CA1098900A - Method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin - Google Patents
Method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitinInfo
- Publication number
- CA1098900A CA1098900A CA293,095A CA293095A CA1098900A CA 1098900 A CA1098900 A CA 1098900A CA 293095 A CA293095 A CA 293095A CA 1098900 A CA1098900 A CA 1098900A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- krill
- lipids
- chitin
- processing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 55
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940070376 protein Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFWLQNSHRPWKFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tegafur Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(F)=CN1C1OCCC1 WFWLQNSHRPWKFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710201961 Virion infectivity factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021245 dietary protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007983 food acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006920 protein precipitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin comprises emulsification of li-pids by intensively stirring krill in an aqueous medium.
The resultant emulsion of lipids is separated from the krill mass and from the krill mass proteins are extracted at a pH of 10 to 12. The alkaline extract of proteins is separated from chitin integuments and protein is separated therefrom.
The method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin comprises emulsification of li-pids by intensively stirring krill in an aqueous medium.
The resultant emulsion of lipids is separated from the krill mass and from the krill mass proteins are extracted at a pH of 10 to 12. The alkaline extract of proteins is separated from chitin integuments and protein is separated therefrom.
Description
9~
MI~TI~OD FOR TIIE PROCESSIN~; OF KRILL
TO PRODUCE PROTEIN, LIPII~S AND CHITIN
. :-The present invention relates to methods fox the processing of krill to produce protein, lipi'ds and chitin.
Krill is a prospective source of food protein and other practically useful products such as chitin and l:ipids ~Jhich find wide application in different branches of the national economy -- the food industry, textile and paint and varnish industry, in agriculture and medieine.
Known in the art is a method for the production of a proteinaceous nutritive substance from krill residing in comminuting and pressing fresh or frozen and then defrosted krill. The liquid separated during pressing is heated for 10 to 15 minutes at a temperature of 90 to 95C for coagulation of proteins contained therein. The proteinaceous coagulate -~
is separated from the broth by filtration or centrifugation to produce a mass which is used i~ the USSR under a trade name of the Okean protein paste.
A disadvantage of said method for the proeessing of ~ ~
krill is loss of nutritive substanees, partieularly protein, ~ ;
and an insufficiently full utilization of other components of krill. The broth containing a considerable amount of r nutritive substanees is not processed and is poured off. The yield of protein is 35 to 40~. It should be pointed out that the Okean paste is a perishable product and should bè stored only when frozen at a temperature not exceeding -18C for not more than 12 to 14 months.- The thermally denatured protein contained in the Okean paste possesses low funetional properties ~; 3~ (foam-forming and gel-forming properties, a water-holding capacity, etc.) which makes its processing and use difficult.
The cake formed after pressing comprising a portion of the starting 9~3~
proteins, lipicls and chitin integuments can at pLesent be processed and used only as feed meal. ~-Known in the art is a method for the production of a protein concentrate from frozen krill kept at a temperature of -20C comprising defrostation, comminlltion of krill, extraction with isopropanol with subsequent removal of the solvent, and drying under vacuum at 70~C.
Using the present method a proteinaceous concentrate is produced with a content of protein of 710 to 775%, lipids of 0.3%, and chitin of 5.8 to 6.4% (as calculated for dry substance). Said method has the following disadvantages.
The use of organic solvent makes the produc-tion more difficult.
In addition, the solvent itself and the process for the removal thereof may deteriorate the quality of the protein. The protein-aceous concentrate has a comparatively low content of protein and a high chitin content.
It is an object of the present inventlon to develop such a method for the processing of krill which would make it possible to produce protein, lipids and chitin with a high yield and quality.
The method for the processing krill to produce protein, llpids and chitin, according to the invention~ is characterized in comprising emulsification of lipi~s of krill in an aqueous medium; separation of the emulsion o~ lipids ;, .
from the krill mass; alkaline extraction of proteins from the krill mass at a pH of 10 to 12; separation of the protein ~- extract produced from chitin integuments; separation of protein from the protein extract.
The invention makes it possible to obtain a protein product with a content of protein of up to 95% by weig}lt as calculated for dry substance.
According to the invention, the first stage of the :':
9~
processing of krill provides for extrac-tion of lipids. This e~traction of lipids is effec-ted by emulsification using various techniques such as intensive stirring in an apparatus with a s-tirrer, or an ultrasonic method. Used as a medium in which emulsification is conducted is wa-ter or aqueous solutions of salts. To reduce losses of protein in the process of emulsification the pH of the emulsifying medium should be maintained within ~.5 to 5Ø In emulsification lipids are separated with a yield of up to 95~ by wei~ht.
The krill after separation of lipids therefrom is treated with an alkaline solu~ion with a pH of 10 to 12 for extraction of proteins therefrom. A two-phase system is formed comprising an aqueous-alkaline solution containing protein, and a solid residue containing chitin integuments and other insoluble substances. The aqueous-alkaline solution containing protein is separated from the solid residue by filtration or centrifugation. Protein is separated from the resultant aqueous-alkaline solution by various mehtods, for example, ~ by precipitation with alcohol or ultrafiltration, precipitation ; 20 in the isoelectric point, or thermal coagulation. The iso electric precipitation is carried out by food acids at a pH
of 4 to 5. A curdled, easily settling precipitate of protein is formed which is separated and washed with 2 to 5 volumes of water. The washed precipiate is dried~ As a result a product is obtained with a protein content of up to 95~ by weight as calculated for dry substance.
Thus, the proposed method for the processing of krill makes it possible to produce such ~aluable substances as protein, lipids and chi-tin.
The simple technology and the availability of the reactants used make the process commerciall~ profitable.
For a better understanding of the present invention ~r ~98~
e~an,ples are presentcd below.
Example l Tn an apparatus with a capacity of 10 l provided with a stirrer there is placed l kg of krill which is filled with water and stirred at 1,000 rpm for 0.3 hour. The resultant emulsion of lipids is separated from the krill mass bv filtration throuc~h a stainless steel screen having a mesh size of lxl mm. The krill mass is transferred to the vessel with a stirrer lnto which there is added 3 1 of an aqueous solution of NaOH of such a concentra-tion as to reach a pH of the mixture of 10 and stirred for half an hour. ~A~hcr, krill is treated with alkali extraction of proteins talces place. The resultant extract of proteins is separated from the insoluble residue of chitin integuments by filtration through a metal screen with a mesh size of lxl mm and centrifuged at 25,000 rpm for 0.15 hour to remove impurities. To the purified extract of proteins there is added while stirring a 1-mole solution of HC1 to reach a pH
of 4.5, protein being precipitated. The precipitate is left to settle for 3 hours, thereafter it is separated from the liquid, ..
washed with 3 liters of water and dried lyophilically. The protein product obtained in an amount of 50 g is a pale-pink ~ odorless powder, having a moisture content of 10% by weight and ; cGmprising 85o by ~eight of protein-lnd 2~o by weight of lipids.
The residue of krill produced after separation of the extract of proteins is pressed to remove moisture and dried to produce 17 g of chitin integuments.
Example 2 The processing of krill is carried out in the same manner as in E~ample l, except that emulsification of lipids is conducted in a 0.1~ mole aqueous solution of sodium chloride at a pH of 4. 5 . The protein product obtained in an amount of 54 g has a moisture conten~- of 12o and comprises 80%
by weight of protein and 3Q by weight of lipids, and 20 g of ~g89~
chitin intec~um~nts.
E~cllTlples 3 The processing of krill is conducted in the same manner as in Example l, except that emulsification of lipids is carried out for half an hour, and protein is precipitated from the alka].ine extract by adding -thereto a l mole solution of acetic acid. The resultan-t protein precipi-tate is washed ~-with 5 volumes of water to produce 60 g of a protein product :
having a mois-ture content of 8% and comprising 85% by weiyht of pro-tein, S~ by weiyht of lipids and 18 g of chitin integuments.
Example ~ :
The processing of krill is carried out in the same manner as in Example l, except tha-t p:recipitation of protein from the alkaline extract is conducted by addiny thereto a 0.8 mole solution of sulfuric acid. The resultant precipitate : :
of protein is washed with 3 volumes of water to produce 54 g of a protein product having a moisture content of 11% and comprising 80% by weight of protein and 5% by weight of lipids, and 24 g of chitin integuments.
Example 5 The processing of krill is conducted in the same manner as ln Example l, except that emulsification of lipids is conducted in an aqueous solution of salts -- 0.2 mole of NaCl;
0.03 mole of MgCl2; 0.01 mole of MgSO~; and 0~005 mole of CaSO4.
The protein product obtained in an amount of 60 g has a moisture content of 10% and comprises 82% by weight of protein, 4.2% by weight of lipids, and 20 g of chitin integuments.
~ ~9 8~ 3 liquid, washed wi-th 3 liters O:e wa-ter and dried lyophili~
cally. The protein product obtained i~ a~ amount o~ 50 g is a pale-pink odorless powder~ having a moisture content of 10% by weig~lt and comprising 85~o by weight oE protein and 2% by wsight of lipids.
~ he residue o~ ~eicl produced a:eter separation o~
the extract o~ proteins is pre~sed to remove moi~ture and dried to produce 17 g o~ chitin integuments.
E~ample 2 ~ he processing of ~ is carried out in the same man~er as in ~ample 1, e~cept that emulsi:Eication o~
pids is conducted in a Ool~ mole aqueous solution o~ sodium chloride at a p~ o~ 4.5. The protein product obtained in a~ amount o~ 5~ g has a mois-turs content o~ 12% and compris-es 80% by weight of protein and ~% by weight o~ lipids, and 20 g o~ chitin integuments.
E~ample 3 ;
kr ~ he processing of ~ is conducted in the same man~
ner as in Example 1, excep-t that emulsification o~ lipids is carried out ~or hal~ an hour, and protein is precipîta-ted from the alkaline extract by adding ther~-to a 1 mole solution o~ acetio acid. The result-ant protein precipi-tate is washed with 5 volumes o~ water to produce 60 g o~ a pro-tein product having a moisture content of 8% and comprisi~g 87% by weight of pro-tein, 5yO b~ weig~t of lipids and 18 g `~
. ~ ~
', i- ' - , ,, , . , . -- ~ , , . ~ ,.- . , . :, ., : ". ~, ,~ ,. .
:
~7-o~ chitin integuments.
Examplo 4 ~ ~r~l/
a ~he processing o~ is carried out in the same manner as in ~xample 1, excep-t ~hak precipitation of pro-tein ~rom tha alkali~e extract i5 conducted by adding there-to a 0.8 mole solution Oe suleuric acid~ '~he resultant pre~
cipi-tate o~ protein is washed with 3 volurQes o~ water to produce 54 ~ of Q protein product having a moisture co~tent 0~ o and comprlsi~g 80% by weigh-t o~ protein and 5% by ~.
weight O~e lipids~ and 24 g o~ chitln in-teguments, ~xample 5 k~
The processing o~ l~riol is conducted i~ the same man~er as in E~aMple 1, exoept that emulsi~icabIon of li-pids is co~ducted in an a~ueous solution o~ salts -- 0~2 mole of NaClj 0,03 mol~ Oe ~gC12 0.01 mole o~ MgS0~; and 3~005 molç O e caso4 ~
~ h~ protein produc-t obtained in an amount O:e 60 g has a mois-ture content Oe 10% and comprises 82% b~ weight o~ protein, 4.2% by weight of lipids, and 20 g of chitin .integuments.
.
MI~TI~OD FOR TIIE PROCESSIN~; OF KRILL
TO PRODUCE PROTEIN, LIPII~S AND CHITIN
. :-The present invention relates to methods fox the processing of krill to produce protein, lipi'ds and chitin.
Krill is a prospective source of food protein and other practically useful products such as chitin and l:ipids ~Jhich find wide application in different branches of the national economy -- the food industry, textile and paint and varnish industry, in agriculture and medieine.
Known in the art is a method for the production of a proteinaceous nutritive substance from krill residing in comminuting and pressing fresh or frozen and then defrosted krill. The liquid separated during pressing is heated for 10 to 15 minutes at a temperature of 90 to 95C for coagulation of proteins contained therein. The proteinaceous coagulate -~
is separated from the broth by filtration or centrifugation to produce a mass which is used i~ the USSR under a trade name of the Okean protein paste.
A disadvantage of said method for the proeessing of ~ ~
krill is loss of nutritive substanees, partieularly protein, ~ ;
and an insufficiently full utilization of other components of krill. The broth containing a considerable amount of r nutritive substanees is not processed and is poured off. The yield of protein is 35 to 40~. It should be pointed out that the Okean paste is a perishable product and should bè stored only when frozen at a temperature not exceeding -18C for not more than 12 to 14 months.- The thermally denatured protein contained in the Okean paste possesses low funetional properties ~; 3~ (foam-forming and gel-forming properties, a water-holding capacity, etc.) which makes its processing and use difficult.
The cake formed after pressing comprising a portion of the starting 9~3~
proteins, lipicls and chitin integuments can at pLesent be processed and used only as feed meal. ~-Known in the art is a method for the production of a protein concentrate from frozen krill kept at a temperature of -20C comprising defrostation, comminlltion of krill, extraction with isopropanol with subsequent removal of the solvent, and drying under vacuum at 70~C.
Using the present method a proteinaceous concentrate is produced with a content of protein of 710 to 775%, lipids of 0.3%, and chitin of 5.8 to 6.4% (as calculated for dry substance). Said method has the following disadvantages.
The use of organic solvent makes the produc-tion more difficult.
In addition, the solvent itself and the process for the removal thereof may deteriorate the quality of the protein. The protein-aceous concentrate has a comparatively low content of protein and a high chitin content.
It is an object of the present inventlon to develop such a method for the processing of krill which would make it possible to produce protein, lipids and chitin with a high yield and quality.
The method for the processing krill to produce protein, llpids and chitin, according to the invention~ is characterized in comprising emulsification of lipi~s of krill in an aqueous medium; separation of the emulsion o~ lipids ;, .
from the krill mass; alkaline extraction of proteins from the krill mass at a pH of 10 to 12; separation of the protein ~- extract produced from chitin integuments; separation of protein from the protein extract.
The invention makes it possible to obtain a protein product with a content of protein of up to 95% by weig}lt as calculated for dry substance.
According to the invention, the first stage of the :':
9~
processing of krill provides for extrac-tion of lipids. This e~traction of lipids is effec-ted by emulsification using various techniques such as intensive stirring in an apparatus with a s-tirrer, or an ultrasonic method. Used as a medium in which emulsification is conducted is wa-ter or aqueous solutions of salts. To reduce losses of protein in the process of emulsification the pH of the emulsifying medium should be maintained within ~.5 to 5Ø In emulsification lipids are separated with a yield of up to 95~ by wei~ht.
The krill after separation of lipids therefrom is treated with an alkaline solu~ion with a pH of 10 to 12 for extraction of proteins therefrom. A two-phase system is formed comprising an aqueous-alkaline solution containing protein, and a solid residue containing chitin integuments and other insoluble substances. The aqueous-alkaline solution containing protein is separated from the solid residue by filtration or centrifugation. Protein is separated from the resultant aqueous-alkaline solution by various mehtods, for example, ~ by precipitation with alcohol or ultrafiltration, precipitation ; 20 in the isoelectric point, or thermal coagulation. The iso electric precipitation is carried out by food acids at a pH
of 4 to 5. A curdled, easily settling precipitate of protein is formed which is separated and washed with 2 to 5 volumes of water. The washed precipiate is dried~ As a result a product is obtained with a protein content of up to 95~ by weight as calculated for dry substance.
Thus, the proposed method for the processing of krill makes it possible to produce such ~aluable substances as protein, lipids and chi-tin.
The simple technology and the availability of the reactants used make the process commerciall~ profitable.
For a better understanding of the present invention ~r ~98~
e~an,ples are presentcd below.
Example l Tn an apparatus with a capacity of 10 l provided with a stirrer there is placed l kg of krill which is filled with water and stirred at 1,000 rpm for 0.3 hour. The resultant emulsion of lipids is separated from the krill mass bv filtration throuc~h a stainless steel screen having a mesh size of lxl mm. The krill mass is transferred to the vessel with a stirrer lnto which there is added 3 1 of an aqueous solution of NaOH of such a concentra-tion as to reach a pH of the mixture of 10 and stirred for half an hour. ~A~hcr, krill is treated with alkali extraction of proteins talces place. The resultant extract of proteins is separated from the insoluble residue of chitin integuments by filtration through a metal screen with a mesh size of lxl mm and centrifuged at 25,000 rpm for 0.15 hour to remove impurities. To the purified extract of proteins there is added while stirring a 1-mole solution of HC1 to reach a pH
of 4.5, protein being precipitated. The precipitate is left to settle for 3 hours, thereafter it is separated from the liquid, ..
washed with 3 liters of water and dried lyophilically. The protein product obtained in an amount of 50 g is a pale-pink ~ odorless powder, having a moisture content of 10% by weight and ; cGmprising 85o by ~eight of protein-lnd 2~o by weight of lipids.
The residue of krill produced after separation of the extract of proteins is pressed to remove moisture and dried to produce 17 g of chitin integuments.
Example 2 The processing of krill is carried out in the same manner as in E~ample l, except that emulsification of lipids is conducted in a 0.1~ mole aqueous solution of sodium chloride at a pH of 4. 5 . The protein product obtained in an amount of 54 g has a moisture conten~- of 12o and comprises 80%
by weight of protein and 3Q by weight of lipids, and 20 g of ~g89~
chitin intec~um~nts.
E~cllTlples 3 The processing of krill is conducted in the same manner as in Example l, except that emulsification of lipids is carried out for half an hour, and protein is precipitated from the alka].ine extract by adding -thereto a l mole solution of acetic acid. The resultan-t protein precipi-tate is washed ~-with 5 volumes of water to produce 60 g of a protein product :
having a mois-ture content of 8% and comprising 85% by weiyht of pro-tein, S~ by weiyht of lipids and 18 g of chitin integuments.
Example ~ :
The processing of krill is carried out in the same manner as in Example l, except tha-t p:recipitation of protein from the alkaline extract is conducted by addiny thereto a 0.8 mole solution of sulfuric acid. The resultant precipitate : :
of protein is washed with 3 volumes of water to produce 54 g of a protein product having a moisture content of 11% and comprising 80% by weight of protein and 5% by weight of lipids, and 24 g of chitin integuments.
Example 5 The processing of krill is conducted in the same manner as ln Example l, except that emulsification of lipids is conducted in an aqueous solution of salts -- 0.2 mole of NaCl;
0.03 mole of MgCl2; 0.01 mole of MgSO~; and 0~005 mole of CaSO4.
The protein product obtained in an amount of 60 g has a moisture content of 10% and comprises 82% by weight of protein, 4.2% by weight of lipids, and 20 g of chitin integuments.
~ ~9 8~ 3 liquid, washed wi-th 3 liters O:e wa-ter and dried lyophili~
cally. The protein product obtained i~ a~ amount o~ 50 g is a pale-pink odorless powder~ having a moisture content of 10% by weig~lt and comprising 85~o by weight oE protein and 2% by wsight of lipids.
~ he residue o~ ~eicl produced a:eter separation o~
the extract o~ proteins is pre~sed to remove moi~ture and dried to produce 17 g o~ chitin integuments.
E~ample 2 ~ he processing of ~ is carried out in the same man~er as in ~ample 1, e~cept that emulsi:Eication o~
pids is conducted in a Ool~ mole aqueous solution o~ sodium chloride at a p~ o~ 4.5. The protein product obtained in a~ amount o~ 5~ g has a mois-turs content o~ 12% and compris-es 80% by weight of protein and ~% by weight o~ lipids, and 20 g o~ chitin integuments.
E~ample 3 ;
kr ~ he processing of ~ is conducted in the same man~
ner as in Example 1, excep-t that emulsification o~ lipids is carried out ~or hal~ an hour, and protein is precipîta-ted from the alkaline extract by adding ther~-to a 1 mole solution o~ acetio acid. The result-ant protein precipi-tate is washed with 5 volumes o~ water to produce 60 g o~ a pro-tein product having a moisture content of 8% and comprisi~g 87% by weight of pro-tein, 5yO b~ weig~t of lipids and 18 g `~
. ~ ~
', i- ' - , ,, , . , . -- ~ , , . ~ ,.- . , . :, ., : ". ~, ,~ ,. .
:
~7-o~ chitin integuments.
Examplo 4 ~ ~r~l/
a ~he processing o~ is carried out in the same manner as in ~xample 1, excep-t ~hak precipitation of pro-tein ~rom tha alkali~e extract i5 conducted by adding there-to a 0.8 mole solution Oe suleuric acid~ '~he resultant pre~
cipi-tate o~ protein is washed with 3 volurQes o~ water to produce 54 ~ of Q protein product having a moisture co~tent 0~ o and comprlsi~g 80% by weigh-t o~ protein and 5% by ~.
weight O~e lipids~ and 24 g o~ chitln in-teguments, ~xample 5 k~
The processing o~ l~riol is conducted i~ the same man~er as in E~aMple 1, exoept that emulsi~icabIon of li-pids is co~ducted in an a~ueous solution o~ salts -- 0~2 mole of NaClj 0,03 mol~ Oe ~gC12 0.01 mole o~ MgS0~; and 3~005 molç O e caso4 ~
~ h~ protein produc-t obtained in an amount O:e 60 g has a mois-ture content Oe 10% and comprises 82% b~ weight o~ protein, 4.2% by weight of lipids, and 20 g of chitin .integuments.
.
Claims (3)
- THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
l. A method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin which comprises emulsification of lipids of krill in an aqueous medium; separation of the resultant emulsion of lipids from the krill mass; alkaline extraction of proteins from the krill mass at a pH of 10 to 12;
separation of the alkaline extract of proteins from chitin integuments; separation of protein from the alkaline extract. - 2. A method as claimed in claim l, wherein emulsifi-cation is carried out in the presence of mineral salts.
- 3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein emulsifi-cation is carried out at a pH of the medium of 4.5 to 5Ø
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,095A CA1098900A (en) | 1977-12-14 | 1977-12-14 | Method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,095A CA1098900A (en) | 1977-12-14 | 1977-12-14 | Method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1098900A true CA1098900A (en) | 1981-04-07 |
Family
ID=4110290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,095A Expired CA1098900A (en) | 1977-12-14 | 1977-12-14 | Method for the processing of krill to produce protein, lipids and chitin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1098900A (en) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6800299B1 (en) | 1998-10-21 | 2004-10-05 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Method of extracting lipids from marine and aquatic animal tissues |
| WO2007080514A3 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-10-18 | Krill As | A method for the extraction of lipid fractions from krill |
| WO2008060163A1 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-22 | Pronova Biopharma Norge As | Process for production of omega-3 rich marine phospholipids from krill |
| WO2011119011A2 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | 서울대학교 산학협력단 | Lipid emulsion having krill oil as an active ingredient and preparation method therefor |
| US8278351B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2012-10-02 | Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc. | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
| US8372812B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2013-02-12 | Aker Biomarine Asa | Phospholipid and protein tablets |
| US8586567B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2013-11-19 | Acasti Pharma, Inc. | Concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions |
| US8697138B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2014-04-15 | Aker Biomarine As | Methods of using krill oil to treat risk factors for cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders |
| US8829215B2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2014-09-09 | Pronova Biopharma Norge As | Krill oil process |
| US9028877B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-05-12 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| AU2014256341B2 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2016-04-14 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | A new method for making krill meal |
| US9867856B2 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2018-01-16 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Phospholipid compositions and their preparation |
| US10456412B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-10-29 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid extraction processes |
| US10704011B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-07-07 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid extraction processes |
| US10864223B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2020-12-15 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid compositions |
-
1977
- 1977-12-14 CA CA293,095A patent/CA1098900A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6800299B1 (en) | 1998-10-21 | 2004-10-05 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Method of extracting lipids from marine and aquatic animal tissues |
| US8680080B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2014-03-25 | Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc. | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
| US10028968B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2018-07-24 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
| US8278351B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2012-10-02 | Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc. | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
| US8383675B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2013-02-26 | Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc. | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
| WO2007080514A3 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-10-18 | Krill As | A method for the extraction of lipid fractions from krill |
| WO2008060163A1 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-22 | Pronova Biopharma Norge As | Process for production of omega-3 rich marine phospholipids from krill |
| US9320765B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2016-04-26 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9644170B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2017-05-09 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US8697138B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2014-04-15 | Aker Biomarine As | Methods of using krill oil to treat risk factors for cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders |
| US11865143B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2024-01-09 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9028877B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-05-12 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9034388B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-05-19 | Aker Biomarine Antartic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9072752B1 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-07-07 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9078905B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-07-14 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9119864B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-09-01 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9220735B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2015-12-29 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Methods of using krill oil to treat risk factors for cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders |
| US10543237B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2020-01-28 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US10010567B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2018-07-03 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9375453B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2016-06-28 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Methods for producing bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9889163B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2018-02-13 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9644169B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2017-05-09 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9816046B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2017-11-14 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Bioeffective krill oil compositions |
| US9730966B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2017-08-15 | Aker Biomarine Antartic As | Method of reducing appetite in a human subject comprising administering krill oil composition |
| AU2014256341B2 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2016-04-14 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | A new method for making krill meal |
| AU2014256341C1 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2017-08-24 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | A new method for making krill meal |
| US8829215B2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2014-09-09 | Pronova Biopharma Norge As | Krill oil process |
| US8372812B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2013-02-12 | Aker Biomarine Asa | Phospholipid and protein tablets |
| US10130644B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2018-11-20 | Acasti Pharma Inc. | Concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions |
| US9475830B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2016-10-25 | Acasti Pharma Inc. | Concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions |
| US10617702B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2020-04-14 | Acasti Pharma Inc. | Concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions |
| US8586567B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2013-11-19 | Acasti Pharma, Inc. | Concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions |
| WO2011119011A2 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | 서울대학교 산학협력단 | Lipid emulsion having krill oil as an active ingredient and preparation method therefor |
| US10704011B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-07-07 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid extraction processes |
| US11578289B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2023-02-14 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid extraction processes |
| US9867856B2 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2018-01-16 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Phospholipid compositions and their preparation |
| US10456412B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-10-29 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid extraction processes |
| US10864223B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2020-12-15 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid compositions |
| US11819509B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2023-11-21 | Aker Biomarine Antarctic As | Lipid compositions |
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