CA1090996A - Production of novelty yarns - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT
A process and an apparatus for producing novelty yarns having pronounced variations in linear density is disclosed.
The process generally involves the passing of at least one multifilament yarn through a fluid tangling zone and alternately and mechanically tensioning and relaxing the yarn within the tangling zone. The apparatus includes a structure for providing the tangling zone and for effecting the alternate tensioning and relaxing steps as by intermittently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn. The yarn is alternately stretched and made slack to form alternative segments of compact and fluffed filaments.

Description

10905~96 This application is a division of Canadian Application Serial No. 286,548 filed September 12, 1977.

This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing novelty yarns having pronounced variations in linear density, especially beaded or slubbed yarns for producing shantung fabric and the like effect fabrics as well as dental floss and other effect yarns.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Tha manufacture of novelty yarns from combined ends is old in the art. Examples of novelty yarn production techniques involve combining untextured ends with no overfeed, one end being overfed at a rate greater than the other end; combining a false-twist textured "core" yarn with a "flat" effect yarn; combining falsetwist textured "core" and "effect" yarns; among others.
U.S. Patent 3,264,816 discloses a synthetic yarn wrapped with a staple fiber which is then combined with a core yarn.
U.S. Patent 3,756,005 discloses a process for producing a novelty effect yarn by passing two yarns through a falsetwisting device and overfeeding one yarn into the false-twist device with the use of an aspirator-type jet. The slubs formed along the core yarn are somewhat random in nature.
U.S. Patent 3,474,613 discloses a novelty product made using an aspirating jet and a "slubbing" jet in combination in which~the aspirating jet forces one end of yarn onto a foraminous surface, afterwards from which the textured yarn is combined with another yarn in the slubbing jet. The yarns are thereafter passed respectively through a tangling jet and a falsetwist jet.

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1090.396 U.S. Patent 3,691,750 discloses a continuous filament falsetwist textured core yarn wrapped with another falsetwist textured yarn of higher crimp amplitude, the wrapper filaments forming reversing helices at intervals along the length of the core yarn.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention as disclosed is directed to a process and apparatus for making distinct and pronounced variation in the linear density of a yarn. The process can also be used to produce multiple yarn composites of pronounced linear variation with one or more of the yarns capable of bearing stress along the length of the composite.
~ urther, the invention as envisioned herein, can produce denier variations in multiple strand composites of different dyeabilities wherein denier variations will produce different slub effects along the length of the composite.
The method and apparatus disclosed herein may also be used to great effect to produce a dental floss yarn comprised of core yarn and effect yarn formed into beads and supported by a waxed or unwaxed yarn twisted with the core and effect yarns along the length of the composite.
The apparatus includes means for mechanically varying the tension of at least one strand of yarn while passing the yarn through a tangling jet. The intermittent fluctuation in tension of the yarn while passing through the jet produces alternating sections of compacted yarn and fluffed, nubby, loopy yarn.
The tangling apparatus used may be of the aspirating ~ ~.
d~ 2-109099~;
type so that yarn filaments are sucked into the jet apparatus when tensions are relaxed in the filaments. This sucking action permits one strand to be maintained in a tensioned state while passing through the jet simultaneously with a briefly nontensioned yarn strand whereby the action of the jet opens the filaments of the tensioned strand and intermingles therewith looped filaments of the tensionless strand. When the tensioned strand filaments close after passing through the jet device, the looped filaments are trapped, producing a fluffed effect so long as the effect strand remains untensioned. When both strands are tensioned, the filaments of each strand are intermingled, but the composite remains compact. Obviously, when three or more strands are fed through the jet device, the individual strands may be alternately relaxed to create numerous effects.
There may be provided some means of controlling the rate of passage of the various yarns through the tangling jet, such as positive drive nip rollers or tension devices. The maintenance of a positive feed with mechanical tension varying devices as disclosed herein permit accurate control of denier variations such as ratio of fluffed to compacted denier and distances and length of fluffed sections.
The invention is also concerned with a novelty yarn product having pronounced variations in linear density which comprises at least one multifilament yarn or strand having a plurality of alternating fluffed and compacted filaments arranged sequentially along its length. This yarn product may be further characterized by a significant bulk variance, i.e., the fluffed portions of the yarn have much greater bulk than the compacted or non-fluffed portions.

dg/ -3-1090'396 According to the parent application, the invention defined therein may be broadly considered to be a novelty yarn comprising at least one beaded yarn and at least one support yarn combined along their lengths, the combined yarns being waxed.
It will be understood that the feeder yarns used to produce the novelty yarns of this invention include synthetic and natural fibrillary materials such as nylons, polyesters, acrylic rayons, cellulose, and the like; espec;ally suitable are textured polymeric yarns of nylon, polyester, and rayon.
The present application, on the other hand, broadly defines a method of making a novelty yarn comprising a core strand and an effect strand comprising the steps of feeding the core strand at a first predetermined rate into a tangli~g zone and withdrawing the core strand from the tangling zone at a second predetermined rate that is less than the first predetermined rate; simultaneously feeding an effect strand at a third pre-determined rate to the tangling zone and alternately positively and abruptly tensioning and relaxing the effect strand at the tangling zone and withdrawing the effect strand with the core strand at the second predetermined rate to form a composite yarn wherein the effect yarn is alternately compacted and fluffed relative to the core yarn; the third predetermined rate being higher than the second predetermined rate and at least equal to the first predetermined rate, the abrupt tensioning and relaxing of the yarn being effected by intermittently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn, the yarn being stretched during the tensioning step and abruptly made slack during the relaxing step.

d /~1 _4-The above method may be carried out by an apparatus for producing a novelty yarn having pronounced variations in linear density which comprises a fluid tangling means, means for introducing at least one multifilament yarn into the tangling means at a first predetermined rate, a reciprocating means for alternatingly positively and abruptly tensioning and relaxing the yarn being introduced into the tangling means by intermit-tently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn whereby the yarn is stretched during tensioning and abruptly made slack during relaxing to form sequential alternative segments of compact and fluffed filaments, and means for withdrawing the yarn from the tangling means at a second predetermined rate.
This invention will be further understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an apparatus and process for producing a two-composite beaded or slubbed novelty yarn;
Fig. 2 shows a schematically elevated view of a fluid tangling jet for forming a beaded or slubbed yarn;
Pig. 3 is a schematic view of a reciprocating device or means for sequentially and alternatingly applying tension to a moving strand or yarn;
Fig. 4 shows a schematic arrangement and two-stage process for combining a waxed support yarn with a beaded yarn to form a dental floss;

dg/~ 5-Fig. 5 illustrates a continuous one-stage process and apparatus for producing a dental floss from a support yarn, two effect yarns, and a core yarn;
Fig. 6 shows a perspective schematic view of an apparatus for producing a beaded yarn in accordance with the arrangement shown in Fig. 5; and dg/~ -5a-1090996 ' ;

~ig. 7 ls a schematlc representatlon Or a dental floss produced by the process and apparatus ln Flg. 5. .
i In Flg. 1, there ls shown one embodlment Or an I apparatus for produclng novelty yarn that comprlses a core yarn 5 I and an effect yarn. A pac~age 1 contains the effect yarn 9 and ; package 2 contains the core yarns 3. These yarns may be a ¦ polyester stretch textured yarn. Core yarn 3 is fed by the jl core roll 5 through the alr tangllng ~et 6 and to the feed roll ¦¦ 7 and then the take-up package ~. The effect yarn 9 is fed 10 by the effect roll 10 through a reclprocating devlce 11 and then I .
1l into the alr tangllng ~et 6 wherein the effect yarn 9 ls ¦! comblned wlth the core 3 yarn and follows the same path to the yarn take-up package 8. It will be understood that the comblned 1l yarn product 12 exltlng from ~et 6 ls a beaded or slubbed yarn.
1 15 j The speed of the roll 5 and of roll 10 are the same and the yarn I i jj product 12 ls overfed to the feed roll 7 by approximately ' !
1 2 - 8%, and usually about 3.5%. t It will be appreciated that ln the reciprocatlng devlce !
1, the path Or the efrect yarn 9 ls lntermlttently and abruptly 20 1i changed by mechanlcal means so that the yarn ls subjected to variatlons in tenslon durlng lts travel to the tangllng ~et.
Generally, the effect yarn ls posltlvely dlsplaced, l.e., shlfted, from one travel path to another path wlthln the I reclprocatlng devlce. Thls dlsplacement may be effected by a 25 ! cam-operatlng arm, by a rotating pin or other like means, ¦ embodlments Or which wlll be hereinafter descrlbed ln greater L detall. ~
! Flg. 2 schematlcally lllustrates an embodiment of a I' pneumatlcally operated ~et assembly that may be used as the gas 30 i tangllng Jet employed ln the apparatus Or Flg. 1. The Jet ~ assembly 6 lncludes a hou~ln~ 14 having a gas lnlet passage I ................................................... .
, 6 1(~90996 . .
. . . .i .
15 and a gas outlet passage i6 arranged perpendicular thereto. , The gas inlet passage ls rormed by a large dlameter bore 17 that .
tapers down to a small dlameter bore 18. ¦
m e gas outlet passage ls formed by a bore 19 that extends rrom one side Or the houslng to beyond the end Or bore 18 and by a bore 20 Or reduced dlameter that extends through to the other slde Or the houslng.

A hollow needle 21 is inserted into the housing in rlow Or gas by the M uid-tight engagement within bore 20. The/needle creates a vacuum which sucks yarn through the orlfice 22 at one end and out through the gas outlet passage when the dlscharge end Or the needle is pushed beyond the gas orifice Or the gas lnlet passage.
Arter the yarn has been fed through the ~et, the needle is released and is retracted by the action of spring 23.
A bracket 24 is secured to housing 14 and provides an ad~ustable guide support for another bracket 25 secured to the orifice end of the hollow needle. These brackets serve to retain the hollow needle in proper posltion for normal operatlon as shown 20 in Fig. 2. .
It will be appreclated that the position Or the discharge end Or the hollow needle determlnes, ln part, the ~;
character Or the yarn product, l.e., the degree Or variation Or the denier Or the novelty yarn product.
Flg. 3 shows an embodlment Or the reciprocating device ¦ that may be employed in the apparatus Or Flg. 1. Thls device ¦ ha~ a cam element 26 rotating ln a counter-clockwlse dlrectlon ¦1 a~ lndlcated by the arrow. Cam ~ollower 27 wlth a nylon roller ¦

28 ls blased against the cam element and is mounted on a pivoted 3o member 29. A yarn contractlng arm 30 ls operatlvely assoclated wlth rollower 28. When the arm 30 ls ln the vertlcal positlon .

o 7 _ I - 1090996 !
I . .
I . . .' ¦ ~hown ln solld lines, the yarn 9 through guldes ~1 and 32 ¦ without any efrect and the cam element holds arm 30 ln this ¦ posltion for several seconds, e.g., about 5 seconds, as the ¦ cam rollower contacts the ralsed portion o~ the cam element, 5 1 the arm 30 lowers the effect yarn from the normal position to the posltlon shown ln dashed lines thereby creatlng tenslon on the-errect yarn. At the same time, the core yarn 3 ls ln a relaxed or tenslonless state and is perl~tted to sllghtly overreed into !
the Jet lncreasing ln slze as lt comblnes wlth the stretched portlon of the efrect yarn. m e arm requires a short period of tlme, e.g., 1.5 to 2 seconds, to move from the vertical positlon ¦
to the horlzontal position and remains in the horlzontal position ror several seconds, e.g., 5 seconds. During this period, no flurfing erfect is given to the effect yarn. When the cam follower drops from the high point to the low point on the cam element, the efrect yarn will rise quickly to a tensionless horlzontal position. This abrupt rise or change ln position wlll cause a sudden slack ln the effect yarn so that a slub or flufr sectlon will form ln the yarn as the yarn enters the tangllng ~et to combine wlth the core yarn. The composite yarn product will also lncrease ln dlameter untll the tensions ¦ ln both yarns, i.e., the core yarn and the effect yarn, equallze again. Thls cycle Or operation is repeated for each revolution of the cam element.
It wlll be appreciated that in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 that the design or the cam element can be changed for dlfferent erfects. Also, a pattern disturber, i.e., a device whlch holds the cam element ln a posltlon wherein no erfect ls l created ln the effect yarn, can be used to interrupt the ¦ -3o rotation o~ the cam element, thereby changlng the periodlc ~ eharaot r Or the beads or sl;bs rormed In the yarn.

1 ~ 1090996 1 ~
. . ,-,. ., One aspect Or the present lnventlon ls dlrected tc the productlon of a composlte yarn product whlch 15 especially ~seful as a dental floss. The embodlment o~ the lnventlon schematlcally shown ln Flg. 4 ls a two-stage process whereln a beaded nylon yarn whlch may be produced in the manner shown ln Fig. l is comblned wlth a waxed support yarn. Beaded composlte yarn 33 ls taken from a package and passed between the nlp o~ a palr of comblnlng rolls 34 whcrein lt ls comblned wlth a nylon support yarn 35 that has been passed through a wax appllcator means 35. me composlte nylon yarn 38 ls taken up from the rolls !
and placed ln a package 39. Thls package may b~ subsequently l ,-placed ln a steam chest for a perlod of tlme surficlent to lnsure m~gration of the wax from the support yarn throughout ¦ yarn package, e.g., for about 2 hours ln steam at 160 F. or 15 j lower.
¦ Production Or dental floss wlll be further understood rrom the following example whereln dental floss is produced ln ; a one-stage continuous process as lllustrated ln Flg. 5.
A support yarn 40 (200/16 nylon 6) ls passed through a wax appllcator 41 whereln a roller applles 25~ wax to the yarn. Thls yarn ls then cooled by a fan coollng means 42 to solldify the wax and ls passed to a palr Or yarn combining rolls ' 43. Two efrect yarns 44 Or nylon 6, each havlng a denler 200 and conslsting of 64 fllaments (200/64~ were drawn throu~h a palr of feed rollers 45 whereln the two yarns are comblned.
The resultlng composlte effect yarn is passed through reclprocatlng devlce 46 to an alr tangllng ~et 47 whereln the ¦¦ erfect yarn i8 comblned wlth a core yarn 48 of nylon 6 (200/64). j A pair Or feed rollers 49 draws the core yarn rrom a package ' ~ --3o through a wet-out devlce 50 whereln water ls added to the yarn. A beaded yarn composlte 51 18 taken from the ~et :- .. . 1, .

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and comblned with the support yarn by rolls 43. ' The multlstrand .
composite 52 exltlng from these rolls ls given a twlst of 5.5 t.p.l. and taken up on the pirn 53.
The characterlstlcs Or the beaded yarn, the support yarn and the resultlng dental floss may be generalized as rOllOws:
Beaded yarn:
Average denler - 550-650 .
Distance between bends or flufrs - 1-1/4" - 1-3/4"
Length of fluff or bead - 3/4" - 1-1/4"
Filaments - 128 .
Yarn - Nylon 6 li . . ' :, Su~port Yarn:
Denler - 200 15Filament - 16 Flber - nylon 6 ¦ Wax - 25% (may be unwaxed if desired) .

¦ Dental Floss: ¦
I Ply twisted - 4 to 8 t.p.l.
~otal denier - 700 to 900 (unwaxed) 750 to llO0 (waxed) ~, . Filament - 144 .
: Breaklng strength - 3 to 5 pounds .
. ,.

. I '' ' . 1 ',~ I -10 - - ' 1~

¦ Flg. 6 lllustrates one embodlment Or an apparatus or devlce rOr produclng a beaded yarn which uses a system o~ compoun pulleys o~eratlvely assoclated wlth an alr tangllng ~et. In thls l apparatus, the take orr pulley 55 ror the beaded yarn, the core pulley 56, and the erfect produclng pulley 57 are mounted on a slngle rotatable shart 58. The core yarn 59 ls gulded via gulde 60 whlch may be located below the support frame 61 from a plrn (not shown) to the core pulley 56 into the alr tangling ~et 62 (whlch is of the type lllustrate ln Fig. 2) and then ls part Or the beaded yarn to the take-orf pulley 55 twhich drlves the shaft 58) and rinally to a takeup package forming devlce. The erfect yarn 63 comes rrom a spool below the frame 61 and ls gulded by a guide 64 mounted on a gulde bar and then around the l effect pulley to a guide 64 and guide 65 to enter into the 151 ~et where lt combines with the core yarn.
¦ m e effect pulley has a pirn 66 located on its outer periphery. The errect yarn ls wrapped around the center shaft ¦ Or the efrect pulley (not shown) and the plrn 66 to thereby ¦ cause alternatlng perlods Or tenslon and slack in the errect 20 j yarn. It will be recognlzed that this compound pulley arrange- ¦
¦ ment has several advantages, i.e., the composlte novelty yarn ¦ drives all three pulleys, the ratio Or the size Or one pulley ¦ to another, can be varled by replaclng with a pulley o~ dlfferent ¦ dlameter, the pulleys stop together when there is a break in the !
251 composlte yarn product, and the degree Or reciprocatlng movement provided by the erfect pulley can be varled by changlng the numb r o~ pirn5.
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' 11- 1- 1 .. . j~

. I '' ''1090~9~'' .' ' ~..
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It wlll also be understood that the extent Or bulk varlance, as evidenced by the varlatlon ln llnear density, in I
the beaded yarns wlll be also controlled by the amount Or overreed ¦ Or the feeder yarns and that thls ls governed by the lntended j¦ appllcation. For example, ln producing a beaded yarn for glving 5jl a shantùng effect, the dlstance between beads or slubs may vary ¦¦ from 8 to 12 reet wlth a bead or fluff sectlon or rrom 1/8 to ¦ 2" long; whereas the beaded yarn for producing dental floss may Il have beads at a dlstance Or from less than one lnche to a few ¦¦ inches from each other wlth the bead length on the order lOij one end or more. Thererore, the overfeed for a beaded yarn to I be used in shantung fabric may be up to about 5%, while the ¦ overfeed for a dental floss may be as much as 150%.
In producing the dental floss by use of the apparatus I
shown in Fig. 6, the overfeed Or the core yarn is about 10% ¦
and that of the effect yarn is 150%. 1 ~ ig. 7 represents a dental floss Or this invention;
This floss has compacted zone or sections 70 separated by fluffed~
or beaded sectlons 71. . ¦

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Claims (27)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A method of making a novelty yarn comprising a core strand and an effect strand comprising the steps of feeding the core strand at a first predetermined rate into a tangling zone and withdrawing the core strand from the tangling zone at a second predetermined rate that is less than the first pre-determined rate; simultaneously feeding an effect strand at a third predetermined rate to the tangling zone and alternately positively and abruptly tensioning and relaxing the effect strand at the tangling zone and withdrawing the effect strand with the core strand at the second predetermined rate to form a composite yarn wherein the effect yarn is alternately compacted and fluffed relative to the core yarn; said third predetermined rate being higher than the second predetermined rate and at least equal to the first predetermined rate, said abrupt tensioning and relaxing of the yarn being effected by intermittently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn, said yarn being stretched during the tensioning step and abruptly made slack during the relaxing step.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein a support yarn is combined with the composite yarn and the combined yarn is then wound into a package.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the support yarn is waxed prior to combining with the composite yarn.

4. The method claim 3 wherein the package is heated for a short time to migrate a portion of the wax on the support yarn to the composite yarn.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the third predetermined rate is higher than the first and second predetermined rates.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined rate is sufficiently greater than the second predetermined rate to effect an overfeed of the core strand of 10% and the third predetermined rate is sufficiently greater than the second predetermined rate to effect an overfeed of the effect yarn of 150%.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the tangling zone is formed by a fluid tangling jet; the core strand and the effect strand are introduced together into one end of said tangling jet; and said strands are tangled within said fluid tangling jet by a fluid stream introduced continuously into said jet.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the core strand and the effect strand are stretch textured multi-filament yarns of nylon, polyester or rayon.

9. The method of making a dental floss comprising the steps of feeding a core strand to a tangling zone at a predetermined first rate and withdrawing the core strand at a determined second rate; simultaneously feeding at least one effect strand at a predetermined third rate to the tangling zone with the core strand; alternatingly tensioning and relaxing the effect strand in the tangling zone and with-drawing the effect strand with core strand as a composite yarn; thereafter combining the composite yarn with a waxed support yarn and winding the combined yarn into a package;
heating the package to migrate a portion of the wax from the support yarn to the combined yarn; and thereafter cooling the package to ambient conditions.

10. The method of making t dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the combining step includes twisting the waxed support yarn and composite yarn together.

11. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9 , including the step of wetting the core strand before combining with the effect strand.

12. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the composite yarn and the waxed support yarn are twisted together from 4 to 8 turns per inch.

13. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the composite yarn is a beaded yarn and the distance between beads of the beaded yarn is from 1 1/4 inch to 1 3/4 inch.

14. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 13, wherein the length of a bead of the beaded yarn is from 3/4 inch to 1 1/4 inch.

15. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the average denier of the composite yarn is between 550 and 650.

16. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 15, wherein the average denier of the support yarn is about 200 in the unwaxed condition.

17. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the average denier of the composite yarn is about 550-650, the unwaxed denier of the support yarn is about 200, and the total denier of the dental floss is about 750 to 1100.

18. The method of making a dental floss as set forth in claim 9, wherein the core strand, the at least one effect strand and the support yarn are textured yarns formed from a polymer selected from the group consisting of nylon, polyester and rayon.

19. An apparatus for producing a novelty yarn having pronounced variations in linear density which comprises a fluid tangling means, means for introducing at least one multifilament yarn into said tangling means at a first pre-determined rate, a reciprocating means for alternatingly positively and abruptly tensioning and relaxing the yarn being introduced into said tangling means by intermittently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn whereby said yarn is stretched during tensioning and abruptly made slack during relaxing to form sequential alternative segments of compact and fluffed filaments, and means for withdrawing the yarn from said tangling means at a second predetermined rate.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said reciprocating means comprises a rotating cam element, a cam follower biased against the cam element and mounted on a pivotal member, a yarn contacting arm operatively associated with said follower and yarn guide means for directing a multi-filament effect yarn introduced into said fluid tangling means along a pre-scribed path, said yarn contacting arm being actuated by said cam element to move from a normal position and to divert the effect yarn from its prescribed path to another path thereby creating tension on the effect yarn and subsequently to return to the normal position thereby causing the yarn to become slack and means for introducing a multi-filament core yarn into said tangling means in a relaxed state to combine with said effect yarn.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said fluid tangling means includes an air tangling jet and wherein the reciprocating means comprises a system of compound pulleys operatively associated with the air tangling jet, said system comprising a take-off pulley for a beaded yarn, a core pulley and an effect-producing pulley mounted on a single rotatable shaft and a guide means for guiding a core yarn exits as a part of the beaded yarn to a take-off pulley that drives the shaft upon which said pulleys are mounted and then to a take-up package device and means for guiding the effect yarn around the effect pulley to a guide means for directing the effect yarn into the air tangling jet where the effect yarn combines with the core yarn and then exits as part of the beaded yarn.

22. An apparatus for making a novelty yarn including a core yarn and an effect yarn which comprises a fluid tangling means, first feed means for introducing the core yarn at a first predetermined rate into the fluid tangling means, second feed means for simultaneously introducing an effect yarn at a second predetermined rate into the fluid tangling means, said second predetermined rate being at least equal to the first predetermined rate, means for alternatively positively and abruptly tensioning and relaxing the effect yarn entering into the fluid tangling means by intermittently and abruptly changing the path of the yarn whereby said yarn is stretched during tensioning and abruptly made slack during relaxing and means for withdrawing the effect strand with the core strand at a third predetermined rate that is less than the first of the second predetermined rate to form a composite yarn wherein the effect yarn is alternately compacted and fluffed relative to the core yarn.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising means for combining a support yarn with the composite yarn and means for winding the combined yarn into a package.

24. An apparatus for making a novelty yarn including a core yarn and an effect yarn which comprises a fluid tangling means, first feed means for introducing the core yarn at a predetermined rate into the fluid tangling means, second feed means for simultaneously introducing an effect yarn at a predetermined rate into the fluid tangling means, means for alternatively positively tensioning and relaxing the effect yarn entering into the fluid tangling means, means for with-drawing the effect yarn with the core yarn at a predetermined rate that is less than the predetermined feed rates of the effect yarn and core yarn to form a composite yarn wherein the effect yarn is alternatively compacted and fluffed rela-tive to the core yarn, means for combining a support yarn with the composite yarn, means for applying wax to the support yarn prior to combining the support yarn with the composite yarn and means for winding the combined yarn into a package.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising means for heating the yarn package for a short time to effect migration of the portion of the wax from the support yarn to the composite yarn.

26. An apparatus for making a dental floss which comprises a fluid tangling means, for tangling filaments of yarn introduced thereto, means for feeding a core strand of multi-filament yarn to said fluid tangling means at a pre-determined first rate, second means for withdrawing the core strand at a predetermined second rate, third means for feeding at least one effect strand of multi-filament yarn at a predetermined third rate to the fluid tangling means and means for alternately tensioning and relaxing the effect strand of multi-filament yarn within the fluid tangling means and fourth means for withdrawing the effect strand with the core strand as a composite yarn, and means for combining the composite yarn resulting therefrom with a waxed support yarn and winding means for forming the combined yarn into a package, heater means for heating the package to migrate a portion of the wax from the support yarn to the combined yarn, and means for cooling the package to ambient conditions.

27, An apparatus for making a dental floss of claim 26, further comprising means for twisting the wax support yarn and the composite yarn together.