CA1086145A - Replaceable double glazed window defogging appliance and window structure therefor - Google Patents
Replaceable double glazed window defogging appliance and window structure thereforInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086145A CA1086145A CA273,869A CA273869A CA1086145A CA 1086145 A CA1086145 A CA 1086145A CA 273869 A CA273869 A CA 273869A CA 1086145 A CA1086145 A CA 1086145A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- panes
- tube
- container
- window
- gasket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A double glazed window has an appliance comprising a unitary, atmospheric pressure equalization and drying chamber in the form of a sealed, flexible walled container provided with means communicating from its interior to the space between the panes of the window. A separable coupling between the container and the space permits replacement of the appliance when its dry-ing capability is exhausted. The window frame construction un-obtrusively incorporates the appliance in a cavity which has a removable cover. Variations in atmospheric pressure are balanced within the space between the window panes by changes in the at-mospheric pressure on the flexible walled container while such changes transfer gas between the space and the container to ex-pose the space to the desiccant. One separable coupling passing the gas is a hollow needle inserted through a resilient, self-sealing, passage which can be integral with a seal gasket between the panes.
A double glazed window has an appliance comprising a unitary, atmospheric pressure equalization and drying chamber in the form of a sealed, flexible walled container provided with means communicating from its interior to the space between the panes of the window. A separable coupling between the container and the space permits replacement of the appliance when its dry-ing capability is exhausted. The window frame construction un-obtrusively incorporates the appliance in a cavity which has a removable cover. Variations in atmospheric pressure are balanced within the space between the window panes by changes in the at-mospheric pressure on the flexible walled container while such changes transfer gas between the space and the container to ex-pose the space to the desiccant. One separable coupling passing the gas is a hollow needle inserted through a resilient, self-sealing, passage which can be integral with a seal gasket between the panes.
Description
s The use of double panes of glass and even triple panes of glass in order -to provide insulation against heat and noise is well known. Such windows comprise two or more parallel panes of glass, usually mounted in an elastomeric ma~erial ~uch as rubber, for example. That is to say, a strip of rubber material is disposed between the panes of gla6s at their edges, the rubber on the outside of said edges and below said edges. Means for compressing the rubber so as to seal the glass panes therein and prevent air fro~ leaking into or out of the space between the panes is also provided.
In principle, the idea is extremely simple. Eowever, in order to be effective as an insulating device, it is necessary that the dead air space between the panes of glass is effectively sealed. Not only is the insulating value of such windows depen-dent upon the maintenance of the tight seal, but in addition, visibility also depends upon it. If moisture condenses on the inner surface of the glass, or if a film of grease or dirt accumulates thereon, visibility will obviously be adversely , .
-affected if not altogether destroyed. Since it is often imprac- ~
.
~ tical to clean the surfaces, lt is clear that an effective type seal is vital.
A number of attempts have been made from time to time to provide a satisfactory solution to the problem. These have in general involved the use of rubber sealing strips such as gaskets, with various means for compressing the gaskets against the panes.
Experience, however, shows that such constructions do not consis-tently provide sufficiently uniform pressure to provide an effective air-tight seal when subjected to conventional manufac-turing techniques, particularly in wooden sask constructions.
The use of a conventional rubber sealing strip in the L~
'~
normal way, that is, without special efforts to achieve uniform compression, substantially reduces the circulation between the ambient air and the space between the panes. One result i5 thus that the insulating effectiveness may reach a reasonably good level. Anot.her is that the accumulation oE dirt between the panes is retarded; howeverl when it accumulates, the situation is just as unsatisfactory as the case of an ordinary storm window.
If humid air gets into the space between the panes, and the ambient temperature drops~ condensation of moisture occurs bet-ween the panes and, since the circulation between the ambient airand the space between the panes is slow, the window may remain "fogyed" for very substantial periods of time. Thus, in order to decrease the dirt problem, one finds that one has in~roduced condensation problems which are quite detrimental to good visibility.
Various forms of factory sealed windows when maintained sealed as by fused metal or glass offer high quality insulation~ :
Where pressure elastomeric gasket seals or flexible adhesive seals are provided, the dirt and condensation problem is mini-mized but still existsO The difficulties with these windows arethe extremely high first cost, high insurance cost, and expense and difficulty of repair and replacement. The fact that Eactory fabricated insulating windows can be purchased only in certain specific standard sizes also places limitations in design, es- : .
pecially when curved windows are involved.
The fact that such expensive solutions have nevertheless found very substantial commercial success clearly indicates that th~ problem itself, that is obtaining good insulating quality without visibility impairment, is a pressing problem and a problem of great commercial importance, and one for which no
In principle, the idea is extremely simple. Eowever, in order to be effective as an insulating device, it is necessary that the dead air space between the panes of glass is effectively sealed. Not only is the insulating value of such windows depen-dent upon the maintenance of the tight seal, but in addition, visibility also depends upon it. If moisture condenses on the inner surface of the glass, or if a film of grease or dirt accumulates thereon, visibility will obviously be adversely , .
-affected if not altogether destroyed. Since it is often imprac- ~
.
~ tical to clean the surfaces, lt is clear that an effective type seal is vital.
A number of attempts have been made from time to time to provide a satisfactory solution to the problem. These have in general involved the use of rubber sealing strips such as gaskets, with various means for compressing the gaskets against the panes.
Experience, however, shows that such constructions do not consis-tently provide sufficiently uniform pressure to provide an effective air-tight seal when subjected to conventional manufac-turing techniques, particularly in wooden sask constructions.
The use of a conventional rubber sealing strip in the L~
'~
normal way, that is, without special efforts to achieve uniform compression, substantially reduces the circulation between the ambient air and the space between the panes. One result i5 thus that the insulating effectiveness may reach a reasonably good level. Anot.her is that the accumulation oE dirt between the panes is retarded; howeverl when it accumulates, the situation is just as unsatisfactory as the case of an ordinary storm window.
If humid air gets into the space between the panes, and the ambient temperature drops~ condensation of moisture occurs bet-ween the panes and, since the circulation between the ambient airand the space between the panes is slow, the window may remain "fogyed" for very substantial periods of time. Thus, in order to decrease the dirt problem, one finds that one has in~roduced condensation problems which are quite detrimental to good visibility.
Various forms of factory sealed windows when maintained sealed as by fused metal or glass offer high quality insulation~ :
Where pressure elastomeric gasket seals or flexible adhesive seals are provided, the dirt and condensation problem is mini-mized but still existsO The difficulties with these windows arethe extremely high first cost, high insurance cost, and expense and difficulty of repair and replacement. The fact that Eactory fabricated insulating windows can be purchased only in certain specific standard sizes also places limitations in design, es- : .
pecially when curved windows are involved.
The fact that such expensive solutions have nevertheless found very substantial commercial success clearly indicates that th~ problem itself, that is obtaining good insulating quality without visibility impairment, is a pressing problem and a problem of great commercial importance, and one for which no
- 2 -, j .
. .
obvious answer exists.
Thus, there remains a problem of providing a seal as good as presently possible only with factory fabricated insulat- -ing windows, which is at the same time inexpensive, readily adapted to any size or shape o~ window including curved windows, and which can be installed and repaired at the job site instead of requiring fac-tory fabricationO
Of course, air-tight seaLs are well known in technology, but the problem in connection with the insulating windows is to obtain a seal which is not only effective, but also extremely simple in design and installation and extremely low in cost.
Complicated constructions may make excellent air-tight seals for scientific and industrial apparatus, but have no place in the construction of buildings, or in vehicles such as automobiles, buses, trains, and airplanes, for which simplicity is required.
The difficulties which must be overcome in the solution of this problem include the following:
1) Considerable force must be necessary to make a tight seal, but glass panes must not he broken or stressed so that the glass panes might break upon a temperature or atmospheric pressure change of additional stress.
2) It is not sufficient to provide an excessively large force at some points and inadequate force elsewhere. "Averages"
are not what count here, but rather a uniform seal around the peripheral inner edges of the adjacent surfaces of the glass panes.
. .
obvious answer exists.
Thus, there remains a problem of providing a seal as good as presently possible only with factory fabricated insulat- -ing windows, which is at the same time inexpensive, readily adapted to any size or shape o~ window including curved windows, and which can be installed and repaired at the job site instead of requiring fac-tory fabricationO
Of course, air-tight seaLs are well known in technology, but the problem in connection with the insulating windows is to obtain a seal which is not only effective, but also extremely simple in design and installation and extremely low in cost.
Complicated constructions may make excellent air-tight seals for scientific and industrial apparatus, but have no place in the construction of buildings, or in vehicles such as automobiles, buses, trains, and airplanes, for which simplicity is required.
The difficulties which must be overcome in the solution of this problem include the following:
1) Considerable force must be necessary to make a tight seal, but glass panes must not he broken or stressed so that the glass panes might break upon a temperature or atmospheric pressure change of additional stress.
2) It is not sufficient to provide an excessively large force at some points and inadequate force elsewhere. "Averages"
are not what count here, but rather a uniform seal around the peripheral inner edges of the adjacent surfaces of the glass panes.
3) Expansions and contractions caused by temperature variations with seasonal changes and by pxe~sure variations with changes in elevation, for example during shipment, must be accounted for without causing breakage on one hand and/or air leakage on the other.
~13~6~
Here~ofore, pressure variations between the ga8 within the space between the lights of a double glazed window and at-mosphere as caused by temperature changes or changes in atmos-pheric pressure have been compensated to reduce the pressure differential across the seals between the lights by providing an auxiliary chamber containing a fixed amount of gas which is at the pressure within the space and is varied in volum~ to match or approach atmospheric ~ressure. Larkin United States Patent 1,852,661 of April 5, 1932 for "Show Case Refrigerator" discloses sylphons exterior of the double glazed windows of the case and in gas flow communication with the space between the lights 50 that they expand and contract to compensate for differences in pressure between the interior and exterior of the space. Miller ~t al., United States Patent 2,015,808 of October 1, 1935 for "Double Window Construction" discloses a frame including a cavity containing a tube of thin metal or rubber which may be collapsed and expanded when varying air pressures are applied to the unit~
The prior art has also attempted to eliminate the pro-blem of fogging between lights of a hermetically sealed window or trans~arent panel which is double glazed by introducing dry gas in the space between the lights and/or by including a desic-cant in a container in gas communication with that space.
~enhart United States Patent 1,913,205 of June 6, 1933 for "Anti-fogging Device" shows a tray of desiccant screened from but in gas f low communication with the space between lights of a double glazed window. Alternatively a number of patents disclose valves providing admission of gas to the space between lights of double glazed windows and suggest the temporary connection of sources of dry gas for drying and flushing such space.
~13~6~
Here~ofore, pressure variations between the ga8 within the space between the lights of a double glazed window and at-mosphere as caused by temperature changes or changes in atmos-pheric pressure have been compensated to reduce the pressure differential across the seals between the lights by providing an auxiliary chamber containing a fixed amount of gas which is at the pressure within the space and is varied in volum~ to match or approach atmospheric ~ressure. Larkin United States Patent 1,852,661 of April 5, 1932 for "Show Case Refrigerator" discloses sylphons exterior of the double glazed windows of the case and in gas flow communication with the space between the lights 50 that they expand and contract to compensate for differences in pressure between the interior and exterior of the space. Miller ~t al., United States Patent 2,015,808 of October 1, 1935 for "Double Window Construction" discloses a frame including a cavity containing a tube of thin metal or rubber which may be collapsed and expanded when varying air pressures are applied to the unit~
The prior art has also attempted to eliminate the pro-blem of fogging between lights of a hermetically sealed window or trans~arent panel which is double glazed by introducing dry gas in the space between the lights and/or by including a desic-cant in a container in gas communication with that space.
~enhart United States Patent 1,913,205 of June 6, 1933 for "Anti-fogging Device" shows a tray of desiccant screened from but in gas f low communication with the space between lights of a double glazed window. Alternatively a number of patents disclose valves providing admission of gas to the space between lights of double glazed windows and suggest the temporary connection of sources of dry gas for drying and flushing such space.
- 4 -~' Typical of these patents are:
United States Patents: 1,495,948 - Carney - May 27,1924 1,851,515 - Hunt et al.- March 29,1932 2,009,142 Marsh - July 23, 1935 2,117,581 - Stoneback - May 17, 1938 2,756,467 ~ Etling - July 31,1956 2,880,475 ~ Mills - April 7,195g Leaks in the units of the prior art having yas drying arrangements have resulted in the admission of sufficient mois-ture to exhaust the drying capabilities of the desiccant in those units containing a ~esiccant and the ultimate fogging of the interior of the window. These leaks have been attributed to the pressure differentials between the interior and exterior. In Summers United States Patent 2,083,622 of June 15, 1937 the con-cept of a pressure equalization mechanism combined with a drying medium is disclosed for a double walled panel which in some embodiments is of transparent material. The combination of Summers is cumbersome and does not lend itsel to application to -conventional windows. Further, if some leakage of moisture into the system does occur the desiccant can be exhausted with a re-sultant failure of the system.
A replacable desiccant supply has been proposed for doublt glazed windows. In Fox United States Patent 2,088,728 of August 3, 1937 for "Double Glazed Window" a detachable casing containing desiccant is screw coupled into a cavity in the face of the window frame which is in gas flow communication with the space between the window lights so that it can be replaced when the desiccant i9 spent. However, this casing protrudes from the window frame and offers an unsightly obstruction. Further, it ~ ~
is a dead end to the gas conduit from the window enclosure with -no circulating means and therefore offers only limited access to ;'~
the gas within the enclosure.
McCurdy et al. United States Patent 3,685,239 of
United States Patents: 1,495,948 - Carney - May 27,1924 1,851,515 - Hunt et al.- March 29,1932 2,009,142 Marsh - July 23, 1935 2,117,581 - Stoneback - May 17, 1938 2,756,467 ~ Etling - July 31,1956 2,880,475 ~ Mills - April 7,195g Leaks in the units of the prior art having yas drying arrangements have resulted in the admission of sufficient mois-ture to exhaust the drying capabilities of the desiccant in those units containing a ~esiccant and the ultimate fogging of the interior of the window. These leaks have been attributed to the pressure differentials between the interior and exterior. In Summers United States Patent 2,083,622 of June 15, 1937 the con-cept of a pressure equalization mechanism combined with a drying medium is disclosed for a double walled panel which in some embodiments is of transparent material. The combination of Summers is cumbersome and does not lend itsel to application to -conventional windows. Further, if some leakage of moisture into the system does occur the desiccant can be exhausted with a re-sultant failure of the system.
A replacable desiccant supply has been proposed for doublt glazed windows. In Fox United States Patent 2,088,728 of August 3, 1937 for "Double Glazed Window" a detachable casing containing desiccant is screw coupled into a cavity in the face of the window frame which is in gas flow communication with the space between the window lights so that it can be replaced when the desiccant i9 spent. However, this casing protrudes from the window frame and offers an unsightly obstruction. Further, it ~ ~
is a dead end to the gas conduit from the window enclosure with -no circulating means and therefore offers only limited access to ;'~
the gas within the enclosure.
McCurdy et al. United States Patent 3,685,239 of
- 5 -:
August 22, 1972 for "Hermetically Sealed Double Glazed Window Unit and Method for Sealing Same" discloses a rQchargeable desic-cant chamber in the wall of a window frame wh~rein a lower por can be opened to withdraw spent ~ranular desiccant and an upper port through which a new charge of desiccant can be in~roduced.
Screw plug seals are disclosed for each port.
According ~o one aspect o the invention, there i6 provided a pair of substantially parallel spaced apart panes of transparent sheet material; resilient gasket means disposed bet-ween the marginal edges o~ the facing surface~ of the panes; the gasket means having compressible faces engaging the adjacent faces o~ the spaced apart panes and defining an enclosed volume between the facing surfaces of the panes; a frame circumscribing the periphery of the panes, the frame including elements having grooves for receiving the marginal edges of ~he panes to urge the panes toward one another to compress the gasket means an amount su~ficient to produce an air-tight sealing contact between the marginal edges of the facing surfaces of the panes and the gas-ket means; at least one of the frame elements having a receptacle~
and a passage between the receptacle and the groove of the element; the gasket means having an aperture in registry with the passage and extending to the enclosed volume; a sealed de-tachable container having flexible walls fitted within said receptacle and carrying a quantity of dehydrating material; a rigid tube extending outwardly from said flexible walls of said container and sealingly secured ~o said container walls, the inside diameter of said gasket aperture being equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of said tube; and a means for supporting said tube with respect to said container to acilitate its manipulation through said gasket means aperture, said sup-~ 6 -~_; "
porting means comprising a grip means disposed within said container for facilitating insertion and removal of said tube;
said tube extending rom said container through said p~ssage and said gasket means aperture to provide gas flow communication betwPen the interior of said container and said enclosed volume;
and passage means providing communication between ambien~ atmos-phere and said receptacle within said frame ~or pumping gas bet-ween said container and said enclosed volume~
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an appliance adapted to be coupled to a double glazed window having a seal gasket engaging the marginal edges of ad-jacent faces of spaced apart panes of transparent sheet material, comprising an airtight bladder having flexible walls; a rigid tube extending outwardly from said flexible walls of said bladder ~ ~i and sealingly secured to said flexible walls; and a means for supporting said tube with respect to said bladder to facilitate its manipulation through said seal gasket, said supporting means comprising a grip means disposed within said bladder or ~aci-litating insertion and removal of said tube; said tube having an .
axial passage extending from said bladder and being adapted to be inserted through an aperture in said seal gasket to provide gas flow communication between the volume enclosed by said spaced apart panes and the interior of said bladder, the inside dia-meter of said gasket aperture being equa~ to or smaller than the outer diameter of said tube; a dehydrating agent within said bladder; a means to seal said tube pasæage from ambient atmos-phere~ -The container or bladder can expand and contractunder the influence of changes in atmospheric pressure thereby receiving and issuing gas by atmospheric pumping. This transfers ~6~
gas from space between the panes through the tube, which is in gas flow communication with the chamber-interior, and the cham-ber. The tube can be in~erted through a self-sealing puncture in the gasket between and sealing the space between the panes.
When withdrawn, the puncture tends to close thereby preventing any substantial influx o gas, dirt or moisture.
The invention will become more r~adily apparent to one skilled in the art from reading the following detailed des-cription of embodiments of the invention when considered in the light of the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a double glazed window construction embodying features of the present in-vention;
Figure 2 is a partially broken away perspectlve view of an assembled double glazed window construction embodying addi-tional features of the invention not illustrated in the embodiment of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the structure illus-trated - 7a -. .
in Figure 2 ~aken along line 3-3 thereof;
Figure 4 is an enlarged Eragmentary view in section illustrating the relative disposition of the frame, panes o glass, the pressure compensating and dehydrating appliance, and the sealing strip; and Figure 5 is an enlarged, partially broken away eleva-tional view of the pressure compensating and dehydra~iny a~pliance.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a window construc-tion preparatory to the final assembly. The window construction includes a pair of panes of glass 10 and 12 which are of sub-stantially identical dimensions. Many states have passed legis-lation requiring that glass used in openings which have baen de-fined as hazardous areas such as patios, doors and windows must be safety or tempered glass. Accordinyly, the type of trans-parent sheet material utilized for the lights or panes 10 and 12 may depend on local statutes and the particular type of material does not affect the present invention.
The frame of the window of Figure 1 includes frame elements 14, 16, 18, and 20 preferably formed of wood. Wood is chosen as the preferred material for use as the frame because of its low thermal conductivity. The frame elements 14 and 18 are substantially identical to one another. The bottom frame element 20 i5 deeper than the top element 16 and contains a cavity 21 open at its underside. The vertically disposed frame elements 14 and 18 are provided with longitudinally extending ~;
grooves 22 and 24, respectively. Threaded fastener receiving -~ -holes are suitably formed in the frame elements 14 and 18 at opposite ends thereof to receive threaded fasteners such as bolts 26.
~ ' ' "
., s The horizontally disposed frame elements 16 and 20 are provided with longi-tudinally extending grooves 28 and 30, res-pectively. Extending outwardly from opposite ends of the frame element 16 are tongues 32 and 34 which, in the assembled form of the window construction, fit within the grooves 22 and 24 of the frame elements 14 and 16, respectively. Inwardly of each of the tongues 32 and 34, slots 38 are formed to receive nuts 40 which are adapted to align with holes in the tongues 32 and 34 posi-tioned to receive the bolts 26 when the frame is assembled. The frame element 20 also has outwardly extending tongues 42 and 44 which fi-t within the grooves 22 and 24 of the frame elements 14 and 18, and have holes formed therein which are adapted to re-ceive the bolt 26 when the frame is assembled~ Slots ~not illustrated) are formed in the frame element 20 to receive the nuts 40 in the same manner as the slots 38 of the fxame element 16. It will be understood that the slots formed in the rame element 16 and 20 to receive the nuts 40 are fashioned such that when the nuts are disposed therewithin, the nuts are pre-vented from rotating and are snugly seated.
An elongate gasket strip 46 of an elastomeric material being contoured to form an airtight contact around the marginal edge por-tions of the facing surfaces of the glass panes 10 and 12 is placed around the panes 10 and 12. It has been found desirable to blunt the sharp edges of the cut glass panes 10 and 12 by use of an abrasi~e material such as fine grained tungst~n carbide, for example. This will enable the handling of the glass panes without accidental cutting of the elastomeric stip 46 or the assembler's hands. After assembly of the window to the form shown in Figure 2, it is desirable to flush a dry gas between the facing surfaces of the glass panes 10 and 12 to absorb moisture ~ .
'.
s in the air therebetween to thereby militate against a fogging condition which might be caused by condensation of the moisture in the en-trapped air. Such gas can be admitted through one of the passage 45 extending from cavity 21 through frame bottom 20 and the passage 47 through frame top 16 and withdrawn through the other of the passages as by means of hollow needles (not shown) which puncture strip 46 in registry with the respective passages 45 and 47.
In order to facIlitate the formation of a substantially right angle turn of the strip 46 at the corners of the glass panes 10 and 12, a transversa slit 48 is formed in the outer sur~
face of the strip. The opposite ends of thestrip 46, which are joined to complete the encircling seal, are typically beveled and glued together to form a scarf joint 49.
Finally, the frame elements 14, 16, 18 and 20 are placed over the e}astomericstrip 46 and the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12 in such a fashion that thestrip 46 and the marginal edges of the panes are received snugly within the grooves 22, 24, 28 and 30. During the assemblage of the frame elements over the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12 ; ~:, and the strip46, it will be understood that the width dimen-sion of the grooves 22, 24, 28 and 30 are such that thestrip 46 must be compressed to assure that an air-tight seal is formed .
between the opposing side walls of thes.trip and the adjacent inner facing surfaces of the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12. Then the bolts 26, in~erted in the holes formed in : .
the frame elements 14 and 18, are threadedly engaged with nuts 40 in slots 38, and are tightened to draw the tongues 32 and 34, 42 and 44 of the frame elements 16 and 20 snugly within the grooves :-formed in the associated frame elements 14 and 18. After the ~ ;
=~, - 10 ~
.. ~ . ~ - .
.. . .
: . .
bolts 26 are tightly secured and fastened within the nuts 40 the window constructLon is completed.
It will be observed that in the event that it is ever necessary to disassemble the window to clean the interior sur-faces of the glass panes 10 and 12, it is necessary only to loosen the four bolts 26 until they are disengaged from their respective nut 40 and pull the frame elements 14, 16~ 18 and 20 apart.
In order to minimize leakage due tv the changes in at-mospheric pressure and temperature to which the assembled windowunit is subjected, the unit is provided with a unitary appliance 50 which tends to eliminate pressure differentials between the gas filling the space between lights 10 and 12 and ambient at-mosphere by an equalizing flow of gas between the interior of the appliance 50 and the space as atmospheric pressure changes or as the temperature therein changes. This appliance 50 comprises a flexible walled, sealed chamber of gas impervious material such as a bladder 52 of an elastomer such as butyl rubber or the like having its ends 64 closed and sealed against the passage of air and moisture. In the usual applications to a sash 1 1/2 inches thick a bladder 1 1/2 inches in diameter can be fitted in a one inch wide cavity 21 two inches deep. A suitable combination for a window 30 inches square utilizes a bladder 52 which is fourteen inches long and is in a slack condition at normal atmospheric pressure. A conduit 54 which can be a copper tube of from 1/8 inch to three sixteenth inch outer diameter having an axial pas-sage for gas is arranged with a rigid tab 56, which may be sheet copper, soldered thereto is mounted internally of bladder 52 to -provide a grip elemen~ for insertion of the rigid tube 54 through passage 45 and through aperture 58 in gasket strip 46. Tube 54
August 22, 1972 for "Hermetically Sealed Double Glazed Window Unit and Method for Sealing Same" discloses a rQchargeable desic-cant chamber in the wall of a window frame wh~rein a lower por can be opened to withdraw spent ~ranular desiccant and an upper port through which a new charge of desiccant can be in~roduced.
Screw plug seals are disclosed for each port.
According ~o one aspect o the invention, there i6 provided a pair of substantially parallel spaced apart panes of transparent sheet material; resilient gasket means disposed bet-ween the marginal edges o~ the facing surface~ of the panes; the gasket means having compressible faces engaging the adjacent faces o~ the spaced apart panes and defining an enclosed volume between the facing surfaces of the panes; a frame circumscribing the periphery of the panes, the frame including elements having grooves for receiving the marginal edges of ~he panes to urge the panes toward one another to compress the gasket means an amount su~ficient to produce an air-tight sealing contact between the marginal edges of the facing surfaces of the panes and the gas-ket means; at least one of the frame elements having a receptacle~
and a passage between the receptacle and the groove of the element; the gasket means having an aperture in registry with the passage and extending to the enclosed volume; a sealed de-tachable container having flexible walls fitted within said receptacle and carrying a quantity of dehydrating material; a rigid tube extending outwardly from said flexible walls of said container and sealingly secured ~o said container walls, the inside diameter of said gasket aperture being equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of said tube; and a means for supporting said tube with respect to said container to acilitate its manipulation through said gasket means aperture, said sup-~ 6 -~_; "
porting means comprising a grip means disposed within said container for facilitating insertion and removal of said tube;
said tube extending rom said container through said p~ssage and said gasket means aperture to provide gas flow communication betwPen the interior of said container and said enclosed volume;
and passage means providing communication between ambien~ atmos-phere and said receptacle within said frame ~or pumping gas bet-ween said container and said enclosed volume~
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an appliance adapted to be coupled to a double glazed window having a seal gasket engaging the marginal edges of ad-jacent faces of spaced apart panes of transparent sheet material, comprising an airtight bladder having flexible walls; a rigid tube extending outwardly from said flexible walls of said bladder ~ ~i and sealingly secured to said flexible walls; and a means for supporting said tube with respect to said bladder to facilitate its manipulation through said seal gasket, said supporting means comprising a grip means disposed within said bladder or ~aci-litating insertion and removal of said tube; said tube having an .
axial passage extending from said bladder and being adapted to be inserted through an aperture in said seal gasket to provide gas flow communication between the volume enclosed by said spaced apart panes and the interior of said bladder, the inside dia-meter of said gasket aperture being equa~ to or smaller than the outer diameter of said tube; a dehydrating agent within said bladder; a means to seal said tube pasæage from ambient atmos-phere~ -The container or bladder can expand and contractunder the influence of changes in atmospheric pressure thereby receiving and issuing gas by atmospheric pumping. This transfers ~6~
gas from space between the panes through the tube, which is in gas flow communication with the chamber-interior, and the cham-ber. The tube can be in~erted through a self-sealing puncture in the gasket between and sealing the space between the panes.
When withdrawn, the puncture tends to close thereby preventing any substantial influx o gas, dirt or moisture.
The invention will become more r~adily apparent to one skilled in the art from reading the following detailed des-cription of embodiments of the invention when considered in the light of the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a double glazed window construction embodying features of the present in-vention;
Figure 2 is a partially broken away perspectlve view of an assembled double glazed window construction embodying addi-tional features of the invention not illustrated in the embodiment of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the structure illus-trated - 7a -. .
in Figure 2 ~aken along line 3-3 thereof;
Figure 4 is an enlarged Eragmentary view in section illustrating the relative disposition of the frame, panes o glass, the pressure compensating and dehydrating appliance, and the sealing strip; and Figure 5 is an enlarged, partially broken away eleva-tional view of the pressure compensating and dehydra~iny a~pliance.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a window construc-tion preparatory to the final assembly. The window construction includes a pair of panes of glass 10 and 12 which are of sub-stantially identical dimensions. Many states have passed legis-lation requiring that glass used in openings which have baen de-fined as hazardous areas such as patios, doors and windows must be safety or tempered glass. Accordinyly, the type of trans-parent sheet material utilized for the lights or panes 10 and 12 may depend on local statutes and the particular type of material does not affect the present invention.
The frame of the window of Figure 1 includes frame elements 14, 16, 18, and 20 preferably formed of wood. Wood is chosen as the preferred material for use as the frame because of its low thermal conductivity. The frame elements 14 and 18 are substantially identical to one another. The bottom frame element 20 i5 deeper than the top element 16 and contains a cavity 21 open at its underside. The vertically disposed frame elements 14 and 18 are provided with longitudinally extending ~;
grooves 22 and 24, respectively. Threaded fastener receiving -~ -holes are suitably formed in the frame elements 14 and 18 at opposite ends thereof to receive threaded fasteners such as bolts 26.
~ ' ' "
., s The horizontally disposed frame elements 16 and 20 are provided with longi-tudinally extending grooves 28 and 30, res-pectively. Extending outwardly from opposite ends of the frame element 16 are tongues 32 and 34 which, in the assembled form of the window construction, fit within the grooves 22 and 24 of the frame elements 14 and 16, respectively. Inwardly of each of the tongues 32 and 34, slots 38 are formed to receive nuts 40 which are adapted to align with holes in the tongues 32 and 34 posi-tioned to receive the bolts 26 when the frame is assembled. The frame element 20 also has outwardly extending tongues 42 and 44 which fi-t within the grooves 22 and 24 of the frame elements 14 and 18, and have holes formed therein which are adapted to re-ceive the bolt 26 when the frame is assembled~ Slots ~not illustrated) are formed in the frame element 20 to receive the nuts 40 in the same manner as the slots 38 of the fxame element 16. It will be understood that the slots formed in the rame element 16 and 20 to receive the nuts 40 are fashioned such that when the nuts are disposed therewithin, the nuts are pre-vented from rotating and are snugly seated.
An elongate gasket strip 46 of an elastomeric material being contoured to form an airtight contact around the marginal edge por-tions of the facing surfaces of the glass panes 10 and 12 is placed around the panes 10 and 12. It has been found desirable to blunt the sharp edges of the cut glass panes 10 and 12 by use of an abrasi~e material such as fine grained tungst~n carbide, for example. This will enable the handling of the glass panes without accidental cutting of the elastomeric stip 46 or the assembler's hands. After assembly of the window to the form shown in Figure 2, it is desirable to flush a dry gas between the facing surfaces of the glass panes 10 and 12 to absorb moisture ~ .
'.
s in the air therebetween to thereby militate against a fogging condition which might be caused by condensation of the moisture in the en-trapped air. Such gas can be admitted through one of the passage 45 extending from cavity 21 through frame bottom 20 and the passage 47 through frame top 16 and withdrawn through the other of the passages as by means of hollow needles (not shown) which puncture strip 46 in registry with the respective passages 45 and 47.
In order to facIlitate the formation of a substantially right angle turn of the strip 46 at the corners of the glass panes 10 and 12, a transversa slit 48 is formed in the outer sur~
face of the strip. The opposite ends of thestrip 46, which are joined to complete the encircling seal, are typically beveled and glued together to form a scarf joint 49.
Finally, the frame elements 14, 16, 18 and 20 are placed over the e}astomericstrip 46 and the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12 in such a fashion that thestrip 46 and the marginal edges of the panes are received snugly within the grooves 22, 24, 28 and 30. During the assemblage of the frame elements over the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12 ; ~:, and the strip46, it will be understood that the width dimen-sion of the grooves 22, 24, 28 and 30 are such that thestrip 46 must be compressed to assure that an air-tight seal is formed .
between the opposing side walls of thes.trip and the adjacent inner facing surfaces of the marginal edges of the glass panes 10 and 12. Then the bolts 26, in~erted in the holes formed in : .
the frame elements 14 and 18, are threadedly engaged with nuts 40 in slots 38, and are tightened to draw the tongues 32 and 34, 42 and 44 of the frame elements 16 and 20 snugly within the grooves :-formed in the associated frame elements 14 and 18. After the ~ ;
=~, - 10 ~
.. ~ . ~ - .
.. . .
: . .
bolts 26 are tightly secured and fastened within the nuts 40 the window constructLon is completed.
It will be observed that in the event that it is ever necessary to disassemble the window to clean the interior sur-faces of the glass panes 10 and 12, it is necessary only to loosen the four bolts 26 until they are disengaged from their respective nut 40 and pull the frame elements 14, 16~ 18 and 20 apart.
In order to minimize leakage due tv the changes in at-mospheric pressure and temperature to which the assembled windowunit is subjected, the unit is provided with a unitary appliance 50 which tends to eliminate pressure differentials between the gas filling the space between lights 10 and 12 and ambient at-mosphere by an equalizing flow of gas between the interior of the appliance 50 and the space as atmospheric pressure changes or as the temperature therein changes. This appliance 50 comprises a flexible walled, sealed chamber of gas impervious material such as a bladder 52 of an elastomer such as butyl rubber or the like having its ends 64 closed and sealed against the passage of air and moisture. In the usual applications to a sash 1 1/2 inches thick a bladder 1 1/2 inches in diameter can be fitted in a one inch wide cavity 21 two inches deep. A suitable combination for a window 30 inches square utilizes a bladder 52 which is fourteen inches long and is in a slack condition at normal atmospheric pressure. A conduit 54 which can be a copper tube of from 1/8 inch to three sixteenth inch outer diameter having an axial pas-sage for gas is arranged with a rigid tab 56, which may be sheet copper, soldered thereto is mounted internally of bladder 52 to -provide a grip elemen~ for insertion of the rigid tube 54 through passage 45 and through aperture 58 in gasket strip 46. Tube 54
6~
is passecl through an undersized aperture 60 in bladder 52 so that the resilience of the bladder wa]l around the perimeter of aperture 60 seals the wall to the tube against the passage of air or moisture. Similarly, the aperture 58 in gasket strip 46 is of srnaller d.iameter than the outer diameter of tube 54 to efEect an air and moisture seal between those elaments.
In practice the tube 54 and tab 56 are assembled and then mounted in the bladder 52 with tube 54 passed through aper-ture 60. The desiccant S2 in granular form such as W. R. Grace No. 801 desiccant, is poured into the bladder 52 to fill about half the bladder volume, about 50 grams of desiccant in the example. Advantageously, passage of desiccant through tube 54 is blacked by a gas permeable plug 63 such as a cotton body.
The bladder is then sealed as by closing the end through which the tube-tab subassembly and desiccant were introduced and the end 65 of tube 54 is sealed as by placing an elastomeri.c cap 66 ~' .
over the end 65. End 65 is reduced in its outer diameter to facilitate application of cap 66 and insertion of tube 54 through ~.
aperture 58 in gasket strip 46. A lubricant for metal to rubber :;
joints can be applied to tube 54 to further facilitate its ,~
passage through apertures 58 and 60 and to enhance the seals. ~: ~
Typically, a silicone lubricant can be employed for this purpose. ::
The assembled window is made up with the pressure ~ ~;
equalization and dryer appliance 50 mounted in cavity 21 and with the end of tube 54 inserted through aperture 58 and into the space between lights 10 and 12 after removal of the seal cap 66, When thus assembled following flushing of the space with dry gas, the appliance tends to eliminate pressure differentials between the space and ambient atmosphere by the expansion and contraction of the bladder 52. It thereby militates agains~ the transfer of ambient atmosphere into the space between the lights. How~ver, in the event there is any leakage, the transfer of the gas in the space intermediate the lights 10 and 12 between that space and the interior of bladder 52 with changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature circulates the gas over the desiccant 62 to dry it and prevent fogging.
In the event sufficient moisture is admitted to the space between lights 10 and 12 to sa-turate the desiccant 62 so that -the window becomes ogged, replacement of the drylng and pressure compensating appliance 50 can be readily accomplished by withdrawing tube 54 of the spent appliance 50 frQm aperture 46 and removing the entire subassembly from cavity 21. A new appliance 50 with dry desiccant can be mounted in cavity 21 by grasping tab 56 through the flexible walls of bladder 52 and employing it as a handle to insert the tapered tip of new tube 54 into aperture 46.
As is best seen in Figures 4 and 5 the appliance inter-ior, i. e. the interior of the flacid elastomeric envelope form-ing bladder 52, is isolated from ambient atmospheric moisture both while stored for future use, as when held for sale to a consumer, and when applied to the window so that the desiccant 62 is exposed only to the limited atmosphere enclosed in the bladder 52 and, when applied to the window, to the atmosphere in the space between lights 10 and 12. Gasket strip 46 embraces tube 54 by the resilience of the walls surrounding aperture 58 in Figure 4. Seal cap 66 sealingly embraces the end of tube 54, as shown in Figure 5, prior to installation of appliance 50 in a window unit.
The mounting of appliance 50 in bottom frame member 20 is generally shown in the sectional view of Figure 4. Cavity 21 is formed ln memker 20 with a land 68 at its perime-ter on -the inner side of the sash. A cover panel 70, which can be wood to match the rernainder of the frame is mounted flush with the exposed inner face 72 of member 20 and ayains-t land ~8 to pre-sent an unbroken appearance at outer face 72. Wood screws 74 are shown securing panel 70.
Ambient atmospheric pressure is provided access to cavity 21 and thus the exterior of bladder 52 by vent holes 76 unobtrusively located in the bottom 78 of the element 20 and communicating between the exterior and cavity 21~ In the illus-tration, the vent holes 76 extend into a weatherstripping slot ~ :
80 in bottom 78. .
A fogged window is dried by removal o panel 70, grasp-ing tab 56 through the squeezing of the opposed walls of bladder 52 overlying that tab 56, as between the thumb and forefinger and withdrawing tube 54 from aperture 58. The new appliance 50 ~ . .
is then stripped of its cap 66 and its tube 54 inserted by grasp~
ing its tab 56 and employing it as a handle for inserting tube 54 through passage 47 into aperture 58. The cover panel 70 is then remounted.
It will be appreciated that the appliance 50 is con-templated as an expendable item of commerce which can be sold separately as a replacement element for the dehydration and ;.
pressure compensation of the window unit. Further, since the window unit offers a dry assembly, that is, it requires no mastic or putty, on site disassembly and assem~ly is facilitated.
For example, i one or both lights might be broken, they can be replaced on site by disassembly of the sash, replacement of the broken light of lights and if necessary, the gasket strip 46, reassembly of the sash upon the paired and gasketed lights and - 14 ~
~ .
S
the installation of a dehydrating and pressure compensating appliance S0. Where high moisture content of the reassembled unit saturates the desiccant 62 of the initlally installed appliance 50, a second appliance containing fresh desiccant can be substituted after -the reassembled window unit has been partially dried by the first.
The invention has been illustrated with a single appliance. Several appliances might be provided on larger windows or where conditions tend to cause large amounts of mois-ture to be admitted between the lights. The material of thewindow units and their assembly elements and techniques can be varied. Accordlngly, it is to be appreciated that the above disclosure is illustrative of the invention and is not to be read in a limiting sense.
~ ~ 15 _ .
is passecl through an undersized aperture 60 in bladder 52 so that the resilience of the bladder wa]l around the perimeter of aperture 60 seals the wall to the tube against the passage of air or moisture. Similarly, the aperture 58 in gasket strip 46 is of srnaller d.iameter than the outer diameter of tube 54 to efEect an air and moisture seal between those elaments.
In practice the tube 54 and tab 56 are assembled and then mounted in the bladder 52 with tube 54 passed through aper-ture 60. The desiccant S2 in granular form such as W. R. Grace No. 801 desiccant, is poured into the bladder 52 to fill about half the bladder volume, about 50 grams of desiccant in the example. Advantageously, passage of desiccant through tube 54 is blacked by a gas permeable plug 63 such as a cotton body.
The bladder is then sealed as by closing the end through which the tube-tab subassembly and desiccant were introduced and the end 65 of tube 54 is sealed as by placing an elastomeri.c cap 66 ~' .
over the end 65. End 65 is reduced in its outer diameter to facilitate application of cap 66 and insertion of tube 54 through ~.
aperture 58 in gasket strip 46. A lubricant for metal to rubber :;
joints can be applied to tube 54 to further facilitate its ,~
passage through apertures 58 and 60 and to enhance the seals. ~: ~
Typically, a silicone lubricant can be employed for this purpose. ::
The assembled window is made up with the pressure ~ ~;
equalization and dryer appliance 50 mounted in cavity 21 and with the end of tube 54 inserted through aperture 58 and into the space between lights 10 and 12 after removal of the seal cap 66, When thus assembled following flushing of the space with dry gas, the appliance tends to eliminate pressure differentials between the space and ambient atmosphere by the expansion and contraction of the bladder 52. It thereby militates agains~ the transfer of ambient atmosphere into the space between the lights. How~ver, in the event there is any leakage, the transfer of the gas in the space intermediate the lights 10 and 12 between that space and the interior of bladder 52 with changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature circulates the gas over the desiccant 62 to dry it and prevent fogging.
In the event sufficient moisture is admitted to the space between lights 10 and 12 to sa-turate the desiccant 62 so that -the window becomes ogged, replacement of the drylng and pressure compensating appliance 50 can be readily accomplished by withdrawing tube 54 of the spent appliance 50 frQm aperture 46 and removing the entire subassembly from cavity 21. A new appliance 50 with dry desiccant can be mounted in cavity 21 by grasping tab 56 through the flexible walls of bladder 52 and employing it as a handle to insert the tapered tip of new tube 54 into aperture 46.
As is best seen in Figures 4 and 5 the appliance inter-ior, i. e. the interior of the flacid elastomeric envelope form-ing bladder 52, is isolated from ambient atmospheric moisture both while stored for future use, as when held for sale to a consumer, and when applied to the window so that the desiccant 62 is exposed only to the limited atmosphere enclosed in the bladder 52 and, when applied to the window, to the atmosphere in the space between lights 10 and 12. Gasket strip 46 embraces tube 54 by the resilience of the walls surrounding aperture 58 in Figure 4. Seal cap 66 sealingly embraces the end of tube 54, as shown in Figure 5, prior to installation of appliance 50 in a window unit.
The mounting of appliance 50 in bottom frame member 20 is generally shown in the sectional view of Figure 4. Cavity 21 is formed ln memker 20 with a land 68 at its perime-ter on -the inner side of the sash. A cover panel 70, which can be wood to match the rernainder of the frame is mounted flush with the exposed inner face 72 of member 20 and ayains-t land ~8 to pre-sent an unbroken appearance at outer face 72. Wood screws 74 are shown securing panel 70.
Ambient atmospheric pressure is provided access to cavity 21 and thus the exterior of bladder 52 by vent holes 76 unobtrusively located in the bottom 78 of the element 20 and communicating between the exterior and cavity 21~ In the illus-tration, the vent holes 76 extend into a weatherstripping slot ~ :
80 in bottom 78. .
A fogged window is dried by removal o panel 70, grasp-ing tab 56 through the squeezing of the opposed walls of bladder 52 overlying that tab 56, as between the thumb and forefinger and withdrawing tube 54 from aperture 58. The new appliance 50 ~ . .
is then stripped of its cap 66 and its tube 54 inserted by grasp~
ing its tab 56 and employing it as a handle for inserting tube 54 through passage 47 into aperture 58. The cover panel 70 is then remounted.
It will be appreciated that the appliance 50 is con-templated as an expendable item of commerce which can be sold separately as a replacement element for the dehydration and ;.
pressure compensation of the window unit. Further, since the window unit offers a dry assembly, that is, it requires no mastic or putty, on site disassembly and assem~ly is facilitated.
For example, i one or both lights might be broken, they can be replaced on site by disassembly of the sash, replacement of the broken light of lights and if necessary, the gasket strip 46, reassembly of the sash upon the paired and gasketed lights and - 14 ~
~ .
S
the installation of a dehydrating and pressure compensating appliance S0. Where high moisture content of the reassembled unit saturates the desiccant 62 of the initlally installed appliance 50, a second appliance containing fresh desiccant can be substituted after -the reassembled window unit has been partially dried by the first.
The invention has been illustrated with a single appliance. Several appliances might be provided on larger windows or where conditions tend to cause large amounts of mois-ture to be admitted between the lights. The material of thewindow units and their assembly elements and techniques can be varied. Accordlngly, it is to be appreciated that the above disclosure is illustrative of the invention and is not to be read in a limiting sense.
~ ~ 15 _ .
Claims (2)
1. In combination a pair of substantially parallel spaced apart panes o transparent sheet material; resilient gasket means disposed between the marginal edges of the facing surfaces of said panes; said gasket means having compressible faces engaging the adjacent faces of said spaced apart panes and defining an enclosed volume between the facing surfaces of said panes, a frame circumscribing the periphery of said panes, said frame including elements each having a groove for receiving the respective ones of the marginal edges of said panes to urge said panes toward one another to compress said gasket means an amount sufficient to produce an air-tight sealing contact between the marginal edges o the facing surfaces of said panes and said gasket means; at least one of said frame elements having a receptacle, and a passage between said receptacle and the groove of said element; said gasket means having an aperture in registry with said passage and extending to said enclosed volume; a detachable container having flexible walls fitted within said receptacle and carrying a quantity of dehydrating material; a rigid tube extending outwardly from said flexible walls of said container and sealingly secured to said container walls, the inside diameter of said gasket aperture being equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of said tube; and a means for supporting said tube with respect :to said container to facilitate its manipulation through said gasket means aperture, said supporting means comprising a grip means disposed within said container for facilitating insertion and removal of said tube; said tube extending rom said container through said passage and said gasket means aperture to provide gas flow communication between khe interior of said container and said enclosed volume; and passage means providing communication between ambient atmosphere and said receptacle within said frame for pumping gas between said container and said enclosed volume.
2. The combination according to claim 1 wherein said gasket means is resilient and said grip means comprises a rigid grip element of extended area rigidly coupled to said tube to facilitate insertion of said tube through said gasket means aperture; and a sealed coupling between khe resilient walls of said gasket means aperture and said tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,869A CA1086145A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1977-03-14 | Replaceable double glazed window defogging appliance and window structure therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,869A CA1086145A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1977-03-14 | Replaceable double glazed window defogging appliance and window structure therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086145A true CA1086145A (en) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=4108145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,869A Expired CA1086145A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1977-03-14 | Replaceable double glazed window defogging appliance and window structure therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1086145A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9322703B2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2016-04-26 | Perkinelmer Singapore Pte Ltd. | Spectroscopic instrument |
-
1977
- 1977-03-14 CA CA273,869A patent/CA1086145A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9322703B2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2016-04-26 | Perkinelmer Singapore Pte Ltd. | Spectroscopic instrument |
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| MKEX | Expiry |