of theacidic sulphonation product. The hydrolysed product principally consists of alkene-1-sulphonates, hydroxyalkane sulphonates (produced by the hydrolysis of sultones which are formed during the sulphonation), and smaller amounts of by-products such as alkane disulphonates, unreacted olefins etc. The olefins are sulphonated by S03 which may be liquid or gaseous and, is usually, but not necessarily diluted with inert diluents, for example by liquid S02, chlorinated hydrocarbons etc. when used in the liquid form, or by air, nitrogen, gaseous S02, when used in the gaseous form. The sulphonates are prepared usually in the form of an alkaline- or alkali-metal, e.g. Na, K, ammonium or amine salt. Particularly preference is given to the salts of C14 and/or C16 AOS. It has been found that the advantages of the present invention are lost if the AOS contains an ~5 appreciable amount of C18 AOS. However, small amounts of AOS
having carbon chain lengths above C17 or below C10 may be present in the composition of the present invention but these amounts should not exceed 10 %w based on the total weight of AOS.
110~380 Preferred compositions of the present invention comprise from 20 to 80 %w of LCF SAS and from 80 to 20 %w of AOS. Most preferred compositions comprise from 30 to 70 %w of LCF SAS and from 70 to 30 %w of AOS.
The compositions of the present invention may comprise one or more components in addition to LCF SAS and AOS. Such addi-tional components include detergents such as non-ionic, anionic or ampholytic detergents. However components such as olefin sulphonates need not be present. Such additional detergents may be present in an amount of from 30 to 120 ~Ow, based on the weight of AOS and SAS. A particularly preferred additional detergent are C10 to C20 alcohol ethoxy sulphates such as those prepared by reacting C10 to C20 alcohols with from 1 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide, followed by sulphation and neutraliztion of the alcohol ethoxylate so prepared. Such sulphates are usually in the form of a metal, e.g. sodium or potassium, ammonium or amine salts.
Other additional components include ammonium and metal inorganic salts such as NH4Cl, NaCl, MgS04 and Na2S04. Such salts may be present in an amount of from 5 to 30 ~Ow, based on the active-matter, of the composition. Solubilizers, which are not regarded as active-matter, may also be present in the composi-tions. Suitable solubilizers include alcohols, e.g. ethanol, or alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, e.g. sodium, potassium or magnesium, xylene and toluene sulphonates and suitable amounts are from 1 to 15 %w, based on the active-matter of the composition.
~' Further additional components include builders, sequester-ing agents, optical whitening agents, enzymes, perfumes and foam promotors such as fatty acid alkanol amides.
The compositions of the present invention may be used as liquid detergents, e.g. aqueous detergents comprising from 10 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50% active-matter, or they may be used in the form of powders, produced, for example, by spray drying aqueous solutions or dispersions of the compositions.
The invention will now be illustrated by reference to the following Examples.
EXAMPLES
The types of secondary alkyl sulphates used in these Examples were as follows:-Type (a):-LCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C13 and C14(1:1) internal olefins and conc.H2S04 using a reaction temperature of 30 C and a residence time of 12 min-utes. About 60% of the sulphate groups were posi-tioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 1 to 9 and 29 to 31).
Type (b):-LCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C14 and C15(2:3) alpha-olefins and conc. H2S04 using a reaction tem-perature of 30 C and a residence time of 12 minutes.
Again about 60% of the sulphate groups were posi-tioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 10 to 14 and 21 to 23).
11003~0 Type (c):-HCF SAS prepared from a mixture of C14 and C15 (2:3) alpha-olefins and conc. H2S04 using a reaction tem-perature of O C and a residence time of 6 minutes.
More than 80% of the sulphate groups were positioned on the 2- and 3-carbon atoms of the alkyl chains (Examples 15 to 20).
In all cases the sodium salts were used.
The types of AOS used in these Examples were as follows.
Type (a):-sodium C14/C16 (2:1) AOS (Examples 1 to 20, 24 to 31) Type (b):-sodium C16/C18 (2:1) AOS (Examples 21 to 23).
The type of primary alkyl sulphate (PAS) used in Examples 24 to 28 was sodium C12/C13 (2:3) alcohol sulphate-The type of alcohol ethoxy sulphate (EOS) used in Exam-ples 29 to 31 was sodium C12 to C15 alcohol ethoxy (average 3 moles of EO/mole of alcohol) sulphate.
The type of solubilizer (NaXS) used in Example 31 was sodium xylene sulphonate.
A salt, NH4Cl, was used in Examples 30 and 31.
EXAMPLES 1 to 9 Aqueous compositions comprising 30% a.m. of LCF SAS of type(a) and AOS of type(a) were prepared and the viscosities and clear points of the compositions determined. The results are given in Table I along with the results obtained using the LCF SAS alone and the AOS alone.
.~
` 110(~380 Table I
Example SAS/AOS wt. ratiosViscosity Clear Point (30% a.m.)(cSt at (C) SAS AOS 20C ) type(a) type(a) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 100 - 200 +14 1 90 10 300 +13 2 ôO 20 430 + 9
3 70 30 550 + 2
4 60 40 570 zero 460 -0.5 6 40 60 270 zero 7 30 70 120 + 1 8 20 80 51 + 5 9 10 90 23 + 8.5 - 100 12 + 10 _ EXAMPLES 10 to 23 Aqueous compositions comprising 30% a.m. of LCF SAS of type(b) or HCF SAS of type(c) and AOS of type(a) or of type(b) were prepared and the clear points of the compositions deter-mined. The results obtained are given in Table II along with the results obtained using the components alone.
1 o - 11003~0 Table II
Example SAS~AOS wt ratio (30% a m ) (C) SAS type AOS type ___________ ______________ (b) (c) (a) (b) _______ _____ _____ ______ _______ ___________ -100 - _ _ +17 1090 - 10 - +17 1250 - 50 - + 3 1330 - 70 - + 5.5 1410 - 90 - 9.5 --100 -- +10 - -100 _ _ 35 -70 30 - +27 16 -50 50 - +20 17 _40 60 - +11 18 -30 70 - +11 19 -20 80 - +11 -10 90 - +10.5 100 -- +10 -100 - _ _ +17 2170 - - 30 +17 2250 - - 50 +28 2330 - - 70 ~ +30 _ __ - 100 ~ +30 _==========================================
1 1 - 110~380 From the results of Table II it can be seen that the advantages of the compositions of the present invention (Exam-ples 10 to 14) are not obtained if the LCF SAS of type (b) is replaced by HCF SAS of type(c), (Examples 15 to 20) or if the AOS of type (a) (C14/C16 AOS) is replaced by AOS containing an appreciable amount of C18 AOS (AOS of type (b), Examples 21 to 23).
EXAMPLES 24 to 28 For comparative purposes aqueous compositions comprising 30% a.m. of PAS and AOS of type(a) were prepared and the visco-sities and clear points of the compositions determined. The results are given in Table III along with the results obtained using PAS or AOS of type (a) alone.
Table III
Example PAS/AOS wt ratio Viscosit~ Clear (30% a.m.) cSt at 2~C Pgint PAS AOS C
type(a) _______ ______ _________ ___________ ______ -100 - semi-solid +24 24 50 50 140 +24 69 + 9.5 26 30 70 39 +10 27 20 80 24 +11 28 10 90 16 +11 - - 100 12 +10 ===============================================
~100380 EXAMPLES 29 to 31 Further compositions of the invention were prepared using in addition of LCF SAS of type(a) and AOS of type(a) various amounts of EOS, NaXS and/or NH4Cl. The viscosities and clear points of the compositions were determined and the results given in Table IV.
Table IV
Example SAS/AOS/EOS wt. ratio NaXS NH4Cl Viscosity Clear (30% a.m.) %w on a.m. (cSt at Point SAS AOS EOS 20C) (C) type(a) type(a) 29 35 35 30 - - 730 zero _ ~.
1 o - 11003~0 Table II
Example SAS~AOS wt ratio (30% a m ) (C) SAS type AOS type ___________ ______________ (b) (c) (a) (b) _______ _____ _____ ______ _______ ___________ -100 - _ _ +17 1090 - 10 - +17 1250 - 50 - + 3 1330 - 70 - + 5.5 1410 - 90 - 9.5 --100 -- +10 - -100 _ _ 35 -70 30 - +27 16 -50 50 - +20 17 _40 60 - +11 18 -30 70 - +11 19 -20 80 - +11 -10 90 - +10.5 100 -- +10 -100 - _ _ +17 2170 - - 30 +17 2250 - - 50 +28 2330 - - 70 ~ +30 _ __ - 100 ~ +30 _==========================================
1 1 - 110~380 From the results of Table II it can be seen that the advantages of the compositions of the present invention (Exam-ples 10 to 14) are not obtained if the LCF SAS of type (b) is replaced by HCF SAS of type(c), (Examples 15 to 20) or if the AOS of type (a) (C14/C16 AOS) is replaced by AOS containing an appreciable amount of C18 AOS (AOS of type (b), Examples 21 to 23).
EXAMPLES 24 to 28 For comparative purposes aqueous compositions comprising 30% a.m. of PAS and AOS of type(a) were prepared and the visco-sities and clear points of the compositions determined. The results are given in Table III along with the results obtained using PAS or AOS of type (a) alone.
Table III
Example PAS/AOS wt ratio Viscosit~ Clear (30% a.m.) cSt at 2~C Pgint PAS AOS C
type(a) _______ ______ _________ ___________ ______ -100 - semi-solid +24 24 50 50 140 +24 69 + 9.5 26 30 70 39 +10 27 20 80 24 +11 28 10 90 16 +11 - - 100 12 +10 ===============================================
~100380 EXAMPLES 29 to 31 Further compositions of the invention were prepared using in addition of LCF SAS of type(a) and AOS of type(a) various amounts of EOS, NaXS and/or NH4Cl. The viscosities and clear points of the compositions were determined and the results given in Table IV.
Table IV
Example SAS/AOS/EOS wt. ratio NaXS NH4Cl Viscosity Clear (30% a.m.) %w on a.m. (cSt at Point SAS AOS EOS 20C) (C) type(a) type(a) 29 35 35 30 - - 730 zero _ ~.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A detergent composition comprising (a) from 5 to 95 %w of a low crystalline fraction secondary alkyl sulphate derived from C10 to C18 olefins, and (b) from 95 to 5 %w of a C10 to C17 alpha-olefin sulphonate, the percentages being based on the total weight of (a) and (b).
2. A detergent composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sulphate is derived from C13 to C16 olefins.
3. A detergent composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sulphonate is a C14 and/or C16 alpha-olefin sulphonate.
4. A detergent composition as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the amount of (a) is from 80 to 20 %w and the amount of (b) is from 20 to 80 %w.
5. A detergent composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein a C10 to C20 alcohol ethoxy sulphate is also present.
6. A detergent composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein water is also present in an amount such that the composition comprises from 10 to 60% of active matter.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB48118/76A GB1546127A (en) | 1976-11-18 | 1976-11-18 | Detergent compositions |
| GB48118/76 | 1976-11-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1100380A true CA1100380A (en) | 1981-05-05 |
Family
ID=10447459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA288,243A Expired CA1100380A (en) | 1976-11-18 | 1977-10-06 | Detergent compositions |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6023153B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU512464B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE860893A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1100380A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2751315A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2371509A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1546127A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1087448B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7712606A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7712968L (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU528816B2 (en) * | 1978-02-14 | 1983-05-12 | Unilever Ltd. | Detergent composotions |
| JPS57205500A (en) * | 1981-06-09 | 1982-12-16 | Lion Corp | Fade-resistant color liquid detergent composition |
| JPH0489260A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-03-23 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Contact state detector of metal plate side end part and contact state correcting method |
| US5538672A (en) * | 1991-08-03 | 1996-07-23 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Free-flowing water-containing alkyl sulfate pastes |
| DE4125792A1 (en) * | 1991-08-03 | 1993-02-04 | Henkel Kgaa | FLOWABLE WAESSED ALKYLSULFATE PASTE |
| ATE180273T1 (en) * | 1992-03-10 | 1999-06-15 | Procter & Gamble | HIGHLY ACTIVE SURFACTANT PASTES |
| JPH08509013A (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1996-09-24 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | Secondary (2,3) alkyl sulphate surfactant in mixed surfactant particles |
| EP0693111A1 (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1996-01-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate surfactants in stable enzyme-containing detergent compositions |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1254798B (en) * | 1964-06-26 | 1967-11-23 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Liquid or paste-like detergent concentrates |
-
1976
- 1976-11-18 GB GB48118/76A patent/GB1546127A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-10-06 CA CA288,243A patent/CA1100380A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-14 AU AU29710/77A patent/AU512464B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-16 IT IT29742/77A patent/IT1087448B/en active
- 1977-11-16 NL NL7712606A patent/NL7712606A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-11-16 JP JP52136775A patent/JPS6023153B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-16 DE DE19772751315 patent/DE2751315A1/en active Granted
- 1977-11-16 SE SE7712968A patent/SE7712968L/en unknown
- 1977-11-16 FR FR7734455A patent/FR2371509A1/en active Granted
- 1977-11-17 BE BE1008523A patent/BE860893A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2371509B1 (en) | 1979-04-27 |
| IT1087448B (en) | 1985-06-04 |
| BE860893A (en) | 1978-05-17 |
| JPS5364210A (en) | 1978-06-08 |
| NL7712606A (en) | 1978-05-22 |
| JPS6023153B2 (en) | 1985-06-06 |
| SE7712968L (en) | 1978-05-20 |
| AU2971077A (en) | 1979-04-26 |
| AU512464B2 (en) | 1980-10-09 |
| DE2751315C2 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| DE2751315A1 (en) | 1978-05-24 |
| GB1546127A (en) | 1979-05-16 |
| FR2371509A1 (en) | 1978-06-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |