CA1078443A - Heating plates for cooking surfaces having protection rims - Google Patents
Heating plates for cooking surfaces having protection rimsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1078443A CA1078443A CA199,461A CA199461A CA1078443A CA 1078443 A CA1078443 A CA 1078443A CA 199461 A CA199461 A CA 199461A CA 1078443 A CA1078443 A CA 1078443A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- plate
- surface cover
- stainless steel
- cooking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
HEATING PLATES FOR COOKING SURFACES HAVING PROTECTION RIMS
ABSTRACT
A heating plate id formed from a thin sheet of stainless steel and has heating zones designated on it by grooves formed into the sheet.
A groove surrounds each heating zone to prevent warping of the plate. An aluminium layer is bonded to the sheet below each heating zones and a source of heat provided below each layer. Insulation consisting of another stainless steel sheet with asbestos lining provides a box around the heat source and aluminium layer to prevent transfer of heat below the plate.
ABSTRACT
A heating plate id formed from a thin sheet of stainless steel and has heating zones designated on it by grooves formed into the sheet.
A groove surrounds each heating zone to prevent warping of the plate. An aluminium layer is bonded to the sheet below each heating zones and a source of heat provided below each layer. Insulation consisting of another stainless steel sheet with asbestos lining provides a box around the heat source and aluminium layer to prevent transfer of heat below the plate.
Description
:~ 7~
2 The present invention relates to the construction of 2
3 the cooking surfaces used for electrical hot plates for cook- 3
4 ing devices. In particular the invention describes the novel 4 means of fabricating a cooking plate for fitting into 5 counters and the like.
Electrical hot plates are normally manufactured from cast iron and have a number of disadvantages. Cast iron rusts, thereby leading to considerable cavitation of the 8 9 surface. Cast iron has poor strength criteria and com-paratively small heat conductivity r thereby leading when 10 11 uneven-ly loaded to over-heating of the electrical heating 11 12 elements so that the life duration of these elem~nts is 12 13 shortened. Overheating of the cast iron plate can cause 13 local expansion resulting in the deformation or cracking of the plate. It is also known that it is difficult to make a cast iron plate able to retain an even surface. An 15 16 area in the centre of a cast iron plate is, therefore, 16 1~ usually slightly depressed causing poor cooking charac- 1~
18 teristics. 18 It is known that the disadvantages as outlined above 20 21 can be overcome by producing hot plates of cast stainless 21 steel madecf a special alloy (Norwegian Patent No. 119954).
Special alloy hot plates are comparatively expensive to 23 produce and, therefore, the invention herein provides a 23 24 better solution to the known weaknesses of cast iron heating 24 elements. 25 26 An electric: hot plate could be made of aluminium 26 2~ with cast-in electrical heating elements, and with a thin 2 28 plate of stainless steel on each side. The stainless steel 28 plates would be metallurgically connected to the aluminium plate.
The above solution provides a cast warming or hot CECIL C. KENT & ASSOCIATE5 PATENT ATTORNEYS
378~3 plate. The heating element is cast in the aluminium and is placed between the said two stainless steel plates. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combined system of protection rim and hot plate, and a system of inter-connecting several plates together.
It is already known that a top plate combined with a hot plate can be produced from glass. A cooking means fabricated from glass has marked limitations such as the size of the glass plate, number of hot plates per glass plate, and the surface temperature allowed at the plates.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide hard-ware of the highest quality to perform efficiently and with maximum constructive simplicity without the disadvantages of cast iron or the cost of other known combinations of components.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a large surf-ace having heating zones thereon connected to heating elements and protected against radiation to other portions of the surface outside the zones.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention the visible part~of the cooking surfaces consists of a continuous plate of metal, such as stainless steel, with one or more hot and cold zones. The lower surface that comes into contact with the frame of a bQnch or counter in a home or restaurant will always be a continuous cold zone.
The metal plate or cooking surface herein disclosed consists of a uniform material or a laminate and preferably three layers of two different kinds of metal. A comparatively thick layer of one metal with a good heat conductivity, such as aluminum is provided in the middle, and a relat:ively thin layer of metal with a heat conductivity less than 50 k cal.~/m.h.C is provided on either side of the aluminium such as stainless steel.
Aluminium has a heat conductivity number of lgO k cal/m.h.
..
~7~ 3 C and stainless steel 15 k cal./m.h. c The thickness of 2 the various metal layers will depend on the choice of material2 3 The middle layer will if of aluminium, have a thickness of 3 0,5 mm up ~ lO mm. The outer layers, if of stainless steel, 4 will have a thickness of 0,l mm up to 2 mm.
It is a particular object of this invention to provide 6 a cooking surface or plate that is all one piece on the 6 upper side. The hot areas of the plate can be slightly 8 raised or lowered in relation to remaining part of the 8 g plate to indicate cooking area on the surface. 9 The present inventive concepi consists of and is 10 11 hereby claimed to reside in the means, method, construc- 11 tion and arrangement and combination of parts exemplified inthe embodiment of such concept, reference being had to 13 the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment of the 13 14 present invention is given and where like characters of re~erence designate like parts. 15 16 Fig. l shows a sectional side view through the 1~ cooking surface of the invention, using aluminium 17 18 with stainless steel plates covering top and 18 bottom.
Fig. 2 shows a cooking surface consisting of `~
an aluminium plate with one top covering of -stainless steel.
22 Fig. 3 shows a heating plate made of a homogeneous 22 23 material of low heat conductivity. 23 In the drawings a cooking surface 15 is shown and 25 26 in Figs. l and 2 it consists o~ an aluminium plate 14 26 27 is shown, both sides are covered with a relatively thin 27 plate of stainless steel 16 and 17. The lower plate is disconnected by a groove 4, the zone in the middle 9 is connected to the heating element 5, and the regulating CECIL C. KENT & ASSCICIATES
PATENT ~TTn R N EYS
, `: ' . ' ` ~ ` , . ` :' ' ' ``
7~43 thermostat 6. Radiation from the heating elements 5 is arrested by the asbestos plate 7, and the bottom cover 8. The hot zone 9 is connected with the cold zones 10 across the bridge 11 of the stainless steel plate. The guarantee against overheating towards the outer rims 18 is secured by the reset thermostat 12.
The cold and the hot zones are separated by circular or linear grooves 4 having been made, when referring to laminate, through the bottom layer of stainless steel 17 and through the core of aluminium 14, right through to the upper layer of stainless steel 16. These grooves :
~. will act as a barrier against transfer of thermal energy. The groove ~. i `~' could have a width of 5mm. up to 100 mm. depending on the choice of ' material, the thickness of the various layers, and the stability of the plates.
A heat loss will occur across the bridges 11 of stainless steel between a hot and cold zone, but of a quantity which is of negligible ~ practical importance. The thickness of the stainless steel 16, for -'~ instance, across the bridge 11, should preferably be from 0,2- 0,3 mm.
` even if the same layer outside the bridge has a greater thickness.
Measurements prove that after 8 hours continuous heating, the bridge of a comparatively thick dimensions, 0,9 mm x 80 mm will have a temperature of 45C in the outer rim 20 when the inner edge 21 has a temperature of 200C.
The heat transfer is directly proportional to the cross section of the conductor. By reducing this from o,9 to o,3 mm for instance, the heat transmission will thus be reduced to one third.
., .
'', ' . '' ~ . :' ~.~7~ 3 From this it would appear that with a thickness o~ 0.9 mm, 2 width 80 mm, a temperature difference of 150C and time for 2 obtaining stable condition 2 hours, the loss of energy will 3 be 3.7 watt, that is to say less than l/2% of the energy 4 input.
S
; Because of the characteristics of alluminium the heat energy will be evenly distributed in the heated zone 9 of the 7 aluminium core. The two outer layers keep each other in 8 balance in such a way that no bimetallic action occurs. It is 8 g found that the linear expansion of the diameter of the hot 9 zone will be absorbed over the grooves 4. The bridge ll of 10 11 thin stainless steel will act as a hinge preventing the plate 11 from warping ~rhen in use.
;~ By providing the grooves 4 and the bridge ll to prevent distortion and warping of the heating surface the actual surface will not change but remain as when cool and the heating zone will stay even.
16 In use it will be seen that only the heated zones 1~
17 will rise or sink in relation to the temperature variations. 17 18 The bridges ll between the warm and cold zones are preferably 18 made as an angled line or irregular line to assist in the 19 20 absorption of the distortion and to keep the cooking zone flat.20 The amount of heat passing over the bridge ll will be dis-tributed over the entire cold zone 14 and continuously given 22 off to the surrounding areas. If necessary, an extra bridge 22 23 may be arranged as a frame midway around the outer rim. It 23 24 can also be arranged so that the hot zones consist of triple 24 laminate whilst the cold zones are of double laminate. A 25 26 greater heat production can thus be obtained from the cold 26 27 zones as is shown in Figure 2 where zone 14 has no lower steel 2 cover and thereby can conduct to the outside The advantages of the invention compared with prev-iously known constructions may be summarized as follows:-- . : . . , ~17~
1 A continuous plate of metal has both hot and cold zones, 2 making it possible to use the same surface for several oper- 2 3 ations, such as cooking, simmering and food preparation at a 3 cooking counter or table. The surface will be impervious to 4 water and the heating unit protected from food spills. The draining board of a stainless steel bench can be combined in 6 the function as both cooker, drying table and draining board.
7 In a home kitchen the whole counter work space could be made 7 8 from one complete surface of stainless steel with sink, work 8 g area and cooking plates provided therein and thereunder. A 9 ]0 system could be arranged with quadratic squares as hot zones. 10 11 Each zone Could be given a different surface treatment, for 11 12 instance chromium plated, from the remaining part of the plate, and thus made possible architectural and decorative designs ~ 13 in the planning of the cooking areæ which have not previously ; been possible with the known constructions. 14 An additional advantage of the invention is that it 15 16 employs a plate of stainless steel which is decorative, 1~
1~ corrosion resistant, durable and cannot be broken as for in- 17 18 stance a plate of glass. 18 19 The inner core of aluminium 14 will conduct the heat 19 so well that it is unnecessary to take the usual precautions 20 in the choice of the correct pan size for any particular plate. -The aluminium core will evacuate heat away from the element 22 to the cooled parts of the heated zone. 22 23 The invention is not limited to cooking surfaces, 24 electric stoves and hot plates but aims at other utilizations 24 of this principle, for instance used as a variable heat panel, 25 26 or as a restaurant table with hot zones. 26 27 2~
Electrical hot plates are normally manufactured from cast iron and have a number of disadvantages. Cast iron rusts, thereby leading to considerable cavitation of the 8 9 surface. Cast iron has poor strength criteria and com-paratively small heat conductivity r thereby leading when 10 11 uneven-ly loaded to over-heating of the electrical heating 11 12 elements so that the life duration of these elem~nts is 12 13 shortened. Overheating of the cast iron plate can cause 13 local expansion resulting in the deformation or cracking of the plate. It is also known that it is difficult to make a cast iron plate able to retain an even surface. An 15 16 area in the centre of a cast iron plate is, therefore, 16 1~ usually slightly depressed causing poor cooking charac- 1~
18 teristics. 18 It is known that the disadvantages as outlined above 20 21 can be overcome by producing hot plates of cast stainless 21 steel madecf a special alloy (Norwegian Patent No. 119954).
Special alloy hot plates are comparatively expensive to 23 produce and, therefore, the invention herein provides a 23 24 better solution to the known weaknesses of cast iron heating 24 elements. 25 26 An electric: hot plate could be made of aluminium 26 2~ with cast-in electrical heating elements, and with a thin 2 28 plate of stainless steel on each side. The stainless steel 28 plates would be metallurgically connected to the aluminium plate.
The above solution provides a cast warming or hot CECIL C. KENT & ASSOCIATE5 PATENT ATTORNEYS
378~3 plate. The heating element is cast in the aluminium and is placed between the said two stainless steel plates. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combined system of protection rim and hot plate, and a system of inter-connecting several plates together.
It is already known that a top plate combined with a hot plate can be produced from glass. A cooking means fabricated from glass has marked limitations such as the size of the glass plate, number of hot plates per glass plate, and the surface temperature allowed at the plates.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide hard-ware of the highest quality to perform efficiently and with maximum constructive simplicity without the disadvantages of cast iron or the cost of other known combinations of components.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a large surf-ace having heating zones thereon connected to heating elements and protected against radiation to other portions of the surface outside the zones.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention the visible part~of the cooking surfaces consists of a continuous plate of metal, such as stainless steel, with one or more hot and cold zones. The lower surface that comes into contact with the frame of a bQnch or counter in a home or restaurant will always be a continuous cold zone.
The metal plate or cooking surface herein disclosed consists of a uniform material or a laminate and preferably three layers of two different kinds of metal. A comparatively thick layer of one metal with a good heat conductivity, such as aluminum is provided in the middle, and a relat:ively thin layer of metal with a heat conductivity less than 50 k cal.~/m.h.C is provided on either side of the aluminium such as stainless steel.
Aluminium has a heat conductivity number of lgO k cal/m.h.
..
~7~ 3 C and stainless steel 15 k cal./m.h. c The thickness of 2 the various metal layers will depend on the choice of material2 3 The middle layer will if of aluminium, have a thickness of 3 0,5 mm up ~ lO mm. The outer layers, if of stainless steel, 4 will have a thickness of 0,l mm up to 2 mm.
It is a particular object of this invention to provide 6 a cooking surface or plate that is all one piece on the 6 upper side. The hot areas of the plate can be slightly 8 raised or lowered in relation to remaining part of the 8 g plate to indicate cooking area on the surface. 9 The present inventive concepi consists of and is 10 11 hereby claimed to reside in the means, method, construc- 11 tion and arrangement and combination of parts exemplified inthe embodiment of such concept, reference being had to 13 the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment of the 13 14 present invention is given and where like characters of re~erence designate like parts. 15 16 Fig. l shows a sectional side view through the 1~ cooking surface of the invention, using aluminium 17 18 with stainless steel plates covering top and 18 bottom.
Fig. 2 shows a cooking surface consisting of `~
an aluminium plate with one top covering of -stainless steel.
22 Fig. 3 shows a heating plate made of a homogeneous 22 23 material of low heat conductivity. 23 In the drawings a cooking surface 15 is shown and 25 26 in Figs. l and 2 it consists o~ an aluminium plate 14 26 27 is shown, both sides are covered with a relatively thin 27 plate of stainless steel 16 and 17. The lower plate is disconnected by a groove 4, the zone in the middle 9 is connected to the heating element 5, and the regulating CECIL C. KENT & ASSCICIATES
PATENT ~TTn R N EYS
, `: ' . ' ` ~ ` , . ` :' ' ' ``
7~43 thermostat 6. Radiation from the heating elements 5 is arrested by the asbestos plate 7, and the bottom cover 8. The hot zone 9 is connected with the cold zones 10 across the bridge 11 of the stainless steel plate. The guarantee against overheating towards the outer rims 18 is secured by the reset thermostat 12.
The cold and the hot zones are separated by circular or linear grooves 4 having been made, when referring to laminate, through the bottom layer of stainless steel 17 and through the core of aluminium 14, right through to the upper layer of stainless steel 16. These grooves :
~. will act as a barrier against transfer of thermal energy. The groove ~. i `~' could have a width of 5mm. up to 100 mm. depending on the choice of ' material, the thickness of the various layers, and the stability of the plates.
A heat loss will occur across the bridges 11 of stainless steel between a hot and cold zone, but of a quantity which is of negligible ~ practical importance. The thickness of the stainless steel 16, for -'~ instance, across the bridge 11, should preferably be from 0,2- 0,3 mm.
` even if the same layer outside the bridge has a greater thickness.
Measurements prove that after 8 hours continuous heating, the bridge of a comparatively thick dimensions, 0,9 mm x 80 mm will have a temperature of 45C in the outer rim 20 when the inner edge 21 has a temperature of 200C.
The heat transfer is directly proportional to the cross section of the conductor. By reducing this from o,9 to o,3 mm for instance, the heat transmission will thus be reduced to one third.
., .
'', ' . '' ~ . :' ~.~7~ 3 From this it would appear that with a thickness o~ 0.9 mm, 2 width 80 mm, a temperature difference of 150C and time for 2 obtaining stable condition 2 hours, the loss of energy will 3 be 3.7 watt, that is to say less than l/2% of the energy 4 input.
S
; Because of the characteristics of alluminium the heat energy will be evenly distributed in the heated zone 9 of the 7 aluminium core. The two outer layers keep each other in 8 balance in such a way that no bimetallic action occurs. It is 8 g found that the linear expansion of the diameter of the hot 9 zone will be absorbed over the grooves 4. The bridge ll of 10 11 thin stainless steel will act as a hinge preventing the plate 11 from warping ~rhen in use.
;~ By providing the grooves 4 and the bridge ll to prevent distortion and warping of the heating surface the actual surface will not change but remain as when cool and the heating zone will stay even.
16 In use it will be seen that only the heated zones 1~
17 will rise or sink in relation to the temperature variations. 17 18 The bridges ll between the warm and cold zones are preferably 18 made as an angled line or irregular line to assist in the 19 20 absorption of the distortion and to keep the cooking zone flat.20 The amount of heat passing over the bridge ll will be dis-tributed over the entire cold zone 14 and continuously given 22 off to the surrounding areas. If necessary, an extra bridge 22 23 may be arranged as a frame midway around the outer rim. It 23 24 can also be arranged so that the hot zones consist of triple 24 laminate whilst the cold zones are of double laminate. A 25 26 greater heat production can thus be obtained from the cold 26 27 zones as is shown in Figure 2 where zone 14 has no lower steel 2 cover and thereby can conduct to the outside The advantages of the invention compared with prev-iously known constructions may be summarized as follows:-- . : . . , ~17~
1 A continuous plate of metal has both hot and cold zones, 2 making it possible to use the same surface for several oper- 2 3 ations, such as cooking, simmering and food preparation at a 3 cooking counter or table. The surface will be impervious to 4 water and the heating unit protected from food spills. The draining board of a stainless steel bench can be combined in 6 the function as both cooker, drying table and draining board.
7 In a home kitchen the whole counter work space could be made 7 8 from one complete surface of stainless steel with sink, work 8 g area and cooking plates provided therein and thereunder. A 9 ]0 system could be arranged with quadratic squares as hot zones. 10 11 Each zone Could be given a different surface treatment, for 11 12 instance chromium plated, from the remaining part of the plate, and thus made possible architectural and decorative designs ~ 13 in the planning of the cooking areæ which have not previously ; been possible with the known constructions. 14 An additional advantage of the invention is that it 15 16 employs a plate of stainless steel which is decorative, 1~
1~ corrosion resistant, durable and cannot be broken as for in- 17 18 stance a plate of glass. 18 19 The inner core of aluminium 14 will conduct the heat 19 so well that it is unnecessary to take the usual precautions 20 in the choice of the correct pan size for any particular plate. -The aluminium core will evacuate heat away from the element 22 to the cooled parts of the heated zone. 22 23 The invention is not limited to cooking surfaces, 24 electric stoves and hot plates but aims at other utilizations 24 of this principle, for instance used as a variable heat panel, 25 26 or as a restaurant table with hot zones. 26 27 2~
Claims (4)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A cooking appliance top assembly comprising in combination;
a cooking surface composed of a thin continuous cover of metal material of low heat conductivity; at least one heat generating means attached to said appliance beneath and proximate said surface cover;
a first heat distributing plate of metallic material attached to and beneath said surface cover and above said heat means;
a second heat distributing plate of metallic material in surrounding and spaced relation to said first plate and attached beneath and to said appliance; said surface cover forming a bridge between said first and second plates, said bridge providing a hinging action to accommodate thermal expansion of the surface cover when heat is applied by said heat generating means to said first distribution plate.
a cooking surface composed of a thin continuous cover of metal material of low heat conductivity; at least one heat generating means attached to said appliance beneath and proximate said surface cover;
a first heat distributing plate of metallic material attached to and beneath said surface cover and above said heat means;
a second heat distributing plate of metallic material in surrounding and spaced relation to said first plate and attached beneath and to said appliance; said surface cover forming a bridge between said first and second plates, said bridge providing a hinging action to accommodate thermal expansion of the surface cover when heat is applied by said heat generating means to said first distribution plate.
2. A cooking appliance top assembly as in claim 1, wherein said surface cover is of stainless steel having a heat coductivity factor less than 50 k cal./m.h. °C and a thickness between 0.1mm and 2mm and wherein said heat generating means has an insulation means attached beneath it;
and wherein said plates are made of heat conductive metal such as alum-inum or mild steel and are bonded to said surface cover.
and wherein said plates are made of heat conductive metal such as alum-inum or mild steel and are bonded to said surface cover.
3. A cooking appliance top assembly as in claim 1, wherein said surface cover is of stainless steel having a heat conductivity of 15 k cal./m.h.
°C and wherein the first heat distribution plate is of aluminum having a thickness of between 0.5mm and 10mm, and said bridge is in the form of a circle surrounding and inclined downwardly toward the zone of said cover above a circular shaped first distribution plate.
°C and wherein the first heat distribution plate is of aluminum having a thickness of between 0.5mm and 10mm, and said bridge is in the form of a circle surrounding and inclined downwardly toward the zone of said cover above a circular shaped first distribution plate.
4. A cooking appliance top assembly as in claim 1 having a thermostat control associated with said second plate to control the heat distrib-uted thereto.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA199,461A CA1078443A (en) | 1974-05-08 | 1974-05-08 | Heating plates for cooking surfaces having protection rims |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA199,461A CA1078443A (en) | 1974-05-08 | 1974-05-08 | Heating plates for cooking surfaces having protection rims |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1078443A true CA1078443A (en) | 1980-05-27 |
Family
ID=4099981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA199,461A Expired CA1078443A (en) | 1974-05-08 | 1974-05-08 | Heating plates for cooking surfaces having protection rims |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1078443A (en) |
-
1974
- 1974-05-08 CA CA199,461A patent/CA1078443A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |