CA1060673A - Liquidtight tank or reservoir made of prestressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants - Google Patents
Liquidtight tank or reservoir made of prestressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plantsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1060673A CA1060673A CA240,866A CA240866A CA1060673A CA 1060673 A CA1060673 A CA 1060673A CA 240866 A CA240866 A CA 240866A CA 1060673 A CA1060673 A CA 1060673A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ribs
- tank
- elements
- liquidtight
- reinforced concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
A liquidtight tank or reservoir, made of generally prestressed reinforced concrete, particular-ly for purification plants, comprising a plurality of plane plates which are connectable to each other and comprise substantially a central portion and a hammer-shaped element disposed at each of the two ends is described. Between two said hammer-shaped elements be-longing to two consecutive plane plates which are ap-proached to each other at the moment of the assembly there is interposed a connection element so that said two consecutive plane plates are connected to each other forming an angle which depends on the dimensions and shape of said connection element.
A liquidtight tank or reservoir, made of generally prestressed reinforced concrete, particular-ly for purification plants, comprising a plurality of plane plates which are connectable to each other and comprise substantially a central portion and a hammer-shaped element disposed at each of the two ends is described. Between two said hammer-shaped elements be-longing to two consecutive plane plates which are ap-proached to each other at the moment of the assembly there is interposed a connection element so that said two consecutive plane plates are connected to each other forming an angle which depends on the dimensions and shape of said connection element.
Description
0~'7;~
The present invention relates to a liquidtight tank or reservoir made of stressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants.
The tank or reservoir according to the invention is particularly convenient also for the storage of incoherent materials, for instance cereals in general.
The known technique of construction of tanks or reservoirs both of normal reinforced concrete and prestressed reinforced concrete is so wide that it is not deemed suitable to discuss it herein; it is sufficient to mention some of the constructional and manufacturing methods which are used presently, pointing out some disadvantages deriving therefrom, the pre-vention of such disadvantages heing, among other things, the object of the present invention.
According to a first techni~ue of construction, the tanks or reservoirs are pre-fabricated as an integral body up to dimensions which are compatible ~ ~ .
~ ~
.
, ~.
.' :
with the transport problem. Over certain dimensions, owing to a practical impossibility of transport, they are constructed directly on the spot according to perfectly known modalities of constr~ction.
A common feature of these techniques of construction is their remarkable character of handicraft, which nowadays constitutes a not negligib~e disadvantage, mainly because of the high costs of labor deriving therefrom.
Moreover, the prestress of the concrete is, from the technical point of view, a complex operation, so that if tanks or reservoirs are to be constructed of normal reinforced concrete, a considerable quantity of material is required which represents a further cost in addition to the cost of the labor which is ~-high in itself.
Other techniques of construction exist which allow the manufacture of the tanks or reservoirs by assembling on the spot elements of normal or prestressed reinforced concrete, having a bending radius equal to the bending radius of the cylindrical tank. It can easily be appreciated that while an element having a determined bending radius generally gives rise to a cylindrical tank having the same bending radius, a plane element can give rise to polygonal tanks having a different number of sides according to its inclination -' ''.
1()~()~'7~
with respect to the adjacent element.
In other words, if tanks of different capacities are to be constructed it is necessary to vary either the height of said elements or, anyway, the bending radius, i.e. each element given rise to a tank of determined capacity, and the provision of a tank having a different capacity requires the use of an element having other characteristics. To understand clearly the limits which practically are set to the use of such techniques it is sufficient to consider the enormous quantity of forms which are necessary for the provision of the various types of elements required for the manufacture of all the various types ~f contain-ers demanded by the market.
The main object of the present invention is to prevent the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a plane plate made of reinforced concrete ~enerally stressed, which plate, in association with other identical plates, allows to manufacture substantially polygonal tanks of various capacities.
Another object ofthe invention is to render it possible -to produce said plate on an industrial scale, whereby the plate will result economically advantageous.
A further, but not last object of the invention is to render safe and reliable the operation of the :, , . :, ..
: -~,aN~4~
tan~ produced by assembling the aforementioned plates.
According to the ~resent invention there is provided a liquidtight tank or reservoir made of generall~ stressed material comprising: a plurality of plate elements disposed adjacent to each other according to a pre-established configuration, each of which plate elements is delimited by two rectilinear edges and a pair of plane surfaces and comprises two rectilinear ribs extending along two rectilinear edges respectively and projecting sideways from one of said plane surfaces, each of said plate elements being provided with holes which are substantially orthogonal to the length of said ribs, each of said rectilinear ribs being provided with a plurality of : -perforations each of which extends completely through the rib;
cables arranged to be put under tension, each of which extends through one of said holes of one plate element and through corresponding perforations of ribs of two plate elements adjacent to said one plate element, the ends of said cable projecting to the outer side of said ribs; anchorage clamps, each of which locks the ends of one of said cables on the outer
The present invention relates to a liquidtight tank or reservoir made of stressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants.
The tank or reservoir according to the invention is particularly convenient also for the storage of incoherent materials, for instance cereals in general.
The known technique of construction of tanks or reservoirs both of normal reinforced concrete and prestressed reinforced concrete is so wide that it is not deemed suitable to discuss it herein; it is sufficient to mention some of the constructional and manufacturing methods which are used presently, pointing out some disadvantages deriving therefrom, the pre-vention of such disadvantages heing, among other things, the object of the present invention.
According to a first techni~ue of construction, the tanks or reservoirs are pre-fabricated as an integral body up to dimensions which are compatible ~ ~ .
~ ~
.
, ~.
.' :
with the transport problem. Over certain dimensions, owing to a practical impossibility of transport, they are constructed directly on the spot according to perfectly known modalities of constr~ction.
A common feature of these techniques of construction is their remarkable character of handicraft, which nowadays constitutes a not negligib~e disadvantage, mainly because of the high costs of labor deriving therefrom.
Moreover, the prestress of the concrete is, from the technical point of view, a complex operation, so that if tanks or reservoirs are to be constructed of normal reinforced concrete, a considerable quantity of material is required which represents a further cost in addition to the cost of the labor which is ~-high in itself.
Other techniques of construction exist which allow the manufacture of the tanks or reservoirs by assembling on the spot elements of normal or prestressed reinforced concrete, having a bending radius equal to the bending radius of the cylindrical tank. It can easily be appreciated that while an element having a determined bending radius generally gives rise to a cylindrical tank having the same bending radius, a plane element can give rise to polygonal tanks having a different number of sides according to its inclination -' ''.
1()~()~'7~
with respect to the adjacent element.
In other words, if tanks of different capacities are to be constructed it is necessary to vary either the height of said elements or, anyway, the bending radius, i.e. each element given rise to a tank of determined capacity, and the provision of a tank having a different capacity requires the use of an element having other characteristics. To understand clearly the limits which practically are set to the use of such techniques it is sufficient to consider the enormous quantity of forms which are necessary for the provision of the various types of elements required for the manufacture of all the various types ~f contain-ers demanded by the market.
The main object of the present invention is to prevent the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a plane plate made of reinforced concrete ~enerally stressed, which plate, in association with other identical plates, allows to manufacture substantially polygonal tanks of various capacities.
Another object ofthe invention is to render it possible -to produce said plate on an industrial scale, whereby the plate will result economically advantageous.
A further, but not last object of the invention is to render safe and reliable the operation of the :, , . :, ..
: -~,aN~4~
tan~ produced by assembling the aforementioned plates.
According to the ~resent invention there is provided a liquidtight tank or reservoir made of generall~ stressed material comprising: a plurality of plate elements disposed adjacent to each other according to a pre-established configuration, each of which plate elements is delimited by two rectilinear edges and a pair of plane surfaces and comprises two rectilinear ribs extending along two rectilinear edges respectively and projecting sideways from one of said plane surfaces, each of said plate elements being provided with holes which are substantially orthogonal to the length of said ribs, each of said rectilinear ribs being provided with a plurality of : -perforations each of which extends completely through the rib;
cables arranged to be put under tension, each of which extends through one of said holes of one plate element and through corresponding perforations of ribs of two plate elements adjacent to said one plate element, the ends of said cable projecting to the outer side of said ribs; anchorage clamps, each of which locks the ends of one of said cables on the outer
2~ side of said ribs; and filling elements, each of which is disposed between two adjacent ribs belonging to two adjacent plate elements and between the corresponding edges of said elements.
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Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will result more apparently from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment according to the invention, shown by way of non limitating example in the annexed drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a top view of a polygonal tank having ten sides;
Figure 2 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates;
Figure 3 shows a detail of the assembly of two con- -secutive plane plates under another angle; ~
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the detail shown in -Fig. 2;
Figure 5 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates under a right angle;
Figure 6 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates according to a second possible embodiment;
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Figure 7 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates according to a third possible embodiment.
Referring to the Figures described above, the plane plate 1 made of gènerally prestressed reinforced concrete, consists substantially of a central portion 2 having a constant thickness and vertical ribs 3 formed at the edge portions of the plate, which edge portions,at the moment of the assembly, are brought towards the edge portions of the adjacent plane plates.
Positioned in the interior of said pla~e plate 1 are sheath elements 4 suitably spaced along the height of the plate.
Received in the interior of said sheaths are strands or plaits 5 which, as will be pointed out more clearly later, provide both the assembly between the contiguous plane plates, and the pre- -stress of the concrete.
Disposed on the ribs 3, at the same level as the sheaths 4, are slots 6 which allow the passage of the strands or plaits 5. On the :
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outer side of the plane plate 1, said slots open on a substant-ially cylindrical surface 7, which will conveniently be called a saddle.
Said saddle 7 extends in the interior of a recess 8 formed onthe rib 3.
Reference numeral 9 indicates anchorage clamps of the strands or plaits 5, which clamps abut against the saddle 7.
Formed on the inner side of each rib 3 is a cavity 10 which extends along the whole height of the rib 3.
Said cavity lOreceives partially a filling element 11 made of reinforced concrete, thus forming an established angle between two consecutive plane plates.
If it is desired to have between two consecutive plane plates an angle different from the preceding one, it is sufficient to interpose a different filling element between the cavities 10 and lOa formed in the interior of the ribs 3 and 3a, respectively, of the consecutive plane plates 1 and la respectively.
The above explanations of the structure will be sufficient for a person skilled in the art to :- -8-10~i0~ '3 realize the indubitable inventive advantages deriving from a construction of this type. Anyway, these advantages will be put more into evidence both by describing the particular process of production of said plates and by pointing out the modalities of assembly of said plates.
The inventive effort for the realization of such plane ' -plates has been directed to obtaining plane plates by a highly industrial process, such as to reduce to the minimum the cost of labor.
Moreover, the aim was to provide a type of plane plate which allows, by simple varying the connection element interposed between two adjacent plates, to produce tanks having the most dis-parate capacities.
In fact, it is beyond doubt that the provision of a single type of plane plate for the construction of tanks having a very different capacity from each other allows a mass-production and the storage of a single type of product, thereby rendering it possible to meet at the right time the most disparate requirements of the marXet.
The production of said plane plates is carried out on special paths. Along the length of each path there is disposed a form which is an exact negative copy of the plane plate. More-over, the form is made of two different types of elements. The first type of element is formed simply by the surface of the plane plate. The second type is formed by suitable box-shaped elements which reproduce the saddles and the slots. Th~n, along the length of the path are interposed various diaphragms arranged at a distance equal to the hieght of the plane plate, and more-over said box-shaped elements are disposed at the points where it is desired to form the saddles and the slots for the passage of the strands or plaits 5 serving to obtain the prestress at the moment of the assembly of the plane plates. Furthermore, strands _g_ :
;06~7~
or wires may eventually be stretched from one end to the other of the path in order to effect the prestress, by adhesion, of the concrete in the vertical direction of the tank formed by the plane plates.
It is clear that the casting may be carried out either on forms positioned vertically and provided with vibrator elements in order to tamp the concrete, or on horizontal forms, and in this latter case the smoothing and finishing of the inner surface or intrados of the plane plates is carried out by means of outer vibratory finishing equipment.
~he installation of the tank according to the invention is carried out in the following way. Knowing the capacity of the tank, it is established from how many plane plates must be manufactured the tank to meet the characteristics which are reauiredO If the capacity of the tank is shifted towards the lower limits of the range of ~ariation of the capacity, a tank having a square base will certainly be chosen, that is to say, a tank made of plane plates forming between them an inner right angle.
For higher capacities, a tank will be chosen which has a pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and so on, base, :~
according to the established capacity, i.e. a tank will be chosen which is formed, respectively, by five, six, seven, eight sides, and so on. It is clear that there is no theoretical upper limit for the number of sides, because, theoretically, for enormous capacities it would be possible to adopt a tank having a base plan formed by a regular polygon having a very high number of sides. For merely practical reasons, the polygons which form the plan of the tank will be a discrete number, as for each polygon it will be necessary to use a different connection element 11, since it characterizes the inner dihedral angle formed by two adjacent plane plates, which angle depends on the number of sides '7;~
n - 2 of the polygon and is bound to it by the relation n ~180), where n is the number of sides of the polygon. It is clear that the variable on which is is possible to act in order to vary the capacity of the purification tank is not only the number of sides of the plan of the tank, but also the height of the plane plate;
however, while the first variable is acted upon at the moment of the installation by choosing the s~itable filling element ll, the second variable has to be acted upon at the moment of the manufacture of the plane plates, even if this is very simple because it is sufficient to merely move the diaphragms along the path in which the casting is carried out, so as to obtain the desired height for the plane plates.
After having established, for instance, that to obtain a certain capacity it is necessary to have a tank having a decagonal planl as can be seen in Fig~ l, a connection element ll is chosen whose dimensions are such as to form between two consecutive plates an angle of 144, which is obtained by merely substituting n=10 in the relation n n 2 ~180).
Successively, the ten plane plates l are disposed one 20 near the other so as to form a regular decagon and an element of ~
connection 11 is interposed between two consecutive plane plates. ; -Then, the strands 5 are passed into the sheaths 4 and after having been made to come out from the slots 6 they are subject to tension and then locked in accordance with the usualmodern techniques, by means of the anchorage clamps 9 which bear on the respective saddles 7.
An additional casting is made into the cavity 12 in order to obtain a perfect seal of the tank. -A further casting is made also into the recesses 8 ~-which receive the saddles 7 and anchorage clamps 9.
The tension of the strands 5 has the dual purpose of connecting the plane plates l to each other and providing the -11- ~ ,.
10~0~
prestress of the concrete in the horizontal direction. Owing to the configuration of the element, there are minimal friction losses during the impressing of states of constraint. The concrete can eventually be prestressed also in the vertical direction by means of adherent plaits or strands. From the foregoing it appears c]early that it would be possible to provide, with the same easiness, a tank having a certain number of different sides by merely choosing a connection element 11 form-ing the desired angle between two consecutive plane plates; the anchorage clamps 9 would automatically be disposed in a different position on the saddles 7, so as to produce the desired tension.
Practically, as is clearly shown in the annexed drawings, the inner angle between two adjacent plane plates has a field of variation which ranges between 90 and 180C. By choosing an angle of 90~, a tank is obtained which has a square plan formed by four plane plates. With angles comprised between 90 and 180 a polygonal tank with more than four sides is obtained. Finally, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, the plane plates may be connected to each other also by forming an angle of 180~. This solution is particularly useful in case it is desired to increase the side of the polygon (and, consequently, the capacity of the tank) without excessively increasing the number of sides; in this case, two different types of connection elements will have to be used.
In case the plane plates are connected to each other forming an angle of 90, as shown in Fig. 5, the connection element assumes the particular shape of the element lla shown in Fig. 5. Alternatively, instead of the connection element lla shown in Fig. 5, a stripe of insulating material can be used, by carrying out a casting of concrete into the cavities 10.
Obviously, the invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are com-1()~0~'7;~
prised within the scope of the inventiVe idea.
Thus, instead of filling element 11 a wedge-shaped element 13 may be provided, also made of concrete, as appears clearly from Fig. 6; by merel~ varying the angle of the wedge, a variation of the angle between the adjacent plates, and, conse~
quently, of the number of sides of the polygon forming the plan of the tank, is obtained.
When choosing this latter embodiment it will be necessary to effect an additional casting into the side cavities ;
10. It is clear that in case of dangerous concentrations of stresses it will be possible to displace the position of the cavities 10, without departing from the scope of the inventive concept.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 7, the assembly of the elements or plane plates ;
14a and 14b is carried out by interposing between them, as connection element, a cylindrical latch 15 made of concrete.
The inner surfaces of the ribs are cylindrical in shape, so as to receive partially the cylindrical latch 15. An additional casting of concrete is then carried out into the side cavities 16a and 16b. What readily appears as being very ~ -interesting is the fact that, according to this embodiment, by changing the angle between two consecutive elements 14a and 14b the connection element remains unchanged. The cylindrical latch 15, i.e. the connection element, may be truncate according to the ;
angle between two filling elements. However, this is carried out always by means of the same form by interposing suitable diaphragms, thus obtaining a production with remarkable characteristics of industrialization.
Of course, it is ob~ious that the filling element 11, as well as the element lla and as well as the element 13 and the element 15, may be provided inaifferently with holes or slots, ~(~60~'71~
not shown in the annexed drawings, in order to allow the positioning of the strands 5 which have to be stretched.
Finally~ it is realized that it is not indispensable to pre-fabricate the connection elements 11 and 13, inasmuch as it is possible to eventually effect a casting directly on the spot, after the strands 5 have been passed through. The stretching of the strands will then be carried out after the casting has hardened.
' ' .
'
~, l~O~
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will result more apparently from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment according to the invention, shown by way of non limitating example in the annexed drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a top view of a polygonal tank having ten sides;
Figure 2 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates;
Figure 3 shows a detail of the assembly of two con- -secutive plane plates under another angle; ~
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the detail shown in -Fig. 2;
Figure 5 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates under a right angle;
Figure 6 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates according to a second possible embodiment;
~.
--6-- .
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Figure 7 shows a detail of the assembly of two con-secutive plane plates according to a third possible embodiment.
Referring to the Figures described above, the plane plate 1 made of gènerally prestressed reinforced concrete, consists substantially of a central portion 2 having a constant thickness and vertical ribs 3 formed at the edge portions of the plate, which edge portions,at the moment of the assembly, are brought towards the edge portions of the adjacent plane plates.
Positioned in the interior of said pla~e plate 1 are sheath elements 4 suitably spaced along the height of the plate.
Received in the interior of said sheaths are strands or plaits 5 which, as will be pointed out more clearly later, provide both the assembly between the contiguous plane plates, and the pre- -stress of the concrete.
Disposed on the ribs 3, at the same level as the sheaths 4, are slots 6 which allow the passage of the strands or plaits 5. On the :
~O~iO~7~
outer side of the plane plate 1, said slots open on a substant-ially cylindrical surface 7, which will conveniently be called a saddle.
Said saddle 7 extends in the interior of a recess 8 formed onthe rib 3.
Reference numeral 9 indicates anchorage clamps of the strands or plaits 5, which clamps abut against the saddle 7.
Formed on the inner side of each rib 3 is a cavity 10 which extends along the whole height of the rib 3.
Said cavity lOreceives partially a filling element 11 made of reinforced concrete, thus forming an established angle between two consecutive plane plates.
If it is desired to have between two consecutive plane plates an angle different from the preceding one, it is sufficient to interpose a different filling element between the cavities 10 and lOa formed in the interior of the ribs 3 and 3a, respectively, of the consecutive plane plates 1 and la respectively.
The above explanations of the structure will be sufficient for a person skilled in the art to :- -8-10~i0~ '3 realize the indubitable inventive advantages deriving from a construction of this type. Anyway, these advantages will be put more into evidence both by describing the particular process of production of said plates and by pointing out the modalities of assembly of said plates.
The inventive effort for the realization of such plane ' -plates has been directed to obtaining plane plates by a highly industrial process, such as to reduce to the minimum the cost of labor.
Moreover, the aim was to provide a type of plane plate which allows, by simple varying the connection element interposed between two adjacent plates, to produce tanks having the most dis-parate capacities.
In fact, it is beyond doubt that the provision of a single type of plane plate for the construction of tanks having a very different capacity from each other allows a mass-production and the storage of a single type of product, thereby rendering it possible to meet at the right time the most disparate requirements of the marXet.
The production of said plane plates is carried out on special paths. Along the length of each path there is disposed a form which is an exact negative copy of the plane plate. More-over, the form is made of two different types of elements. The first type of element is formed simply by the surface of the plane plate. The second type is formed by suitable box-shaped elements which reproduce the saddles and the slots. Th~n, along the length of the path are interposed various diaphragms arranged at a distance equal to the hieght of the plane plate, and more-over said box-shaped elements are disposed at the points where it is desired to form the saddles and the slots for the passage of the strands or plaits 5 serving to obtain the prestress at the moment of the assembly of the plane plates. Furthermore, strands _g_ :
;06~7~
or wires may eventually be stretched from one end to the other of the path in order to effect the prestress, by adhesion, of the concrete in the vertical direction of the tank formed by the plane plates.
It is clear that the casting may be carried out either on forms positioned vertically and provided with vibrator elements in order to tamp the concrete, or on horizontal forms, and in this latter case the smoothing and finishing of the inner surface or intrados of the plane plates is carried out by means of outer vibratory finishing equipment.
~he installation of the tank according to the invention is carried out in the following way. Knowing the capacity of the tank, it is established from how many plane plates must be manufactured the tank to meet the characteristics which are reauiredO If the capacity of the tank is shifted towards the lower limits of the range of ~ariation of the capacity, a tank having a square base will certainly be chosen, that is to say, a tank made of plane plates forming between them an inner right angle.
For higher capacities, a tank will be chosen which has a pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and so on, base, :~
according to the established capacity, i.e. a tank will be chosen which is formed, respectively, by five, six, seven, eight sides, and so on. It is clear that there is no theoretical upper limit for the number of sides, because, theoretically, for enormous capacities it would be possible to adopt a tank having a base plan formed by a regular polygon having a very high number of sides. For merely practical reasons, the polygons which form the plan of the tank will be a discrete number, as for each polygon it will be necessary to use a different connection element 11, since it characterizes the inner dihedral angle formed by two adjacent plane plates, which angle depends on the number of sides '7;~
n - 2 of the polygon and is bound to it by the relation n ~180), where n is the number of sides of the polygon. It is clear that the variable on which is is possible to act in order to vary the capacity of the purification tank is not only the number of sides of the plan of the tank, but also the height of the plane plate;
however, while the first variable is acted upon at the moment of the installation by choosing the s~itable filling element ll, the second variable has to be acted upon at the moment of the manufacture of the plane plates, even if this is very simple because it is sufficient to merely move the diaphragms along the path in which the casting is carried out, so as to obtain the desired height for the plane plates.
After having established, for instance, that to obtain a certain capacity it is necessary to have a tank having a decagonal planl as can be seen in Fig~ l, a connection element ll is chosen whose dimensions are such as to form between two consecutive plates an angle of 144, which is obtained by merely substituting n=10 in the relation n n 2 ~180).
Successively, the ten plane plates l are disposed one 20 near the other so as to form a regular decagon and an element of ~
connection 11 is interposed between two consecutive plane plates. ; -Then, the strands 5 are passed into the sheaths 4 and after having been made to come out from the slots 6 they are subject to tension and then locked in accordance with the usualmodern techniques, by means of the anchorage clamps 9 which bear on the respective saddles 7.
An additional casting is made into the cavity 12 in order to obtain a perfect seal of the tank. -A further casting is made also into the recesses 8 ~-which receive the saddles 7 and anchorage clamps 9.
The tension of the strands 5 has the dual purpose of connecting the plane plates l to each other and providing the -11- ~ ,.
10~0~
prestress of the concrete in the horizontal direction. Owing to the configuration of the element, there are minimal friction losses during the impressing of states of constraint. The concrete can eventually be prestressed also in the vertical direction by means of adherent plaits or strands. From the foregoing it appears c]early that it would be possible to provide, with the same easiness, a tank having a certain number of different sides by merely choosing a connection element 11 form-ing the desired angle between two consecutive plane plates; the anchorage clamps 9 would automatically be disposed in a different position on the saddles 7, so as to produce the desired tension.
Practically, as is clearly shown in the annexed drawings, the inner angle between two adjacent plane plates has a field of variation which ranges between 90 and 180C. By choosing an angle of 90~, a tank is obtained which has a square plan formed by four plane plates. With angles comprised between 90 and 180 a polygonal tank with more than four sides is obtained. Finally, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, the plane plates may be connected to each other also by forming an angle of 180~. This solution is particularly useful in case it is desired to increase the side of the polygon (and, consequently, the capacity of the tank) without excessively increasing the number of sides; in this case, two different types of connection elements will have to be used.
In case the plane plates are connected to each other forming an angle of 90, as shown in Fig. 5, the connection element assumes the particular shape of the element lla shown in Fig. 5. Alternatively, instead of the connection element lla shown in Fig. 5, a stripe of insulating material can be used, by carrying out a casting of concrete into the cavities 10.
Obviously, the invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are com-1()~0~'7;~
prised within the scope of the inventiVe idea.
Thus, instead of filling element 11 a wedge-shaped element 13 may be provided, also made of concrete, as appears clearly from Fig. 6; by merel~ varying the angle of the wedge, a variation of the angle between the adjacent plates, and, conse~
quently, of the number of sides of the polygon forming the plan of the tank, is obtained.
When choosing this latter embodiment it will be necessary to effect an additional casting into the side cavities ;
10. It is clear that in case of dangerous concentrations of stresses it will be possible to displace the position of the cavities 10, without departing from the scope of the inventive concept.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 7, the assembly of the elements or plane plates ;
14a and 14b is carried out by interposing between them, as connection element, a cylindrical latch 15 made of concrete.
The inner surfaces of the ribs are cylindrical in shape, so as to receive partially the cylindrical latch 15. An additional casting of concrete is then carried out into the side cavities 16a and 16b. What readily appears as being very ~ -interesting is the fact that, according to this embodiment, by changing the angle between two consecutive elements 14a and 14b the connection element remains unchanged. The cylindrical latch 15, i.e. the connection element, may be truncate according to the ;
angle between two filling elements. However, this is carried out always by means of the same form by interposing suitable diaphragms, thus obtaining a production with remarkable characteristics of industrialization.
Of course, it is ob~ious that the filling element 11, as well as the element lla and as well as the element 13 and the element 15, may be provided inaifferently with holes or slots, ~(~60~'71~
not shown in the annexed drawings, in order to allow the positioning of the strands 5 which have to be stretched.
Finally~ it is realized that it is not indispensable to pre-fabricate the connection elements 11 and 13, inasmuch as it is possible to eventually effect a casting directly on the spot, after the strands 5 have been passed through. The stretching of the strands will then be carried out after the casting has hardened.
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Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A liquidtight tank or reservoir made of generally stressed material comprising:
a plurality of plate elements disposed adjacent to each other according to a pre-established configuration, each of which plate elements is delimited by two rectilinear edges and a pair of plane surfaces and comprises two rectilinear ribs extending along two rectilinear edges respectively and projecting sideways from one of said plane surfaces, each of said plate elements being provided with holes which are substantially orthogonal to the length of said ribs, each of said rectilinear ribs being provided with a plurality of perforations each of which extends completely through the rib;
cables arranged to be put under tension, each of which extends through one of said holes of one plate element and through corresponding perforations of ribs of two plate elements and adjacent to said one plate element the ends of said cable projecting to the outer side of said ribs;
anchorage clamps, each of which locks the ends of one of said cables on the outer side of said ribs; and filling elements, each of which is disposed between two adjacent ribs belonging to two adjacent plate elements and between the corresponding edges of said elements.
a plurality of plate elements disposed adjacent to each other according to a pre-established configuration, each of which plate elements is delimited by two rectilinear edges and a pair of plane surfaces and comprises two rectilinear ribs extending along two rectilinear edges respectively and projecting sideways from one of said plane surfaces, each of said plate elements being provided with holes which are substantially orthogonal to the length of said ribs, each of said rectilinear ribs being provided with a plurality of perforations each of which extends completely through the rib;
cables arranged to be put under tension, each of which extends through one of said holes of one plate element and through corresponding perforations of ribs of two plate elements and adjacent to said one plate element the ends of said cable projecting to the outer side of said ribs;
anchorage clamps, each of which locks the ends of one of said cables on the outer side of said ribs; and filling elements, each of which is disposed between two adjacent ribs belonging to two adjacent plate elements and between the corresponding edges of said elements.
2. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, wherein each of the perforations through said ribs opens into a recess on the outer side of said ribs, said recess providing a seating for said anchorage clamps.
3. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, wherein said seating is cylindrical.
4. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, made of stressed reinforced concrete wherein each said filling element is pre-fabricated of reinforced concrete and extends along the whole height of said plate elements, said filling element engaging in cavities formed on the inner side of said ribs.
5. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, made of stressed reinforced concrete wherein said pre-fabricated filling elements are pre-fabricated and made of reinforced concrete, said filling elements are substantially wedge-shaped and extend along the whole height of said plate elements, and said filling elements engage the inner surfaces of said ribs and the corresponding edges of said plate elements to define cavities between the ribs and edges of adjacent plate elements, which cavities are filled by means of an additional casting of concrete.
6. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, made of stressed reinforced concrete wherein said filling elements are prefabricated and made of reinforced concrete, said filling elements are substantially cylindrical in shape and extend along the whole height of said plane plates, said filling elements contact the inner surfaces of said ribs and said corresponding edges of the plate elements to form cavities between the ribs and edges of adjacent plate elements, which cavities are filled by means of an additional casting of concrete.
7. A liquidtight tank or reservoir according to claim 1, wherein said filling elements are provided with holes or slots which receive said cables arranged to provide both the assembly of said plane plates and to stress said concrete after the assembly of the tank or reservoir.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA240,866A CA1060673A (en) | 1975-12-02 | 1975-12-02 | Liquidtight tank or reservoir made of prestressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA240,866A CA1060673A (en) | 1975-12-02 | 1975-12-02 | Liquidtight tank or reservoir made of prestressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1060673A true CA1060673A (en) | 1979-08-21 |
Family
ID=4104643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA240,866A Expired CA1060673A (en) | 1975-12-02 | 1975-12-02 | Liquidtight tank or reservoir made of prestressed reinforced concrete, particularly for purification plants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1060673A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010098716A1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Roger Ericsson | Prefabricated wall element for tower construction, and tower construction |
| CN103790423A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method of large concrete granary |
| CN114482607A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method for additionally installing steel plate layer on inner wall of reinforced concrete silo |
-
1975
- 1975-12-02 CA CA240,866A patent/CA1060673A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010098716A1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Roger Ericsson | Prefabricated wall element for tower construction, and tower construction |
| CN103790423A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method of large concrete granary |
| CN114482607A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method for additionally installing steel plate layer on inner wall of reinforced concrete silo |
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