CA1061618A - Photochromic gradient lenses - Google Patents
Photochromic gradient lensesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1061618A CA1061618A CA251,044A CA251044A CA1061618A CA 1061618 A CA1061618 A CA 1061618A CA 251044 A CA251044 A CA 251044A CA 1061618 A CA1061618 A CA 1061618A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- glass
- lenses
- photochromic
- phototropic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005816 glass manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100008046 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNRAZZZISDRWMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terbucarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(C)C=C1C(C)(C)C PNRAZZZISDRWMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005391 art glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006066 glass batch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJJSDZSDOYNJSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);borate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] GJJSDZSDOYNJSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005360 phosphosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MCXBMLBTPQEQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;sodium;dinitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MCXBMLBTPQEQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001373 regressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000108 silver(I,III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005315 stained glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/04—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass
- C03C4/06—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass for phototropic or photochromic glass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/102—Photochromic filters
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62468875A | 1975-10-22 | 1975-10-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1061618A true CA1061618A (en) | 1979-09-04 |
Family
ID=24502936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA251,044A Expired CA1061618A (en) | 1975-10-22 | 1976-04-26 | Photochromic gradient lenses |
Country Status (13)
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4160655A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-07-10 | Corning Glass Works | Process for making gradient photochromic glass articles |
| JPH041837U (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1990-04-17 | 1992-01-09 | ||
| JP2003231413A (ja) * | 2002-07-22 | 2003-08-19 | Akiyoshi Sugimoto | 自動車 |
| FR2923917B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-16 | 2010-11-26 | Christian Dalloz Sunoptics | Nouveau substrat optique transparent,son procede d'obtention et son application comme oculaire |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2770922A (en) * | 1952-05-19 | 1956-11-20 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Radiation colorable chromium glass |
| US3419370A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1968-12-31 | Corning Glass Works | Method of producing a photochromic glass and resulting article |
-
1976
- 1976-04-12 ZA ZA762173A patent/ZA762173B/xx unknown
- 1976-04-20 IT IT49092/76A patent/IT1058165B/it active
- 1976-04-20 SE SE7604520A patent/SE425032B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-04-22 DE DE2617665A patent/DE2617665C2/de not_active Expired
- 1976-04-26 CA CA251,044A patent/CA1061618A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-04-27 BE BE166487A patent/BE841167A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-04-28 GB GB17372/76A patent/GB1548744A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-04-28 JP JP51047928A patent/JPS595538B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1976-05-03 MX MX164537A patent/MX143311A/es unknown
- 1976-05-04 FR FR7613214A patent/FR2328668A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-05-20 NL NLAANVRAGE7605399,A patent/NL182395C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-06-22 BR BR7604007A patent/BR7604007A/pt unknown
- 1976-08-10 ES ES450600A patent/ES450600A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE425032B (sv) | 1982-08-23 |
| FR2328668A1 (fr) | 1977-05-20 |
| JPS5251412A (en) | 1977-04-25 |
| DE2617665C2 (de) | 1987-01-22 |
| NL7605399A (nl) | 1977-04-26 |
| BR7604007A (pt) | 1977-06-28 |
| NL182395B (nl) | 1987-10-01 |
| IT1058165B (it) | 1982-04-10 |
| BE841167A (fr) | 1976-08-16 |
| ES450600A1 (es) | 1978-01-16 |
| FR2328668B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) | 1979-04-20 |
| GB1548744A (en) | 1979-07-18 |
| JPS595538B2 (ja) | 1984-02-06 |
| ZA762173B (en) | 1977-04-27 |
| SE7604520L (sv) | 1977-04-23 |
| DE2617665A1 (de) | 1977-04-28 |
| NL182395C (nl) | 1988-03-01 |
| MX143311A (es) | 1981-04-14 |
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