CA1098350A - Fibre optical cables - Google Patents
Fibre optical cablesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1098350A CA1098350A CA297,448A CA297448A CA1098350A CA 1098350 A CA1098350 A CA 1098350A CA 297448 A CA297448 A CA 297448A CA 1098350 A CA1098350 A CA 1098350A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- flexible
- optical
- filler
- fillers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In a known form of optical cable comprising a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each of at least some of which is loosely housed at least one optical guide comprising at least one optical fibre, the tubes are assembled with at least one separately formed elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible "cushioning" material. The assembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers is surrounded by an outer protective sheath. The tubes may be arranged in one or more than one layer around a central core which may itself be a tube or one or more than one flexible filler. Flexible fillers may also alternate with the tubes in the layer or layers of tubes. The or each filler may be of composite form comprising a core and an outer peripheral layer of "cushioning" material; the core of the composite filler may be a reinforcing member.
In a known form of optical cable comprising a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each of at least some of which is loosely housed at least one optical guide comprising at least one optical fibre, the tubes are assembled with at least one separately formed elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible "cushioning" material. The assembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers is surrounded by an outer protective sheath. The tubes may be arranged in one or more than one layer around a central core which may itself be a tube or one or more than one flexible filler. Flexible fillers may also alternate with the tubes in the layer or layers of tubes. The or each filler may be of composite form comprising a core and an outer peripheral layer of "cushioning" material; the core of the composite filler may be a reinforcing member.
Description
- 2 - 10~8~
Thiq invention relates to optical cableq for the transmi~sion of the ultraviolet, visible and infra-red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which regions for convenience, will hereinafter all be included in the generic term "light", and e~pecially, but not ex-clusively, to optical cables for use in the communication field adapted for trans-mis-qlon of light having a wavelength within the range o.8 to 1.3 micrometreq.
For the purpo~e of transmitting light in an optical transmission ~yQtem it ha3 been proposed to employ optical guides in the form of cableq including one or more than one optical fibre. Each optical fibre ls usually of ~ubqtantially circular cro~s-section but, in qome circumstances, it may be Or clrcular cro~s-section.
Optical cable~ with which the invention i~ concerned include cable~ comprising one or more than one optical fibre of glass or other tranqparent material whose refractive index is arranged to decrea~e over at lea~t a part of the radius of the fibre in a direction towards the outer surface of the fibre and cables including one or more than ons optical fibre o~ composite form c~mprising a core of transparent mater-ial clad throughout its length with another tran~parent material of lower refractive index which, by total internal refraction of light being tranqmltted along th~ fibre, con~ines at least a maJor proportion of the light withi~ the core.
A compo~ite optlcal fibre iq generally, but not necessarily, made up of two glasses of different refractive indiceq, the glass forming the core having a higher refra^tive i~dex than the glass forming the claddlng, the refract~Je index of the glass of the core may gradually decrease in a directior towardq
Thiq invention relates to optical cableq for the transmi~sion of the ultraviolet, visible and infra-red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which regions for convenience, will hereinafter all be included in the generic term "light", and e~pecially, but not ex-clusively, to optical cables for use in the communication field adapted for trans-mis-qlon of light having a wavelength within the range o.8 to 1.3 micrometreq.
For the purpo~e of transmitting light in an optical transmission ~yQtem it ha3 been proposed to employ optical guides in the form of cableq including one or more than one optical fibre. Each optical fibre ls usually of ~ubqtantially circular cro~s-section but, in qome circumstances, it may be Or clrcular cro~s-section.
Optical cable~ with which the invention i~ concerned include cable~ comprising one or more than one optical fibre of glass or other tranqparent material whose refractive index is arranged to decrea~e over at lea~t a part of the radius of the fibre in a direction towards the outer surface of the fibre and cables including one or more than ons optical fibre o~ composite form c~mprising a core of transparent mater-ial clad throughout its length with another tran~parent material of lower refractive index which, by total internal refraction of light being tranqmltted along th~ fibre, con~ines at least a maJor proportion of the light withi~ the core.
A compo~ite optlcal fibre iq generally, but not necessarily, made up of two glasses of different refractive indiceq, the glass forming the core having a higher refra^tive i~dex than the glass forming the claddlng, the refract~Je index of the glass of the core may gradually decrease in a directior towardq
3 ~8350 the outer ourface of the core over at least a part of the dis-tance between the central axis Or the core and its outer surface. In an alternative form of composite fibre the core may be made of a transparent liquid having a higher refractive index than that of the cladding.
me present invention provides an optical cable which by virtue of its con~truction reduce~ the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibres Or the cable if the cable should be stres~ed in such a way as to bend to sub~ect each or any of the optlcal fibres to a tensile force.
According to the invention the optical cable com-prises a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each Or some or all of which is loosely housed at least one optical guide compri~ing at least one optlcal fibre; at least one 3eparately formed flexible elongate ~iller having at least a circumferentially continuou~ layer of compre3sible material; and, surrounding the aosembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers, an outer protective oheath, the compressible material of the or each ~lexible filler being substantially softer than the materlal of the tubes and the radial thicknes~ and compressibility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to ~ub~ect an optical fibre or optical fibre~ to a tensile force, a tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the compreo~ible material of the filler or of at least one c~ the filler~ to ouch an extent as to reduce the strain that weuld otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibreo loo~ely hou~ed therein.
The or each optical guide may be an optical bundle ao hereinafter defined or it may be a separate opt~cal ribre.
835~
By the expression "optical bundle" as used in the specification and claims forming part thereof is meant a group Or optical fibres or a group of fibreQ ~ncluding at least one optical fibre and at least one non-optical reinforc-ing fibre or other reinforcing elongate member- Each optical fibre of the optical bundle may be used independ-ently a~ a ~eparate light guide, each with it~ own modulated light source and detector, or a plurality of optical fibres Or a bundle may be u3ed together as a single light guide, with a single light source.
By virtue of being housed loosely in a tube, limited relative movement between the or each optical bundle and/or the or each ~eparate optical fibre and the tube in which it is loosely housed can take place when the cable iQ fle~ed. The tubes themselve~ may be loo~ely housed in the ~heath thereby permitting limited relative movement between the tubes when the optical cable is fle~ed.
Preferably, the flexible filler or each o~ ~ome or all of the flexlble fillers is made wholly Or compre~ible material but, in some circumstances, it may comprise a core of substantially non-compre~sible material and an outer peri-pheral layer of compre~ible material or a core o~ CompreQs-ible material and an outer peripheral layer of ~ubstantially non-compresQible material.
The compre~sibls material of the flller or fillers may be any material that will be compressed to the required e~tent when a fibre-containing tube or tubeQ moves or move transver~ely with respect of the optical cable, but preferably it comprises cellular plastics material or cellular rubber.
~.0'~8350 Where, in the or a filler of composite form, an outer peripheral layer of cellular plastic~ material or rubber ~urrounds a core, the core may be of ~olid plastic~
material or ~olid rubber bonded to the outer peripheral layer; alternatively the core may be an-elongate rein~orcing member of ~uch a material and of 3uch a crosq-sectional area having regard to the material or materials and cross-~ectional area Or the optical bundle or bundleq and/or of the ~eparate optical fibre or fibre~ that the strain otherwise imparted to the or each optical fibre when the cable is qtressed in such a way aq to tend to cub~ect the or any optical fibre to a tensile force iq reduced at lea~t to a substantial extent by the reinforcing member.
Where the or a filler is of composite form including a corc of cellular plastics material or cellular rubber, pre~erably the outer peripheral layer is of ~olid plastics material or ~olid rubber and i~ bonded to the core.
Where the tubes Or the optical cable are arranged in one or more than one layer around an elongate central core, this core may be con3tituted by one or more than one fle~ible elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continu-ou~ layer of compre~sible material. Where the elongate core conqi~t~ of a single rle~ible filler having at lea~t a circumferentially continuous layer Or compres~ible material, the transver~e cross-~ection of the flller may be Gf a ~hape complementary to the ~hape~ of the tubeq immediately overly-ing the filler. Alternatively, or additionally, flexlble fillers having at leaqt a circumferentially continuouq layer of compressible material may be arranged in the layer or at least one of the layer of tubeq, preferably with the filler~
lQq8350 alternating with the tubes; the tubes and fillers may be arranged with their axes substantially parallel to the axis of the cable or they may extend helically around the elongate central core.
One or more than one of the tubes of the optical cable may have loosely housed in the tube at least one elongate electric conductor. Alter-natively or additionally at least one elongate bare or insulated electric conductor may be assembled with the plurality of tubes, and for example, may constitute an elongate central core around which the tubes are arranged.
The or each optical bundle and/or separate optical fibre may be of a leng~ch substantially greater than that of the tube in which it is loosely housed but preferably the or each bundle and/or separate optical fibre and the tube are of equal or approximately equal lengths.
The invention is further illustrated by a description, by way of example, of two preferred forms of optical cable with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, in which:-Figure 1 is a transverse cross-sectional end view of the first form of optical cable, and Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional end view of the second form of optical cable.
The optical cable shown in Figure 1 comprises six tubes of extruded polyethylene which are arranged helically around a central flexible elongate filler 3 comprising a reinforcing steel wire 4 surrounded by a circumferentially continuous cushioning layer 5 of cellular plastics material. Loose]y housed in each tube 2 are two separate optical fibres 1 whose lengths approximate to the length of the tube in which they are housed. The assembly of filler 3 and tubes 2 is surrounded by an extruded outer protective sheath 6 of polyethylene in sucll a way that they are ]oosely housed in the sheath. When the cable is s~ressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or fibres ~0~8350 1 'tO a tensile force, a tube or tubes 2 can move transversely of the cable to compres~ the cushioning layer 5 to such an e~tent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be ~mparted to the optical fibre or fibres housed in the tube or tubes.
The optical cable shown in Figure 2 comprisss a central fle~ible elongate filler 13 around which are helically lapped three tubes 12 of extruded polyethylene and three flexible elongate fillers 17, each tube being positioned between and in contact with two fillers. The filler 13 comprises a reinforcing steel wire 14 surrounded by a clrcumferentially continuous cushioning layer 15 of cellular plastics material and each filler 17 comprise~ a core 18 of 9 olid plastics material surrounded by a circumferentially continuous cushioning layer 19 of cellular plastics material. In each tube 12 are loo~ely housed two optical fibres 11, each of a length approx-imating to that of the tube in which it is hou~ed. The as~embly of tubes 12 and fillers 13 and 17 i~ enclosed in an ex~ruded outer protective sheath 16 of polyethylene. When the cable is stre~sed in such a way a~ to sub~ect an optical fibre or fibre~
11 to a tensile force, a tube or tubes 12 can move transversely of tha cable to compre~s the cushionin~ layers 15 and 19 to such an extent as to reducs the strain that would otherwi~e be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres housed in the tube or tubes.
me present invention provides an optical cable which by virtue of its con~truction reduce~ the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibres Or the cable if the cable should be stres~ed in such a way as to bend to sub~ect each or any of the optlcal fibres to a tensile force.
According to the invention the optical cable com-prises a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each Or some or all of which is loosely housed at least one optical guide compri~ing at least one optlcal fibre; at least one 3eparately formed flexible elongate ~iller having at least a circumferentially continuou~ layer of compre3sible material; and, surrounding the aosembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers, an outer protective oheath, the compressible material of the or each ~lexible filler being substantially softer than the materlal of the tubes and the radial thicknes~ and compressibility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to ~ub~ect an optical fibre or optical fibre~ to a tensile force, a tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the compreo~ible material of the filler or of at least one c~ the filler~ to ouch an extent as to reduce the strain that weuld otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibreo loo~ely hou~ed therein.
The or each optical guide may be an optical bundle ao hereinafter defined or it may be a separate opt~cal ribre.
835~
By the expression "optical bundle" as used in the specification and claims forming part thereof is meant a group Or optical fibres or a group of fibreQ ~ncluding at least one optical fibre and at least one non-optical reinforc-ing fibre or other reinforcing elongate member- Each optical fibre of the optical bundle may be used independ-ently a~ a ~eparate light guide, each with it~ own modulated light source and detector, or a plurality of optical fibres Or a bundle may be u3ed together as a single light guide, with a single light source.
By virtue of being housed loosely in a tube, limited relative movement between the or each optical bundle and/or the or each ~eparate optical fibre and the tube in which it is loosely housed can take place when the cable iQ fle~ed. The tubes themselve~ may be loo~ely housed in the ~heath thereby permitting limited relative movement between the tubes when the optical cable is fle~ed.
Preferably, the flexible filler or each o~ ~ome or all of the flexlble fillers is made wholly Or compre~ible material but, in some circumstances, it may comprise a core of substantially non-compre~sible material and an outer peri-pheral layer of compre~ible material or a core o~ CompreQs-ible material and an outer peripheral layer of ~ubstantially non-compresQible material.
The compre~sibls material of the flller or fillers may be any material that will be compressed to the required e~tent when a fibre-containing tube or tubeQ moves or move transver~ely with respect of the optical cable, but preferably it comprises cellular plastics material or cellular rubber.
~.0'~8350 Where, in the or a filler of composite form, an outer peripheral layer of cellular plastic~ material or rubber ~urrounds a core, the core may be of ~olid plastic~
material or ~olid rubber bonded to the outer peripheral layer; alternatively the core may be an-elongate rein~orcing member of ~uch a material and of 3uch a crosq-sectional area having regard to the material or materials and cross-~ectional area Or the optical bundle or bundleq and/or of the ~eparate optical fibre or fibre~ that the strain otherwise imparted to the or each optical fibre when the cable is qtressed in such a way aq to tend to cub~ect the or any optical fibre to a tensile force iq reduced at lea~t to a substantial extent by the reinforcing member.
Where the or a filler is of composite form including a corc of cellular plastics material or cellular rubber, pre~erably the outer peripheral layer is of ~olid plastics material or ~olid rubber and i~ bonded to the core.
Where the tubes Or the optical cable are arranged in one or more than one layer around an elongate central core, this core may be con3tituted by one or more than one fle~ible elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continu-ou~ layer of compre~sible material. Where the elongate core conqi~t~ of a single rle~ible filler having at lea~t a circumferentially continuous layer Or compres~ible material, the transver~e cross-~ection of the flller may be Gf a ~hape complementary to the ~hape~ of the tubeq immediately overly-ing the filler. Alternatively, or additionally, flexlble fillers having at leaqt a circumferentially continuouq layer of compressible material may be arranged in the layer or at least one of the layer of tubeq, preferably with the filler~
lQq8350 alternating with the tubes; the tubes and fillers may be arranged with their axes substantially parallel to the axis of the cable or they may extend helically around the elongate central core.
One or more than one of the tubes of the optical cable may have loosely housed in the tube at least one elongate electric conductor. Alter-natively or additionally at least one elongate bare or insulated electric conductor may be assembled with the plurality of tubes, and for example, may constitute an elongate central core around which the tubes are arranged.
The or each optical bundle and/or separate optical fibre may be of a leng~ch substantially greater than that of the tube in which it is loosely housed but preferably the or each bundle and/or separate optical fibre and the tube are of equal or approximately equal lengths.
The invention is further illustrated by a description, by way of example, of two preferred forms of optical cable with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, in which:-Figure 1 is a transverse cross-sectional end view of the first form of optical cable, and Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional end view of the second form of optical cable.
The optical cable shown in Figure 1 comprises six tubes of extruded polyethylene which are arranged helically around a central flexible elongate filler 3 comprising a reinforcing steel wire 4 surrounded by a circumferentially continuous cushioning layer 5 of cellular plastics material. Loose]y housed in each tube 2 are two separate optical fibres 1 whose lengths approximate to the length of the tube in which they are housed. The assembly of filler 3 and tubes 2 is surrounded by an extruded outer protective sheath 6 of polyethylene in sucll a way that they are ]oosely housed in the sheath. When the cable is s~ressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or fibres ~0~8350 1 'tO a tensile force, a tube or tubes 2 can move transversely of the cable to compres~ the cushioning layer 5 to such an e~tent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be ~mparted to the optical fibre or fibres housed in the tube or tubes.
The optical cable shown in Figure 2 comprisss a central fle~ible elongate filler 13 around which are helically lapped three tubes 12 of extruded polyethylene and three flexible elongate fillers 17, each tube being positioned between and in contact with two fillers. The filler 13 comprises a reinforcing steel wire 14 surrounded by a clrcumferentially continuous cushioning layer 15 of cellular plastics material and each filler 17 comprise~ a core 18 of 9 olid plastics material surrounded by a circumferentially continuous cushioning layer 19 of cellular plastics material. In each tube 12 are loo~ely housed two optical fibres 11, each of a length approx-imating to that of the tube in which it is hou~ed. The as~embly of tubes 12 and fillers 13 and 17 i~ enclosed in an ex~ruded outer protective sheath 16 of polyethylene. When the cable is stre~sed in such a way a~ to sub~ect an optical fibre or fibre~
11 to a tensile force, a tube or tubes 12 can move transversely of tha cable to compre~s the cushionin~ layers 15 and 19 to such an extent as to reducs the strain that would otherwi~e be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres housed in the tube or tubes.
Claims (14)
1. An optical cable comprising a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each of at least some of which is or are loosely housed at least one optical guide comprising at least one optical fibre; at least one separately formed flexible elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible material;
and, surrounding the assembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers, an outer protective sheath, the compressible material of the of each flexible filler being substantially softer than material of the tubes and the radial thickness and compressi-bility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or optical fibres to a tensile force, a tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the flexible material of the filler or of at least one of the fillers to such an extent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres loosely housed therein.
and, surrounding the assembly of tubes and flexible filler or fillers, an outer protective sheath, the compressible material of the of each flexible filler being substantially softer than material of the tubes and the radial thickness and compressi-bility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or optical fibres to a tensile force, a tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the flexible material of the filler or of at least one of the fillers to such an extent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres loosely housed therein.
2. An optical cable comprising an elongate central core constituted by at least one flexible elongate filler having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible material; a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material arranged in at least one layer around the central core, each of at least some of which tubes loosely houses at least one optical guide comprising at least one optical fibre; and, surrounding the assembly of flexible filler or fillers and tubes, an outer protective sheath, the compress-ible material of the or each flexible filler being substantially softer than the material of the tubes and the radial thickness and compressibility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or optical fibres to a tensile force, a tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the compressible material of the filler or of at least one of the fillers to such an extent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres loosely housed therein.
3. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 2 in which the central core consists of a single flexible elongate filler, wherein the transverse cross-section Or the filler is of a shape complementary to the shapes of the tubes immediately overlying the filler.
4. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 2, wherein flexible fillers having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible material are arranged in the layer or in at least one of the layers of tubes.
5. An optical cable comprising a plurality of separately formed tubes of rubber or plastics material in each of at least some of which is loosely housed at least one optical guide comprising at least one optical fibre, the tubes being arranged in at least one layer around a central tube; a plurality of separately formed flexible elongate fillers having at least a circumferentially continuous layer of compressible material, the fillers being arranged in the layer or in at least one of the layers of tubes; and, surrounding the assembly of tubes and flexible fillers, an outer protective sheath, the compressible material of each flexible filler being substantially softer than the material of the tubes and the radial thickness and compressibility of the compressible material being such that, when the cable is stressed in such a way as to subject an optical fibre or fibres to a tensile force, the tube or tubes can move transversely of the cable to compress the compressible material of at least one of the fillers to such an extent as to reduce the strain that would otherwise be imparted to the optical fibre or fibres loosely housed therein.
6. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, wherein the flexible fillers in the or each layer of tubes alternate with the tubes.
7. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 2, 4 or 5, wherein the tubes extend helically around the central core or central tube.
8. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the flexible filler or each of at least some of the flexible fillers is made wholly of compressible material.
9. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the flexible filler or each of at least some of the flexible fillers comprises a core of substantially non-compressible material and an outer layer of compressible material.
10. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the flexible filler or each of at least some of the flexible fillers comprises a core of solid plastics material and, bonded to the core, an outer layer of cellular plastics material.
11. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the flexible filler or each of at least some of the flexible fillers comprises a core consisting of an elongate reinforcing member and, surrounding the core, an outer layer of cellular plastics material.
12. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein at least one of the tubes has loosely housed in the tube at least one elongate electric conductor.
13. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein at least one elongate electric conductor is assembled with the plurality of tubes.
14. An optical cable as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the or each optical guide and the tube in which it is loosely housed are of substantially equal lengths.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB757277A GB1572877A (en) | 1977-02-23 | 1977-02-23 | Optical cables |
| GB7572/77 | 1977-02-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1098350A true CA1098350A (en) | 1981-03-31 |
Family
ID=9835714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA297,448A Expired CA1098350A (en) | 1977-02-23 | 1978-02-22 | Fibre optical cables |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU509851B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1098350A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1572877A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2551253B1 (en) * | 1983-08-26 | 1986-06-06 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | TRANSMISSION CABLE, ESPECIALLY OPTICAL, COMPRISING AN ELASTIC ELEMENT |
| JPS60145410U (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-09-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | waterproof fiber optic cable |
| GB8413205D0 (en) * | 1984-05-23 | 1984-06-27 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cables |
| GB8528242D0 (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1985-12-18 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cables |
| GB8531148D0 (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1986-01-29 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cables |
| GB2213952A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-08-23 | Focas Ltd | Optical fibre cable helically wound on electrical conductor |
| DE3743334C1 (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-05-24 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | Optical cable |
| CN101382629A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2009-03-11 | 沈群华 | Layer stranded optical fiber ribbon cable with multi reinforcements |
-
1977
- 1977-02-23 GB GB757277A patent/GB1572877A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-02-22 AU AU33527/78A patent/AU509851B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-22 CA CA297,448A patent/CA1098350A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU509851B2 (en) | 1980-05-29 |
| AU3352778A (en) | 1979-08-30 |
| GB1572877A (en) | 1980-08-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |