CA1071083A - Laminated films bonded with fabrics woven from textured yarns - Google Patents
Laminated films bonded with fabrics woven from textured yarnsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1071083A CA1071083A CA239,609A CA239609A CA1071083A CA 1071083 A CA1071083 A CA 1071083A CA 239609 A CA239609 A CA 239609A CA 1071083 A CA1071083 A CA 1071083A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- textured
- nylon
- woven fabric
- laminated sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Laminated sheet structures having improved resistance to delamination are prepared from first and second films of heat activatable thermoplastic resins of different chemical composi-tion bonded to an inner central layer of a fabric woven from textured yarns formed from a material having a melting point higher than either of the heat activatable resins and bonded to the films at a temperature above the melting points of the resins and below the melting point of the fabric material.
Laminated sheet structures having improved resistance to delamination are prepared from first and second films of heat activatable thermoplastic resins of different chemical composi-tion bonded to an inner central layer of a fabric woven from textured yarns formed from a material having a melting point higher than either of the heat activatable resins and bonded to the films at a temperature above the melting points of the resins and below the melting point of the fabric material.
Description
~07~083 This invention relates to laminated films and analogous sheet like structures for wrapping, packaging and re]ated purposes. More particularly, the invention relates to laminated films of dissimilar chemical composition which have improved resistance to delamination.
It is conventional in the film laminating art to bond two or more chemically dissimilar plastic films to prepare a laminated product which combines the physical properties of the individual films and ameleriorates any difference in physical properties that the individual film material may possess. For example, U.S. 3,453,173 teaches laminated films prepared from a polyolefin such as poly-ethylene or polypropylene and an acrylonitrile polymer particularly copolymers of acrylonitrile and a monoalkenyl monomer such as an acrylate ester such as methyl acrylate or methylmethacrylate or a vinyl aromatic such as styrene wherein the major portion of the polymer is acryloni-trile.
By laminating a film such as polypropylene which has good heat seal properties and poor gas barrier properties with a film formed from an acrylonitrile polymer which has relatively poor heat seal properties and excellent gas barrier properties, the resultant laminated film has good heat seal properties and excellent gas barrier properties.
Although the complementary characteristics of dissimilar film materials such as polyolefins and acryloni-.
trile polymers make them suitable for use as laminates, especially for foodstuff containing packages, the materials are somewhat incompatible. Because of the difference in physical and chemical properties, these -film materials are diEficult to bond together and once bonded there is a lack oF
adequate adhesion. As a result, during subseque~t handling of ; packages or other articles Eabricated from the dissimilar films, . .
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~ 07~083 and especially during prolonged storage periods, delamination between the dissimilar layers of the laminated structure occurs resulting in package failure.
A number of techniques have been developed to overcome these bonding difficulties. These techniques include chcmically, electrically or otherwise treating the surrace of at least one of the films or applying from a solvent solution a layer of an adhesive between the dissimilar film layers. The use of surface treatments or adhesive solution are either expensive, complex or otherwise disadvantageous. For example, when adhesive solution is used to bond the dissimilar film layers, residual solvent in the adhesive will permeate the film layers and contaminate foodstuff packaged therein.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a laminated sheet and a method for making the sheet which is suitable for use as a packaging material exhibit-ing improved resistance to delamination where there is provided a first ply formed from a first heat activatable thermoplastic resin, a second ply formed from a second heat 20 activatable thermoplastic resin having a chemical composition~ -~
different from the first resin, the first and second plies being bonded together with an intermediate bonding layer of a ~ -woven fabric comprised of textured yarns formed from a material having a melting point higher than the melting point of either of the two resins, the bonding being effected at a temperature higher than the melting point of either of the two resins and lower than the melting point of the textured yarn material.
The term "textured yarn" as used in the present specification and claims includes within its meaning yarns which have been subjected to a mechanical process to produce a hulked product having a relatively high potential stretch and includes crimped, curled, looped and heat set yarns.
It is conventional in the film laminating art to bond two or more chemically dissimilar plastic films to prepare a laminated product which combines the physical properties of the individual films and ameleriorates any difference in physical properties that the individual film material may possess. For example, U.S. 3,453,173 teaches laminated films prepared from a polyolefin such as poly-ethylene or polypropylene and an acrylonitrile polymer particularly copolymers of acrylonitrile and a monoalkenyl monomer such as an acrylate ester such as methyl acrylate or methylmethacrylate or a vinyl aromatic such as styrene wherein the major portion of the polymer is acryloni-trile.
By laminating a film such as polypropylene which has good heat seal properties and poor gas barrier properties with a film formed from an acrylonitrile polymer which has relatively poor heat seal properties and excellent gas barrier properties, the resultant laminated film has good heat seal properties and excellent gas barrier properties.
Although the complementary characteristics of dissimilar film materials such as polyolefins and acryloni-.
trile polymers make them suitable for use as laminates, especially for foodstuff containing packages, the materials are somewhat incompatible. Because of the difference in physical and chemical properties, these -film materials are diEficult to bond together and once bonded there is a lack oF
adequate adhesion. As a result, during subseque~t handling of ; packages or other articles Eabricated from the dissimilar films, . .
. ' .
..
~ 07~083 and especially during prolonged storage periods, delamination between the dissimilar layers of the laminated structure occurs resulting in package failure.
A number of techniques have been developed to overcome these bonding difficulties. These techniques include chcmically, electrically or otherwise treating the surrace of at least one of the films or applying from a solvent solution a layer of an adhesive between the dissimilar film layers. The use of surface treatments or adhesive solution are either expensive, complex or otherwise disadvantageous. For example, when adhesive solution is used to bond the dissimilar film layers, residual solvent in the adhesive will permeate the film layers and contaminate foodstuff packaged therein.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a laminated sheet and a method for making the sheet which is suitable for use as a packaging material exhibit-ing improved resistance to delamination where there is provided a first ply formed from a first heat activatable thermoplastic resin, a second ply formed from a second heat 20 activatable thermoplastic resin having a chemical composition~ -~
different from the first resin, the first and second plies being bonded together with an intermediate bonding layer of a ~ -woven fabric comprised of textured yarns formed from a material having a melting point higher than the melting point of either of the two resins, the bonding being effected at a temperature higher than the melting point of either of the two resins and lower than the melting point of the textured yarn material.
The term "textured yarn" as used in the present specification and claims includes within its meaning yarns which have been subjected to a mechanical process to produce a hulked product having a relatively high potential stretch and includes crimped, curled, looped and heat set yarns.
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1071~83 Textured yarns are produced by subjecting the fibers from which the yarns are constructed to a variety of well known mechanical processes including passing the yarn through a s~uffer-box, passing the yarn over a knife edge, twisting, heat setting and detwisting or false twisting and heat-setting and twisting. A more detailed description of textured yarns and their method of manufacture may be found in "Introduction to Textiles" by Evelyn E. Scott, 3rd edition, pages 280-285, John Wiley ~ Cons, Inc.
Textured yarns made from thermoplastic resins are known to the art with nylon and polyes~er yarns being among the most widely available. Fabrics woven from textured nylon yarns are preferred in the practice of the present invention.
Nylon yarns include yarns fromed from polycaproamide, poly-hexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, poly-caprylamide, polyundecanoamide and polydodecanamide. These B nylons are respectively commonly known as nylo~-6, nylon-6,6, nylon~ 6,10, nylon 8, nylon~ll, and nylon 12. The polyamides most preferred in the practice of the present invention are polycaproamide (nylon 6) and polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon 6,6).
Textured fabrics woven from yarn materials composed of materials other than thermoplastic resins as for example fabrics woven from textured glass yarns may also be used in the practice of the present invention.
The thermoplastic film plies which are bonded to the intermediate fabric layer to form the laminate may be formed from any~heat activatable thermoplastic resin. Suitable thermoplastlc film materials useful in the prac-tice of the present invention include polyvinylidene chloride tSaran)~and copolymers thereof with vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, poly-styrene, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-
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, . , ~ . .
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1071~83 Textured yarns are produced by subjecting the fibers from which the yarns are constructed to a variety of well known mechanical processes including passing the yarn through a s~uffer-box, passing the yarn over a knife edge, twisting, heat setting and detwisting or false twisting and heat-setting and twisting. A more detailed description of textured yarns and their method of manufacture may be found in "Introduction to Textiles" by Evelyn E. Scott, 3rd edition, pages 280-285, John Wiley ~ Cons, Inc.
Textured yarns made from thermoplastic resins are known to the art with nylon and polyes~er yarns being among the most widely available. Fabrics woven from textured nylon yarns are preferred in the practice of the present invention.
Nylon yarns include yarns fromed from polycaproamide, poly-hexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, poly-caprylamide, polyundecanoamide and polydodecanamide. These B nylons are respectively commonly known as nylo~-6, nylon-6,6, nylon~ 6,10, nylon 8, nylon~ll, and nylon 12. The polyamides most preferred in the practice of the present invention are polycaproamide (nylon 6) and polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon 6,6).
Textured fabrics woven from yarn materials composed of materials other than thermoplastic resins as for example fabrics woven from textured glass yarns may also be used in the practice of the present invention.
The thermoplastic film plies which are bonded to the intermediate fabric layer to form the laminate may be formed from any~heat activatable thermoplastic resin. Suitable thermoplastlc film materials useful in the prac-tice of the present invention include polyvinylidene chloride tSaran)~and copolymers thereof with vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, poly-styrene, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-
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1~7~083 olefin copolymers, styrene-isobutylene copolymers, polyvinyl-ch]oride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, acrylonitrile polymers and particularly acrylonitrile copolymers containing 60 to 90 percent by weight of acrylonitrile and 10 to 40 percent hy weight o~ another ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as styrene, or an alkyl acrylate such as methyl acrylate and graft copolymers of the acrylonitrile polymers with 1 to 20 percent by weight of a rubbery polymer such as butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber.
The laminated structures of the present inven~ion are prepared by interposing the fabric woven from textured yarns between two films formed from heat activatable thermoplastic resins having a chemical composition which is different from each other, the textured yarn material having a melting point higher than either of the two resins.
Generally the films laminated in accordance with the practice of the present invention have a thickness between 0.5 mil and 500 mils and films having a thickness in the range of 1 mil to 50 mils are preferred.
The fabric intermediate layer to which the films are bonded is formed from textured yarns of 2 to 210 denier. For packaging applications, it is preferred that the plastic films have a thickness between 1 to 25 mils and the fabric be woven from textured yarn having the dimensions 15 to 40 denier.
The overall thickness of the laminates of this invention can be anywhere within the range of from about 2 mils up to as high as about 1 inch. Usually, the laminate thickness is within the range of rom about 3 to 50 mils. Overall thickness can depend on factors such as the intended use, method of manufacture, and cost and availability of materials.
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1~7~083 olefin copolymers, styrene-isobutylene copolymers, polyvinyl-ch]oride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, acrylonitrile polymers and particularly acrylonitrile copolymers containing 60 to 90 percent by weight of acrylonitrile and 10 to 40 percent hy weight o~ another ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as styrene, or an alkyl acrylate such as methyl acrylate and graft copolymers of the acrylonitrile polymers with 1 to 20 percent by weight of a rubbery polymer such as butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber.
The laminated structures of the present inven~ion are prepared by interposing the fabric woven from textured yarns between two films formed from heat activatable thermoplastic resins having a chemical composition which is different from each other, the textured yarn material having a melting point higher than either of the two resins.
Generally the films laminated in accordance with the practice of the present invention have a thickness between 0.5 mil and 500 mils and films having a thickness in the range of 1 mil to 50 mils are preferred.
The fabric intermediate layer to which the films are bonded is formed from textured yarns of 2 to 210 denier. For packaging applications, it is preferred that the plastic films have a thickness between 1 to 25 mils and the fabric be woven from textured yarn having the dimensions 15 to 40 denier.
The overall thickness of the laminates of this invention can be anywhere within the range of from about 2 mils up to as high as about 1 inch. Usually, the laminate thickness is within the range of rom about 3 to 50 mils. Overall thickness can depend on factors such as the intended use, method of manufacture, and cost and availability of materials.
- 4 1~7~iL083 In preparing tlle laminates of the present invention, any of the various known methods used for manufacturing laminates may be employed, the simplest being preforming the films and interposing the fabric of textured yarn bétween the Eilms and then bonding the films to the fabric by the application of heat and pressure at levels generally employed for bonding films of thermoplastic resins materials e.g., 250 to 500F for 1/60 second to 2 minutes at 50 to 2000 pounds per square inch (psi) pressure being typical ranges of times, temperatures and pressures which can be used to prepare the laminates.
It is critical to the practice of the present invention, that the bonding temperatures within the typical ranges specified above be chosen so that the particular temperature at which the films are laminated is below the melting point of the textured fabric material and higher than the melting point of either of the thermoplastic resins from which the films are formed.
~or example in preparing laminates from films formed from acrylonitrile polymers and polyolefin resins having a textured nylon fabric intermediate layer, the bonding temperature should be below the melting point of the nylon resin and above the melting point of either the acrylonitrile polymer or the poly-olefin resin. As will hereinafter be illustrated, the bond strength of the laminate is diminished as the lamination temperature is lowered to approach the melting point of the film resins or raised to approach the melting point of the fabric ; resin. ~-The laminated products of this invention are useful as packaging fi]ms as well as for the construction of containers such as boxes, cans, tubes and collapsible tubes. The laminates ~ormcd from polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer films are particularly useEul as gas barrier liners for spiralpaper cans
It is critical to the practice of the present invention, that the bonding temperatures within the typical ranges specified above be chosen so that the particular temperature at which the films are laminated is below the melting point of the textured fabric material and higher than the melting point of either of the thermoplastic resins from which the films are formed.
~or example in preparing laminates from films formed from acrylonitrile polymers and polyolefin resins having a textured nylon fabric intermediate layer, the bonding temperature should be below the melting point of the nylon resin and above the melting point of either the acrylonitrile polymer or the poly-olefin resin. As will hereinafter be illustrated, the bond strength of the laminate is diminished as the lamination temperature is lowered to approach the melting point of the film resins or raised to approach the melting point of the fabric ; resin. ~-The laminated products of this invention are useful as packaging fi]ms as well as for the construction of containers such as boxes, cans, tubes and collapsible tubes. The laminates ~ormcd from polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer films are particularly useEul as gas barrier liners for spiralpaper cans
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~7~083 which can be used for packaging motor oil, paints, vegetable oils as well as in t]le packaging o poultry, meats, cheese, butter, other dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fish and the like which are subject to deterioration from bacterial action, mold development and similar decompositional influences.
The present invention is illustrated by the following Example.
EXAMPLE
A 2 inch x 2 inch woven fabric consisting wholly of 18/5 (18 denier, 5 fibrils) textured nylon 6 yarn of the type employed in the manufacture of nylon hosiery was interposed between a 3 inch diameter, 16 mil film of polypropylene and a B 3 inch diameter 14 mil film of Barex 210, an acrylonitrile polymer manufactured by- the Viston Company which is an acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate-acrylonitrile, butadiene graft copolymer containing 69% acrylonitrile, 22% methyl acrylate and 9% butadiene. Barex 21~ has a glass transition temperature of 176F, polypropylene has a melting point range of 300-320F
and nylon 6 has a melting point of about 420F. The poly- -propylene and acrylonitrile polymer films with the textured nylon fabric in*erposed therebetween were inserted between a pair of platens heated at temperatures ranging from 320-480F
and pressed together for 1 minute at 1100 pounds per square inch ~psi) pressure. The laminated assembly was then cooled to room temperature while the 1100 psi pressure was maintained.
The resistance of the laminated sheet to delamination was determined by measuring the force required to pull the polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer film layers apart by pulling the bonded layers apart at an angle of 180 to the bond in the opposing jaws of an Amthor tensile testing device at the r~te of 12 inches per minute in two separate test runs using strips 1 inch wide which had been cut out from different sections ~ k~ 6 .
. -:
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, . : . .
' - ~o7~i~s3 of the laminated sheet.
The procedure of the Example was repeated using textured nylon fabrics of differing chemical composition (Nylon 6,6-melting point about 510F) and yarn size as well as glass fabric (mel~ing point in excess of 1350F) woven from textured yarn.
'rhe results of these tests are recorded in the Table below.
For purposes of comparison, the bond strengths of other laminated sheets prepared in a manner identical to the Example wlth the exception that a nylon or glass fabric intermediate layer wo~en from untextured yarn was interposed between the polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer film layers. The results of these comparison runs are also summarized in the Table, the comparison runs being designated by the symbol "C".
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~~~` ~o7~s3 TABLE
Bond Strength Yarn From Bonding(lbs/inch width) Run Which Fabric Nylon Yarn Temperature 1st Test 2nd Test No. Woven Dimensions (F) Sample Sample 1 Nylon 6 18/5 320 8.0 2 Nylon 6 18/5 350 17.0 10.0 3 Nylon 6 18/5 380 13.0 15.6 4 Nylon 6 18/5 395 23.0 20.3 Nylon 6 18/5 410 3.5 4.5 10 6 Nylon 6 40/10 320 7.4 4.4 7 Nylon 6 40/10 350 23.5 19.6 8 Nylon 6 40/10 380 26.4 28.0 9 Nylon 6 40/10 395 23.0 20.3 Nylon 6 40/10 410 4.0 5.0 11 Nylon 6,6 18/4 350 14.6 13.2 12 Nylon 6,6 18/4 380 19.4 28.4 13 Nylon 6,6 18/4 410 38.4 35.0 14 Nylon 6,6 40/13 350 17.0 17.0 Nylon 6,6 40/13 380 21.2 22.0 2016 Nylon 6,6 40/13 410 34.6 17 Glass * - 400 7.8 7.8 Cl Nylon 6,6 40/13 350 0-7 1.4 2 Nylon 6,6 40/13 380 1.3 1.8 c3 Nylon 6,6 40/13 410 1.1 0.7 C4 Glass - 400 3.0 4.1 * Textured in one dimension.
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1~7~383 By reference to the Table, it is immediately apparent that laminated films prepared using an intermediate bonding layer of a nylon or glass fabric woven from textured yarn ~Run Nos. 1-17) have substantially greater resistance to delamination than similar laminated films prepared using a nylon or glass fabric woven from untextured yarn (Run Nos. Cl-C4) as the intermediate bonding layer. It will also be noted from the Table, that, as the bonding temperatures approach the melting point of the nylon resin (nylon 6, test nos~ 5, 10) there is a substantial deminution in the bond strength of the laminate.
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~7~083 which can be used for packaging motor oil, paints, vegetable oils as well as in t]le packaging o poultry, meats, cheese, butter, other dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fish and the like which are subject to deterioration from bacterial action, mold development and similar decompositional influences.
The present invention is illustrated by the following Example.
EXAMPLE
A 2 inch x 2 inch woven fabric consisting wholly of 18/5 (18 denier, 5 fibrils) textured nylon 6 yarn of the type employed in the manufacture of nylon hosiery was interposed between a 3 inch diameter, 16 mil film of polypropylene and a B 3 inch diameter 14 mil film of Barex 210, an acrylonitrile polymer manufactured by- the Viston Company which is an acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate-acrylonitrile, butadiene graft copolymer containing 69% acrylonitrile, 22% methyl acrylate and 9% butadiene. Barex 21~ has a glass transition temperature of 176F, polypropylene has a melting point range of 300-320F
and nylon 6 has a melting point of about 420F. The poly- -propylene and acrylonitrile polymer films with the textured nylon fabric in*erposed therebetween were inserted between a pair of platens heated at temperatures ranging from 320-480F
and pressed together for 1 minute at 1100 pounds per square inch ~psi) pressure. The laminated assembly was then cooled to room temperature while the 1100 psi pressure was maintained.
The resistance of the laminated sheet to delamination was determined by measuring the force required to pull the polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer film layers apart by pulling the bonded layers apart at an angle of 180 to the bond in the opposing jaws of an Amthor tensile testing device at the r~te of 12 inches per minute in two separate test runs using strips 1 inch wide which had been cut out from different sections ~ k~ 6 .
. -:
.
, . : . .
' - ~o7~i~s3 of the laminated sheet.
The procedure of the Example was repeated using textured nylon fabrics of differing chemical composition (Nylon 6,6-melting point about 510F) and yarn size as well as glass fabric (mel~ing point in excess of 1350F) woven from textured yarn.
'rhe results of these tests are recorded in the Table below.
For purposes of comparison, the bond strengths of other laminated sheets prepared in a manner identical to the Example wlth the exception that a nylon or glass fabric intermediate layer wo~en from untextured yarn was interposed between the polypropylene and acrylonitrile polymer film layers. The results of these comparison runs are also summarized in the Table, the comparison runs being designated by the symbol "C".
;
~~~` ~o7~s3 TABLE
Bond Strength Yarn From Bonding(lbs/inch width) Run Which Fabric Nylon Yarn Temperature 1st Test 2nd Test No. Woven Dimensions (F) Sample Sample 1 Nylon 6 18/5 320 8.0 2 Nylon 6 18/5 350 17.0 10.0 3 Nylon 6 18/5 380 13.0 15.6 4 Nylon 6 18/5 395 23.0 20.3 Nylon 6 18/5 410 3.5 4.5 10 6 Nylon 6 40/10 320 7.4 4.4 7 Nylon 6 40/10 350 23.5 19.6 8 Nylon 6 40/10 380 26.4 28.0 9 Nylon 6 40/10 395 23.0 20.3 Nylon 6 40/10 410 4.0 5.0 11 Nylon 6,6 18/4 350 14.6 13.2 12 Nylon 6,6 18/4 380 19.4 28.4 13 Nylon 6,6 18/4 410 38.4 35.0 14 Nylon 6,6 40/13 350 17.0 17.0 Nylon 6,6 40/13 380 21.2 22.0 2016 Nylon 6,6 40/13 410 34.6 17 Glass * - 400 7.8 7.8 Cl Nylon 6,6 40/13 350 0-7 1.4 2 Nylon 6,6 40/13 380 1.3 1.8 c3 Nylon 6,6 40/13 410 1.1 0.7 C4 Glass - 400 3.0 4.1 * Textured in one dimension.
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1~7~383 By reference to the Table, it is immediately apparent that laminated films prepared using an intermediate bonding layer of a nylon or glass fabric woven from textured yarn ~Run Nos. 1-17) have substantially greater resistance to delamination than similar laminated films prepared using a nylon or glass fabric woven from untextured yarn (Run Nos. Cl-C4) as the intermediate bonding layer. It will also be noted from the Table, that, as the bonding temperatures approach the melting point of the nylon resin (nylon 6, test nos~ 5, 10) there is a substantial deminution in the bond strength of the laminate.
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Claims (14)
1. A laminated sheet comprised of a first film formed from a first heat activatable thermoplastic resin, a second film formed from a second heat activatable thermoplastic resin, the first thermoplastic resin having a chemical composition different from the second thermoplastic resin and an intermediate bonding layer between the first and second films, the intermediate layer being a woven fabric comprised of textured yarns having a denier of 2 to 210, formed from a material having a melting point higher than either of the two resins.
2. The laminated sheet of claim 1, wherein the first and second resins are polypropylene and an acrylonitrile polymer respectively.
3. The laminated sheet of claim 2, wherein the acrylonitrile polymer is an acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate-acrylonitrile/butadiene graft copolymer.
4. The laminated sheet of claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon yarns.
5. The laminated sheet of claim 4, wherein the inter-mediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon 6 yarns.
6. The laminated sheet of claim 4, wherein the inter-mediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon 6,6 yarns.
7. The laminated sheet of claim 1, wherein the inter-mediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured glass yarns.
8. A process for preparing a laminated sheet having improved resistance to delamination comprising the steps of providing a first film formed from a first heat activatable thermoplastic resin, providing a second film formed from a second heat activatable thermoplastic resin, the first thermo-plastic resin having a chemical composition different from the second thermoplastic resin, interposing an intermediate bonding layer between the first and second films, the inter-mediate layer being a woven fabric comprised of textured yarns having a denier of 2 to 210 formed from a material having a melting point higher than either of the first and second resins and then bonding the layers at a temperature higher than the melting point of the first and second resins and lower than the melting point of the textured yarn material.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the first and second resins are polypropylene and an acrylonitrile polymer respectively.
10. The process of claim 8, wherein the acrylonitrile polymer is an acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate-acrylonitrile/
butadiene graft copolymer.
butadiene graft copolymer.
11. The process of claim 8, wherein the intermediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon yarns.
12. The process of claim 11, wherein the intermediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon 6 yarns.
13. The process of claim 11, wherein the intermediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured nylon 6,6 yarns.
14. The process of claim 8, wherein the intermediate layer is a woven fabric comprised of textured glass yarns.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57690575A | 1975-05-12 | 1975-05-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1071083A true CA1071083A (en) | 1980-02-05 |
Family
ID=24306487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA239,609A Expired CA1071083A (en) | 1975-05-12 | 1975-11-10 | Laminated films bonded with fabrics woven from textured yarns |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1071083A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6979479B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2005-12-27 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Flexible material for lighter-than-air vehicles |
| US8524621B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2013-09-03 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Metallized flexible laminate material for lighter-than-air vehicles |
-
1975
- 1975-11-10 CA CA239,609A patent/CA1071083A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6979479B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2005-12-27 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Flexible material for lighter-than-air vehicles |
| US7354636B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2008-04-08 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Flexible laminate material for lighter-than-air vehicles |
| US8524621B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2013-09-03 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Metallized flexible laminate material for lighter-than-air vehicles |
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