CA1084018A - Compressor with versatile service line connection options and method of manufacture - Google Patents
Compressor with versatile service line connection options and method of manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1084018A CA1084018A CA293,456A CA293456A CA1084018A CA 1084018 A CA1084018 A CA 1084018A CA 293456 A CA293456 A CA 293456A CA 1084018 A CA1084018 A CA 1084018A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- suction
- chamber
- discharge
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/005—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders with two cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
- F04B39/121—Casings
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A refrigerant compressor which includes mounting arrangements for suction and discharge connections arranged on opposite sides of said compressor to permit the service lines, leading respectively from the evaporator and to the condenser, to be installed from the front or the rear of said compressor, thus increasing its versatility and lending itself to various optional installation configurations.
A refrigerant compressor which includes mounting arrangements for suction and discharge connections arranged on opposite sides of said compressor to permit the service lines, leading respectively from the evaporator and to the condenser, to be installed from the front or the rear of said compressor, thus increasing its versatility and lending itself to various optional installation configurations.
Description
~0~4al~
This invention relates to gas compressors, parti-cularly to those which are suitable for use in air con-ditioning applications, and even more specifically to automotive air conditioners. With the trend toward smaller cars and lower hood profiles, there is an important requirement that the automotive compressor be adapted to fit almost anywhere within the engine compartment that space can be made available. The usual accessories such as power steering, air conditioning etc.
combined with all the various emission control equipment severley crowd the engine compartment. The manufacturers of automotive air conditioning equipment also find it desirable to manufacture a standard compressor which can be used for several different types of automobiles in a variety of configurations. For example, some automobiles require that service lines, viz., the suction and discharge lines leading respectively from the evaporator and to the condenser, be installed so that they run forward from the compressor. Still others require that the service lines extend aft.
Harter et al (U.S. Patent 3,041,~47) shows a two cylinder reciprocating compressor of a design similar to the compressor of this invention. However, the suction and discharge gas lines are connected to the head.
According to the present invention, there is provided a compressor including a housing having means defining a pair of spaced cylinders with a piston received in each cylinder, the pistons being adapted to be driven in a reciprocating fashion. A valve plate assembly is provided which includes a suction port and a discharge port associated with each cylinder, and suction and discharge valves cooperating respectively with the suction 10~4Vlb~
and discharge ports. The valve plate assembly, the cylinders and pistions cooperating to define gas working spaces, the pistons being adapted to compress a fluid introduced into the gas working spaces. The housing is further provided with a first chamber for receiving gas at low pressure for introduction into both the gas working spaces, the chamber being defined, in part, by a first outside wall of the housing, and a second chamber adapted to receive compressed gas from both the gas working spaces, the chamber being defined, in part, by a second outside side wall of the housing opposite to the first outside side wall. A head member is secured in overlying relationship with respect to the valve plate assembly, the head member having a means defining a high pressure zone and a low pressure zone communicating respectively with the discharge and the suction ports.
A pair of spaced, thin-walled sections is provided in the first outside wall, one of the sections being punched through to provide a suction gas passage communicating directly with the first housing chamber. A pair of spaced, thin walled sections is provided in the second outside side wall, one of the sections being punched through to provide a discharge gas passage communicating directly with the second housing chamber. Means defines a first passage in the valve plate assembly between the first chamber and the low pressure zone. Means defines a second passage in the valve plate assembly between the high pressure zone and the second chamber so that the suction gaS flows from the first chamber through the first passage in the valve plate assembly, into the low pressure zone, then through the suction ports to the gas working space, and after compression through the discharge ports ~ - 2 -s~/
., . ~
10~41)1~
into the high pressure zone and then through the second passage in the valve plate assembly into the second chamber within the housing.
In the present invention, the compressor is fabricated from a housing blank which is designed to allow connections to be made at several different locations including the head and crankcase. In the latter case, the suction and discharge gas lines would extend below the gasket surface between the valve plate and the crankcase permitting a much lower profile and permitting the compressor to be installed in several different ways, even horizontally with respect to the piston reciprocation axis.
The housing blank may be cast or otherwise formed with thin walled areas in several locations. These areas can then be selectively punched out to form the refrigerant passages. The portion of the exterior housing wall around the passages can be machined and drilled to receive the hardware for attaching the lines. Considerable savings in production costs are achieved by the expedient of making several different compressor designs from a single housing b~ank.
A specific arrangement is provided wherein the suction gas is first admitted to a chamber in the crank-case and is then delivered up through a passage in the valve plate assembly into a low pressure chamber in the head. From there it passes downwardly through suction ports formed in the head, the suction valve and to the gas working space defined by the face of the piston, the cy1inders, and the valve plate. After the gas is compressed it flows through discharge ports in the valve plate, through the discharge valve into a high pressure ~ - 2a -sb/`~
lV~4018 chamber formed within the head. From there it flows - downwardly through a passage in the valve plate.into a cham~er formed in the crankcase, and then out through the discharge gas line connected therewith.
Description of the Drawings FIGURE 1 is a cross section view of the compressor constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a plan view ta~en along the plane of line 2-2 of FIGURE 1 showing the construction of the crankcase;
- 2b -sb/)~
0, 5150-Y
40 1~
FIGURE 3 is a partial cross section view ta~en along the plane of line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;
FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the underside of the head assembly as viewed along the plane of line 4-4 of FIGURE l;
FIGURE 5 is a plan view of the valve plate as viewed along the plane of line 5-5 of EIGURE l;
FIGURE 6 is a plan view of the valve plate as vier.Jed along the plane of line 6-~ of ~I~URE l;
FIGURE 7 is a front eleva~ion vieW of the com?ressor;
and FI~URE 8 is a rear elevation view of the com~ essor.
Detailed Descripti~n of the Invention : As ~est shown in FIGURE l, the com~ressor forming the su~ject of the present inve~l~ion comprises a housing 10 including an annular boss 1~ ~hich accomodates one of the bearings 14 supporting crankshaft 16. A seal plate assembly 18 is bolted to the boss and surrounds the axially ~rojecting portion l9 of the crankshaft which is tyPically connected to the driven portion o~ an electromagnetic clut~n assembly.
The seal assembly includes a rotating seal element 20 in running contact with a stationary seal plate 22.
The other end of the c~nkshaft 16 is journalled in a bearing 26 supported in a bearing housing 28. The latter is bol~ed to the rear of ~he cra~l;case ~y means ~ machine screws 2~ (see FIGU~E 8).
The compressor shaft k; is provided with bearing surfaces for the connecting rods 30 and 32 which are, in turn, secured to pistons 34, 36 by piston wrist ~ins 38, 40. The pistons are received within cylinder liners 42 and 44 ~hich are cast in place in the upper section of the housing casting.
The bottom of the housing 10 is enclosed by means of a lower plate 50 which is bol~ed or otherwise secured to the base, as at 52. As best shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, which are, respectively, plan vieWs of the top and bottom side of the valve plate 54, (with the suction and discharge valves in position), it will be noted that a nu.s~ber of bolts 56 extelld through the head 5~, the valve ?la.e 54, and the upper and lower gaskets 60, 62. Each valve assembly 64, 66 is made u~ of a lower suction valve 68 which normally closes a series of suction ports 70 which are circu~ferentially s~aced around the center of the valve plate. At the top side of the valve plate are the discharge valves 72 which are positioned inwardly from the suction ~orts in circum-ferentially spaced relation. Each of the discharge valves normally covers a series of circumferentially spaced discharge ports 74. Each valve assembly is hel.d to~ether by pins 76 which also anchor the discharge valve guards 78 above the discharge valves to limit the travel thereof.
The head 58, which is best shown in FIGU~E 4, includes an interior wall 80 which enci.rcles each of the va~ve assemblies and, when in position, is fitted up against the valve plate between the suction ports and the discharge ~orts, there~y separating the head into a high ~ressure discharge gas zone 82 and a low pressure, suction gas zone 84.
0~5150-Y iO~Ol~
The top of the housing 10 has a machined u?per surface 86, illustrated in FIGURE 2, which cooperates ~ith the valve plate 54 to define gas chambers 88, 90 on opposite sides thereof between side wall 92, 93 and the cylinder walls 94, 95. These chambers, respectively, are the suction and discharge gas cham~ers which communicate with the lines carrying the refrigerant into and out of the com~ressor.
After the gas is compressed in gas wor~ing spaces 96, it flows through the discharge ~orts 7~ and valve 72 into the central chamber 82 in the head. From there it flows do~m~,7ardly rough apertures 100 in the valve plate which communicate ~ith chamber 90 (FIGURE 2). At the same time, suction gas which is received in chamber 88 ~asses upwardly through ~pertures 102 in the valve ~late into the 10~J pressure region 84 in the head which sup~lies suction gas to the gas working spaces 96 through the suction ports 70 in the head.
As will be seen in FIGURE 3, the connections to chambers 88, 90 may be punched through one of a ~air of thin walled sections 110, 111 in each of the front wall 114 and rear wall 115 of housing 10, Sections lln are adjacent to suction chamber 88 and sections 111 are adjacent the discharge chamber 90. Each such thin-walled section has a surrounding surface 112 (see FIGURES 7 and 8) which is machined flat for the appropriate hardware ~not shown) for mounting the suction and discharge lines. The mounting flanges can be bolted to the housing typically at 116.
40~
The thin walled sections are punched out in accordance with the requirements of the compressor for either fore or aft service line connections and then the mounting bracket for the refrigerant lines is attached to the surfaces 112 surrounding the punched through section. The remaining locations for mounting the service lines, are, of course, unpunched and remain as sho~m in FIGUR~ 3.
The arrangement described above permits a great ver-satility in being able to provide several d-ifferent tyves of com?ressors from a single housing blank. Regardless of the configuration and orientation of the service lines connections, the appropriate thin walled sections can be ~unched through to provide the correct fitting to the compressor. This results in considerable savings in Production costs and the related cost of maintaining an inventory of different types of cast housing blanks.
This invention relates to gas compressors, parti-cularly to those which are suitable for use in air con-ditioning applications, and even more specifically to automotive air conditioners. With the trend toward smaller cars and lower hood profiles, there is an important requirement that the automotive compressor be adapted to fit almost anywhere within the engine compartment that space can be made available. The usual accessories such as power steering, air conditioning etc.
combined with all the various emission control equipment severley crowd the engine compartment. The manufacturers of automotive air conditioning equipment also find it desirable to manufacture a standard compressor which can be used for several different types of automobiles in a variety of configurations. For example, some automobiles require that service lines, viz., the suction and discharge lines leading respectively from the evaporator and to the condenser, be installed so that they run forward from the compressor. Still others require that the service lines extend aft.
Harter et al (U.S. Patent 3,041,~47) shows a two cylinder reciprocating compressor of a design similar to the compressor of this invention. However, the suction and discharge gas lines are connected to the head.
According to the present invention, there is provided a compressor including a housing having means defining a pair of spaced cylinders with a piston received in each cylinder, the pistons being adapted to be driven in a reciprocating fashion. A valve plate assembly is provided which includes a suction port and a discharge port associated with each cylinder, and suction and discharge valves cooperating respectively with the suction 10~4Vlb~
and discharge ports. The valve plate assembly, the cylinders and pistions cooperating to define gas working spaces, the pistons being adapted to compress a fluid introduced into the gas working spaces. The housing is further provided with a first chamber for receiving gas at low pressure for introduction into both the gas working spaces, the chamber being defined, in part, by a first outside wall of the housing, and a second chamber adapted to receive compressed gas from both the gas working spaces, the chamber being defined, in part, by a second outside side wall of the housing opposite to the first outside side wall. A head member is secured in overlying relationship with respect to the valve plate assembly, the head member having a means defining a high pressure zone and a low pressure zone communicating respectively with the discharge and the suction ports.
A pair of spaced, thin-walled sections is provided in the first outside wall, one of the sections being punched through to provide a suction gas passage communicating directly with the first housing chamber. A pair of spaced, thin walled sections is provided in the second outside side wall, one of the sections being punched through to provide a discharge gas passage communicating directly with the second housing chamber. Means defines a first passage in the valve plate assembly between the first chamber and the low pressure zone. Means defines a second passage in the valve plate assembly between the high pressure zone and the second chamber so that the suction gaS flows from the first chamber through the first passage in the valve plate assembly, into the low pressure zone, then through the suction ports to the gas working space, and after compression through the discharge ports ~ - 2 -s~/
., . ~
10~41)1~
into the high pressure zone and then through the second passage in the valve plate assembly into the second chamber within the housing.
In the present invention, the compressor is fabricated from a housing blank which is designed to allow connections to be made at several different locations including the head and crankcase. In the latter case, the suction and discharge gas lines would extend below the gasket surface between the valve plate and the crankcase permitting a much lower profile and permitting the compressor to be installed in several different ways, even horizontally with respect to the piston reciprocation axis.
The housing blank may be cast or otherwise formed with thin walled areas in several locations. These areas can then be selectively punched out to form the refrigerant passages. The portion of the exterior housing wall around the passages can be machined and drilled to receive the hardware for attaching the lines. Considerable savings in production costs are achieved by the expedient of making several different compressor designs from a single housing b~ank.
A specific arrangement is provided wherein the suction gas is first admitted to a chamber in the crank-case and is then delivered up through a passage in the valve plate assembly into a low pressure chamber in the head. From there it passes downwardly through suction ports formed in the head, the suction valve and to the gas working space defined by the face of the piston, the cy1inders, and the valve plate. After the gas is compressed it flows through discharge ports in the valve plate, through the discharge valve into a high pressure ~ - 2a -sb/`~
lV~4018 chamber formed within the head. From there it flows - downwardly through a passage in the valve plate.into a cham~er formed in the crankcase, and then out through the discharge gas line connected therewith.
Description of the Drawings FIGURE 1 is a cross section view of the compressor constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a plan view ta~en along the plane of line 2-2 of FIGURE 1 showing the construction of the crankcase;
- 2b -sb/)~
0, 5150-Y
40 1~
FIGURE 3 is a partial cross section view ta~en along the plane of line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;
FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the underside of the head assembly as viewed along the plane of line 4-4 of FIGURE l;
FIGURE 5 is a plan view of the valve plate as viewed along the plane of line 5-5 of EIGURE l;
FIGURE 6 is a plan view of the valve plate as vier.Jed along the plane of line 6-~ of ~I~URE l;
FIGURE 7 is a front eleva~ion vieW of the com?ressor;
and FI~URE 8 is a rear elevation view of the com~ essor.
Detailed Descripti~n of the Invention : As ~est shown in FIGURE l, the com~ressor forming the su~ject of the present inve~l~ion comprises a housing 10 including an annular boss 1~ ~hich accomodates one of the bearings 14 supporting crankshaft 16. A seal plate assembly 18 is bolted to the boss and surrounds the axially ~rojecting portion l9 of the crankshaft which is tyPically connected to the driven portion o~ an electromagnetic clut~n assembly.
The seal assembly includes a rotating seal element 20 in running contact with a stationary seal plate 22.
The other end of the c~nkshaft 16 is journalled in a bearing 26 supported in a bearing housing 28. The latter is bol~ed to the rear of ~he cra~l;case ~y means ~ machine screws 2~ (see FIGU~E 8).
The compressor shaft k; is provided with bearing surfaces for the connecting rods 30 and 32 which are, in turn, secured to pistons 34, 36 by piston wrist ~ins 38, 40. The pistons are received within cylinder liners 42 and 44 ~hich are cast in place in the upper section of the housing casting.
The bottom of the housing 10 is enclosed by means of a lower plate 50 which is bol~ed or otherwise secured to the base, as at 52. As best shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, which are, respectively, plan vieWs of the top and bottom side of the valve plate 54, (with the suction and discharge valves in position), it will be noted that a nu.s~ber of bolts 56 extelld through the head 5~, the valve ?la.e 54, and the upper and lower gaskets 60, 62. Each valve assembly 64, 66 is made u~ of a lower suction valve 68 which normally closes a series of suction ports 70 which are circu~ferentially s~aced around the center of the valve plate. At the top side of the valve plate are the discharge valves 72 which are positioned inwardly from the suction ~orts in circum-ferentially spaced relation. Each of the discharge valves normally covers a series of circumferentially spaced discharge ports 74. Each valve assembly is hel.d to~ether by pins 76 which also anchor the discharge valve guards 78 above the discharge valves to limit the travel thereof.
The head 58, which is best shown in FIGU~E 4, includes an interior wall 80 which enci.rcles each of the va~ve assemblies and, when in position, is fitted up against the valve plate between the suction ports and the discharge ~orts, there~y separating the head into a high ~ressure discharge gas zone 82 and a low pressure, suction gas zone 84.
0~5150-Y iO~Ol~
The top of the housing 10 has a machined u?per surface 86, illustrated in FIGURE 2, which cooperates ~ith the valve plate 54 to define gas chambers 88, 90 on opposite sides thereof between side wall 92, 93 and the cylinder walls 94, 95. These chambers, respectively, are the suction and discharge gas cham~ers which communicate with the lines carrying the refrigerant into and out of the com~ressor.
After the gas is compressed in gas wor~ing spaces 96, it flows through the discharge ~orts 7~ and valve 72 into the central chamber 82 in the head. From there it flows do~m~,7ardly rough apertures 100 in the valve plate which communicate ~ith chamber 90 (FIGURE 2). At the same time, suction gas which is received in chamber 88 ~asses upwardly through ~pertures 102 in the valve ~late into the 10~J pressure region 84 in the head which sup~lies suction gas to the gas working spaces 96 through the suction ports 70 in the head.
As will be seen in FIGURE 3, the connections to chambers 88, 90 may be punched through one of a ~air of thin walled sections 110, 111 in each of the front wall 114 and rear wall 115 of housing 10, Sections lln are adjacent to suction chamber 88 and sections 111 are adjacent the discharge chamber 90. Each such thin-walled section has a surrounding surface 112 (see FIGURES 7 and 8) which is machined flat for the appropriate hardware ~not shown) for mounting the suction and discharge lines. The mounting flanges can be bolted to the housing typically at 116.
40~
The thin walled sections are punched out in accordance with the requirements of the compressor for either fore or aft service line connections and then the mounting bracket for the refrigerant lines is attached to the surfaces 112 surrounding the punched through section. The remaining locations for mounting the service lines, are, of course, unpunched and remain as sho~m in FIGUR~ 3.
The arrangement described above permits a great ver-satility in being able to provide several d-ifferent tyves of com?ressors from a single housing blank. Regardless of the configuration and orientation of the service lines connections, the appropriate thin walled sections can be ~unched through to provide the correct fitting to the compressor. This results in considerable savings in Production costs and the related cost of maintaining an inventory of different types of cast housing blanks.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A compressor comprising a housing including means defining a pair of spaced cylinders, a piston received in each said cylinder, said pistons adapted to be driven in a reciprocating fashion; a valve plate assembly including a suction port and a discharge port associated with each cylinder, and suction and discharge valves cooperating respectively with said suction and discharge ports, said valve plate assembly, said cylinders and said pistons cooperating to define gas working spaces, said pistons adapted to compress a fluid introduced into said gas working spaces, said housing further being provided with a first chamber for receiving gas at low pressure for introduction into both said gas working spaces, said chamber being defined, in part, by a first outside side wall of said housing, and a second chamber adapted to receive compressed gas from both said gas working spaces, said chamber being defined, in part, by a second outside side wall of said housing opposite to said first outside side wall; a head member secured in overlying relationship with respect to said valve plate assembly, said head member having a means defining a high pressure zone and a low pressure zone communicating respectively with said discharge and said suction ports, a pair of spaced, thin-walled sections in said first outside side wall, one of said sections being punched through to provide a suction gas passage communicating directly with said first housing chamber; a pair of spaced, thin walled sections in said second outside side wall, one of said sections being punched through to provide a discharge gas passage communicating directly with said second housing chamber; means defining a first passage in said valve plate assembly between said first chamber and said low pressure zone; and means defining a second passage in said valve plate assembly between said high pressure zone and said second chamber; whereby the suction gas flows from said first chamber through said first passage in said valve plate assembly, into said low pressure zone, then through said suction ports to said gas working space, and after compression through said discharge ports into said high pressure zone and then through said second passage in said valve plate assembly into said second chamber within said housing.
2. A compressor as defined in Claim l including two pairs of machined surfaces on opposite ends of said housing adjacent said thin walled sections on said outside side walls, each said surface providing a potential mounting base for suction and discharge lines leading, respectively, to said first and second housing chambers.
3. A compressor as defined in Claim 2 wherein both suction and discharge lines are attached to the front wall of said housing.
4. A compressor as defined in Claim 2 wherein both suction and discharge lines are attached to the rear wall of said housing.
5. A compressor as defined in Claim 2 wherein a suction line is attached to the rear wall of said housing and a discharge line is attached to the front wall of said housing.
6. A compressor as defined in Claim 2 wherein a suction line is attached to the front wall of said housing and a discharge line is attached to the rear wall of said housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US75437976A | 1976-12-27 | 1976-12-27 | |
| US754,379 | 1976-12-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1084018A true CA1084018A (en) | 1980-08-19 |
Family
ID=25034534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,456A Expired CA1084018A (en) | 1976-12-27 | 1977-12-20 | Compressor with versatile service line connection options and method of manufacture |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU511634B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1084018A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1563463A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX146263A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4759692A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1988-07-26 | Tecumseh Products Company | Integral internal pressure relief valve |
| US4835849A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1989-06-06 | Tecumseh Products Company | Method of making an integral internal pressure relief valve |
-
1977
- 1977-12-09 GB GB5140477A patent/GB1563463A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-13 AU AU31507/77A patent/AU511634B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-16 MX MX17180877A patent/MX146263A/en unknown
- 1977-12-20 CA CA293,456A patent/CA1084018A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3150777A (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| AU511634B2 (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| MX146263A (en) | 1982-06-02 |
| GB1563463A (en) | 1980-03-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |