CA1063096A - Hole reamer - Google Patents

Abstract

HOLE REAMER
ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE
A hole reamer according to the invention comprising:
a main body with roller cutters rigidly connected to the drill stem. An additional support with roller cutters arrang-ed co-axially with the main body. The additional support de-vice can move along the axis of the main body and is provided with a means to effect this longitudinal movement. The main body and additional support device are adapted to drill holes of one diameter with consequent reaming thereof.

Description

1063~96 The present invention relates to mechanical drilling oi vertical and directioDal underground mine wor~ings wit~-out blasting and more particularly to reaming of such work-ings.
~ he drilling mac~ines for drilling ~ert~cal and direc-tional holes with the said hole reamer can-bo also used for constructing ore-c~utes, tracks, wells ~or compressed ~
and water supply, holes for electric power suppl~ m~n~ alr and drain trunks, as well as uorkings to remove barren rock.
1~ ~o develop drilling machines ~or sinking vertical and directional workings t~e proble~s of improvement of pe~etra-tion rate and e~ficiency should be ~olved along ~lth the pro-blem oi drilling co~t reduction-~.. ..
Power requirements upon such a m~c~ine with roller or other type cutters depend on t~e sguare o~ the size of tho hole roamed- ~he more i8 the size o~ t~o hole reamod, th6 more po~erful sbould be the drilling mscbine drivo, ublch~
in its turn, leads to an i~crease of it ~ erall dimen~ions.
e conditions of underground min~n~ and geology roguiro t~at t~e drilling machine o~erall dimonsions e~cludo its disas~ombling uhen the machine is transported in the ~1ne or~ings.
T~e drilling mac~e~ designed to roam ~ortlcal and direcbional mine uor~ings to a d ze of 1.5 m comply uibh theso regulrements.

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But vertical and directional mine workings which do not exceed 1.5 m in diameter are not popular in tb~ mining indu-stry, and the use of the drilling machines for reami~g verti-cal and directional mining~ to th~ ~ize not in exce~s of 1.5 m is limitcd.
~ he drilling machines of this type c~n ~ind more oxton-sive use, if mining is reamed i~ two runs~ in the first run the working i~ reamed to a diamoter of 1.5 m and then, a~tor c~anging the reamer for a tool of biggor size, th~ ne~t ream-ing i8 per~ormed. In both t~e oase~ t_e drilling mach~ne ope-rate~ at ~ull power.
~ e overall dimensions of the drilling machines designed~
to ream workings to a diameter in excess of 1.5 m ~coed the ~ize of mining ~or~ings and the~ should be disassem~led ~hil-boine tran~ported and asRembled u~der re~tricted conditioDs of t~o drilling c~amber. Besides~ too large a drill~ng c~a~-ber i8 needod to accomodate such a mac~ine, ~bich 18 oxtremo-ly unde~irablo a¢cordin~ to the mining rogulatioDs. Iargo drilling c~ambers in so~t unstablo rock~ sbould bavo ~upports.
T~e cbamber~ of sub~tantial dimensioDs adversely a~e¢t tho ~1 intogrity o~ a rock mass~ and raiso substantial difficultie8 in maintaining acti~e ~orkings whon m~ning usc~ul mineral~.
T~i~ t~pe of drilling EaG~ines has a ~arrow ra~ge o~ applica-tion.

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10~;3096 A well known drilling hole reamer ha_ a body with rock cutters mnunted in it which i_ adjointed to the drill rod Qtri~g with a fl~nged or threaded connection. ~he m~in body is a metal structure the rock cutters boing mounted on its top plate. In the main bod~ bottom plato t~ors aro two or more piLs used to connect an additional reamer body, the latter being a rigid _tructure with rock cutters mounted on it. ~he pins serve to transmit ~orgue irom the main body to the additional one. ~he additional bodg is bolted to the main 1~ one, the bolt_ also ~erving to transmit thrust iorces.
~ ePm~ng a hole with reamer o~ this t~pe iQ periormed in the iollowing seguence.
. Drilling a pilot hole with a sm~ll Rise rock cutting tool. ~t this stage drill rod~ are added to the ~tem.

2. Rcaming of the pilot holo with ~he reamor main body roc~ cutter_- T~e process oi roamlng the pilot holo is accom~
panied by disasQembling the drill rod stem.
~ . ~ddition of drill rods to connect the additional bod~-to the main one.
~o 4. Reami~ oi t~e ~ole wit~ t~ additional body rock outters- ~he proces~ oi the ~econd-~ reaming i8 a¢coD5paniod by dlsa~embling the drill rod stem.
~, 5. ~ ~embling oi the drill rod stem to disconnect the ! roam~r.
6. Di~a~ bliDg oi tho drlll rod ~tem.

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The process o~ reaming the hole is effective for drill-ing the pilot hole ~rom an upper mine wor~ing to a lower one and reaming-up the pilot hole.
The second-run reamiDg is accompanied by a number oi additional operatio~s, to assemble and disassemble the drill rod stem and mount the reamer additioDal body ~hich involves substantial time losse~, the latter re~ulting in a sharp pe-netration rate decrease and drilliD4 cost increase.
~ ot~er known type of a ~ole reamer elimi~ates additio-nal a~sombling and disa~sembli~g of the drill rod ~te~ ~ile reaming t~e min~ working to a bigger size-;Tho design of ~uc~ ~ole reamers features expanding as-aomble~ wi~ roc~ cutting elements, for instance roller cut-tors, mounted in them~
, ~not~er known type o~ a drill-roamer~ connected to the drill ~tem ieatures drill ~ead body roducing ~nto an ~xton~
,'~ion oi t~e drill stem.
~ One or oeYeral pneu~atic cylindor~ are atta¢hed to the ,1 outer side o~ t~e drill head body to actuate expanding arm~
wit~ rock cu~ters. ~he expanding arm~ are ~inged to the drill head bod~.
,~he drill ~ead may ~a~e a pneu,matic cylinder connectod ~; only to one expanding arm, or one or sovoral cylinders co~-~ octed,to a ring busbing which embracos the dr~ll head body, I ~ two or~more espa~di~g arm~ with rock cutterg being coDnected ~ ~ to t~e bus~in4 by meana of a guide rocker. ~he pneumatic :
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cylinders are double-acting, the upper and lower cbambers being coDnected to the air supply main~. ~xpandi~g or folding of t~e expianding arm~ with the rock cutters in the proces~ of drilling is effected by supplying air to one oi the chambers.
~he se~ence of operations in rePmin~ a hole with such a ; reamer is as follo~s : first, a pilot hole is drilled; then compressed air is ied lnto the lower chamber of the pneu~tic cylinder or cylinder~ under the action of the force dovelop-ed in t~e p~eumatic cylinder or cylinders the e~pandlng arms o with the rock cutters are moved out~ards which results in reP~nE t~e hole under the action of the thru~t transmitted by t~e drill stem.
~e main disadvantage of the drill-re~mer is complicated-~ and unreliable desi~n of the expa~di~g arm uni~orsal ~oint.
f The ~xpa~ding arms and universal joints ~ould bo vor~ massi-ve to co~form t~e requlrements of strength. Besides, tho more t~e diameter of t~e reamed hole~ the more ~hould be th number oi arm~, whi¢~ makes it pract~cally impossible to ~ind:
place ~or the rolded arm~ on t~e m~n body, as the overall dimen~ioD~ o~ t~e.latter ar~ lim~ted b~ much 1088 size oi the pilot ~olo.
" ~hen ~hore are many expanding arms in the reamer their . co~trol bocome~ a problem and it i~ impossiblo to ~ix th~ in an xpa4d~d po~ition ~o tbat the rock cu$ting eleme~t~ con-tact t~o ~ole ~u~ace~ to be cut and bo able to brea~ th~.
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While using such reamers the rock cuttings fill all the slots and universal joints of the expanding arm~ and impede returning the latter into the folded position, making further drilling impos~ible.
Another knowu type of a hole reamer consists of a main body with rock cutters a~d expanding arm~ with rock cutters w~ich are hinged to ~aid body on it~ peripher~.
A mandrel i8 rigidly co~nocted to the drill stem, one end of t~is mandrel being a plston of a h~draulic cylindor ~D and the ot~er ~aving lug8 of special pro~ile which are in-t~ndod for expanding the arms with rock cutter~.
~ he mandrel is ~lidodly connected to the main body ~na transmit,s torque from the drill stem to the said bod~- ~ho c~lindrical part o~ the said main body dispo~ed above the ' espanding elements serves as a housing for the h~draulic s, c~linder ~hell.
~ he piston~ e part of the mandrel divid~s t~e cyl;n-` der 8holl into an upper and lower pressure chambers.
~; Whe~ a hydraulic fluid i8 supplied into the upper pres-`, ~ suro chamber the main body ,with the e~pand ~ arms is mDved up~aras relative to the ~andrel, tho oxpanding arms being mo~ed outward the main body due to the action of t~e mandrol lu4s of a spe¢ial profile. ~e expanding arms are turned arou~d t~e asis of the l~n~vers~l joint~. ~ ''"' When tho 4~drauli¢ ~luld i8 supplied into tho louor pressuro c~amber th main body with the exæanding arm3 is ~ ' .. . .. . . - . . . .-. , :

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moved downwards relative to t_e mandrel, t_e expanding arms being folded.
T_e eequence of operations in reRmin~ a ~ole with 8UC_ a rea~er i8 aB follows: first, a pilot hole is drilled wit_ t_e main body rock cutters; t~en the _ydraulic ~luid i8 8Up-plied into t_e upper pressure c_amber of the bydraullc cylin-der, and the main body ~ith the ex~n~n~ arms is mo~ed up-wards relative the mandrel~ the ~xpanding arms being expan-ded outward tbe main body by the mandrel lug~ of a special pro~ile and moving along the radius relative tbe l~n~versal joint axis. RePm~ng of the hole i~ efiected due to t_e action o~ the t_rust transmitted from t_e drill stem tbrough t_e mandrel and main bod~ to t_e expanding arms.
~ be main disadvantage oi the reamer described abovo i8 complicated and unreliable design of t_e expanding arm uni-versal joints, with tbe rock cutters mounted in the said ~x-panding arms. ~he eYpandicg arm~ and univer~al joint~ should be very massive to co~¢orm to the requireme~ts of stre~4th.
; ~he more i8 the diamete~ o~ t~e reamed hole, t~e more sb~uld be the number oi~bhe arms, which m~kes it practically impos-sible to ~ind place ior the iolded arm~ on t~e main body, as ~t~ the overall dimension~ o~ the latter ~re limited by much le~s Qize oi tho pilot hole.
Whe~ there aro man~ expanding ar~s in the rsamer their control be¢omoc a problem and it i~ impossible to fix t~m .1, .. . .
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in an expanded position 80 that the rock cutting elements contact the hole aurfaces to be cut a~d be able to break them.
W~ile using such reamer~ the rock cuttings fill all the ~lot~ and universal joints of the expanding arms and impede returnin~ the latter into the folded position making further drilling impossib~le.
- ~n object of the invention i8 to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known hole reamer~.
D ~ furt~er obaect of the invention is to improve drilling mac~ine e~iciency while they are used for re~min~ vertical ~ mine workings.
-~ ~till further object o~ tbis invention is to en~ure ', large diameter ~ole reaming using low-~orsepower drilling .~ machines.
:~ ~et anot~er object of the present inventio~ i~ to reduco - --t~e number of auxiliary operatione o~ as~embling and diss~-~embling .~'drill ste~a in the proces~ of large diameter holo` ~-reAming.
~not~er object of tbe invention is to impro~e hole rea-mex reliabilit~.
Still anot~er object oi the present invention ie to improve eervice lifo Or t~e drill rods.
~ A further:object of t~e pre~ent inv~ntion i~ to arrango - - an additlonal roc~ cutter ~upport de~ice in t~e reame ~ o-;~: lativ~ to t~e main body o~ t~o eaid reamer ~o t~at t~e ': '" ' .. , . " , . . . ~. ............................. .
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additional rock cutter qupport device or the main body ensure consequent reaming of the hole drilled by one of them using full horsepower of the drilling machine both in main body and addi-tional support device operation.
To attain these objects a hole reamer has a main body with roller cutters, the said main body being rigidly connected to the drill stem, and a movable relative to the said main body additional support device with roller cutters, both the main body and the support device being capable to drill a hole of one dia-meter with consequent reaming thereof to another one and in accordance with the invention the said additional device being arranged coaxially with the main body and provided with a means to move the said support device longitudinally relative to the said main body.
According to a further broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hole reamer adapted to cooperate ' with a drill stem. The reamer comprises a main body or supportdevice with roller cutters adapted to be rigidly coupled to the drill stem. An additional body or support device with roller cutters i9 arranged co-axially with the main body and mounted on it for rotary movement with the main body or support device and for relative axial movement with respect thereto along the axis of the main body. Means is provided for locking the addi-tional body against axial movement relative to the main body at a predetermined axial distance therebetween. The main body and Ç additional support device are arranged to successively operate on and destroy substantially distinct and separate portions of the face of the hole to be drilled.
In the embodiment described above where the additional Ç 30 support device is arranged co-axially with the main body and ~ ~ _ 9 _ .
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provided with a means to move the support device longitudinally relative to the main body makes it possible to use low horsepower drilling machines for reaming vertical and directional holes to a diameter 1.7 - 2 times more than that of the hole for which the drilling machine drive is rated.
It is preferable to make the hole reamer means for longitudinal movement of the additional device as telescoping sleeves with springs arranged in them so that the roller cut-ters of the additional support device be arranged before the ~-: ' ' -` ' ~-''-~ .

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10~;3096 main body roller cutters when viewed irom the bottom of t~e hole drilled to form a hole of s~aller diameter.
It iB also preierable to make the ~ole reamer means for longitudinal movement of the additional support device as a hydraulic cylinder æo that the roller cutter~ o~ the additio-nal 3upport device be arranged behind the main body roller cutter~ when viewed irom the bottom of the hole drilled and i~ ream t~e hole drilled b~ the main body roller cutters-~ he means for lo~gitudinal movement of t~e additional support device made as a b~draulic cylinder eliminates time losses during additional manipulations in b~ndling drill rod~, incroases penetration rate, productivity oi labou~ and service life oi the drill stem tool joints and decreases dril~
ling co~t.
Other objects and advantages of the in~ention will bo-come evldent ~rom the followlng description in which the pro-; ferrod embodiments are ~et iorco in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherei~.
Figure 1 ~hows general view oi the ~ole rea~er.
~D Figuro 2 ~ho~8 the additional support devico.
Figure 3 shows a partial cutaway oi the Figuro 1.
Figurei 4 8~0w8 t~e po~ition oi the first holo roamerombodiment in t~e proce~ of drillin~ a small diameter hole~
wit~ t~e additional support dev~ce.
Figuro 5 8~01r8 tb~ po~ition oI t~e iirst ~ole roamer `~ embodiment at t~ moment when tho main bad~r roller cuttor~
como ilsto contact with the bottom of t~e hole.

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' ' ' ',' . . ' '. " ' ~ ' ' ~ ' ''' ' ' . , ~igure 6 8~0W8 the position of the iirst hole reamer embodiment when it i8 prepared to ream the ~ole drilled wit~
the additional support device U8ing t~e main body roller cut-ters.
~igure 7 8how8 t~e position of-the first ~ole reamer embodiment in t~e proce3s of ~eaming the hole drilled wit~
t_e additional support device usin~ the main body rollor cut-ter~.
~i~ure 8 shows the plan view oi tho hole reamer.
D Figure 9 shows the general view of the second ~ole rea-mer embodiment.
- Fi~ure 10 s~ows the position of t~e second ~ole reamer embodiment in the process o~ drilling a small diameter holo wibh the m~n bod~ roller cutters-Figure 11 8~0WB t~e position of t~e ~econd ~ole reamer embodiment at t~e mom~nt when t~e additional support devico roller cutters come into conta¢t wit~ the bottom of t~e bnle.
Figure ~2 sbows t~e position o~ the second ~ole reamer ~ ombodi~ent when it is prepared to ream the hole drilled. ~ -,~3 ~ ~a Figure 13 s~ows the position oi the second ~ole reamer embodiment in t~e pro¢e~s of re~min~ t~e ~ole drilled ~ith b~e main body roller cutters using t~e additional support de~ice.
T~o prosent ~ole reamer i8 doaigned ~or drilling a ~ole o~ one diamoter and cose~uent reamin~ the said ~ole i~ the up~ard or down~ard direction.

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~ irst, a pilot ~ole may be drilled with a small size rock cutting tool with simultaneous addition of the drill rods into the drill ~tem, as the hole i8 deepened.
Aiter the hole i6 drilled to a desired depth the small 6ize rock cutti~g tool i~ substituted ~or the ~ole reamer contri~ed w~ich is rigidly connected to t~e drill stem end.
It is possible to drill and then ream a hole without boring a pilot hole with small size rock c~tting mean~ in advance. In ~is case the hole reamer contrived i8 rigidly connected to the ~ir~t rod o~ the drill stem.
the hole is deepe~ad the rod~ are added into the drill stem.
In accordance with the present invention two embodiments o~ the ~ole reamer ¢an be mado, the de~criptio~ o~ the said embodim~nt~ and their prin¢iple of action being given below.
~ ho two embo ~ments dif~er from each other in meaD~ oi mo~ing t~e additional ~upport device and the main body rela-ti~e to each othor.
Ono embodiment oi the hole reamer ~eatures a meaDs ~or moVing t~3 additional device longitudinally made as telesco-ping sleeves wit~ springs arranged in them. ~i8 ombodimont o~ t~e ~ole reamor coDsists of a welded steel mai~ body 1 ure 1) w~ich comprises a plate 2 and a pipe 3. Support~
4 ~ith the roller cutter~ 5 mounted in them are fixed on the plate 2. Tho m~in body 1 i8 ri~idl~ connected to a drill rod ..
iii 6 o~ a drill ~tem (not s~own) with t~e holp of t~o pipe 3.
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~e main body 1 carries a co-axially mounted additional sup-port device 7 (Fig. 2) which is a metal structure with sup-ports 8 arran~ed in ît and provided with roller cutters 9.
~he additional support device 7 is slidedly fitted on t_e main bod;s~ 1, for insta~ce, with the help of spli~es 10.
In the slots of the additional support device 7 there are mounted locking devicei3 which are provided with stop~ 11 connected with universal joints 12 to the rods 13 oi actuat-- ing cylinders 14. Spri~gs 15 whic_ serve to unlock the addi-~tional support device 7 are mounted on the rod~ 13 in t~e actuatiIlg cylinders 14.
The stops 11 are provided wit~ hooks 16 (Fig. 3) w_ic~ -enter t~e slot~ 17 in the mai~ body 1.
~ e actuating c;ylinders 14 together with stops 11 are enclosed with covers 18 to protect t~em irom r~ck cuttings.
Between t~e additio~al support devico 7 and t_e main body 1 t~ere are mounted springs 19 w_ic_ are protected agai~st con- -tAmin~tio~ wit_ rock cuttings by means of a sleeve 20 moullted in the additioIlal support device 7 a~d a sleeve 21 mounted on ,~ t_e plate 2 o~ t_e ~in bod~ e sleeves 20 and 2'1 are able to telescope~ i.e. ve into and out oi eac~ ot_er, w~e~
the hole reamer operate~. ~
e ~pri~s aro moullted on the rod~ 22. On- end oi t~e rod 22 i8 co~ected to t~ additional ~upport device 7~ t~
other e~d oi the rod pa~ 43 t~rough t~e ope~i~gs oi the ,,~
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plate 2 i~ pro~ided with nuts 23 whic~ limit the movement of t~e additional support device 7.
In the process of reaming a cooling medium is supplied to the roller cutters tbrough the ports 24 and 25 in tbe main body 1 and t~rough tbe ports 26 in tbe additional sup-port device 7. ~he agent, ~or instance, compressed air i8 supplied into tbe c~linders 14 tbrough t~e ports 27.
~ o prevent compressed air leakage ~ben it i8 supplied into the actuatins cglind~r~ 14 ~eal rin4s 28 are installod on the pipe 3 of the main body 1.
~ xial t~rust i8 transmitted from t~e main body 1 throug~
a surface 29 supporting the stops 11 when the hole is roamed by the additio~al support de~ice 7.
~ o protect friction surfacos from rock cuttings an en-closure 30 is insballed between t~e main body 1 and t~e ad-ditional support device 7. ~e rock cutti~g~ accumulated o~
-~ the main body 1 of t~e hole reamer are removed through the .openi~gs 31.
~ e above-described reamer operates as follows-~0 W~e~ a smaller diameter hole is drilled (Fig. 4) and i .
the roller cutter~ 9 of tbe additionsl support device 7 are ! acting on the bottom surface 32, the ~tops 11 are po~itioned ~80 t~at the ~ook~ 16 aro engaged wi~ t~e ~lot 17 (Fig- 1, . ..
'' 3~ 4).
I ~e axial t~ru~t of t~e drill stem 6 ia transmitted t~roug~ t~e ~ur~ace 29 o~ the main bod~ 1 of the hole rea~er ~ .
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0 63C~36 by means of the stops 11 positioned in the ~lot~ of the ad-ditional ~upport device 7 to t~e said additional device 7 and roller cutters 9.
~ t the same time the torque is tr~n~itted ~rom the drill stem 6 t~rough the mQin body 1 of the hole reamer and ~plines 10 to the additional ~upport deYice 7. Cuttin~ oi t~o bottom sur~ace 32 proceeds u~til the roller cutters 5 of t~o main body 1 come into contact with the bottom suriaco 33 (Fi~. 5).
8 soon as all the roller cutters o~ the ~ole reamer ~ -come i~to contact with the bottom the loading oi t~e drilling n mac~ine driving motor, as well as the i~put curre~t doubles indicating the necossity of switching t~e reamer to re ming the ~ole with the roller cutters 5 o~ the mai~ body 1- -~
~ or thi~ purpose t~e dril stem 6 with t~e reamer i~
withdrawn from the bottom, as shown in ~i4. 6.
In this case the main body 1 ~ith the rock cutter~ 5 is taken off the bottom surface ~3 and t~e addibion~1 ~upport .i ; .
.' de~ice 7 i8 forced by t~e springs 19 to move along the 8pli-~e8 10 relative to the main body 1 and diseDgage~ the stops clearance is ~ormed between the surface 29 (Fig. 2) of the mai~ body 1 a~d the ~top~ and t~e stop hooks 16 loa~o the ~lot 17.
~-: Whon t~e pressure oi the agent in the actuating cy1~nders ; ~
`~ 14 i8 relieved by the operator or drilling machl~ automatic ~ I
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. . ' control ~ystem the springs 15 force tZhe pistons with rods 13 away from the Zhole reamer PY;S (Fig. 6).
~ he hole reamer i8 again forced to the bottom with the help of the drill stem until the roller cutters 5 of the main body 1 come into corltact with the bottom surface 33, a~d the process OI reaming the hole with the roller cutters 5 of the Zmain body 1 of the hole reamer i'3 hegu~ (Fig. 6).
As the bottom ~urface 33 is cut by the cutter~ oi the main body 1, the latter comes closer to the additio~al i9Up-1 port device 7, which i~ consitZsntly pus~ed away from the mainbod~r 1 by tZhe action of the sp~ings 19, and pressed aga~n~t the bottom surface 32. ~he roller cutters 9 of the additional support dovice 7 are pressod agai~Zt theZl bottom surface 32 only by t~e Zs.¢tion of the springs 19 and do IlOt cut the ro¢k-The roller cutters 5 of the ma~ body 1 cut tho b~l.omsurface 33 thero~ reamir~ the~~ole until tZhe sleevos 21 como ~, into contact with the additional support device 7 as sho~
~h ~ Fig- 7-,~ Since this momeZnt the ~ole i'3 reamed not o~r by the roller cutters of t~e main bod~r but also by the roller cut-ters OI the additional isupport device w~ich results in a s~arp increse of the electric motor current a~d it becomes ~i; neceissary to withdraw the roller cutters 5 of t~e maiIl bod~
from the bottom sur~ace 33.
!he drill 8tem 6 toget~er ~th tZhe main bod~ ~d a~
~:~ tional Z3u~ZZport device 7 i8 lowored Ior the length OI the hole ~: :

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"': ` ' ': : ~ : , , ': : , reamer tr~vel, the roller cutters 5 of the main body 1 being taken o~f the bottom surface 33 and the additional ~upport device 7 sliding alo~g the ~plines 10 upwards relative to the main body 1 under the action of springs 19.
When the mein body 1 and the additional support device 7 come into extreme extended position nuts 23 of the rod~ 22 bear up against the main body 1 thus limiting relative trvel of the main body 1 and the additional support device 7.
Under the action of the agent ~hich is being supplied into the actuating cylinders 14 the pistons copres~ the springs 15 and push the stops 11 to the ~ole reamer P~
When the drill stem 6 is bei~g pulled upwards, the rol- ;
ler cutters 9 of the additional support device 7 bears up .
agPinAt the bottom surface 32, the maln body 1 and the addi-.;tional support device 7 move relative to each other and the ~ooks 16 o~ t~e ~tops 11 enter the slots 17.
~ e ~ole reamer returns into its original positio~ and the bottom sur~ace 32 is cut (Fig. 4).
Following thi~ all the above-do~cribed operations are .1 ~ ropeated until A11 the ~ole is reamed.
Fig. 8 shows the arrangement o~ t~e roller cutters 5 on b~e main body and that o~ the roller cutters 9 on the additlo-nal support de~ice 7 Or the hele reamer.
It ~ to bo understood t~at the form o~ the inve~tion , hero~it~ 8~0~ and describod i~ to be ta~cen as a pos~iblo . ~

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1063~96 preferred embodiment, and that various ch~ es in the s~ape, size and arrangement of specific elemen,~s (spring~, locking devices) ma~ be resorted to.
~ he abo~e-described and shown parts may be changed ior equivalent ones, the arrangement of specific parts may be changed, speciiic elements of the invention may be is~ued independently of the others i~ enumerated cha~ges are withi~
the scope o~ the appended claima.
~ he second embodiment of the in~ention is a hole reamer with a hydraulic cylinder used to move an additional support device.
~ he illustrated sQco~d embodiment oi the invention (~ig. 9) compri~es a main body 34 rigidly connected t~rough a spindle 35 to a drill stem 36. '~uido pipes 37 embraced by a frame 38 in their lower parts are rigidly iixed in the lo-~or part o~ the main body 34.
The additional support device 39 i9 mou~ted on t~e guide plpes 37~ the iormer being able to slide along t~e ~ele reamer axis on sleeves 40 under t~e force transmitted by a rod 41. T~e rod 41 is con~ected to the additional support de~ice 39 a~d inserted into a aylinder 42 rigidly connected to a ~rame ~8.
¢arr~er 44 i8 fitted on the shell of hydraulic c~lin-dor 42 using bearings 43 and mounts radial ~upports 45 wit~
rollers 46. T~o radiPl supports 45 are loaded wit~ spring~
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47. A tooth rim 48 is mounted in the carrier, the ~ormer being e~gaged with a pinion-shait 49 o~ an intensifier 50.
An oil pump 51 is installed at the output o~ the inten-sifier 50.
The intensifier is fastened to the frame 38.
~ he ~rame 38 also mounts a slide valve 52 wit~ a limi~
~witch 534In its extreme positions the limit switch 53 con-tacts a stop 54 which is mounted on the additional support devi~e 39. The oil pump 5~ i8 connected to an oil tank 56 through a supply line 55. The ~ydrauli¢ cy~inder 42 is con-mected to a di~c~arge line 59 through a pressure m~ntaining valve 58, t~e di~chargo line 59 being branched i~to t~o li-nes. One line goes to t~e pump 51, the ot~er goes to the slide valve 52. ~ drain line 6 goes from the slide.valve 52 to the oil tank 56. n On the additional ~upport device 39 there is mouted a s~eat~ 61 ~hich o~erlaps a liner 62 mounted on the carrier 44.
Protecting rings 63 are mou~ted betweon t~e pldto oi t~e main bod~ 34 and t~e additional ~upport device 39.
~ he abo~e-de~cribod hole reamor operatos a~ follo~s.
~ fter a pilot hole is drilled the hole reamer iB co~nec-ted tbrough its spindle 35 to t~e drill stem 36~ and the hole i~ reamod with the roller cu.tters oi the main body 34 .. . .
;~ (Fi~. 10)~. t~e carrier 44 ~hould be locked again8t rotatio~
~ beioro reming the workin~. ~he carrier 44 must rom~i~ loc~od ~ "
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. - - ' ' ,: ~' ,. -until the rollers 46 of the radial ~upports 45 enter the hol~
the carrier being locked against rotation by means oi t~e springs 47~
the ~orce necessary to prevent t~e carrier 44 from rotation i8 small (in the order oi 150 kæ) it may be tempo-rarily locked, for ~nRtace by a chain (not show~).
The main body 34, being rotated by a drilling mac~ine t~roug~ the drill stem 36, imparts rotation to t~e additional support device 39 through the guide pipes 37. Only the car-~C rier 44 remains ~tationary as it is locked and mounted ont~e rotating s~ell o~ t~e 4ydraulic cylinder 42 by means of bearing~ 43.
T~e toot~ rim 48 also remains station~ry. ~he intonsi-~ier 50, being co~nected to t~e irame 38 al~o rotates along wit~ t~e main body 34 and the additional support device 39 oi t~e hole reamer.
~ he pinion-shaft 49 muc~ like a satellite gear bein8 -engaged wit~ the rim 48 rolls on t~e rim 48. When the speed of pinion-s~ait rotation reac~e~ a ¢ertain value and i8 EUl-tiplied in the i~ten~ifier to the value required for stable ~1~ operation o~ the oil pump 51~ connected to the output 8haft of the intensifi0r~ the pump 51 takes in oil ~rom the oil tank 56 tbroug~ the su~ply line 55 and produces working pro~-sure delivering oil t~roug~ t~e dischargo ll~e 59 to t~e hydraulic cylinder 42 via t~e pressure m~lntaining valve 5~.

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The oil also supplied to t~e slide valve 52 a~d, as in all hydraulic system~, to a safety valve Ret at the working pre~sure neces~ary.
Ii the ~lide valve 52 is open the oil freel~ flow~ from the disc~arge line 59 into the drain line 60 and the~ is drained to the oil tank 56. Pres~ure is not produced in the ~ystem and the pump 51 operates being unloaded. ~he pressuro maintaining valve 58 is adjusted 80 t~at the pressu~- ~n the hydraulic cylinder maintain at t~e lffvel ~hic~ is sligh-l~ tly above that necessary to support the additional support device 39.
~ he oil cannot flow ireely ~rom the hydraulic cylinder ~- 42, t~is flow being set up only w~en the additional support ;1 device 39 is pressed against the hole bottom surfaco by tho tbru~t o~ the drill ~tom 36.
Ii t~e slide valve 52 is closed all t~e oil ilows under ~-pressure into t~e hydraulic cylinder 42 ~xerting pressuro ,~ under the rod 41 aQd ~orcing it to mo~e 80 that the rollor cutter~ 9 of the additional ~upport device 39 be able to cut tho rock.
Whon reaming t~e hole ~ith tQe roller cutters 5 of the main body 34 t~ slide valve 52 i8 Ope!Q and the oil iB drai- -: : ~ d ~Fig. 9)-amiug t~e hole witb tbe main bod;y 1 i~ performod un~il the roller cuttors 9 oi tho additional ~upprt de~ioe 39 como .~ - - .

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' .' ,' , ' , _ 22 --in full contact with the hole bottom surrace (Fig. 11). As t~is takes place the hydraulic cyli~der 42 egecutes its full relative travel, and the stop 54 presses the limit switch 53 with its upper shoulder, the said l~m;t switch shutting off free draining oi oil with the holp o~ the slide valve. ~e oil flows into h~draulic cylinder 42 lln~er pressure.
At this moment the roller cutt~r~ 5 o~ the main body 34 and the roller cutters 9 of the additional support dovice 39 are ~ully pressed against the hole bottom surface, and the torque at the drill stem and th~ at the drilling mac~ine motor s~a~t markedly increases.
~ he current is also increased which i~ observed by ope-rator o~ the drilling mach~ne or Litored automatically.
On iinding that all the roller cutters of t~e hole rea-mer are in operatio~, the operator stop~ feed,i~ the drill stem 36 again~t t~e hole bottom without stopping its rota-tion. ~e drill stem 36 is being rotated~ but does not mo~e longitud1~clly. T~e ~ydraulio cylinder 42 e~erts a force aDd moves the additional supprt dovice 39 alo~g t~e guide pipês 37~ t~is device 39 cutting t~e rock o~ t~e bottom surfac- on a biggor diameter (Fig. 12). The additional support device 39 ves until it rea¢es its extre~m~position, the stop 54 pre~seQ t~e limit swit¢~ 53 with its lower shoulder arLa the ?
~ ~wito~ ts the 8liaO ~al~e into t~e iree-dra~n~eo po~itio~
(Fig. 13)- ~he ~al t~rust in t~e bydraulic c~linder thereb~

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, .. ' : ' v~n;shes and the torque at the drill stem 36 and drilling machine motor sha~t drops to zero (~riction losses exclude~).
The current in the drilling machine motors thereby de-creases ~hich i~ observed by the operator or ~onitored auto-matically. It means that reaming the hole wit~ the additional support device 39 18 finis~ed. The operator feeds the drill stem 36 again and continue~ reaming the hole wit~ the ro¢k cutters o~ the m~i~ body 34. ~8 the ~ole is deopened the additional support device 39 is moved dow~ward~ till the mo-ment o~ switcb~'ng. ~hen operations ~ollow the above-described order.
~ ho moment when t~e main body i~ brought into action can~
be also observea by the hydraulic c~linder rod tra~el, swit-ch~ng being ei~ected at the extremo extendod and pulled-in po~ltions oi the hydraulic c~linder rod.
As t~e ~ydraulic cylinder 42 i8 able to produce a forco reg~ired to ream the hole it i8 possible to ream ~ertical and directional ~ork~ngs in one run oi the drill stem wi~out ad-ditional operations to handle tb~ dri~l Qtem as in the i~irst eDIbodime~lt. ~hese opera~ions are reduced to the iollo~:-the drill ~tem iR continuousl~r ~ed agai~t the bole botitom be:~ ~topped w~n reamirlg of the ~rell is performed wit~ the ndditional support de~ice- ~I!he proces~ of reami~g t~lus beco-me8 u~i~lterrupted whieh mskes the reamr3 contri~ed much Dlore effeetiv -, .
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Claims (8)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:-

1. A hole reamer adapted to cooperate with a drill stem comprising a main body or support device with roller cutters adapted to be rigidly coupled to the drill stem; an additional body or support device with roller cutters arranged co-axially with said main body and mounted on it for rotary movement with said main body or support device and for relative axial movement with respect thereto along the axis of said main body; means for axially moving said additional support device relative to said main body; means for locking said additional body against axial movement relative to said main body at a predetermined axial distance therebetween, said main body and additional support device being arranged to successively operate on and destroy substantially distinct and separate portions of the face of the hole to be drilled.

2. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for axial movement of said additional support device rela-tive to said main body comprises telescoping sleeves; springs arranged within said sleeves, said sleeves being arranged between said main body and additional support device to transposition the latter relative to said main body, said roller cutters of said additional support device being disposed in front of said roller cutters of said main body, when viewed from the bottom of the hole being formed, so that said roller cutters of said addi-tional support device could drill a respective smaller portion of the hole face.

3. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for axial movement of said additional support device rela-tive to said main body comprises a hydraulic cylinder arranged between said main body and additional support device to trans-position the latter relative to said main body, said roller cutters of said additional support device being disposed behind said roller cutters of said main body, when viewed from the bottom of the hole being formed, so that said roller cutters of said additional support device could drill a respective larger part of the hole face.

4. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said main body has a groove, and wherein said additional support device is provided with means for locking in the nature of stops with hooks being adapted to enter and engage said slots in said main body to lock said additional support device relative to said main body.

5. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 2, wherein said main body has a groove, and wherein said additional support device is provided with means for locking in the nature of stops with hooks coupled with pneumatic cylinders and return springs, said hooks being adapted to enter and engage said groove in said main body to lock said additional support device relative to said main body.

6. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said main body and additional support device are arranged for a non-simultaneous drilling of the equal portions of the face of the hole to be drilled.

7. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said roller cutters on said main body and additional support portions are arranged at different radial distances from said axis of rotation of said main body, whereby said roller cutters are respectively adapted to drill a hole of one diameter with sub-sequent reaming of the resulting hole to another diameter.

8. A hole reamer, as claimed in claim 3, wherein said means for axial movement of said additional support device relative to said main body further comprises guide pipes con-nected rigidly to said main body, said additional support device cooperating with said guide pipes and being guided by the latter during axial movements relative to said main body.