CA1087353A - Method and apparatus for stiffening textile webs - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for stiffening textile websInfo
- Publication number
- CA1087353A CA1087353A CA289,205A CA289205A CA1087353A CA 1087353 A CA1087353 A CA 1087353A CA 289205 A CA289205 A CA 289205A CA 1087353 A CA1087353 A CA 1087353A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- web
- screen printing
- stiffening agent
- stiffening
- printing form
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention provided a method for stiffening textile fabrics in which a fluid stiffening agent is applied to the web by means of screen printing, after which the web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment. She improvement in which the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst the stiffening agent is dis-tributed over the whole side of the screen printing form remote from the textile web and its level is maintained spaced over the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing the thickness of the stiffening agent coating applied to the textile web is controlled by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
The present invention provided a method for stiffening textile fabrics in which a fluid stiffening agent is applied to the web by means of screen printing, after which the web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment. She improvement in which the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst the stiffening agent is dis-tributed over the whole side of the screen printing form remote from the textile web and its level is maintained spaced over the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing the thickness of the stiffening agent coating applied to the textile web is controlled by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
Description
1~18~353 The present invention relates to a method for stiffen-ing textile webs, in which fluid stiffening agent is applied by screen printing, the thus treated web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment, as well as to an apparatus for effecting this method.
Methods are known by means of which textile webs are stiffened by applying a stiffening agent. ~ccording to the method disclosed in Swiss Patent No. 208 340 articles made from -flexible fabrics are stiffened by applying a liquid, colourless stiffening agent to the semi-finished or finished articles.
Following evaporation of the solvent this stiffening agent must exert no adhesive action on adjacent layers of fabric. The stiffening agent is applied in such a way that a graded stiff-ness or flexibility is obtained or alternatively said stiffness or flexibility varies according to the intended use. This varying degree of stiffness is obtained by covering individual areas of the articles when applying the stiffening agent, by using solutions with different concentrations or by applying different quantities of stiffening agent, for example by spraying nozzles using a different pressure or by partly cover-ing with varyingly thick wire netting during spraylng.
In the method disclosed in British Patent No. 911 517 a plastics material which can set or be cured under the action of heat is applied to the article in the form of an aqueous dispersion, emulsion or melt. By means of an engraved roller or a hollow screen the stiffening agent is applied in varying quantities, so that a different degree of stiffening is obtained in individual portions of the article.
The use of known printing processes, e.g. relief, intaglio or screen printing for applying the stiffening agent to the textile web is proposed by the method disclosed in DOS
25 35 593.
~ " .
All the printinq processes for applying the stiffening agent proposed in conjunction with these methods have disadvan-tages. Quite apart from the fact that in these printing processes the time required for applying the stiffening agent is relatively long it is only possible to a limited extent to adapt the metering to the particular textile web to be printed.
In addition, these printing processes are not suitable for processing a stiffening agent which must be drop-forming and not viscous in order to flow in a satisfactory manner into the fibres. As a result these methods are time-consuming.
The present invention, whilst obviatinq the dis-advantages of the aforesaid methods provides a method of the type defined hereinbefore which reduces the printing time on applying the stiffening agent to the textile web and permits the application of a random stiffening agent metered in simple manner and in varying thicknesses to different points of the web, whereby in addition the screen printing form need only be slightly larger than the web, whilst substantially eliminating ~ -mechanical stresses on the screen printing form.
According to the invention there is provided a method for stiffening textile fabrics in which a fluid stiffen- ;
ing agent is applied to the web by means of screen printing, after which the web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment. The improvement in which the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst the stiffening agent is distributed over the whole side of the screen printing form remote from the textile web and its level is maintained spaced over the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing ;
the thickness of the stiffening agent coating applied to the textile web is controlled by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
In accordance with the present invention therefore
Methods are known by means of which textile webs are stiffened by applying a stiffening agent. ~ccording to the method disclosed in Swiss Patent No. 208 340 articles made from -flexible fabrics are stiffened by applying a liquid, colourless stiffening agent to the semi-finished or finished articles.
Following evaporation of the solvent this stiffening agent must exert no adhesive action on adjacent layers of fabric. The stiffening agent is applied in such a way that a graded stiff-ness or flexibility is obtained or alternatively said stiffness or flexibility varies according to the intended use. This varying degree of stiffness is obtained by covering individual areas of the articles when applying the stiffening agent, by using solutions with different concentrations or by applying different quantities of stiffening agent, for example by spraying nozzles using a different pressure or by partly cover-ing with varyingly thick wire netting during spraylng.
In the method disclosed in British Patent No. 911 517 a plastics material which can set or be cured under the action of heat is applied to the article in the form of an aqueous dispersion, emulsion or melt. By means of an engraved roller or a hollow screen the stiffening agent is applied in varying quantities, so that a different degree of stiffening is obtained in individual portions of the article.
The use of known printing processes, e.g. relief, intaglio or screen printing for applying the stiffening agent to the textile web is proposed by the method disclosed in DOS
25 35 593.
~ " .
All the printinq processes for applying the stiffening agent proposed in conjunction with these methods have disadvan-tages. Quite apart from the fact that in these printing processes the time required for applying the stiffening agent is relatively long it is only possible to a limited extent to adapt the metering to the particular textile web to be printed.
In addition, these printing processes are not suitable for processing a stiffening agent which must be drop-forming and not viscous in order to flow in a satisfactory manner into the fibres. As a result these methods are time-consuming.
The present invention, whilst obviatinq the dis-advantages of the aforesaid methods provides a method of the type defined hereinbefore which reduces the printing time on applying the stiffening agent to the textile web and permits the application of a random stiffening agent metered in simple manner and in varying thicknesses to different points of the web, whereby in addition the screen printing form need only be slightly larger than the web, whilst substantially eliminating ~ -mechanical stresses on the screen printing form.
According to the invention there is provided a method for stiffening textile fabrics in which a fluid stiffen- ;
ing agent is applied to the web by means of screen printing, after which the web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment. The improvement in which the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst the stiffening agent is distributed over the whole side of the screen printing form remote from the textile web and its level is maintained spaced over the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing ;
the thickness of the stiffening agent coating applied to the textile web is controlled by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
In accordance with the present invention therefore
- 2 -` 1~873~j3 the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst distributing the stiffening agent over the complete side of the screen printing form which is remote from the ` textile web and its level is kept spaced above the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing the thickness of the stiffening agent applied to the textile web is controlled -~
by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
The invention also provides an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention in which the textile web -- 10 is placed on a gradually moved substrate over which is guided a container for recelving the stiffening agent vertically ; towards and away from the substrate, whereby its base is formed by the screen printing form and its remaining walls are con-structed in gas tight manner, a pressure source being connected to the container which permits the adjustment of the pressure in the container.
The present invention will be further described by way of the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a dia~
grammatically represented apparatus for stiffening a textile web according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the- apparatus according to Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the screen print-ing form and thè printing substrate on an enlarged scale, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the printing substrate.
The invention is based on the consideration that use of a screen printing form although apparently suitable for applying a stiffening agent to a textile web is too restricted in its presently known form, particularly with respect to the choice of stiffening ayent. Thus, although the present invention uses a screen printing form for applying the stiffen-1~87353 ing agent to the textile web, printing takes place in a modifiedmanner, as will be described in greater detail hereina~ter.
The apparatus for stiffening textile webs shown in Fig. 1 substantially comprises a printing part 1 in which a stiffening agent is applied to a textile web, and a drying and after-treatment part 2. The latter is not critical to the invention, so that its construction will only briefly be - described. Part 2 could also be realized in some other way, without having any effect on the invention.
The essential components of printing part 1 and drying and after-treatment part 2 are covered by a housing 3 and mounted on a machine frame 4. A supply spool 5 having the shape of a six-sided prism is pivotably mounted on machine frame 4. However~ it is also possible to use spools with a different number of sides or in the form of a cylinder. The supply spool 5 can also be replaced by some other conveying mechanism, e.g. a conveyor belt.
The sides 6 of supply spool 5 serve to in each case receive one of the portions to be treated, e.g. inserts for stiffening and shaping items of clothing. In Fiy. 1 one side 6 of supply spool 5 with a web fixed thereto is located directly below a pressure tank 8 which is guided in vertical manner on a support 9. Pressure tank 8 is constructed in gas tight manner and has on its base a screen printing form 10 which is stretched over a frame 11 fixed to tank 8 ! e.g. by adhesion.
Screen printing form 10 can be made from a fabric of silk, plastic, bronze or stainless steel or can be in the form of a completely perforated screen. The fabric or screen is patterned in known manner as a function of the stiffening to be carried out, e.g. by photogravure and then forms the base of the pressure tank. As a result of the patterning the application of the stiffening agent takes place at specific points and with a specific mel:ering action.
The stiffening agent, which is relatively viscous, is filled to a particular level into the inner area 12 of pressure tank 8 and is kept at a substantially constant level by a not ; described regulating mechanism, e.g. by a float. Above pressure tank 8 is arranged a storage tank 15 which is connected to pressure tank 8 via a line 16 and a not shown metering device.
Storage tank 15 serves to supply stiffening agent to pressure ` tank 8 so as to maintain a constant level in the l~atter.
Pressure tank 8 is also connected via a line 20 to a diagram- -matically represented pressure source 18. The pressure in the inner area 12 is regulated by means of a diagrammatically ! represented pressure control system 22.
To enable the pressure tank 8 or the screen printing form 10 arranged on the bottom thereof to be centred precisely with the web held on the side 6 of supply spool 5 the pressure tank is adjustably mounted in a frame 24 guided on support 9.
The adjustability of préssure tank 8 can for example be achieved by means of a cross table-like construction used for machine tools. `
Figs. 3 and 4 show that a printing substrate 26 is fixed to slde 6 of supply spool 5. To this end adjustable stops 28 are provided in each side and serve for centering both the printing substrate and the web. The stops 28 are under the action of a not shown spring and are displaceable in a gap 30 inside 6. Thus, printing substrate 26 also covers ~ap 30 in the area of web 7 to be treated. In turn web 7 is held on the printing substrate 26 by a holding-down device 32, so that after applying the stiffening agent the web does not stick to the screen printing form lO.
The drying and aftertreatment part 2 comprises a drying mechanism 34, e.g. a drying chamber, to which hot air . .
is supplied by means of a blower 36. The web 7 to which stiffen-ing agent has been applied is fed from supply spool 5 to a conveying mechanism 38 which moves it through the drying chamber 34. After leaving the drying chamber 34 web 7 passes into a condensing section 40 where it is heated to a higher temperature to obtain the desired chemical reaction. The condensing section 40 can also have a conveying mechanism 42 by means of which web 7 is passed through the condensing section 40. In place of a linear condensing section 40 it is also possible to use a condensing drum. After leaving condensing section 40 web 7 passes into a stacking mechanism 44 from which it is conveyed - away for further processing.
The above apparatus operates in the following manner:
Supply spool 5 places the web 7 applied to sides 6 below pressure tank 8, the latter being lowered until the screen printing form 10 is just above or directly at the level of web 7. By correspondingly regulating the pressure in the inner area 12 of pressure tank 8 the screen printing form is lowered onto the web 7. If the application of the stiffening agent is to be interrup8ed the pressure is again changed, e.g.
by setting a vacuum so that the screen printing form 10 is raised into the position shown in Fig. 3. After raising the pressure tank 8 the further operation of supply spool 5 is effected, so that the following web is brought below pressure tank 8. The application of the stiffening agent now takes place in precisely the same way as described hereinbefore. The holding-down devices 32 on the bottom of supply spool 5 are opened and the web is transferred to the conveying mechanism 38, drying and condensing then taking place in the manner described hereinbefore.
It is essential that the stiffening agent is applied by regulating the pressure in the inner area 12 of pressure tank 1~73S3 This eliminates substantially all the restrictions existing with the known printing processes. It is possible to use a relatively viscous stiffening agent and despite this the quantity thereof to be applied can be very accurately metered. Numerous possibilities exist for controlling the application of stiffening agent, such as modifying the passage of the screen printing form, the flow behaviour of the stiffening agent, the magnitude and duration of the pressure and/or vacuum, etc. It would also be possible to apply the stiffening agent by pressure regulation on the back of a porous printing substrate.
In order to permit rapid changing of the screen print-ing form 10 the stiffening agent can be sucked out of pressure tank 8 by means of a not shown pump and can be returned again after applying a new pattern.
When using the apparatus according to the invention there are no restrictions regarding the use of different stiffening agents. The desired metering can be obtained without difficulty by choosing the most suitable pressure conditions during application of the stiffening agent.
The term textile web is understood to mean layers or parts of layers or punched out parts of knitted, woven or non-woven fabrics.
The products suitable for stiffening and dimensional stabilisation are those which under suitable conditions cannot form a chemical bond with the web material used, with other products applied to the web or with one another, whilst being able to maintain the web dimensions stable during the reaction.
For this purpose it is possible to use the conventional products of the textile industry, e.g. urea - formaldehyde precondensates, melamine compounds, carbamides, acetals, compounds of the ethylene urea, dihydroxydiethylene urea and dihydroxydimethyl diethvlene urea types and all homologs thereof and similar i~873S3 substances either alone or in combination with other mentioned products and/or in combination with a suitable catalyst. It is possible to use as the catalyst organic or inorganic acids or metal salts of an organic or inorganic acid, such as e.-g.
alkali metal or earth alkaline halide or an ammonium salt.
- It is also possible to use other product~- such as e.g. monomers which can be reacted with the web material or with themselves accompanied by a condensation or polycondensation, addition or polyaddition or polymerisation or other chemical reactions taking place with or without the splitting off of a further reaction product, examples being styrene, ethylene, propylene and the like.
The described process can be applied not only to the stiffening treatment of textile webs and can also in fact be combined with other treatments. It can advantageously be used for producing inserts, required e.g. in the manufacture of shirts and other items of clothing. These inserts are either stiffened uniformly over the~ir entire surface or are stiffened to a differing degree, for which purpose the above described - 20 process is also suitable. Following stiffening said inserts are generally connected in suitable manner with an upper material for which purpose direct adhesion of the insert to the upper material by means of thermo plastic adhesives with which e.g.
one side of the substrate is coated and has proved advantageously suitable. Obviously coating can also take place on the upper material. Independently of the point of application coating takes place in punctiform or a real manner. The actual adhesion is accompanied by pressure and temperature application, for which purpose generally special pasting presses are used.
The described stiffening process can be extended in such a way that lightly attached or loosely applied webs, e.g.
an upper material and inserts are stiffened together with the ~87353 above-mentioned stiffeniny process. The stiffening agent must be dried and condensed in a condensing section, whereby the latter can easily be constructed in such a way that adhesion of the web takes place simultaneously with the condensing of the stiffening agent. Advantageously the condensing section is constructed as a heating drum over which the web is guided and simultaneously pressed.
In the case of fine upper materials it is impossible to prevent the colour of the materials used for the inserts showing through. Therefore it has proved necessary to maintain stocks of materials with very varied colours so that an insert or lining of the correct colour is available. This disadvantage can be obviated in very simple manner through suitable dye components being admixed with the stiffening agent. Thus, a dye treatment takes place simultaneously with the stiffening treatment in the case of the stiffening method according to the invention.
If in the casé of inserts only certain areas are to be stiffened by suitable choice of dye components it is possible to dye only the stiffen~d areas. It is also possible to add such dye components to the stiffening agent as do not adhere to the latter and instead flow out of the same, thereby dyeing the whole area of the insert. However, dyeing can also be performed in a separate working process. The above-indicated process can also be used for dyeing purposes, whereby the stiffening agent is replaced by the dye which is applied to the screen printing form in the pressure tank. After dyeing the whole area of the insert, still without a stiffening agent, the substrate can be stiffened, whereby once again the whole area or only parts thereof can be stiffened, as desired. As the process is based on a pressure action of the screen printing form, making the use of a doctor unnecessary, said form can be sub-divided into g _ - 10~7353 different areas. On the side remote from the printing substrate it is possible to apply different colours, so that the inserts are printed simultaneously in multi-coloured form. If printing takes place simultaneously with the stlffening treatment differ-ent degrees of stiffness can be obtained in the different area portions. Thus, inserts can in this way be produced, whose area portions are on the one hand only printed with colour and on the other are stiffened with dye-containing stiffening agents, whereby the different treatment of the area portions takes place in one and the same workiny operation.
As has already been stated the above-described stiffening process can be extended so as to coat in punctiform manner textile webs with thermo plastic adhesives, such as are e.g. conventional with directly adherable inserts. All that is necessary is a corresponding screen printing form. The adhesive is applied to the side of the screen printing form remote from the web in said pressure tank. Coating takes place in exactly the same way as in the stiffening process by controlling the pressure action. ~
Coating with the above-indicated adhesives can take place before or after the dyeing or stiffening treatment or the simultaneous dyeing and stiffening can take place in a separate operation or continuously at an additional printing station.
Coating can thereby take place on one or both sides and over all or part of the total area. It is also possible without difficulty to coat all of one side and only certain areas of the other side. Due to the fact that the thermo plastic puncti-form application of the coating with the described process can be distributed in random manner over the web a varying stiffness distribution over the web is obtained.
As a result of the above-described extension of the stiffening process the production of stiffened inserts and their use in conjunction with upper materials is further simplified.
A considerable time-saving and reduction of stocks are possible.
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by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
The invention also provides an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention in which the textile web -- 10 is placed on a gradually moved substrate over which is guided a container for recelving the stiffening agent vertically ; towards and away from the substrate, whereby its base is formed by the screen printing form and its remaining walls are con-structed in gas tight manner, a pressure source being connected to the container which permits the adjustment of the pressure in the container.
The present invention will be further described by way of the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a dia~
grammatically represented apparatus for stiffening a textile web according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the- apparatus according to Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the screen print-ing form and thè printing substrate on an enlarged scale, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the printing substrate.
The invention is based on the consideration that use of a screen printing form although apparently suitable for applying a stiffening agent to a textile web is too restricted in its presently known form, particularly with respect to the choice of stiffening ayent. Thus, although the present invention uses a screen printing form for applying the stiffen-1~87353 ing agent to the textile web, printing takes place in a modifiedmanner, as will be described in greater detail hereina~ter.
The apparatus for stiffening textile webs shown in Fig. 1 substantially comprises a printing part 1 in which a stiffening agent is applied to a textile web, and a drying and after-treatment part 2. The latter is not critical to the invention, so that its construction will only briefly be - described. Part 2 could also be realized in some other way, without having any effect on the invention.
The essential components of printing part 1 and drying and after-treatment part 2 are covered by a housing 3 and mounted on a machine frame 4. A supply spool 5 having the shape of a six-sided prism is pivotably mounted on machine frame 4. However~ it is also possible to use spools with a different number of sides or in the form of a cylinder. The supply spool 5 can also be replaced by some other conveying mechanism, e.g. a conveyor belt.
The sides 6 of supply spool 5 serve to in each case receive one of the portions to be treated, e.g. inserts for stiffening and shaping items of clothing. In Fiy. 1 one side 6 of supply spool 5 with a web fixed thereto is located directly below a pressure tank 8 which is guided in vertical manner on a support 9. Pressure tank 8 is constructed in gas tight manner and has on its base a screen printing form 10 which is stretched over a frame 11 fixed to tank 8 ! e.g. by adhesion.
Screen printing form 10 can be made from a fabric of silk, plastic, bronze or stainless steel or can be in the form of a completely perforated screen. The fabric or screen is patterned in known manner as a function of the stiffening to be carried out, e.g. by photogravure and then forms the base of the pressure tank. As a result of the patterning the application of the stiffening agent takes place at specific points and with a specific mel:ering action.
The stiffening agent, which is relatively viscous, is filled to a particular level into the inner area 12 of pressure tank 8 and is kept at a substantially constant level by a not ; described regulating mechanism, e.g. by a float. Above pressure tank 8 is arranged a storage tank 15 which is connected to pressure tank 8 via a line 16 and a not shown metering device.
Storage tank 15 serves to supply stiffening agent to pressure ` tank 8 so as to maintain a constant level in the l~atter.
Pressure tank 8 is also connected via a line 20 to a diagram- -matically represented pressure source 18. The pressure in the inner area 12 is regulated by means of a diagrammatically ! represented pressure control system 22.
To enable the pressure tank 8 or the screen printing form 10 arranged on the bottom thereof to be centred precisely with the web held on the side 6 of supply spool 5 the pressure tank is adjustably mounted in a frame 24 guided on support 9.
The adjustability of préssure tank 8 can for example be achieved by means of a cross table-like construction used for machine tools. `
Figs. 3 and 4 show that a printing substrate 26 is fixed to slde 6 of supply spool 5. To this end adjustable stops 28 are provided in each side and serve for centering both the printing substrate and the web. The stops 28 are under the action of a not shown spring and are displaceable in a gap 30 inside 6. Thus, printing substrate 26 also covers ~ap 30 in the area of web 7 to be treated. In turn web 7 is held on the printing substrate 26 by a holding-down device 32, so that after applying the stiffening agent the web does not stick to the screen printing form lO.
The drying and aftertreatment part 2 comprises a drying mechanism 34, e.g. a drying chamber, to which hot air . .
is supplied by means of a blower 36. The web 7 to which stiffen-ing agent has been applied is fed from supply spool 5 to a conveying mechanism 38 which moves it through the drying chamber 34. After leaving the drying chamber 34 web 7 passes into a condensing section 40 where it is heated to a higher temperature to obtain the desired chemical reaction. The condensing section 40 can also have a conveying mechanism 42 by means of which web 7 is passed through the condensing section 40. In place of a linear condensing section 40 it is also possible to use a condensing drum. After leaving condensing section 40 web 7 passes into a stacking mechanism 44 from which it is conveyed - away for further processing.
The above apparatus operates in the following manner:
Supply spool 5 places the web 7 applied to sides 6 below pressure tank 8, the latter being lowered until the screen printing form 10 is just above or directly at the level of web 7. By correspondingly regulating the pressure in the inner area 12 of pressure tank 8 the screen printing form is lowered onto the web 7. If the application of the stiffening agent is to be interrup8ed the pressure is again changed, e.g.
by setting a vacuum so that the screen printing form 10 is raised into the position shown in Fig. 3. After raising the pressure tank 8 the further operation of supply spool 5 is effected, so that the following web is brought below pressure tank 8. The application of the stiffening agent now takes place in precisely the same way as described hereinbefore. The holding-down devices 32 on the bottom of supply spool 5 are opened and the web is transferred to the conveying mechanism 38, drying and condensing then taking place in the manner described hereinbefore.
It is essential that the stiffening agent is applied by regulating the pressure in the inner area 12 of pressure tank 1~73S3 This eliminates substantially all the restrictions existing with the known printing processes. It is possible to use a relatively viscous stiffening agent and despite this the quantity thereof to be applied can be very accurately metered. Numerous possibilities exist for controlling the application of stiffening agent, such as modifying the passage of the screen printing form, the flow behaviour of the stiffening agent, the magnitude and duration of the pressure and/or vacuum, etc. It would also be possible to apply the stiffening agent by pressure regulation on the back of a porous printing substrate.
In order to permit rapid changing of the screen print-ing form 10 the stiffening agent can be sucked out of pressure tank 8 by means of a not shown pump and can be returned again after applying a new pattern.
When using the apparatus according to the invention there are no restrictions regarding the use of different stiffening agents. The desired metering can be obtained without difficulty by choosing the most suitable pressure conditions during application of the stiffening agent.
The term textile web is understood to mean layers or parts of layers or punched out parts of knitted, woven or non-woven fabrics.
The products suitable for stiffening and dimensional stabilisation are those which under suitable conditions cannot form a chemical bond with the web material used, with other products applied to the web or with one another, whilst being able to maintain the web dimensions stable during the reaction.
For this purpose it is possible to use the conventional products of the textile industry, e.g. urea - formaldehyde precondensates, melamine compounds, carbamides, acetals, compounds of the ethylene urea, dihydroxydiethylene urea and dihydroxydimethyl diethvlene urea types and all homologs thereof and similar i~873S3 substances either alone or in combination with other mentioned products and/or in combination with a suitable catalyst. It is possible to use as the catalyst organic or inorganic acids or metal salts of an organic or inorganic acid, such as e.-g.
alkali metal or earth alkaline halide or an ammonium salt.
- It is also possible to use other product~- such as e.g. monomers which can be reacted with the web material or with themselves accompanied by a condensation or polycondensation, addition or polyaddition or polymerisation or other chemical reactions taking place with or without the splitting off of a further reaction product, examples being styrene, ethylene, propylene and the like.
The described process can be applied not only to the stiffening treatment of textile webs and can also in fact be combined with other treatments. It can advantageously be used for producing inserts, required e.g. in the manufacture of shirts and other items of clothing. These inserts are either stiffened uniformly over the~ir entire surface or are stiffened to a differing degree, for which purpose the above described - 20 process is also suitable. Following stiffening said inserts are generally connected in suitable manner with an upper material for which purpose direct adhesion of the insert to the upper material by means of thermo plastic adhesives with which e.g.
one side of the substrate is coated and has proved advantageously suitable. Obviously coating can also take place on the upper material. Independently of the point of application coating takes place in punctiform or a real manner. The actual adhesion is accompanied by pressure and temperature application, for which purpose generally special pasting presses are used.
The described stiffening process can be extended in such a way that lightly attached or loosely applied webs, e.g.
an upper material and inserts are stiffened together with the ~87353 above-mentioned stiffeniny process. The stiffening agent must be dried and condensed in a condensing section, whereby the latter can easily be constructed in such a way that adhesion of the web takes place simultaneously with the condensing of the stiffening agent. Advantageously the condensing section is constructed as a heating drum over which the web is guided and simultaneously pressed.
In the case of fine upper materials it is impossible to prevent the colour of the materials used for the inserts showing through. Therefore it has proved necessary to maintain stocks of materials with very varied colours so that an insert or lining of the correct colour is available. This disadvantage can be obviated in very simple manner through suitable dye components being admixed with the stiffening agent. Thus, a dye treatment takes place simultaneously with the stiffening treatment in the case of the stiffening method according to the invention.
If in the casé of inserts only certain areas are to be stiffened by suitable choice of dye components it is possible to dye only the stiffen~d areas. It is also possible to add such dye components to the stiffening agent as do not adhere to the latter and instead flow out of the same, thereby dyeing the whole area of the insert. However, dyeing can also be performed in a separate working process. The above-indicated process can also be used for dyeing purposes, whereby the stiffening agent is replaced by the dye which is applied to the screen printing form in the pressure tank. After dyeing the whole area of the insert, still without a stiffening agent, the substrate can be stiffened, whereby once again the whole area or only parts thereof can be stiffened, as desired. As the process is based on a pressure action of the screen printing form, making the use of a doctor unnecessary, said form can be sub-divided into g _ - 10~7353 different areas. On the side remote from the printing substrate it is possible to apply different colours, so that the inserts are printed simultaneously in multi-coloured form. If printing takes place simultaneously with the stlffening treatment differ-ent degrees of stiffness can be obtained in the different area portions. Thus, inserts can in this way be produced, whose area portions are on the one hand only printed with colour and on the other are stiffened with dye-containing stiffening agents, whereby the different treatment of the area portions takes place in one and the same workiny operation.
As has already been stated the above-described stiffening process can be extended so as to coat in punctiform manner textile webs with thermo plastic adhesives, such as are e.g. conventional with directly adherable inserts. All that is necessary is a corresponding screen printing form. The adhesive is applied to the side of the screen printing form remote from the web in said pressure tank. Coating takes place in exactly the same way as in the stiffening process by controlling the pressure action. ~
Coating with the above-indicated adhesives can take place before or after the dyeing or stiffening treatment or the simultaneous dyeing and stiffening can take place in a separate operation or continuously at an additional printing station.
Coating can thereby take place on one or both sides and over all or part of the total area. It is also possible without difficulty to coat all of one side and only certain areas of the other side. Due to the fact that the thermo plastic puncti-form application of the coating with the described process can be distributed in random manner over the web a varying stiffness distribution over the web is obtained.
As a result of the above-described extension of the stiffening process the production of stiffened inserts and their use in conjunction with upper materials is further simplified.
A considerable time-saving and reduction of stocks are possible.
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Claims (25)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a method for stiffening textile fabrics in which a fluid stiffening agent is applied to the web by means of screen printing, after which the web is dried and subsequently undergoes further treatment, the improvement in which the textile web is gradually placed under a screen printing form, whilst the stiffening agent is distributed over the whole side of the screen printing form remote from the textile web and its level is maintained spaced over the screen printing form, whereby during screen printing the thickness of the stiffening agent coating applied to the textile web is controlled by the pressure acting on the screen printing form.
2. A method according to claim 1, in which the pressure can be adjusted via the level of the stiffening agent.
3. A method according to claim 1, in which the pressure on the screen printing form can be maintained constant before, during and after screen printing.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, in which prior to applying the stiffening agent the screen printing form is kept at a limited spacing above the textile web and is pressed onto the latter by increasing the pressure above the stiffening agent level, whereby the stiffening agent is applied.
5. A method according to claim 1, in which the application of the stiffening agent is interrupted by reducing the pressure over the stiffening agent level.
6. A method according to claim 1, in which the web is punched out at the same time as applying the stiffening agent.
7. A method according to claim 1, in which the web undergoes other treatments before, after or together with the stiffening treatment.
8. A method according to claim 1, in which the web undergoes treatment with a dye.
9. A method according to claim 8, in which the treatment with the dye is performed in only certain portions of the area.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, in which the treatment with the dye is performed only in the stiffened portions.
11. A method according to claim 8, in which the dye treatment and the stiffening agent treatment are performed in different area portions of the textile web.
12. A method according to claims 1 or 11, in which a dye is admixed with the stiffening agent.
13. A method according to claim 1, in which the textile web is successively printed over its whole area and then at least partly stiffened.
14. A method according to claim 8, in which different portions of the web are printed with different colours.
15. A method according to claim 1, in which the textile web undergoes a further treatment with a thermoplastic adhesive, whereby its whole area or only portions thereof are coated.
16. A method as claimed in claim 15, in which the treatment with the thermoplastic is a one side only.
17. Apparatus for stiffening textile fabrics compris-ing a gradually movable substrate adapted to receive a textile web and above which is vertically guided reciprocable with respect to the substrate a tank for receiving the stiffening agent, whose base is formed by a screen printing form and whose other walls are constructed in gas tight manner, and a pressure source connected to the tank is provided for the adjustment of the pressure in tank.
18. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which the screen printing form is constructed with different passage openings.
19. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which the screen printing form is constructed without a direct passage opening.
20. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which at least one direction to the direction of movement of the web substrate has a curved surface.
21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 20, in which in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement the substrate has a curved surface.
22. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which the tank is displaceable in a frame.
23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, in which the displacement is in two directions at right angles to one another.
24. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which the substrate or textile web is centred by movable stops.
25. Apparatus according to claim 17, in which the textile web is held on the substrate in positive engagement by means of holding-down devices or by pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH13'684/76 | 1976-10-29 | ||
| CH1368476A CH611101GA3 (en) | 1976-10-29 | 1976-10-29 | |
| CH6262/77 | 1977-05-20 | ||
| CH626277 | 1977-05-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1087353A true CA1087353A (en) | 1980-10-14 |
Family
ID=25699272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA289,205A Expired CA1087353A (en) | 1976-10-29 | 1977-10-21 | Method and apparatus for stiffening textile webs |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5358100A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU511865B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7707223A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1087353A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES463473A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1087088B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX145869A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL106320B1 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU258277A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL408719A1 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-04 | Askra Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Retractable handle for a dog leash |
-
1977
- 1977-10-17 AU AU29801/77A patent/AU511865B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-21 IT IT2886777A patent/IT1087088B/en active
- 1977-10-21 CA CA289,205A patent/CA1087353A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-22 ES ES463473A patent/ES463473A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-27 MX MX17111977A patent/MX145869A/en unknown
- 1977-10-27 BR BR7707223A patent/BR7707223A/en unknown
- 1977-10-27 YU YU258277A patent/YU258277A/en unknown
- 1977-10-28 JP JP12882877A patent/JPS5358100A/en active Pending
- 1977-10-29 PL PL20183377A patent/PL106320B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5358100A (en) | 1978-05-25 |
| YU258277A (en) | 1982-10-31 |
| AU2980177A (en) | 1979-04-26 |
| PL106320B1 (en) | 1979-12-31 |
| IT1087088B (en) | 1985-05-31 |
| ES463473A1 (en) | 1978-07-01 |
| BR7707223A (en) | 1978-07-25 |
| PL201833A1 (en) | 1978-06-05 |
| AU511865B2 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
| MX145869A (en) | 1982-04-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |