CA1100097A - Dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzers - Google Patents
Dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1100097A CA1100097A CA306,332A CA306332A CA1100097A CA 1100097 A CA1100097 A CA 1100097A CA 306332 A CA306332 A CA 306332A CA 1100097 A CA1100097 A CA 1100097A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyzers
- anode assemblies
- current supply
- adjacent
- assemblies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzers arranged longitudinally in a series-con-nected row, comprises at least four anode assemblies dis-posed in each of the spaces between any two adjacent ele-ctrolyzers. Two of the four anode assemblies are associated with one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, while the other two anode assemblies are associated with the other one of the two adjacent electrolyzers. All the four assemblies in each of the spaces between any two adjacent electrolyzers are arranged in the same vertical plane parallel to the lateral walls of the electrolyzers. Such an arrangement of the anode assemblies enables a more uniform distribution of the magnetic field and permits the total length of the elec-trolyzer body and current supply buses to be reduced.
Description
l`he present invention relates to a system of c~ rent supply for aluminium-producing electrolyzers, and more particularly to an arrangement of anode assemblies pro-vidin~ two-sided supply of elec-tri~ current to two adjacent electrolyzers disposed longitudinally in a row.
W~en the electrolyzers are operated at currents equal to or more than 100,000 A, appreciable electromagnetic forces occur w~ich bring about surface bending of the liguid cathode metal and its intensive circulation.
~ he ma~nitude and direction of these adverse effects of electromagnetic forces i~ largely dependent on the arrangement of the current supply system, in particular the anode assemblies.
Magnetic field studies recently carried out both on pilot and production electrolyzers designed for large cur-rents have made it possibl~ to set forth requirements for an aluminium-producing electrolyzer current su~ply system, giYen by :
By(O) = O; ~Y = ~ x _ O; ~ = gBx O
where By is the transverse component of the magnetic field Bx i~ the longitudinal component of the magnetic field, Bz i~ the vertical component of the magnetic field.
In other words, the aforementioned requirement~ boil ~own to the ~ymmetry of ~ne transYerse magnetic field, 110(J1097 the invariabili~y of the values By and Bx along the electro-lyzer axes, and the minimum value of absolute magnitude Bz operati~e in the corners of the elec-~rolyzer, as well as the sy~netry of the vertical ma~netic field with respect to the elec-trolyzer axes.
In aluminium production, it is commo~ practice to arrange electrolyzers in parallel rows. rl'he electrolyzers of each row are connected in series, i.e., the cathode of one electrolyzer is connected to t~e anode of the next- one. Two techniques of supplying current to electrolyzers are known, including one-sided anode curren~ supply and dual or two sided anode cur~ent supply. In the case of one-sided supply, generally a pair of anode assemblies is interposed between two adiacent electrolyzers, tke assemblies being associated only with o~e of the electrolyzers and supplying current to tnis electrolyzer on one ~ide only. ~uch a c~rent suppl~
system is disclosed, for example, in the GDR Patent Specifi-cation No.22,41&. In this system, between any two adjacen~
electrolyzers, there is provided a pair of anode assem~lies arranged in the same vertical plane parallel to the electro-lyzer end faces. Such a current supply arrangement, however, is not applicable to high-power electrolyzers designed for currents exceeding 1009000 ~, since the normal manufacturing process o~ el~ctrolysis is ~ere disturbed on account of a marked asymmetr~ of the magnetic field and a high mar~etic flu~ strength on the current supply side of the electro-lyzer.
In the case of two-sided current supply, it is co~lon to pro~ide four anode assemblies near each of the electro-lyzers, in series withi~ a row, two assemblies being placed at either end.
The known dual curre~t supply s~stem for aluminium-producing electrolyzers (cf. FRG Patent ~o.1,'~5~,664) comprises a plurality of anode assemblies arranged in the spaces between any two adjacent elec-trolyzers and supplying current thereto. ~hus, four assemblies are disposed between two adjacent electrolyzers, two of t~em being associated with one electrolyzer and the other two, with the next electrolyzer. The axes of the assemblies of two adjacent electrolyzers extend in two vertical planes paraliel to the electrolyzer end faces, eac~ of the planes being shifted towards a respective electrolyæer~ Since the pairs of anode assemblies belonging to the front and rear ends of the adja-cent elec~rolyzers, respectively, are di~erently spaced from the transverse axes of these electrolyzers with di~fe-rent currents ~lowing there through, the current-induced magnetic ~ield is asymmetrical with respect to the -transverse planes of the electrolyzers, i.e., the planes crossing the transverse axis of the electrol~zer and normal to the current flow. ~e mag~etic ~ield asymmetry results in a static, or some~imes dynamic, warping of the metal since, in that case, the field is not symmetric with respect to the centre of the electrolyzer either.
Eur-thermore, the arrangement of anode assemblies in two parallel planes increases the length of the current supply buses and, conseguently, the total le~gth of the electrolyzer bodies.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a current supply system for electrolyzers with two-sided anode current supply, such as to ensure the normal manufacturi~g process of aluminium elec-trolysi~ at currents in excess of 100,000 ~.
Another object of the inventio~ is to minImize the adverse e~fects of the magnetic ~ield on the alumi~ium electrolysis process.
~ further object of the invention is to reduce the total length of the current supply buses and electrolyzer bodies by providing a smaller spacing between the electro-l~zer ends faces in the case of two-sided current supply to the anode.
~ it~ this and other o~jects in view, taexe is pro~ided a system for ~Jo-sided current supply to aluminium-producing electrolyzers, comprising groups o~ anode assemblies dis-posed in spaces between the ends faces o-f any two adjacent electrolyzers and supplying current thereto, w~erein, accord-ing to the invention, in sai~ groups of anode assemblies disposed in each space, all of said anode assemblies are arranged in the same vertical plane.
In accordance with a specific embodiment of the invention there is provided, in a dual system of current supply for aluminium-producing electrolyzers arran~ed in series in a row, comprises at least four anode assemblies disposed in each space between any two adjacent electrolyzers, the first pair of said anode assemblies being associated with one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, and the second pair of said anode assemblies being associated with the other one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, an improvement consisting in that all the four of said anode assemblies are disposed in the same vertical plane.
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed des-cription with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic view of a dual current supply system for electro-lyzers, in accordance with the invention.
The drawing is a schematic representation of three electrolyzers 1, 2, 3 positioned in the centre of a row of electrolyzers connected in series, with a two-sided arrange-ment of current supply to the anode. Disposed between the electrolyzers 1 and 2 are anode assemblies 4, 5, 8 and 9, the assemblies 4 and 5 being associated with the electrolyzer
W~en the electrolyzers are operated at currents equal to or more than 100,000 A, appreciable electromagnetic forces occur w~ich bring about surface bending of the liguid cathode metal and its intensive circulation.
~ he ma~nitude and direction of these adverse effects of electromagnetic forces i~ largely dependent on the arrangement of the current supply system, in particular the anode assemblies.
Magnetic field studies recently carried out both on pilot and production electrolyzers designed for large cur-rents have made it possibl~ to set forth requirements for an aluminium-producing electrolyzer current su~ply system, giYen by :
By(O) = O; ~Y = ~ x _ O; ~ = gBx O
where By is the transverse component of the magnetic field Bx i~ the longitudinal component of the magnetic field, Bz i~ the vertical component of the magnetic field.
In other words, the aforementioned requirement~ boil ~own to the ~ymmetry of ~ne transYerse magnetic field, 110(J1097 the invariabili~y of the values By and Bx along the electro-lyzer axes, and the minimum value of absolute magnitude Bz operati~e in the corners of the elec-~rolyzer, as well as the sy~netry of the vertical ma~netic field with respect to the elec-trolyzer axes.
In aluminium production, it is commo~ practice to arrange electrolyzers in parallel rows. rl'he electrolyzers of each row are connected in series, i.e., the cathode of one electrolyzer is connected to t~e anode of the next- one. Two techniques of supplying current to electrolyzers are known, including one-sided anode curren~ supply and dual or two sided anode cur~ent supply. In the case of one-sided supply, generally a pair of anode assemblies is interposed between two adiacent electrolyzers, tke assemblies being associated only with o~e of the electrolyzers and supplying current to tnis electrolyzer on one ~ide only. ~uch a c~rent suppl~
system is disclosed, for example, in the GDR Patent Specifi-cation No.22,41&. In this system, between any two adjacen~
electrolyzers, there is provided a pair of anode assem~lies arranged in the same vertical plane parallel to the electro-lyzer end faces. Such a current supply arrangement, however, is not applicable to high-power electrolyzers designed for currents exceeding 1009000 ~, since the normal manufacturing process o~ el~ctrolysis is ~ere disturbed on account of a marked asymmetr~ of the magnetic field and a high mar~etic flu~ strength on the current supply side of the electro-lyzer.
In the case of two-sided current supply, it is co~lon to pro~ide four anode assemblies near each of the electro-lyzers, in series withi~ a row, two assemblies being placed at either end.
The known dual curre~t supply s~stem for aluminium-producing electrolyzers (cf. FRG Patent ~o.1,'~5~,664) comprises a plurality of anode assemblies arranged in the spaces between any two adjacent elec-trolyzers and supplying current thereto. ~hus, four assemblies are disposed between two adjacent electrolyzers, two of t~em being associated with one electrolyzer and the other two, with the next electrolyzer. The axes of the assemblies of two adjacent electrolyzers extend in two vertical planes paraliel to the electrolyzer end faces, eac~ of the planes being shifted towards a respective electrolyæer~ Since the pairs of anode assemblies belonging to the front and rear ends of the adja-cent elec~rolyzers, respectively, are di~erently spaced from the transverse axes of these electrolyzers with di~fe-rent currents ~lowing there through, the current-induced magnetic ~ield is asymmetrical with respect to the -transverse planes of the electrolyzers, i.e., the planes crossing the transverse axis of the electrol~zer and normal to the current flow. ~e mag~etic ~ield asymmetry results in a static, or some~imes dynamic, warping of the metal since, in that case, the field is not symmetric with respect to the centre of the electrolyzer either.
Eur-thermore, the arrangement of anode assemblies in two parallel planes increases the length of the current supply buses and, conseguently, the total le~gth of the electrolyzer bodies.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a current supply system for electrolyzers with two-sided anode current supply, such as to ensure the normal manufacturi~g process of aluminium elec-trolysi~ at currents in excess of 100,000 ~.
Another object of the inventio~ is to minImize the adverse e~fects of the magnetic ~ield on the alumi~ium electrolysis process.
~ further object of the invention is to reduce the total length of the current supply buses and electrolyzer bodies by providing a smaller spacing between the electro-l~zer ends faces in the case of two-sided current supply to the anode.
~ it~ this and other o~jects in view, taexe is pro~ided a system for ~Jo-sided current supply to aluminium-producing electrolyzers, comprising groups o~ anode assemblies dis-posed in spaces between the ends faces o-f any two adjacent electrolyzers and supplying current thereto, w~erein, accord-ing to the invention, in sai~ groups of anode assemblies disposed in each space, all of said anode assemblies are arranged in the same vertical plane.
In accordance with a specific embodiment of the invention there is provided, in a dual system of current supply for aluminium-producing electrolyzers arran~ed in series in a row, comprises at least four anode assemblies disposed in each space between any two adjacent electrolyzers, the first pair of said anode assemblies being associated with one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, and the second pair of said anode assemblies being associated with the other one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, an improvement consisting in that all the four of said anode assemblies are disposed in the same vertical plane.
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed des-cription with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic view of a dual current supply system for electro-lyzers, in accordance with the invention.
The drawing is a schematic representation of three electrolyzers 1, 2, 3 positioned in the centre of a row of electrolyzers connected in series, with a two-sided arrange-ment of current supply to the anode. Disposed between the electrolyzers 1 and 2 are anode assemblies 4, 5, 8 and 9, the assemblies 4 and 5 being associated with the electrolyzer
2, and the assemblies 8 and 9 with the electrolyzer 1. Dis-posed between the electrolyzers 2 and 3 are anode assemblies 6, 7, 10 and 11, the assemblies 6 and 7 being associated with the electrolyzer 2, and the assemblies 10 and 11 with the electrolyzer 3.
As can be seen from the drawing, in each of the spaces between two adjacent electrolyzers, all the four anode assemblies, two of which are associated with one electrolyzer, while the oth~r two with the adjacent one, are arranged in the same vertical plane.
Such an arrangement of the anode assemblies provides ~or a uniform distribution of the ma netic field due to currents of e~ual intensity at either end of the electro-lyzer.
In addition, ~uch an arrangement of the anode assemblies permits reduc~ion of the space between any two adjacent electrolyzers by 200 to 600 mm compared to a conventional arrangeme~t of anode assemblies for two-sided current supply where, as has been mentioned above, they are disposed in two vertical planes between the electrolyzers. This reduction o~
spaces between any two adjacent electrolyzers enables the total len~th of the row of elec:trolyzers in ceries to be shortened by 20 to 50 m.
As can be seen from the drawing, in each of the spaces between two adjacent electrolyzers, all the four anode assemblies, two of which are associated with one electrolyzer, while the oth~r two with the adjacent one, are arranged in the same vertical plane.
Such an arrangement of the anode assemblies provides ~or a uniform distribution of the ma netic field due to currents of e~ual intensity at either end of the electro-lyzer.
In addition, ~uch an arrangement of the anode assemblies permits reduc~ion of the space between any two adjacent electrolyzers by 200 to 600 mm compared to a conventional arrangeme~t of anode assemblies for two-sided current supply where, as has been mentioned above, they are disposed in two vertical planes between the electrolyzers. This reduction o~
spaces between any two adjacent electrolyzers enables the total len~th of the row of elec:trolyzers in ceries to be shortened by 20 to 50 m.
Claims
1. In a dual system of current supply for aluminium-producing electrolyzers arranged in series in a row, com-prising at least four anode assemblies disposed in each space between any two adjacent electrolyzers, the first pair of said anode assemblies being associated with one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, and the second pair of said anode assemblies being associated with the other one of the two adjacent electrolyzers, an improvement consisting in that all the four of said anode assemblies are disposed in the same vertical plane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA306,332A CA1100097A (en) | 1978-06-27 | 1978-06-27 | Dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA306,332A CA1100097A (en) | 1978-06-27 | 1978-06-27 | Dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1100097A true CA1100097A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
Family
ID=4111788
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA306,332A Expired CA1100097A (en) | 1978-06-27 | 1978-06-27 | Dual current supply system for aluminium-producing electrolyzers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1100097A (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-06-27 CA CA306,332A patent/CA1100097A/en not_active Expired
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