CA1069274A - Process for the generation of electric power - Google Patents
Process for the generation of electric powerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1069274A CA1069274A CA239,613A CA239613A CA1069274A CA 1069274 A CA1069274 A CA 1069274A CA 239613 A CA239613 A CA 239613A CA 1069274 A CA1069274 A CA 1069274A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- sulphur
- hydrogen sulphide
- tertiary amine
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/24—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being liquid at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A process for the generation of electric power in which a liquid or a solid sulphur-containing fuel is partially burnt, the combustion gases are cooled, hydrogen sulphide is removed from the combustion gases by absorption in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, the absorbed hydrogen sulphide is liberated and converted to elemental sulphur, the gases obtained after the absorption of hydrogen sulphide in the aqueous solution of a tertiary amine are burnt further and the resultant energy is used to drive a power-generating turbine.
A process for the generation of electric power in which a liquid or a solid sulphur-containing fuel is partially burnt, the combustion gases are cooled, hydrogen sulphide is removed from the combustion gases by absorption in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, the absorbed hydrogen sulphide is liberated and converted to elemental sulphur, the gases obtained after the absorption of hydrogen sulphide in the aqueous solution of a tertiary amine are burnt further and the resultant energy is used to drive a power-generating turbine.
Description
9 ~r~7 1~
The invention relates to a process for the generation of electric power.
Electric power can be generatled by burning fossil fuels and directly utilizing the gases liberated thereb~
to drive a power-gsnerating turbin~, or utilizing the said gases for producing steam with whioh a turbine for the said object can be driven. When fuels are used whlch contain considerable quantities of sulphur (and this will generally be the case), large quantities of sulphur oxides are formed. Before the combustion gases are discharged to the atmQsphere, at least most of the sulphur oxides must be removed therefrom in order to minimize environmental pollution. Although such a removal is possible per se, for example as described in the ~K
patent application No, 1,089,716, in a number of cases, removal of sulphur dioxides from the combustion gases will for economic reasons not be attra¢tive. If the sulphur oxides-containing gases are directly utilized to drive a power-generating turbine, they will moreover at a certain temperature have an unaoceptable corrosive effe¢t on the materials of the said turbine, whioh restricts the temperature range in which the gaaes can be utilized to `~
drive a turbine.
It is also possible to burn the fuel partially, i.e.
by burning with a deficiency of oxygen or air largsly to ; ` convert it into ¢arbon monoxide and hydrogen. This combustion is generally carried out under pressure. In this process the bound sulphur present in the fuel will be largely converted into hydrogen sulphide. This hydrogen sulphide can be removed from the resultant gas mixture, after which the gases can be burnt completely and the essflntially S02-free combustion gases utilized to drive a power-generating turbine. ~he gases formed during the partial combustion of the fuel will generally also ¢ontain ' ~ '~
': .
.. . . .
not inconsiderable quantitie~ of carbon dioxide. In the removal of hydrogen sulphide with liquid basic absorbents the problem now arises that carbon dioxide is absorbed into the said absorbents together with hydrogen sulphide.
After desorption of the gases from the said absorbents, mixture6 of carbon dioxide and hydrogsn sulphide are obtained which contain relatively large quantities of carbon dioxide. If it is desired to convert the hydrogen sulphide present in these mixtures into elemental sulphur (for example by means of a Claus process), the objection is encountered that the carbon dioxide present, which behaves as an inert gas in the Claus process, neces6itates the u6e of large (and therefore expensive) Claus plants, and moreover has an adverse effect on the heat balance of the Claus plant.
~oreover, it is preferred to remove the smallest possible quantity ~ carbon dioxide from the gas mixture ~ -obtained during the partial combustion of the fuel, because the said carbon dioxide also contributes to the supply of energy to the power-generating turbine. ~hi~
contribution can be very considerable; the difference in ;i the total output of the power station may be 0.3~, depending on whether substantially no or substantially all carbon dioxide is removed from the gas mixture obtained during the partial combustion of the fuel.
The invention provides a process in which the said problems are obviated and a power-generating turbine is driven with the energy from a sulphur-free gas, and in which hydrogen sulphide i6 obtained in such a concentrated form that it can readily be processed into elemental sulphur (preferably by means of a Claus process).
The invention therefore relates to a prooess for the generation of electric power, characterized in that a heavy liquid or a solid sulphur-containing fuel is partially burnt, the combu~tion gases are cooled, the '"' ~ ' ''"'.
:,' ~69~7~
hydrogen sulphide is removed from the combustion gaees by absorption in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, the absorbed hydrogen sulphide is liberated and converted into elemental sulphur, the gases obtained after the absorption of hydrogen ~ulphide in the aqueous solution of a tertiary amine are burnt and a power generating turbine is driven with the resultant energy.
Use may very suitably be made of a distillate fraction of a mineral oil as liquid sulphur-containing fueln Preference is given to heavy fuel oils consisting entirely or partially of a distillate residue of a mineral oil or asphalts. Lignite and coke~ and in particular coal, are very suitable as solid sulphur-containing fuel. It is also possible to use fuels in which solid constituents (e.g. coal) are dispersed in liquid constituents (e.g.
a residual fuel oil).
The partial combustion of the fuel may be carried out by burning in the presence of a quantity of air or oxygen which is at least sufficient to convert all the boun-d~carbon and hydrogen present in the fuel into carbon monoxide and hydrogen. If desired, water or steam is also added to the fuel prior to the partial combustion.
` In general, the combustion will be carried out under pressure; pressures from 5 to 50 kg/cm2 are very suitable.
The gas obtained during the partial combustion, which gas contains largely ~2 and also C0, H2, C02 and H2S, is cooled, generally to a temperature between room temperature and 100C, in partioular between 20 and 70C, and if desired, solid oonstituents such as coal and metal oxides ~30 are removed therefrom, for example by washing with water.
The heat resulting from the cooling i8 very suitably utilized for the production of steam, for example in a waste heat boiler.
The H2S i6 removed from the gas obtained during the partial combustion by absorption in an aqueous solution ... . _ _ ~9'~7 of a tertisry amine and this treatment is preferably oarried out without reducing the pressure of the gas mixture. In~
order to keep the absorption of C02 in this solution as low aQ pos~ible, it is preferred to use a tertiary amine containing at least one hydroxy alkyl group, such as tri-ethanol amine. Most preference i9 given to tertiary amines containing one alkyl group a~d two hydroxy alkyl groups, in particular to methyl diethanol amine. ~se i~ very auitably made of an aqueous solution containing 1-5 mol/l of the tertiary amine.
If desirèd, physical solvents for H2S may also be incorporated in the aqueo~s solution of a tertiary amine, which solvents may be, for example, sulfolane, N-methyl ~ -p~rolidone, dimethyl formamide.
The gases are very suitably contacted counter-currently with the absorbent in an absorption tower which is filled with filling elements, such as Raschig rings and/or contains a number of contact tray~.
The gases absorbed in the aqueous solution of the tertiary amine are suitably removed therefrom by heating and/or stripping with steam. As a result of the fact that in the process acoording to the invention only a small quantity of carbon dioxide is absorbed in the aqueous solution of the tertiary amine, the quantity of steam ~;-required for stripping is smaller than when use is made of other absorbents for acid gase~ which ab~orb more carbon dioxide. Moreover, the quantities of liquid absorbents can be much smaller in the former case than in the latter case, 80 that the plants for the absorption of ~0 the acid gases and those for the steam stripping of the absorbent loaded with acid gases can be of smaller dimensions.
The resultant gases, which consist predominantly of E2S and C02, can be passed to a Claus plant, where the ~5 ~2S is converted to elemental sulphur. If the C02 content .
' .
;., . ,,, _ ,. ;
.' . .
I
.
92'7~
of the aforementioned resultant gases is still too high to be able to readily process these gases in a Claus plant9 they are very suitably treated once again with an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, for example in a separate absorption tower and preferably at atmospheric pressure. The gas not abaorbed in this second absorption step (which consists predominantly of C02) can (if desired, after combustion of the traces of ~2S present therein) be discharged to the atmosphere. ~he gases absorbed in the second absorption step are (if desired partially) liberated from the loaded aqueous solution of a tertiary amine by means of heating and/or stripping with steam - a~d the resultant gases, which consist entirely or substantially entirely of H2S, oan readily serve as feed for a Claus plant.
~he gases obtained after the treatment with an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, which gases are now entirely or substantially entirely free of sulphur compounds, are subsequently burnt further. The resultant energy can be used for the production of steam, with whioh a turbine is driven-for the generation of current.
It is preferred that the resultant combustion gases themselves are used for driving a turbine for the generation of electric power, i.e. that use is made of an expansion turbine. As has been expounded above, the absence of sulphur oxides in the gases allows higher gas temperatures to be used for the turbinej which improved the efficiency of the power~~enerating prooess. These inoreases in efficienoy ~; are approx. 1~o per 100C inorease in inlet temperature.
The gases leaying the turbine are oooled with water, - -as a result of whioh steam is obtained with whioh, if desired, a steam turbine for the generation of eleotrio power is driven, and subsequently discharged to the abmo-sphere. ~ere a~ain, the absenoe of sulphur oxides is found to be an advanbage~ since the gases oan be cooled to a , .
274 ::
temperature below the dewpoint of ~ulphur oxiaes (and thus more heat can be withdrawn therefrom) before they are discharged to the atmosphere.
By way of illustration a diagrammatio example of an embodiment of the invention is given with reference to the accompanying Figure. Air supplied through line 1 is~
compres6ed in the compressor 2 and after having been recompressed in the booster compressor 3 is mixed with fuel, supplied through line 4. Partial combustion takes place in the reactor 5 and a proportion of the heat liberated i9 utilized for the production of steam in the waste heat boiler 6. The ~ombustion gases are further cooled in the cooler 7 and then, in order to remove carbon and ash, scrubbed with water in the scrubbing tower 8 from which carbon and ash are removed through line 9. ~he combustion gases are then treated in the scrubbing tower 10 ~ with an aqueous solution of methyl diethanol amine in order ; to remove H2S. The loaded methyl diethanol amine solution is removed through line 11. ~y steam stripping in the column 21 the H2S is liberated and passed through line 22 to the Claus plant 23, from which it becomes available as sulphur through line 24. The gases freed of H2S are subsequently mixed with compressed air (supplied through line 12) and completely burnt in the reactor 13. The resultant combustion gases are used to drive the turbine 14, with which electric power is generated. ~he gases leaving the turbine 14 are passed to the offgas boiler 15, in which steam originating from the waste heat boiler 6 (supplied through line 16) is heated further. ~his steam is used to ~ drive the steam turbine 17, with which electric power is generated. ~he steam leaving this steam turbine is conden~ed in the condenser 18 and the resultant water is recyoled by means of the water pump 19 through line 20 to the waste heat boiler 6 through the cooler 7.
,. ' ~ .
, .
.
', ... .
- : .:: -: - .
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Z7~
EXAMPLE
. __ An asphalt obtained by treating a mineral oil distillation residue with liquid propane (known as a propane asphalt~ was heated to 350C and partially burnt at a temperature of 1400C and a pressure of 14 bar by means of air heated to 410C. ~he ~able shows the composition of the propane asphalt and the gas obtained therefrom (not taking water into account). ~he resultant gas was cooled to 40C, and treated with an aqueous solution of methyl diethano:L amine containin~ 24 g of methyl diethanol amine per litre. ~he solution loaded with acid gases was stripped with steam at atmospheric pressure; the resultant gas mixture contained ~2S and C2 in a weight ratio of 1.46 and was supplied to a Claus plant in which the H2S wa~ converted to elemental sulphur.
~he combustion gas freed of ~2S had the oomposition, not taking water into account, stated a~ "sulphur-free MDEA gas" in the Table. A calculation was made of the total output of the plant assuming that this gas wa burnt with air at a pres~ure of 10 atm., a power-generating turbine was driven with the oombustion gases (inlet temperature of the gases 950C), and with the -l~ gases leaving the turbine steam was prepared and used to drive a steam turbine. ~his total output was 37.1%.
For purposes of comparison, the same experiment was carried out but instead of an aqueous ~olution of methyl diethanol amine, a solution of 27 g of di-isopropanol amine per litre of water was used. ~he composition of the . ~ ~
resultant gas is shown in the ~able as "sulphur-free ADIP
gas". A calculation was made of the total output if this ; gas had been further burnt in the manner a~ described above, and used for the generatlon of power. The total - output of the installation in this ca~e was 36~.
,, , ~ . .
'~ ~ : ` : , . -.
:, .~ . . ' ' 1: . : : : ~
l.C~69Z74 .`~ g ~ A~LE
iPropane a8phalt Combustion~gas rulphur-free Sulphur-free ¦ I ~ M~ gaB ~ ADIP ~a~
composition i Composition l,¢omposition oomposition ~ . l . __ . _................. __ compo- j %w compo- ~w compo-I ~w compo- yOw nents nent~ nents nent~
~, . . . . . . , __ __ _ ' ' .
C 83.6 C022-74 C02 2.24 C021.40 H 9-4 C023.04 C0 23.33 C023.53 S 6.56 H213.33 E2 13-50 X213~61 :- : -N 0.29 H2S0.73 H2S 0.002 ~2S0.002 0 0.05 COS0.03 COS 0.02~ COS0.028 aB 0.10 CH4 '3C~4 -3 C~4 -3 .. .
H20 , _ H20_ E20 _ N259-39 N260.15 N2~ 60~67 0.71 A0.72 A0.73 . . .__ : _ : .. ~ ' ,:
The invention relates to a process for the generation of electric power.
Electric power can be generatled by burning fossil fuels and directly utilizing the gases liberated thereb~
to drive a power-gsnerating turbin~, or utilizing the said gases for producing steam with whioh a turbine for the said object can be driven. When fuels are used whlch contain considerable quantities of sulphur (and this will generally be the case), large quantities of sulphur oxides are formed. Before the combustion gases are discharged to the atmQsphere, at least most of the sulphur oxides must be removed therefrom in order to minimize environmental pollution. Although such a removal is possible per se, for example as described in the ~K
patent application No, 1,089,716, in a number of cases, removal of sulphur dioxides from the combustion gases will for economic reasons not be attra¢tive. If the sulphur oxides-containing gases are directly utilized to drive a power-generating turbine, they will moreover at a certain temperature have an unaoceptable corrosive effe¢t on the materials of the said turbine, whioh restricts the temperature range in which the gaaes can be utilized to `~
drive a turbine.
It is also possible to burn the fuel partially, i.e.
by burning with a deficiency of oxygen or air largsly to ; ` convert it into ¢arbon monoxide and hydrogen. This combustion is generally carried out under pressure. In this process the bound sulphur present in the fuel will be largely converted into hydrogen sulphide. This hydrogen sulphide can be removed from the resultant gas mixture, after which the gases can be burnt completely and the essflntially S02-free combustion gases utilized to drive a power-generating turbine. ~he gases formed during the partial combustion of the fuel will generally also ¢ontain ' ~ '~
': .
.. . . .
not inconsiderable quantitie~ of carbon dioxide. In the removal of hydrogen sulphide with liquid basic absorbents the problem now arises that carbon dioxide is absorbed into the said absorbents together with hydrogen sulphide.
After desorption of the gases from the said absorbents, mixture6 of carbon dioxide and hydrogsn sulphide are obtained which contain relatively large quantities of carbon dioxide. If it is desired to convert the hydrogen sulphide present in these mixtures into elemental sulphur (for example by means of a Claus process), the objection is encountered that the carbon dioxide present, which behaves as an inert gas in the Claus process, neces6itates the u6e of large (and therefore expensive) Claus plants, and moreover has an adverse effect on the heat balance of the Claus plant.
~oreover, it is preferred to remove the smallest possible quantity ~ carbon dioxide from the gas mixture ~ -obtained during the partial combustion of the fuel, because the said carbon dioxide also contributes to the supply of energy to the power-generating turbine. ~hi~
contribution can be very considerable; the difference in ;i the total output of the power station may be 0.3~, depending on whether substantially no or substantially all carbon dioxide is removed from the gas mixture obtained during the partial combustion of the fuel.
The invention provides a process in which the said problems are obviated and a power-generating turbine is driven with the energy from a sulphur-free gas, and in which hydrogen sulphide i6 obtained in such a concentrated form that it can readily be processed into elemental sulphur (preferably by means of a Claus process).
The invention therefore relates to a prooess for the generation of electric power, characterized in that a heavy liquid or a solid sulphur-containing fuel is partially burnt, the combu~tion gases are cooled, the '"' ~ ' ''"'.
:,' ~69~7~
hydrogen sulphide is removed from the combustion gaees by absorption in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, the absorbed hydrogen sulphide is liberated and converted into elemental sulphur, the gases obtained after the absorption of hydrogen ~ulphide in the aqueous solution of a tertiary amine are burnt and a power generating turbine is driven with the resultant energy.
Use may very suitably be made of a distillate fraction of a mineral oil as liquid sulphur-containing fueln Preference is given to heavy fuel oils consisting entirely or partially of a distillate residue of a mineral oil or asphalts. Lignite and coke~ and in particular coal, are very suitable as solid sulphur-containing fuel. It is also possible to use fuels in which solid constituents (e.g. coal) are dispersed in liquid constituents (e.g.
a residual fuel oil).
The partial combustion of the fuel may be carried out by burning in the presence of a quantity of air or oxygen which is at least sufficient to convert all the boun-d~carbon and hydrogen present in the fuel into carbon monoxide and hydrogen. If desired, water or steam is also added to the fuel prior to the partial combustion.
` In general, the combustion will be carried out under pressure; pressures from 5 to 50 kg/cm2 are very suitable.
The gas obtained during the partial combustion, which gas contains largely ~2 and also C0, H2, C02 and H2S, is cooled, generally to a temperature between room temperature and 100C, in partioular between 20 and 70C, and if desired, solid oonstituents such as coal and metal oxides ~30 are removed therefrom, for example by washing with water.
The heat resulting from the cooling i8 very suitably utilized for the production of steam, for example in a waste heat boiler.
The H2S i6 removed from the gas obtained during the partial combustion by absorption in an aqueous solution ... . _ _ ~9'~7 of a tertisry amine and this treatment is preferably oarried out without reducing the pressure of the gas mixture. In~
order to keep the absorption of C02 in this solution as low aQ pos~ible, it is preferred to use a tertiary amine containing at least one hydroxy alkyl group, such as tri-ethanol amine. Most preference i9 given to tertiary amines containing one alkyl group a~d two hydroxy alkyl groups, in particular to methyl diethanol amine. ~se i~ very auitably made of an aqueous solution containing 1-5 mol/l of the tertiary amine.
If desirèd, physical solvents for H2S may also be incorporated in the aqueo~s solution of a tertiary amine, which solvents may be, for example, sulfolane, N-methyl ~ -p~rolidone, dimethyl formamide.
The gases are very suitably contacted counter-currently with the absorbent in an absorption tower which is filled with filling elements, such as Raschig rings and/or contains a number of contact tray~.
The gases absorbed in the aqueous solution of the tertiary amine are suitably removed therefrom by heating and/or stripping with steam. As a result of the fact that in the process acoording to the invention only a small quantity of carbon dioxide is absorbed in the aqueous solution of the tertiary amine, the quantity of steam ~;-required for stripping is smaller than when use is made of other absorbents for acid gase~ which ab~orb more carbon dioxide. Moreover, the quantities of liquid absorbents can be much smaller in the former case than in the latter case, 80 that the plants for the absorption of ~0 the acid gases and those for the steam stripping of the absorbent loaded with acid gases can be of smaller dimensions.
The resultant gases, which consist predominantly of E2S and C02, can be passed to a Claus plant, where the ~5 ~2S is converted to elemental sulphur. If the C02 content .
' .
;., . ,,, _ ,. ;
.' . .
I
.
92'7~
of the aforementioned resultant gases is still too high to be able to readily process these gases in a Claus plant9 they are very suitably treated once again with an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, for example in a separate absorption tower and preferably at atmospheric pressure. The gas not abaorbed in this second absorption step (which consists predominantly of C02) can (if desired, after combustion of the traces of ~2S present therein) be discharged to the atmosphere. ~he gases absorbed in the second absorption step are (if desired partially) liberated from the loaded aqueous solution of a tertiary amine by means of heating and/or stripping with steam - a~d the resultant gases, which consist entirely or substantially entirely of H2S, oan readily serve as feed for a Claus plant.
~he gases obtained after the treatment with an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine, which gases are now entirely or substantially entirely free of sulphur compounds, are subsequently burnt further. The resultant energy can be used for the production of steam, with whioh a turbine is driven-for the generation of current.
It is preferred that the resultant combustion gases themselves are used for driving a turbine for the generation of electric power, i.e. that use is made of an expansion turbine. As has been expounded above, the absence of sulphur oxides in the gases allows higher gas temperatures to be used for the turbinej which improved the efficiency of the power~~enerating prooess. These inoreases in efficienoy ~; are approx. 1~o per 100C inorease in inlet temperature.
The gases leaying the turbine are oooled with water, - -as a result of whioh steam is obtained with whioh, if desired, a steam turbine for the generation of eleotrio power is driven, and subsequently discharged to the abmo-sphere. ~ere a~ain, the absenoe of sulphur oxides is found to be an advanbage~ since the gases oan be cooled to a , .
274 ::
temperature below the dewpoint of ~ulphur oxiaes (and thus more heat can be withdrawn therefrom) before they are discharged to the atmosphere.
By way of illustration a diagrammatio example of an embodiment of the invention is given with reference to the accompanying Figure. Air supplied through line 1 is~
compres6ed in the compressor 2 and after having been recompressed in the booster compressor 3 is mixed with fuel, supplied through line 4. Partial combustion takes place in the reactor 5 and a proportion of the heat liberated i9 utilized for the production of steam in the waste heat boiler 6. The ~ombustion gases are further cooled in the cooler 7 and then, in order to remove carbon and ash, scrubbed with water in the scrubbing tower 8 from which carbon and ash are removed through line 9. ~he combustion gases are then treated in the scrubbing tower 10 ~ with an aqueous solution of methyl diethanol amine in order ; to remove H2S. The loaded methyl diethanol amine solution is removed through line 11. ~y steam stripping in the column 21 the H2S is liberated and passed through line 22 to the Claus plant 23, from which it becomes available as sulphur through line 24. The gases freed of H2S are subsequently mixed with compressed air (supplied through line 12) and completely burnt in the reactor 13. The resultant combustion gases are used to drive the turbine 14, with which electric power is generated. ~he gases leaving the turbine 14 are passed to the offgas boiler 15, in which steam originating from the waste heat boiler 6 (supplied through line 16) is heated further. ~his steam is used to ~ drive the steam turbine 17, with which electric power is generated. ~he steam leaving this steam turbine is conden~ed in the condenser 18 and the resultant water is recyoled by means of the water pump 19 through line 20 to the waste heat boiler 6 through the cooler 7.
,. ' ~ .
, .
.
', ... .
- : .:: -: - .
~ ., ~,. .
Z7~
EXAMPLE
. __ An asphalt obtained by treating a mineral oil distillation residue with liquid propane (known as a propane asphalt~ was heated to 350C and partially burnt at a temperature of 1400C and a pressure of 14 bar by means of air heated to 410C. ~he ~able shows the composition of the propane asphalt and the gas obtained therefrom (not taking water into account). ~he resultant gas was cooled to 40C, and treated with an aqueous solution of methyl diethano:L amine containin~ 24 g of methyl diethanol amine per litre. ~he solution loaded with acid gases was stripped with steam at atmospheric pressure; the resultant gas mixture contained ~2S and C2 in a weight ratio of 1.46 and was supplied to a Claus plant in which the H2S wa~ converted to elemental sulphur.
~he combustion gas freed of ~2S had the oomposition, not taking water into account, stated a~ "sulphur-free MDEA gas" in the Table. A calculation was made of the total output of the plant assuming that this gas wa burnt with air at a pres~ure of 10 atm., a power-generating turbine was driven with the oombustion gases (inlet temperature of the gases 950C), and with the -l~ gases leaving the turbine steam was prepared and used to drive a steam turbine. ~his total output was 37.1%.
For purposes of comparison, the same experiment was carried out but instead of an aqueous ~olution of methyl diethanol amine, a solution of 27 g of di-isopropanol amine per litre of water was used. ~he composition of the . ~ ~
resultant gas is shown in the ~able as "sulphur-free ADIP
gas". A calculation was made of the total output if this ; gas had been further burnt in the manner a~ described above, and used for the generatlon of power. The total - output of the installation in this ca~e was 36~.
,, , ~ . .
'~ ~ : ` : , . -.
:, .~ . . ' ' 1: . : : : ~
l.C~69Z74 .`~ g ~ A~LE
iPropane a8phalt Combustion~gas rulphur-free Sulphur-free ¦ I ~ M~ gaB ~ ADIP ~a~
composition i Composition l,¢omposition oomposition ~ . l . __ . _................. __ compo- j %w compo- ~w compo-I ~w compo- yOw nents nent~ nents nent~
~, . . . . . . , __ __ _ ' ' .
C 83.6 C022-74 C02 2.24 C021.40 H 9-4 C023.04 C0 23.33 C023.53 S 6.56 H213.33 E2 13-50 X213~61 :- : -N 0.29 H2S0.73 H2S 0.002 ~2S0.002 0 0.05 COS0.03 COS 0.02~ COS0.028 aB 0.10 CH4 '3C~4 -3 C~4 -3 .. .
H20 , _ H20_ E20 _ N259-39 N260.15 N2~ 60~67 0.71 A0.72 A0.73 . . .__ : _ : .. ~ ' ,:
Claims (11)
1. A process for the generation of electric power comprising partially burning a liquid or a solid sulphur-containing fuel, cooling the combustion gases, removing hydrogen sulphide from the combustion gases by absorption in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amine having a con-centration of 1 to 5 mole/1 of the tertiary amine, liberating the absorbed hydrogen sulphide, converting the liberated hydrogen sulphide to elemental sulphur, further burning the gases obtained after said absorption of hydrogen sulphide and employing the resultant energy to drive a power-generating turbine.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulphur-containing fuel is a distillation residue of a mineral oil.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulphur-containing fuel consists of coal.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulphur-containing fuel is a residual fuel oil in which coal is dispersed.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the com-bustion gases are cooled in said cooling, to a temperature of 20 to 70°C.
6. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine contains at least one hydroxy alkyl group.
7. A process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tertiary amine is methyl diethanol amine.
8. A process as claimed in claim 1, 5 or 7, wherein the hydrogen sulphide is removed from the combustion gases, in said removing, by absorption in the aqueous solution without reducing the pressure of the gas mixture.
9. A process as claimed in claim 1, 5 or 7, wherein the gases absorbed in said aqueous solution are liberated and the liberated gases are treated once again at atmospheric pressure with an aqueous solution of the tertiary amine and the absorbed gases are liberated therefrom.
10. A process as claimed in claim 1, 5 or 7, wherein the liberated hydrogen sulphide is converted to elemental sulphur by means of a Claus process.
11. A process as claimed in claim 1, 5 or 7, wherein the gases obtained after said further burning are directly utilized to drive a power-generating turbine.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7501151A NL7501151A (en) | 1975-01-31 | 1975-01-31 | METHOD FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC CURRENT. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1069274A true CA1069274A (en) | 1980-01-08 |
Family
ID=19823086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA239,613A Expired CA1069274A (en) | 1975-01-31 | 1975-11-12 | Process for the generation of electric power |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5189933A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE836710A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1069274A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2556454A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2299756A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1525490A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1050779B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7501151A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE408723B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3009237A1 (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1981-09-24 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | METHOD FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY AND HEAT FROM COAL |
| GB0025552D0 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2000-11-29 | Air Prod & Chem | Process and apparatus for the generation of power |
| DE102011002320B3 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-06-21 | Knauf Gips Kg | Method and device for generating electricity from hydrogen sulfide-containing exhaust gases |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2304273C3 (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1980-12-04 | Texaco Development Corp., White Plains, N.Y. (V.St.A.) | Process for the production of synthesis gas by processing sulphide-containing wastewater |
-
1975
- 1975-01-31 NL NL7501151A patent/NL7501151A/en active Search and Examination
- 1975-11-12 CA CA239,613A patent/CA1069274A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-15 JP JP50148555A patent/JPS5189933A/ja active Pending
- 1975-12-15 FR FR7538324A patent/FR2299756A1/en active Granted
- 1975-12-15 GB GB5124975A patent/GB1525490A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-15 IT IT3029875A patent/IT1050779B/en active
- 1975-12-15 SE SE7514157A patent/SE408723B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-15 DE DE19752556454 patent/DE2556454A1/en active Granted
- 1975-12-17 BE BE1007086A patent/BE836710A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7501151A (en) | 1976-08-03 |
| GB1525490A (en) | 1978-09-20 |
| FR2299756A1 (en) | 1976-08-27 |
| SE7514157L (en) | 1976-08-02 |
| IT1050779B (en) | 1981-03-20 |
| DE2556454C2 (en) | 1989-07-13 |
| JPS5189933A (en) | 1976-08-06 |
| DE2556454A1 (en) | 1976-08-05 |
| SE408723B (en) | 1979-07-02 |
| BE836710A (en) | 1976-06-17 |
| FR2299756B1 (en) | 1981-05-29 |
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