CA1064898A - Drawworks for portable drilling rig - Google Patents
Drawworks for portable drilling rigInfo
- Publication number
- CA1064898A CA1064898A CA289,567A CA289567A CA1064898A CA 1064898 A CA1064898 A CA 1064898A CA 289567 A CA289567 A CA 289567A CA 1064898 A CA1064898 A CA 1064898A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- drum
- drawworks
- main
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A portable drilling rig which may be disassembled into subcomponent packages small enough to be transported to the site by helicopter and quickly reassembled utilizes unique chain drive units, compound arrangement and drawworks assembly.
Included in the assembly is a brake assembly having a hub attach-ed to the drawworks, a brake drum releasably connected to the hub for rotation therewith, and a brake means engagable with the drum, the drum and brake means being removable as a single package.
A portable drilling rig which may be disassembled into subcomponent packages small enough to be transported to the site by helicopter and quickly reassembled utilizes unique chain drive units, compound arrangement and drawworks assembly.
Included in the assembly is a brake assembly having a hub attach-ed to the drawworks, a brake drum releasably connected to the hub for rotation therewith, and a brake means engagable with the drum, the drum and brake means being removable as a single package.
Description
64~39X3 This is a division of copendlng Canadian application Serial No. 232,705 filed Allgust 1, 1975.
~ of the Inventlon ?In the production of hydrocarbons from underground formations located in Alaska, Canada9 Peru, Indonesia? and any region where ground transportation is restricted or non-existent ~ during all or part of the year, and in drilling for oil from off-; shore locations, and in remote jungle locations, it often becomes necessary to transport by air the materials and equipment needed to drill and explore for the oil.
Due to the cumbersome size and weight of the equipment comprising the average drilling rig, much of the rig must be ~; tediously disassembled piece-by-piece and flown in by large air transport. This normally requires disassembly of the heavy chain drive units, the final drive unit, and the drawworks for movement to the drilling site. This requires a timely and expensive reassembly at the site with a complicated realignment of the reassembled machinery. It often necessitates disassembly of each of the chain case assemblies which means draining of the oil and -~-extensive protection to prevent contamination of the chains and sprockets with dirt, water, and other debris. Then the chain cases must be reassembled on site, often a task near impossible in subzero bliz~ard conditions or during heavy storms at sea.
~ Even though the art has progressed enough to place many -~
f individual components each on their own portable skid, these must be moved by ship to offshore locations or by large air transpor~
I - to northern regions because of their extreme weight.
When weather conditions or lack of roads and airfields prevent the use of ships or airplanes, the driller must resort to dap/~
~ .::: ~: ... . . .. .. . .
~489~
helicopter transportation of thc rigs whicll requires that each of the usual skid packages must be broken down even further due to the relatively light carrying capacity of the helicopters available.
This cancels the portability advantage of the normal skid units since reassembly of their components requires almost as much time as that of the older rigs did.
i~r P ~rr S
, ~",1 9~
The present invention overco~es the liMltatlona of the prior devlces by providlng a drilling rlg compound comprlssd entirely of subcomponents each ~f whlch ls an lntegral package transportable by hellcopter and caslly asslmllated together to form a drllling rlg of any desirable size or capaclty. Each subcomponent is fully portable and is below the maxlmum welght transportable by hellcopter, and each subcomponent ls easily ~ ~oined wlth the others wlthout lengthy adjustment or re- ;
- alignment needed. In the present inventlon, the chain drive assemblies, often termed chain cases, are integral, sealed units each hellcopter transportable without re~uiring any disassembly of the chains or sprockets from the cases. Also the final drive assembly utilizes a split transmission drive, wlth each transmlssion being an lntegral unit whlch is helicopter ~rans~
- portable. The drawworks also utilizes a drum drive and brake assemblles which can be broken up lnto separate transportable units capable of qulck reconnection on site wlthout need for ;~ alignment or adjustment.
,.: The invention according to the parent application ~;:
may be deflned as providing a main drawworks and drawworks drive ~ -assembly comprised of integral, self-contained, fully portable subcomponents adapted to receive power from an adjacent power `~
system; said drawworks and drawworks drive assembly comprising , :
power lnput means connected to the power system by easily disconnectable coupllng means; transmission means connected to .
~; the power input means and comprising a fully portable, self-contained high speed transmlsslon assembly and a fully portable, : self-con~ained low speed transmission assembly; a drum drive assembly ~rranged to receive power from both the transmission .~ 30 assemblies and being a fully portable self-contained unit having:. :
a power output station; clutch means releasably connecting the two transmlssion assemblies to the drum drive a~sembly; and, a main drawworks drum assembly attached to the power output ~ 2 -'., :`~ d ap /, : :.
~`i .
,,.. : - : ~ : . :. .... .. . . :. . .~.
. - : : . . - , ,. : . . , :.. .. .
:, . . . . , . . . , , .. , . , - .
station by easily dlscollnectable co-lpli~gs, and comprising a main drawworks drum alld a ma:in dru~ brake assembly; each bein~ an inte~ral, self-contalned, portabl~ subcomponent of the drum assembly.
The present appl:ication, on the other hand, broadly provides a brake assembly for applying retarding forces to a rotating element of a drawworks mechanism, the assembly comprising rotatable hub means attached to a shaEt extending from one end o~
the rotating element and arranged to rotate therewith; brake drum means releasably attached to the hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to the drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery .
of the drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage the brake drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; the brake means and drum : .
means arranged to be temporarily removed from the hub means and the drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from the hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with the hub means and drawworks mechanism for use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
~igure 1 is a plan view of the drilling rig layout;
Figure 2 is-a side view of the main drum assembly; ~
Figure 3 is an end view of the main drum assembly and :
a portion of the power drive assembly;
Figure ~ is an axial end view of the main brake assembly;
Figure 5 is a front view of the main brake equalizing linkage;
Figure 6, appearing on the same sheet as Figure 2, is -2a -dap/ . ~.
..... ... .
... .. :.:;; . .. ~
10~i~8~
a cross-sect::Lonal v:iew of the main drum brake assembly;
Fig~lre 7, appearing on the same sheet as Figure 2 ls a partially cut-away view of the a:Lignmerlt mech.~ ism on the chain case assemblies.
DESCNTPTION_F TIIE PREFE RED EMBODIMENrrS
The present invention comprises a drilling rig comprised :~
of component packages each of whic}l is an integral unit trans-portable by helicopter to the dap/` ;.
~ ' .
: ~ ~ . . -:
, . -~
': '- ' ~ ' ' :. ~ . .
. . ::
489~
drilling site and ~aslly reassimilated into a drllling rig of almost any capacity desirable. The number of prime movers may be increased or decreased without diEf:iculty and without changing the portability of the unit.
Figure 1 illustates the unique structure and layout of the cGmpound 10 and the drawworks and the components making up these assemblies. In the figure, a compound is shown utilizing six internal combustion engines for power, arranged in a unique compact arrangement particularly suited for offshore rigs and ~ountainous areas or any place where space is at a premium.
In the compound 10, half of the engines ~11, 12, and 13) are aligned adjacent to each other and the other half of the engines (14, 15, and 16) lie adjacent to each other opposite ~ `
engines 11, 12, and 13. As pictured, the engines will provide rotary power through transmissions attached thereto, with the transmissions lla, 12a, and 13a engaged in forward speeds while the transmissions 14a, l5a and 16a are engaged in reverse. Since all the engines rotate in the same direction initially, by having half of them opposed to the other half, three of the transmissions must run in reverse to obtain all final rotation in the same direction.
Engines 11 and 12, working through their transmissions, drive propeller shafts llb and 12b which, acting through disconnect-able couplings llc and 12c, turn sprocket shafts lld and 12d. The sprocket shafts are permanently mounted in bearings 17 which in turn are secured in the side of the chain case 18. The sprocket shafts lld and 12d extend laterally through the chain case 18 through bearings 19 securedly attached in the opposite wall of the chain case. Each of the shafts lld and 12d carry chain drive dap/,if~
.,. , .:
~6~
In op~ration, the prime-mover motlve power accun~ulateS
in chain case 41 and is routed either through the high speed trans-mission 47 and clutch 49 or the low speed transmission 48 and clutcll S0 to the drum drive case 45. There the power is transferred to main shaft 52 which in turn is connected to auxiliary brake assembly 55 and to the drum drlve shaft 57 which turns the main drawworks drum 62. Rotation of the drum can be controlled by the various clutches in the above described system as well as by the main drum brake 64 and auxiliary brakes 55 and 65.
I0 The catworks is driven through the high speed transmission input shaft 47a in case 47. Figures 2 and 3 illustrate grollnd level views of the main drum assembly and the catworks drive assembly, respectively.
Figure 4 illustrates an axial end view of the main brake assembly 64 inside the drum housing 63 and operating on the main drum shaft 57.
The ~ain brake assembly comprises a central hub 66 on shaft 57 securedly attached thereto, a radial web 67 integrally formed-on the outer perimeter of hub 66, and the brake drum 69 attached peripherally to web 67 by means of a radially inward projecting flange 68 connected to web 67 by means of fasteners 70 or by other means such as welding. The brake shoe comprises a plurality of arcuate brake pads 71 of suitable material such as asbestos aligned in a double row peripherally around the drum 69 and contactable therewith. Arcuate brake bands 72 and 73 pass around each row of the brake pads 71 in order to clamp the pads against the drum when braking is desirable. The pads preferably ~A' are bonded or riveted to the inside surface o~ the brake bands.
A suitable linkage 74 is attached to bands 72 and 73 to allow , ~,.~ dap/ ~l ~ "~
... . . .. . .... .. . .. . .
tightening of the bands at the op~rator's command.
Adjustable turnbolts 75, 76, and 77 and l~nk~ 78 and 79 serve to equali~ the amount o~ braking attained from the two brake pad assemblies. Also, the brake assembly is designed so that with the normal counterclockwise rotatlon of the drùm the brakes are self-energizing, meaning that the brakes utillze the rotation of the drum to add increasing pressure to the brake pads against the drum. This cuts down greatly the amount of force required from the operator working the brake controls.
RollerY 80 and threaded rods 81 attached to the drum housing supply support and alignmen~ to the brake pad assemblies particularly while the brakes are not in use.
~ ,.
When the drilling rig is to be moved to the drilling site by helicopter, the entire rig is quickly broken down into integral components each below the ma~imum weight transportable by helicopter. Reinstalling the rig on site requires no complicated reassembly or adjustment. The rig of this invention is designed so that all the components are placed easily and quickly back into alignment and in operable condition almost instantaneously with ~
setting them down on the rig floor. - r Referring to figure 7~ a detailed close-up of apparatus for alignment of the chain cases is disclosed. As previously described, each chain case is a separable, integral unit in itself and can be moved by helicopter f~om one site to another without disturbing the alignment of the chains or chain sprockets, without having to drain the lubricant therefro~, and without exposing the workings therein to contaminants or the environment.
Each chain case preferably has a plurality of "ears" 82 dap/
~0641~9~3 e:ctending outw~rd from several locations on the lowermost edges of the case, consisting of flat plates or angle iron.
Likewise, the skid or platform receiving or supporting each chain case has a corresponding "fence" 83 or rail attached thereto sized and located to receive the "ears" of the chain cases.
~ach fence may comprise a rectangular or other shaped receptacle having vertically extending sides and enclosing all of the exposed sides of the "ears" on the chain casès. The fences are preferably of the same general shape and slightly larger than the ears of the chain cases. Different chain cases could have different sized or shaped ears with matchlng fences to differentiate from the other units and insure the same location for each unit respective to the others when moving from one site to the next.
Each chain case generally has two sprocket shafts passing transversely therethrough, generally in parallel alignment, each being journaled in sidewall bearings in each side of the case and each carrying chain sprocketsc ~plurality of chains transfer power between the two sprockets carried by the shafts in each case.
The cases themselves are self-contained and fluid tight and the sidewall bearings and sprocket shafts passing therethrough are fluid tight in the case walls.
When the rig is being transported, the lift cable from - the helicopter is usually hooked or tied in an eyebolt or similar attachment secured to the top of each case after the couplings or clutches at each end of the sprocket shafts have been disconnected.
Then the case can be lifted straight up and transported to the new site in~act, whereupon it is set down in its proper place with -the case ears sliding into the guide fences and the unit is ready to go upon reconnection of the various propeller shafts to the ~i dap/ ~,~
lQ6~
; sprocket sllafts. The above operation applies generally to all of the chain cases 18, 28, 33, 41, ~nd 45 as we]l as to the transmissions 47 and 48.
The individual engines 11-16 are provided with eyebolts or other hook receptacle means and are helicopter transportable independently of their transmissions; radiators, and skids. Each engine is unbolted from the skid and transmission and disconnected from fuel lines and roolant lines and picked up by the helicopter.
The skid, transmission, and fuel and coolant systems for each engine then travel as a single unit by helicopter.
Th~ particular arrangement of engines is unique in that it allows the maximum number of engines with the minimum amount of space and the minimum number of power transferrance units such as chain drives and pulley drives. This compact layout allows for greater use of the limited amount of room on offshore rigs and the-shortest exposure time to operating and maintenance personnel in northern regions.
In addition to the compact design of the compound further novelty resides in the layout and design of drawworks drive system and of the main drum assembly.
In the drawworks drive system a unique split-transmission arrangement to receive the accumulated prime mover force and trans-mit it to the drawworks utili2es two compact transportable trans-~issions as opposed to the old single unit two-speed transmission system. The single unit, two-speed transmission is entirely too heavy,and cumbersome to be transported by helicopter, whereas each -~
of the transmissions of this system are compact and light enough to be moved by any means. including helicopter. The split trans-mission includes a high speed unit and a low speed unit, each _ ~ _ dap/ ~
. .
6~i59~il with its own clutcll control into the drum drive case.
~ power take-of~ Erom the high speed transmission also powers the catworks via a propeller shaft and right angle gear box.
Since the high speed transmission has a clutch between lt and the drum drive, the catworks may be driven whether or not the drum drive i6 being driven by the high speed or the low speed trans-mission.
The main drum assembly is also novel in that it allows quick, clean dissembly of the brake system from the main drum without disturbing the adjustment or assembly of the individual brake parts. The entire braking system is removed from the main drum assembly intact and as a system rather than in pieces.
- This is possible because of the design of the main drum wh-ich places both brake assemblies at one end of the drum rather `
than having one brake at each end of the drum as the prior devices have.
Also, the design of the brake system with the brake bands, pads, linkage and brake drum all remaining in one package, -~
completely assembled but separable from the main drawworks drum, means that the brake assembly can be moved by helicopter separate from the main drum and later quickly reunited therewith. This also lightens the main drum to the point that it can be similarly transported.
The auxiliary brakes preferably are both hydraulic retarding mechanisms used to partially brake the drum drive. Each is separately helicopter transportable.
- Although a specific preferred embodiment o~ the present invention has been described in the detailed description above, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the .
-- 10 _ l J'"L"V
., . : - . :
, ~)6~391~3 particular for~ns of embodiments disclosed therein since they are to be recognized a9 illustrative rather than restrictive and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not so limited. For instance, the prime movers may be of internal combustion type as shown or some other type such as electric powered or turbines. Also the number of such engines could be more or less than that shown. Furthermore, in some instances belt drives could be used in place of the chain drives, and vice versa. Also ~he catworks could be driven by be~t drive or chain drive or could be electrically operated, rather than gear and propeller shaft driven. Thus, the invention is declared to cover all changes and modifications of the specific example of the ~ .
invention herein disclosed for purposes of illustration which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the inven-tion.
,~, .
d ap / l, ~? ' o '1'~1~ E~IBODI~ N'I'S OEi TIIE INVENTION IN WtllCII AN I~XCLUSIVE
PROPERTY O~ PRIVILE(,b~' IS CLAIMED ARE DEF:[NED ~S ~0LLOWS:
1. ~ brake assembly for applying retard:Lng forces to a rotating elen~ent of a draw~orks ~lechanism, salcl assembly co~nprislng:
rotatable hub mealls attached to ~ sh~ft extendi~g from one end of the rotating element and arranged to rot~te therewith;
brake drum means releasably attached to said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to said drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery of said drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage said bralce drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; said brake means and drum means arranged to be temporarily removed from said hub means and said drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with said hub means and drawworks mechanism for use. ~ ~`
~ of the Inventlon ?In the production of hydrocarbons from underground formations located in Alaska, Canada9 Peru, Indonesia? and any region where ground transportation is restricted or non-existent ~ during all or part of the year, and in drilling for oil from off-; shore locations, and in remote jungle locations, it often becomes necessary to transport by air the materials and equipment needed to drill and explore for the oil.
Due to the cumbersome size and weight of the equipment comprising the average drilling rig, much of the rig must be ~; tediously disassembled piece-by-piece and flown in by large air transport. This normally requires disassembly of the heavy chain drive units, the final drive unit, and the drawworks for movement to the drilling site. This requires a timely and expensive reassembly at the site with a complicated realignment of the reassembled machinery. It often necessitates disassembly of each of the chain case assemblies which means draining of the oil and -~-extensive protection to prevent contamination of the chains and sprockets with dirt, water, and other debris. Then the chain cases must be reassembled on site, often a task near impossible in subzero bliz~ard conditions or during heavy storms at sea.
~ Even though the art has progressed enough to place many -~
f individual components each on their own portable skid, these must be moved by ship to offshore locations or by large air transpor~
I - to northern regions because of their extreme weight.
When weather conditions or lack of roads and airfields prevent the use of ships or airplanes, the driller must resort to dap/~
~ .::: ~: ... . . .. .. . .
~489~
helicopter transportation of thc rigs whicll requires that each of the usual skid packages must be broken down even further due to the relatively light carrying capacity of the helicopters available.
This cancels the portability advantage of the normal skid units since reassembly of their components requires almost as much time as that of the older rigs did.
i~r P ~rr S
, ~",1 9~
The present invention overco~es the liMltatlona of the prior devlces by providlng a drilling rlg compound comprlssd entirely of subcomponents each ~f whlch ls an lntegral package transportable by hellcopter and caslly asslmllated together to form a drllling rlg of any desirable size or capaclty. Each subcomponent is fully portable and is below the maxlmum welght transportable by hellcopter, and each subcomponent ls easily ~ ~oined wlth the others wlthout lengthy adjustment or re- ;
- alignment needed. In the present inventlon, the chain drive assemblies, often termed chain cases, are integral, sealed units each hellcopter transportable without re~uiring any disassembly of the chains or sprockets from the cases. Also the final drive assembly utilizes a split transmission drive, wlth each transmlssion being an lntegral unit whlch is helicopter ~rans~
- portable. The drawworks also utilizes a drum drive and brake assemblles which can be broken up lnto separate transportable units capable of qulck reconnection on site wlthout need for ;~ alignment or adjustment.
,.: The invention according to the parent application ~;:
may be deflned as providing a main drawworks and drawworks drive ~ -assembly comprised of integral, self-contained, fully portable subcomponents adapted to receive power from an adjacent power `~
system; said drawworks and drawworks drive assembly comprising , :
power lnput means connected to the power system by easily disconnectable coupllng means; transmission means connected to .
~; the power input means and comprising a fully portable, self-contained high speed transmlsslon assembly and a fully portable, : self-con~ained low speed transmission assembly; a drum drive assembly ~rranged to receive power from both the transmission .~ 30 assemblies and being a fully portable self-contained unit having:. :
a power output station; clutch means releasably connecting the two transmlssion assemblies to the drum drive a~sembly; and, a main drawworks drum assembly attached to the power output ~ 2 -'., :`~ d ap /, : :.
~`i .
,,.. : - : ~ : . :. .... .. . . :. . .~.
. - : : . . - , ,. : . . , :.. .. .
:, . . . . , . . . , , .. , . , - .
station by easily dlscollnectable co-lpli~gs, and comprising a main drawworks drum alld a ma:in dru~ brake assembly; each bein~ an inte~ral, self-contalned, portabl~ subcomponent of the drum assembly.
The present appl:ication, on the other hand, broadly provides a brake assembly for applying retarding forces to a rotating element of a drawworks mechanism, the assembly comprising rotatable hub means attached to a shaEt extending from one end o~
the rotating element and arranged to rotate therewith; brake drum means releasably attached to the hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to the drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery .
of the drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage the brake drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; the brake means and drum : .
means arranged to be temporarily removed from the hub means and the drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from the hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with the hub means and drawworks mechanism for use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
~igure 1 is a plan view of the drilling rig layout;
Figure 2 is-a side view of the main drum assembly; ~
Figure 3 is an end view of the main drum assembly and :
a portion of the power drive assembly;
Figure ~ is an axial end view of the main brake assembly;
Figure 5 is a front view of the main brake equalizing linkage;
Figure 6, appearing on the same sheet as Figure 2, is -2a -dap/ . ~.
..... ... .
... .. :.:;; . .. ~
10~i~8~
a cross-sect::Lonal v:iew of the main drum brake assembly;
Fig~lre 7, appearing on the same sheet as Figure 2 ls a partially cut-away view of the a:Lignmerlt mech.~ ism on the chain case assemblies.
DESCNTPTION_F TIIE PREFE RED EMBODIMENrrS
The present invention comprises a drilling rig comprised :~
of component packages each of whic}l is an integral unit trans-portable by helicopter to the dap/` ;.
~ ' .
: ~ ~ . . -:
, . -~
': '- ' ~ ' ' :. ~ . .
. . ::
489~
drilling site and ~aslly reassimilated into a drllling rig of almost any capacity desirable. The number of prime movers may be increased or decreased without diEf:iculty and without changing the portability of the unit.
Figure 1 illustates the unique structure and layout of the cGmpound 10 and the drawworks and the components making up these assemblies. In the figure, a compound is shown utilizing six internal combustion engines for power, arranged in a unique compact arrangement particularly suited for offshore rigs and ~ountainous areas or any place where space is at a premium.
In the compound 10, half of the engines ~11, 12, and 13) are aligned adjacent to each other and the other half of the engines (14, 15, and 16) lie adjacent to each other opposite ~ `
engines 11, 12, and 13. As pictured, the engines will provide rotary power through transmissions attached thereto, with the transmissions lla, 12a, and 13a engaged in forward speeds while the transmissions 14a, l5a and 16a are engaged in reverse. Since all the engines rotate in the same direction initially, by having half of them opposed to the other half, three of the transmissions must run in reverse to obtain all final rotation in the same direction.
Engines 11 and 12, working through their transmissions, drive propeller shafts llb and 12b which, acting through disconnect-able couplings llc and 12c, turn sprocket shafts lld and 12d. The sprocket shafts are permanently mounted in bearings 17 which in turn are secured in the side of the chain case 18. The sprocket shafts lld and 12d extend laterally through the chain case 18 through bearings 19 securedly attached in the opposite wall of the chain case. Each of the shafts lld and 12d carry chain drive dap/,if~
.,. , .:
~6~
In op~ration, the prime-mover motlve power accun~ulateS
in chain case 41 and is routed either through the high speed trans-mission 47 and clutch 49 or the low speed transmission 48 and clutcll S0 to the drum drive case 45. There the power is transferred to main shaft 52 which in turn is connected to auxiliary brake assembly 55 and to the drum drlve shaft 57 which turns the main drawworks drum 62. Rotation of the drum can be controlled by the various clutches in the above described system as well as by the main drum brake 64 and auxiliary brakes 55 and 65.
I0 The catworks is driven through the high speed transmission input shaft 47a in case 47. Figures 2 and 3 illustrate grollnd level views of the main drum assembly and the catworks drive assembly, respectively.
Figure 4 illustrates an axial end view of the main brake assembly 64 inside the drum housing 63 and operating on the main drum shaft 57.
The ~ain brake assembly comprises a central hub 66 on shaft 57 securedly attached thereto, a radial web 67 integrally formed-on the outer perimeter of hub 66, and the brake drum 69 attached peripherally to web 67 by means of a radially inward projecting flange 68 connected to web 67 by means of fasteners 70 or by other means such as welding. The brake shoe comprises a plurality of arcuate brake pads 71 of suitable material such as asbestos aligned in a double row peripherally around the drum 69 and contactable therewith. Arcuate brake bands 72 and 73 pass around each row of the brake pads 71 in order to clamp the pads against the drum when braking is desirable. The pads preferably ~A' are bonded or riveted to the inside surface o~ the brake bands.
A suitable linkage 74 is attached to bands 72 and 73 to allow , ~,.~ dap/ ~l ~ "~
... . . .. . .... .. . .. . .
tightening of the bands at the op~rator's command.
Adjustable turnbolts 75, 76, and 77 and l~nk~ 78 and 79 serve to equali~ the amount o~ braking attained from the two brake pad assemblies. Also, the brake assembly is designed so that with the normal counterclockwise rotatlon of the drùm the brakes are self-energizing, meaning that the brakes utillze the rotation of the drum to add increasing pressure to the brake pads against the drum. This cuts down greatly the amount of force required from the operator working the brake controls.
RollerY 80 and threaded rods 81 attached to the drum housing supply support and alignmen~ to the brake pad assemblies particularly while the brakes are not in use.
~ ,.
When the drilling rig is to be moved to the drilling site by helicopter, the entire rig is quickly broken down into integral components each below the ma~imum weight transportable by helicopter. Reinstalling the rig on site requires no complicated reassembly or adjustment. The rig of this invention is designed so that all the components are placed easily and quickly back into alignment and in operable condition almost instantaneously with ~
setting them down on the rig floor. - r Referring to figure 7~ a detailed close-up of apparatus for alignment of the chain cases is disclosed. As previously described, each chain case is a separable, integral unit in itself and can be moved by helicopter f~om one site to another without disturbing the alignment of the chains or chain sprockets, without having to drain the lubricant therefro~, and without exposing the workings therein to contaminants or the environment.
Each chain case preferably has a plurality of "ears" 82 dap/
~0641~9~3 e:ctending outw~rd from several locations on the lowermost edges of the case, consisting of flat plates or angle iron.
Likewise, the skid or platform receiving or supporting each chain case has a corresponding "fence" 83 or rail attached thereto sized and located to receive the "ears" of the chain cases.
~ach fence may comprise a rectangular or other shaped receptacle having vertically extending sides and enclosing all of the exposed sides of the "ears" on the chain casès. The fences are preferably of the same general shape and slightly larger than the ears of the chain cases. Different chain cases could have different sized or shaped ears with matchlng fences to differentiate from the other units and insure the same location for each unit respective to the others when moving from one site to the next.
Each chain case generally has two sprocket shafts passing transversely therethrough, generally in parallel alignment, each being journaled in sidewall bearings in each side of the case and each carrying chain sprocketsc ~plurality of chains transfer power between the two sprockets carried by the shafts in each case.
The cases themselves are self-contained and fluid tight and the sidewall bearings and sprocket shafts passing therethrough are fluid tight in the case walls.
When the rig is being transported, the lift cable from - the helicopter is usually hooked or tied in an eyebolt or similar attachment secured to the top of each case after the couplings or clutches at each end of the sprocket shafts have been disconnected.
Then the case can be lifted straight up and transported to the new site in~act, whereupon it is set down in its proper place with -the case ears sliding into the guide fences and the unit is ready to go upon reconnection of the various propeller shafts to the ~i dap/ ~,~
lQ6~
; sprocket sllafts. The above operation applies generally to all of the chain cases 18, 28, 33, 41, ~nd 45 as we]l as to the transmissions 47 and 48.
The individual engines 11-16 are provided with eyebolts or other hook receptacle means and are helicopter transportable independently of their transmissions; radiators, and skids. Each engine is unbolted from the skid and transmission and disconnected from fuel lines and roolant lines and picked up by the helicopter.
The skid, transmission, and fuel and coolant systems for each engine then travel as a single unit by helicopter.
Th~ particular arrangement of engines is unique in that it allows the maximum number of engines with the minimum amount of space and the minimum number of power transferrance units such as chain drives and pulley drives. This compact layout allows for greater use of the limited amount of room on offshore rigs and the-shortest exposure time to operating and maintenance personnel in northern regions.
In addition to the compact design of the compound further novelty resides in the layout and design of drawworks drive system and of the main drum assembly.
In the drawworks drive system a unique split-transmission arrangement to receive the accumulated prime mover force and trans-mit it to the drawworks utili2es two compact transportable trans-~issions as opposed to the old single unit two-speed transmission system. The single unit, two-speed transmission is entirely too heavy,and cumbersome to be transported by helicopter, whereas each -~
of the transmissions of this system are compact and light enough to be moved by any means. including helicopter. The split trans-mission includes a high speed unit and a low speed unit, each _ ~ _ dap/ ~
. .
6~i59~il with its own clutcll control into the drum drive case.
~ power take-of~ Erom the high speed transmission also powers the catworks via a propeller shaft and right angle gear box.
Since the high speed transmission has a clutch between lt and the drum drive, the catworks may be driven whether or not the drum drive i6 being driven by the high speed or the low speed trans-mission.
The main drum assembly is also novel in that it allows quick, clean dissembly of the brake system from the main drum without disturbing the adjustment or assembly of the individual brake parts. The entire braking system is removed from the main drum assembly intact and as a system rather than in pieces.
- This is possible because of the design of the main drum wh-ich places both brake assemblies at one end of the drum rather `
than having one brake at each end of the drum as the prior devices have.
Also, the design of the brake system with the brake bands, pads, linkage and brake drum all remaining in one package, -~
completely assembled but separable from the main drawworks drum, means that the brake assembly can be moved by helicopter separate from the main drum and later quickly reunited therewith. This also lightens the main drum to the point that it can be similarly transported.
The auxiliary brakes preferably are both hydraulic retarding mechanisms used to partially brake the drum drive. Each is separately helicopter transportable.
- Although a specific preferred embodiment o~ the present invention has been described in the detailed description above, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the .
-- 10 _ l J'"L"V
., . : - . :
, ~)6~391~3 particular for~ns of embodiments disclosed therein since they are to be recognized a9 illustrative rather than restrictive and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not so limited. For instance, the prime movers may be of internal combustion type as shown or some other type such as electric powered or turbines. Also the number of such engines could be more or less than that shown. Furthermore, in some instances belt drives could be used in place of the chain drives, and vice versa. Also ~he catworks could be driven by be~t drive or chain drive or could be electrically operated, rather than gear and propeller shaft driven. Thus, the invention is declared to cover all changes and modifications of the specific example of the ~ .
invention herein disclosed for purposes of illustration which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the inven-tion.
,~, .
d ap / l, ~? ' o '1'~1~ E~IBODI~ N'I'S OEi TIIE INVENTION IN WtllCII AN I~XCLUSIVE
PROPERTY O~ PRIVILE(,b~' IS CLAIMED ARE DEF:[NED ~S ~0LLOWS:
1. ~ brake assembly for applying retard:Lng forces to a rotating elen~ent of a draw~orks ~lechanism, salcl assembly co~nprislng:
rotatable hub mealls attached to ~ sh~ft extendi~g from one end of the rotating element and arranged to rot~te therewith;
brake drum means releasably attached to said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to said drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery of said drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage said bralce drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; said brake means and drum means arranged to be temporarily removed from said hub means and said drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with said hub means and drawworks mechanism for use. ~ ~`
2. The brake assembly of claim 1 wherein: said hub means comprises a central hub and an outer plate attached peripherally thereto; said drum means comprises a cylindrical -drum having an ~nner flange alignable with said outer plate and connectable therewith; and said brake means comprises a plurality of arcuate pads attached to curved brake band means; said brake band means arranged to urge said pads in said radially contracting direction against said drum.
3. A drawworks main drum assembly arranged for easy and quick disassembly into integral, self-contained~ subcomponents, each transportable by helicopter, said drawworks main drum assembly '~
dap/
, ~ -: - : -, : . . : . . : : -10 E;4898 compris:Lng:
a main rotatab:le drawworks drum;
a brake drllm sha~t means attaclled to said drum and extend-ing past one end of s~id clrum;
a brake hub attached ~o said brake drum shaEt means spaced from said main drawworks drum and rotatable therewith;
a rotatable, generally cylindrlcal brake drum coaxially aligned with said Inain drum, spaced ].ongitudinally from sai.d main drawworks drum along said brake drum shaft means, and attached to said hub by releasable connection means;
a generally stationary brake means having a pair of brake bands encircling said brake drum and arranged to be engaged there-with temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to retard rotation thereof;
said brake means adapted for removal from said drawworks ;
main drum assembly as a single unit by disconnecting said brake hub from said brake drum such that said brake means with said brake :
drum can be separated as a self-contained subcomponent and removed from said drawworks main drum assembly in order to temporarily reduce the overall weight of said drawworks main drum assembly for helicopter transportation and to temporarily separate said brake means and said brake drum for helicopter transportation.
dap/
, ~ -: - : -, : . . : . . : : -10 E;4898 compris:Lng:
a main rotatab:le drawworks drum;
a brake drllm sha~t means attaclled to said drum and extend-ing past one end of s~id clrum;
a brake hub attached ~o said brake drum shaEt means spaced from said main drawworks drum and rotatable therewith;
a rotatable, generally cylindrlcal brake drum coaxially aligned with said Inain drum, spaced ].ongitudinally from sai.d main drawworks drum along said brake drum shaft means, and attached to said hub by releasable connection means;
a generally stationary brake means having a pair of brake bands encircling said brake drum and arranged to be engaged there-with temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to retard rotation thereof;
said brake means adapted for removal from said drawworks ;
main drum assembly as a single unit by disconnecting said brake hub from said brake drum such that said brake means with said brake :
drum can be separated as a self-contained subcomponent and removed from said drawworks main drum assembly in order to temporarily reduce the overall weight of said drawworks main drum assembly for helicopter transportation and to temporarily separate said brake means and said brake drum for helicopter transportation.
4. The main drum assembly of claim 3 wherein said stationary brake means comprises:
a plurality of arcuate brake pads made of a friction enhancing, heat resistant material and arranged on said pair of brake bands to make surface contact with said brake drum;
brake band means carrying said pair of bra~e bands and said brake pads, and arranged in close proximity to said brake ~i~' dap/ ,-.
a plurality of arcuate brake pads made of a friction enhancing, heat resistant material and arranged on said pair of brake bands to make surface contact with said brake drum;
brake band means carrying said pair of bra~e bands and said brake pads, and arranged in close proximity to said brake ~i~' dap/ ,-.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A brake assembly for applying retarding forces to a rotating element of a drawworks mechanism, said assembly comprising:
rotatable hub means attached to a shaft extending from one end of the rotating element and arranged to rotate therewith;
brake drum means releasably attached to said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to said drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery of said drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage said brake drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; said brake means and drum means arranged to be temporarily removed from said hub means and said drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with said hub means and drawworks mechanism for use.
rotatable hub means attached to a shaft extending from one end of the rotating element and arranged to rotate therewith;
brake drum means releasably attached to said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith; and brake means releasably mounted to said drawworks mechanism and arranged to partially encircle the exterior periphery of said drum means and operable to temporarily and intermittently engage said brake drum means in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto; said brake means and drum means arranged to be temporarily removed from said hub means and said drawworks mechanism as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said hub means and drawworks mechanism and later remounted with said hub means and drawworks mechanism for use.
2. The brake assembly of claim 1 wherein: said hub means comprises a central hub and an outer plate attached peripherally thereto; said drum means comprises a cylindrical drum having an inner flange alignable with said outer plate and connectable therewith; and said brake means comprises a plurality of arcuate pads attached to curved brake band means; said brake band means arranged to urge said pads in said radially contracting direction against said drum.
3. A drawworks main drum assembly arranged for easy and quick disassembly into integral, self-contained, subcomponents, each,transportable by helicopter, said drawworks main drum assembly comprising:
a main rotatable drawworks drum;
a brake drum shaft means attached to said drum and extend-ing past one end of said drum;
a brake hub attached to said brake drum shaft means spaced from said main drawworks drum and rotatable therewith;
a rotatable, generally cylindrical brake drum coaxially aligned with said main drum, spaced longitudinally from said main drawworks drum along said brake drum shaft means, and attached to said hub by releasable connection means;
a generally stationary brake means having a pair of brake bands encircling said brake drum and arranged to be engaged there-with temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to retard rotation thereof;
said brake means adapted for removal from said drawworks main drum assembly as a single unit by disconnecting said brake hub from said brake drum such that said brake means with said brake drum can be separated as a self-contained subcomponent and removed from said drawworks main drum assembly in order to temporarily reduce the overall weight of said drawworks main drum assembly for helicopter transportation and to temporarily separate said brake means and said brake drum for helicopter transportation.
a main rotatable drawworks drum;
a brake drum shaft means attached to said drum and extend-ing past one end of said drum;
a brake hub attached to said brake drum shaft means spaced from said main drawworks drum and rotatable therewith;
a rotatable, generally cylindrical brake drum coaxially aligned with said main drum, spaced longitudinally from said main drawworks drum along said brake drum shaft means, and attached to said hub by releasable connection means;
a generally stationary brake means having a pair of brake bands encircling said brake drum and arranged to be engaged there-with temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to retard rotation thereof;
said brake means adapted for removal from said drawworks main drum assembly as a single unit by disconnecting said brake hub from said brake drum such that said brake means with said brake drum can be separated as a self-contained subcomponent and removed from said drawworks main drum assembly in order to temporarily reduce the overall weight of said drawworks main drum assembly for helicopter transportation and to temporarily separate said brake means and said brake drum for helicopter transportation.
4. The main drum assembly of claim 3 wherein said stationary brake means comprises:
a plurality of arcuate brake pads made of a friction enhancing, heat resistant material and arranged on said pair of brake bands to make surface contact with said brake drum;
brake band means carrying said.pair of brake bands and said brake pads, and arranged in close proximity to said brake drum; and linkage means on said brake band means operable to move said brake pads into engagement with said brake drum.
a plurality of arcuate brake pads made of a friction enhancing, heat resistant material and arranged on said pair of brake bands to make surface contact with said brake drum;
brake band means carrying said.pair of brake bands and said brake pads, and arranged in close proximity to said brake drum; and linkage means on said brake band means operable to move said brake pads into engagement with said brake drum.
5. The main drum assembly of claim 4 wherein said re-leasable connection means comprises a peripheral, radially out-wardly directed web plate attached to said hub; a radially inwardly directed flat flange plate attached to the inner circumference of said brake drum; and a plurality of fasteners passing through said flange plate and said web plate, attaching said plates securely together.
6. A drawworks brake assembly for applying retarding, forces to a main drawworks drum assembly, said brake assembly comprising:
a rotatable hub means attached to a shaft extending from one end of said drawworks drum assembly, said hub means being secured to said shaft spaced from said drawworks drum assembly and arranged to rotate therewith;
a main brake drum means releasably mounted on said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith;
a main brake means partially encircling said main drum means and engageable with said main drum means temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto;
an auxiliary brake means releasably mounted with said shaft, rotatable therewith and positioned at the same end. of said main drawworks drum assembly as said main brake means, said main brake means, said main drum means, and said auxiliary brake means arranged to be temporarily removed from said main drawworks drum assembly as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said main drawworks assembly and later remounted with said main drawworks drum assembly for use.
a rotatable hub means attached to a shaft extending from one end of said drawworks drum assembly, said hub means being secured to said shaft spaced from said drawworks drum assembly and arranged to rotate therewith;
a main brake drum means releasably mounted on said hub means and coactively rotatable therewith;
a main brake means partially encircling said main drum means and engageable with said main drum means temporarily and intermittently in a radially contracting direction to apply retardation forces thereto;
an auxiliary brake means releasably mounted with said shaft, rotatable therewith and positioned at the same end. of said main drawworks drum assembly as said main brake means, said main brake means, said main drum means, and said auxiliary brake means arranged to be temporarily removed from said main drawworks drum assembly as a self-contained subcomponent for helicopter transport separate from said main drawworks assembly and later remounted with said main drawworks drum assembly for use.
7. The brake assembly of claim 6 wherein said hub means comprises a central hub and an outer plate attached peripherally thereto; said main drum means comprises a cylindrical drum having an inner flange alignable with said outer plate and connectable therewith; and said main brake means comprises a plurality of arcuate pads attached to curved brake band means; said brake band means arranged to urge said pads against said drum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA289,567A CA1064898A (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1977-10-26 | Drawworks for portable drilling rig |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51140674A | 1974-10-02 | 1974-10-02 | |
| CA232,705A CA1036150A (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1975-08-01 | Drawworks for portable drilling rig |
| CA289,567A CA1064898A (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1977-10-26 | Drawworks for portable drilling rig |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1064898A true CA1064898A (en) | 1979-10-23 |
Family
ID=27164060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA289,567A Expired CA1064898A (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1977-10-26 | Drawworks for portable drilling rig |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1064898A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7862009B2 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2011-01-04 | Victory Rig Equipment Corporation | Electric winch motor |
| CN113060664A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 福建龙岩飞腾科技有限公司 | Detachable winch and production process thereof |
-
1977
- 1977-10-26 CA CA289,567A patent/CA1064898A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7862009B2 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2011-01-04 | Victory Rig Equipment Corporation | Electric winch motor |
| CN113060664A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 福建龙岩飞腾科技有限公司 | Detachable winch and production process thereof |
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