CA1062413A - Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof - Google Patents
Polycarbonate membranes and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1062413A CA1062413A CA222,510A CA222510A CA1062413A CA 1062413 A CA1062413 A CA 1062413A CA 222510 A CA222510 A CA 222510A CA 1062413 A CA1062413 A CA 1062413A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- weight
- water
- copolymer
- range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002954 polymerization reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 111
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 po~yethylene glycol Chemical compound 0.000 description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001202 Inulin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N inulin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)OC[C@]1(OC[C@]2(OC[C@]3(OC[C@]4(OC[C@]5(OC[C@]6(OC[C@]7(OC[C@]8(OC[C@]9(OC[C@]%10(OC[C@]%11(OC[C@]%12(OC[C@]%13(OC[C@]%14(OC[C@]%15(OC[C@]%16(OC[C@]%17(OC[C@]%18(OC[C@]%19(OC[C@]%20(OC[C@]%21(OC[C@]%22(OC[C@]%23(OC[C@]%24(OC[C@]%25(OC[C@]%26(OC[C@]%27(OC[C@]%28(OC[C@]%29(OC[C@]%30(OC[C@]%31(OC[C@]%32(OC[C@]%33(OC[C@]%34(OC[C@]%35(OC[C@]%36(O[C@@H]%37[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%37)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%36)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%35)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%34)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%33)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%32)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%31)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%30)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%29)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%28)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%27)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%26)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%25)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%24)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%23)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%22)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%21)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%20)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%19)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%18)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%17)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%16)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%15)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%14)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%13)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%12)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%11)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%10)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O9)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O7)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940029339 inulin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000614 phase inversion technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006091 1,3-dioxolane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001630921 Chlorida Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003939 Membrane transport proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000301 Membrane transport proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N Raffinose Natural products O(C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@]2(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD196149 Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1(CO)OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(COC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]methanol Chemical compound C1CC2C(CO)C(CO)C1C2 YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012045 crude solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQPMKSGTIOYHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCCO.CC(O)CO HQPMKSGTIOYHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N imes Chemical class CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1N1C=CN(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)[C]1 JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009061 membrane transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001993 poloxamer 188 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/50—Polycarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45493974A | 1974-03-26 | 1974-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1062413A true CA1062413A (en) | 1979-09-18 |
Family
ID=23806700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA222,510A Expired CA1062413A (en) | 1974-03-26 | 1975-03-19 | Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5228826B2 (nl) |
| BE (1) | BE826775A (nl) |
| CA (1) | CA1062413A (nl) |
| CH (1) | CH594434A5 (nl) |
| DK (1) | DK163482C (nl) |
| FR (1) | FR2265807B1 (nl) |
| GB (1) | GB1500937A (nl) |
| IT (1) | IT1030266B (nl) |
| NL (1) | NL172920C (nl) |
| NO (1) | NO135162C (nl) |
| SE (1) | SE407583B (nl) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1107467A (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1981-08-25 | Paul A. Cantor | Polycarbonate membranes for use in hemodialysis |
| US4069151A (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1978-01-17 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Thin polycarbonate membranes for use in hemodialysis |
| DE2932761A1 (de) * | 1979-08-13 | 1981-02-26 | Akzo Gmbh | Polycarbonat-polyaether-copolymermembran |
| SE423106B (sv) * | 1980-07-25 | 1982-04-13 | Gambro Dialysatoren | Plasmaferesmembran samt sett att tillverka detta |
| EP0046816A1 (en) * | 1980-09-01 | 1982-03-10 | Gambro, Inc. | Polycarbonate hemofiltration membrane and method of hemofiltering using such a membrane |
| ATE10437T1 (de) * | 1980-09-01 | 1984-12-15 | Gambro, Inc. | Trockene polycarbonatmembran und verfahren zur herstellung. |
| SE446505B (sv) * | 1982-11-16 | 1986-09-22 | Gambro Dialysatoren | Membran samt sett att framstella detta |
| EP0135760A1 (de) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-04-03 | Bayer Ag | Polyether-Polycarbonate für Dialysemembranen |
| US20080143014A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-19 | Man-Wing Tang | Asymmetric Gas Separation Membranes with Superior Capabilities for Gas Separation |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3945926A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1976-03-23 | Chemical Systems, Inc. | Integral microporous high void volume polycarbonate membranes and a dry process for forming same |
| US3901810A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1975-08-26 | Calgon Corp | Ultrafiltration membranes |
-
1975
- 1975-02-28 GB GB8359/75A patent/GB1500937A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-03-04 IT IT67549/75A patent/IT1030266B/it active
- 1975-03-07 FR FR7507225A patent/FR2265807B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-03-10 DK DK096275A patent/DK163482C/da active
- 1975-03-11 NL NLAANVRAGE7502865,A patent/NL172920C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-17 BE BE154410A patent/BE826775A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-19 CH CH353175A patent/CH594434A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-19 CA CA222,510A patent/CA1062413A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-03-24 NO NO751026A patent/NO135162C/no unknown
- 1975-03-25 SE SE7503430A patent/SE407583B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-26 JP JP50036697A patent/JPS5228826B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL172920C (nl) | 1983-11-16 |
| DK163482C (da) | 1992-07-27 |
| FR2265807A1 (nl) | 1975-10-24 |
| FR2265807B1 (nl) | 1979-02-23 |
| DK163482B (da) | 1992-03-09 |
| CH594434A5 (nl) | 1978-01-13 |
| NL172920B (nl) | 1983-06-16 |
| GB1500937A (en) | 1978-02-15 |
| JPS5179172A (nl) | 1976-07-09 |
| SE407583B (sv) | 1979-04-02 |
| SE7503430L (nl) | 1975-09-27 |
| JPS5228826B2 (nl) | 1977-07-28 |
| BE826775A (fr) | 1975-09-17 |
| NO135162C (nl) | 1977-02-23 |
| IT1030266B (it) | 1979-03-30 |
| NO751026L (nl) | 1975-09-29 |
| NL7502865A (nl) | 1975-09-30 |
| NO135162B (nl) | 1976-11-15 |
| DK96275A (nl) | 1975-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4075108A (en) | Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof | |
| US4720343A (en) | Macroporous asymmetrical hydrophilic membrane made of a synthetic polymer | |
| US4919810A (en) | Porous membrane | |
| US6284137B1 (en) | Polysulfone porous membrane and a method of manufacturing the same | |
| US4160791A (en) | Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof | |
| US4069151A (en) | Thin polycarbonate membranes for use in hemodialysis | |
| US3549016A (en) | Permeable membrane and method of making and using the same | |
| CA1117717A (en) | Permselective membrane and method for making and using same | |
| BR112013025989B1 (pt) | membrana de filtração macroporosa e equipamento de infusão para a administração de soluções de infusão | |
| US6159369A (en) | Process for the partial modification of porous, hydrophilitic filter membranes, of filter membranes treated in such manner and filter modules equipped with such filter membranes, especially filter cartridges | |
| CA1062413A (en) | Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof | |
| CA1107467A (en) | Polycarbonate membranes for use in hemodialysis | |
| US5082565A (en) | Semipermeable membrane made from polyether ketones | |
| IE55038B1 (en) | Filtration membrane and process for producing the membrane | |
| US4308145A (en) | Relatively thick polycarbonate membranes for use in hemodialysis | |
| KR100557264B1 (ko) | 중공사막 및 그의 제조 방법 | |
| EP0012630A1 (en) | Process for producing a cellulose acetate-type permselective membrane, permselective membrane thus produced, and use of such membrane in artificial kidney | |
| US4935140A (en) | Membrane and process for producing the membrane | |
| EP0040670A2 (en) | Porous vinylidene fluoride polymer membrane and process for its preparation | |
| US4898698A (en) | Method of casting a porous membrane of polymeric material | |
| EP0046817B1 (en) | Dry polycarbonate membrane and process of manufacture | |
| USRE30856E (en) | Polycarbonate membranes and production thereof | |
| US3703570A (en) | Process for the preparation of a semipermeable membrane from polymerized beta-lactam unsubstituted at the nitrogen atom | |
| JPS5836602B2 (ja) | エチレン−ビニルアルコ−ル系共重合体膜およびその製法 | |
| EP0046816A1 (en) | Polycarbonate hemofiltration membrane and method of hemofiltering using such a membrane |