CA1075145A - Apparatus for removal of solid and/or gaseous components present in a gaseous fluid flow - Google Patents
Apparatus for removal of solid and/or gaseous components present in a gaseous fluid flowInfo
- Publication number
- CA1075145A CA1075145A CA259,318A CA259318A CA1075145A CA 1075145 A CA1075145 A CA 1075145A CA 259318 A CA259318 A CA 259318A CA 1075145 A CA1075145 A CA 1075145A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- solid
- cyclone separator
- removal
- gas flow
- gaseous components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
- B01D47/08—Spray cleaning with rotary nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
- B04C2009/007—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with internal rotors, e.g. impeller, ventilator, fan, blower, pump
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention provides an apparatus for cleaning a gas flow to remove possible solid and gaseous components, comprising a cyclone separator for removal of coarser solid components from the gas flow, an exit tube arranged at the centre of the cyclone separator and housing wet washing apparatus to remove finer solid and gaseous components present in the fluid flow and a collecting funnel arranged below the central tube into which funnel sludge formed by removal of the finer solid and gaseous components may flow.
The present invention provides an apparatus for cleaning a gas flow to remove possible solid and gaseous components, comprising a cyclone separator for removal of coarser solid components from the gas flow, an exit tube arranged at the centre of the cyclone separator and housing wet washing apparatus to remove finer solid and gaseous components present in the fluid flow and a collecting funnel arranged below the central tube into which funnel sludge formed by removal of the finer solid and gaseous components may flow.
Description
qj Apparatus for removal o~ solid ancl/or gaseous components present in a yaseous ~luid :elow.
The present inven-tion concerns apparatus for removal of solid and gaseous components present in a gaseous fluid flow.
Gas flows oEten contain large amounts of solids and, in addition, e.g. sulphur dioxide or other gaseous components which are harmEul to the environment or which one desires for other reasons to recover from the fluid flow. The solid coarser compon-ents can easily be separated e.g. with the aid of cyclone separators, of which numerous different designs are known in the prior art. It is possible with certain cyclone separa~ors to achieve a very high separating efficiency, but yaseous components cannot be separated by such cyclone separators.
It follows that as regards gaseous components, wet washing is quite often the only possible way by which they can be separated from the fluid flow. sut wet washers often do not tolerate any high solid ma-tter loading, and on the other hand the solids may be valuable expressly in dry state, whereby wet washing alone is not always the best possible way to puri.fy a gas flow. Therefore in the separation o certain components rom a fluid flow one often encounters in the separating apparatus the combination of a cyclone separator followed by wet washing, hoth separation steps taking place in an apparatus of their own.
Therefore apparatus following these lines has a large siæe and requires considerable amounts of energy because both steps have their own pre.ssure losses. Leakages of gas, the wear and tear of the apparatus and difficulties caused by the temperatures of the gas are often drawbacks which have been encountered in prior :
art apparatus.
Attempts have been made to eliminate the drawbacks of the combination constituted by a separate cyclone separator and ~.
a separate wet washer, and nowadays dry filters are commonly . .
:, . .- ........ . . . :
.
Sl~j used expressly in orcler to sepclrdte mc~chanical dust. In dry filters a suitable constructi.on may be employed to conduc-t both the coarse and the fine solid components to -the separating unit.
However, it is impossible in dry filters to separate the gaseous components from the fluid flow; therefore with regard -to these components a separate wet washing process is necessary.
The invention seeks -to provide a combined apparatus for the removal of both solid and gaseous components in a gas flow.
According -to the present i.nvention, there :is provided an apparatus for cleaning a gas flow to remove possible solid and gaseous components, comprising a cyclone separator for removal of coarser solid componen-ts from the gas flow a cen-tral exi-t tube arranged at -the centre of the cyclone separator and housing wet washing apparatus to remove finer solid and gaseous componen-ts present in the gas flow and a collecting funnel arranged below the central tube into which funnel sludge formed by removal of the finer sol.id and gaseous components may f:low.
The inven-tion will now be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows schematically an apparatus of the invention.
Referring to the drawing, the apparatus oE the inven-tion comprises a cycl.one separator 10, having an intake duct 12 for the incoming gas flow 11, a central tube 16, and an exit 14 for the cleaned gas flow 13.
The cyclone separator 10 comprises a conical lower part 15. The cyclone separator 10 may alternatively be of any otner known cyclone separator construction. The incoming gas flow 11 is set into rotary, downwardly directed centrifugal motion about ~ the central tube 16, whereby the coarser solid components are carried to the outer circumference of the gas flow in rotation and they are separated on the shell wall of the cyclone ', ~75~5 10 and Eur-ther se~tle into the conical lower part 15, on the bot-tom of which they accumula-te. The lower cone 15 of the cyclone separator 10 may have at its bottom a suitable draining device 22, through which the separa-ted dry solid matter outflow 23 is recovered.
The finer solid components present in the gas flow 11 and the gaseous components, however, are not separated from the gas flow and they enter the central tube 16 of the cyclone 10, which is open at its lower end. Into the central tube 16 the ~
washing liquid (not depicted) is fed preferably in such a manner that within the central tube there is a powerfully distributed washing liquid spray lying in a horizontal plane, with the result that the gas flow entering the central tube 16 is subjected to powerful li.quid washing, whereby the fine solid particles and the gas components are wet and descend along the walls of the central tube 16 in the form o~f sludge. The wet washer disposed within the central tube 16 of the cyclone separator 10 may be designed e.g. as taught by the same applicant's Canadian Patent Applica-tion No. ~59,317 filedon even dateherewith. In this application a smallblower lyingwithin the tube 16 andacting as a dropletsepara-tor and.a larger blower arranged outside the tube 16 are rotat-able by a common shaft. The two blowers communicate through a connecting tube passing through the wall of tube 16 and the whole arrangement i~ schematically indicated by the bloc~ 17 in the drawing. By such a design a highly efficient droplet separation is achieved, with the consequence that the outflow 13 is purified both of the finest solid components and of gas components, and in addition the gas flow has also been dried to be free of washing liquid.
In order to pre~ent the sludge flowing down~ardly from the central tube 16 from entering the conical lower part 15 of the cyclone separator 10, where it would join the dry solid matter .
.~075~5 accumulated -there, a collecting funnel 18 is placed below the central tube 16 concentrically therewith, and the said sludge flows into this funnel. The collecting funnel 18 has a conical part 19 and a tubular part 20, which leads out from the cyclone separator 10~ Thus the sludge separated by wet washing can be recovered as a separate outflow 21. The collecting funnel 18 is advantageously such that the clistance h between it and the central tube 16 is adjustable. As regards its diameter, the collecting funnel 18 is advantayeously a little larger than the $ 10 diameter of the central tube ~, but it may e~ually have a diameter equal to or smaller than that of the central tube 16 because in the free space between the central tube 16 and the collectiny funnel 18 the sludge is guided towards the central part of the collecting funnel 18, forced by the~ flow directed into said central tube 16, which causes contraction of the sludge flow instead of its spreading onto the shell walls of the cyclone separator 10. The collecting funnel 18 is also preferably supported by means of bracing elements 24, carried by the conical lower part 15 of the cyclone separator 10. It is understood that other arrangements are equally possible for this supporting within the cyclone separator 10.
By means of apparatus according to the invention it is g~
possible from the ~*~ flow to separate within the cyclone separator 10 both the dry solid matter and the sludge separated by wet washing to constitute a separate outflow 23 and 21, respectively, without necessity of using one device for the dry separation and another separate device for the wet separation.
At the same time in the apparatus of the invention considerable pressure losses have been avoided, which are usually incurred when separate dry separation and wet separation are employed.
It is furthermore possible within the described apparatus to take care of the corrosion problems in a simple -- 4 ~
;: . " , :
1~7~
way in those cases in which the components separated by wet washing give rise to corrosion in the separa-ting unit. ~rhe parts resistant to corrosion may be limi-ted to cornprise only -the cent-ral tube 16 and the collecting funnel 18, because sludye causing corrosion cannot en-ter any other parts of the device.
It will be appreciated that many modifica-tions may be imparted into the described apparatus. The wet-ting of the gas flow within the central tube rnay be arranged in several different ways, and the distance between the central tube and the collec-t-ing funnel, as well as -the ratio oE the diameters of -these parts, depends on the particular application. The placement of the central tube and of the collecting funnel wi-thin the cyclone may var~.
.
The present inven-tion concerns apparatus for removal of solid and gaseous components present in a gaseous fluid flow.
Gas flows oEten contain large amounts of solids and, in addition, e.g. sulphur dioxide or other gaseous components which are harmEul to the environment or which one desires for other reasons to recover from the fluid flow. The solid coarser compon-ents can easily be separated e.g. with the aid of cyclone separators, of which numerous different designs are known in the prior art. It is possible with certain cyclone separa~ors to achieve a very high separating efficiency, but yaseous components cannot be separated by such cyclone separators.
It follows that as regards gaseous components, wet washing is quite often the only possible way by which they can be separated from the fluid flow. sut wet washers often do not tolerate any high solid ma-tter loading, and on the other hand the solids may be valuable expressly in dry state, whereby wet washing alone is not always the best possible way to puri.fy a gas flow. Therefore in the separation o certain components rom a fluid flow one often encounters in the separating apparatus the combination of a cyclone separator followed by wet washing, hoth separation steps taking place in an apparatus of their own.
Therefore apparatus following these lines has a large siæe and requires considerable amounts of energy because both steps have their own pre.ssure losses. Leakages of gas, the wear and tear of the apparatus and difficulties caused by the temperatures of the gas are often drawbacks which have been encountered in prior :
art apparatus.
Attempts have been made to eliminate the drawbacks of the combination constituted by a separate cyclone separator and ~.
a separate wet washer, and nowadays dry filters are commonly . .
:, . .- ........ . . . :
.
Sl~j used expressly in orcler to sepclrdte mc~chanical dust. In dry filters a suitable constructi.on may be employed to conduc-t both the coarse and the fine solid components to -the separating unit.
However, it is impossible in dry filters to separate the gaseous components from the fluid flow; therefore with regard -to these components a separate wet washing process is necessary.
The invention seeks -to provide a combined apparatus for the removal of both solid and gaseous components in a gas flow.
According -to the present i.nvention, there :is provided an apparatus for cleaning a gas flow to remove possible solid and gaseous components, comprising a cyclone separator for removal of coarser solid componen-ts from the gas flow a cen-tral exi-t tube arranged at -the centre of the cyclone separator and housing wet washing apparatus to remove finer solid and gaseous componen-ts present in the gas flow and a collecting funnel arranged below the central tube into which funnel sludge formed by removal of the finer sol.id and gaseous components may f:low.
The inven-tion will now be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows schematically an apparatus of the invention.
Referring to the drawing, the apparatus oE the inven-tion comprises a cycl.one separator 10, having an intake duct 12 for the incoming gas flow 11, a central tube 16, and an exit 14 for the cleaned gas flow 13.
The cyclone separator 10 comprises a conical lower part 15. The cyclone separator 10 may alternatively be of any otner known cyclone separator construction. The incoming gas flow 11 is set into rotary, downwardly directed centrifugal motion about ~ the central tube 16, whereby the coarser solid components are carried to the outer circumference of the gas flow in rotation and they are separated on the shell wall of the cyclone ', ~75~5 10 and Eur-ther se~tle into the conical lower part 15, on the bot-tom of which they accumula-te. The lower cone 15 of the cyclone separator 10 may have at its bottom a suitable draining device 22, through which the separa-ted dry solid matter outflow 23 is recovered.
The finer solid components present in the gas flow 11 and the gaseous components, however, are not separated from the gas flow and they enter the central tube 16 of the cyclone 10, which is open at its lower end. Into the central tube 16 the ~
washing liquid (not depicted) is fed preferably in such a manner that within the central tube there is a powerfully distributed washing liquid spray lying in a horizontal plane, with the result that the gas flow entering the central tube 16 is subjected to powerful li.quid washing, whereby the fine solid particles and the gas components are wet and descend along the walls of the central tube 16 in the form o~f sludge. The wet washer disposed within the central tube 16 of the cyclone separator 10 may be designed e.g. as taught by the same applicant's Canadian Patent Applica-tion No. ~59,317 filedon even dateherewith. In this application a smallblower lyingwithin the tube 16 andacting as a dropletsepara-tor and.a larger blower arranged outside the tube 16 are rotat-able by a common shaft. The two blowers communicate through a connecting tube passing through the wall of tube 16 and the whole arrangement i~ schematically indicated by the bloc~ 17 in the drawing. By such a design a highly efficient droplet separation is achieved, with the consequence that the outflow 13 is purified both of the finest solid components and of gas components, and in addition the gas flow has also been dried to be free of washing liquid.
In order to pre~ent the sludge flowing down~ardly from the central tube 16 from entering the conical lower part 15 of the cyclone separator 10, where it would join the dry solid matter .
.~075~5 accumulated -there, a collecting funnel 18 is placed below the central tube 16 concentrically therewith, and the said sludge flows into this funnel. The collecting funnel 18 has a conical part 19 and a tubular part 20, which leads out from the cyclone separator 10~ Thus the sludge separated by wet washing can be recovered as a separate outflow 21. The collecting funnel 18 is advantageously such that the clistance h between it and the central tube 16 is adjustable. As regards its diameter, the collecting funnel 18 is advantayeously a little larger than the $ 10 diameter of the central tube ~, but it may e~ually have a diameter equal to or smaller than that of the central tube 16 because in the free space between the central tube 16 and the collectiny funnel 18 the sludge is guided towards the central part of the collecting funnel 18, forced by the~ flow directed into said central tube 16, which causes contraction of the sludge flow instead of its spreading onto the shell walls of the cyclone separator 10. The collecting funnel 18 is also preferably supported by means of bracing elements 24, carried by the conical lower part 15 of the cyclone separator 10. It is understood that other arrangements are equally possible for this supporting within the cyclone separator 10.
By means of apparatus according to the invention it is g~
possible from the ~*~ flow to separate within the cyclone separator 10 both the dry solid matter and the sludge separated by wet washing to constitute a separate outflow 23 and 21, respectively, without necessity of using one device for the dry separation and another separate device for the wet separation.
At the same time in the apparatus of the invention considerable pressure losses have been avoided, which are usually incurred when separate dry separation and wet separation are employed.
It is furthermore possible within the described apparatus to take care of the corrosion problems in a simple -- 4 ~
;: . " , :
1~7~
way in those cases in which the components separated by wet washing give rise to corrosion in the separa-ting unit. ~rhe parts resistant to corrosion may be limi-ted to cornprise only -the cent-ral tube 16 and the collecting funnel 18, because sludye causing corrosion cannot en-ter any other parts of the device.
It will be appreciated that many modifica-tions may be imparted into the described apparatus. The wet-ting of the gas flow within the central tube rnay be arranged in several different ways, and the distance between the central tube and the collec-t-ing funnel, as well as -the ratio oE the diameters of -these parts, depends on the particular application. The placement of the central tube and of the collecting funnel wi-thin the cyclone may var~.
.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Apparatus for cleaning a gas flow to remove possible solid and gaseous components, comprising a cyclone separator for removal of coarser solid components from the gas flow, a central exit tube arranged at the centre of the cyclone separator and housing wet washing apparatus to remove finer solid and gaseous components present in the gas flow and a collecting funnel arranged below the central tube into which funnel sludge formed by removal of the finer solid and gaseous components may flow.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the distance between said central tube and said collecting funnel is adjustable.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which a tube leads from the said collecting funnel to the outside of said cyclone separator.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which said collecting funnel is supported within a conical lower part of said cyclone separator.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI752376A FI51774C (en) | 1975-08-22 | 1975-08-22 | Device for removing solid and / or gaseous components in a gaseous medium stream. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1075145A true CA1075145A (en) | 1980-04-08 |
Family
ID=8509392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA259,318A Expired CA1075145A (en) | 1975-08-22 | 1976-08-18 | Apparatus for removal of solid and/or gaseous components present in a gaseous fluid flow |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6025173B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1659676A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE845334A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1075145A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH593706A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2634710A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145984C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI51774C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2321334A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1064992B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7608470A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO141191C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE414586B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61296798A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1986-12-27 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | Manufacture of thick film printed wiring board |
| JPS6284975U (en) * | 1985-11-18 | 1987-05-30 | ||
| JPH0193192A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-04-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Thick film multilayer interconnection substrate |
-
1975
- 1975-08-22 FI FI752376A patent/FI51774C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-07-30 NL NL7608470A patent/NL7608470A/en unknown
- 1976-08-02 DE DE19762634710 patent/DE2634710A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-08-05 AU AU16596/76A patent/AU1659676A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-13 JP JP51096163A patent/JPS6025173B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-18 IT IT26327/76A patent/IT1064992B/en active
- 1976-08-18 CA CA259,318A patent/CA1075145A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-18 NO NO762852A patent/NO141191C/en unknown
- 1976-08-19 CH CH1058076A patent/CH593706A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-19 BE BE169926A patent/BE845334A/en unknown
- 1976-08-20 SE SE7609253A patent/SE414586B/en unknown
- 1976-08-20 FR FR7625347A patent/FR2321334A1/en active Granted
- 1976-08-20 DK DK377376A patent/DK145984C/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK145984B (en) | 1983-05-09 |
| DK145984C (en) | 1983-10-10 |
| NO141191B (en) | 1979-10-22 |
| AU1659676A (en) | 1978-02-09 |
| NL7608470A (en) | 1977-02-24 |
| FR2321334A1 (en) | 1977-03-18 |
| FI51774C (en) | 1977-04-12 |
| NO141191C (en) | 1980-01-30 |
| FR2321334B3 (en) | 1979-05-18 |
| NO762852L (en) | 1977-02-23 |
| FI51774B (en) | 1976-12-31 |
| SE414586B (en) | 1980-08-11 |
| SE7609253L (en) | 1977-02-23 |
| BE845334A (en) | 1976-12-16 |
| JPS5248877A (en) | 1977-04-19 |
| JPS6025173B2 (en) | 1985-06-17 |
| DK377376A (en) | 1977-02-23 |
| CH593706A5 (en) | 1977-12-15 |
| DE2634710A1 (en) | 1977-02-24 |
| IT1064992B (en) | 1985-02-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |