CA1059758A - Continuous annealing line - Google Patents
Continuous annealing lineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1059758A CA1059758A CA259,520A CA259520A CA1059758A CA 1059758 A CA1059758 A CA 1059758A CA 259520 A CA259520 A CA 259520A CA 1059758 A CA1059758 A CA 1059758A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- line
- tension
- zone
- continuous annealing
- looper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
Abstract
CONTINUOUS ANNEALING LINE
Abstract of the disclosure An improved continuous annealing line of the type having a looper, bridle-roll units and a free loop arranged at each of the entry and delivery sides of an annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone and cooling zone, wherein a drive motor including carriage operating constant current control means and constituting a part of strip tension control means is provided in the entry looper and/or the delivery looper of the annealing furnace and is feedback controlled by means of the output tension signal of a tension meter provided in the looper and steering rolls -are additionally provided in the line, whereby the entire line is made into a tight line having no free loop.
Abstract of the disclosure An improved continuous annealing line of the type having a looper, bridle-roll units and a free loop arranged at each of the entry and delivery sides of an annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone and cooling zone, wherein a drive motor including carriage operating constant current control means and constituting a part of strip tension control means is provided in the entry looper and/or the delivery looper of the annealing furnace and is feedback controlled by means of the output tension signal of a tension meter provided in the looper and steering rolls -are additionally provided in the line, whereby the entire line is made into a tight line having no free loop.
Description
~C~597S8 Background of the Invention The presen-t invention relates to improvements in and relating to a system of arranging a conti~bus annea].ing line including a continuous annealing furnace for steel products, particularly steel strip and equipment provided at the entry and delivery ends of the furnace and capable of preventing any variations in the tension of the external steel strip from causing variations in the strip tension within the furnace.
In recent years, the process of annealing cold rolled steel strip to provide the strip with the desired workability as well as deep drawability has been accomplished by continuous annealing lines. In the continuous annealing furnace for such purposes, each of the heating zone, soaking ~ zone, quenching zone, over aging zone (consisting for i ~ example of a reheating zone and a shelf treatment zone or a long shelf treatment zone) and cooling zone which consti-tute the furnace, is tall and long increasing the dimension of the annealing furnace on the whole and consequently any variations in the tension of steel strip within the furnace are regarded extremely undesirable. The reason is that variations in the tension of the steel strip within the furnace tend to result in a zigzag feed of the steel strip thus causing breaking of the steel strip and damage to the furnace with the resulting suspension of operation of the line and moreover variations in the strip tension tend to give rise to such undesirable results as necking down (reduction in width) of the steel strip, localized changes in properties due to the localized stress caused during ib/i~ - 2 - .
S97S~
the heat treatments, distortion of the steel strip due to the heat treatments and localized changes in the shape of the steel strip.
With the conventional continuous annealing furnaces where variations in the tension of steel strip are regarded extremely undesirable, it has been the usual practice to provide a free loop between the annealing furnace and various auxiliary units so that any variations in the tension of steel strip in the zones before and behind the free loop are prevented from mutually affecting the strip tension in these zones and at the same time the tracking of the steel strip in this portion is accomplished by the side guides.
However, this makes it essential to additionally provide tension producing means, such as, pinch rolls or-bridle rolls in the rear of the free loop so as to ensure :: the required steel strip tension in the zones following the free loop and moreover in order to produce the required tension in the strip in the free loop which has no tension by bridle rolls or the like the foremost roll in the bridle-roll unit must be provided with snubber rolls to - ~ provide the initial tension. Pinching the steel strip by such tension producing means tends to cause the zigzag feeding of the steel strip due to such small variation factors as distortion in the steel strip, change in the profile of rollers due to their wear, etc., and thi.s unavoidably causes distortion of the steel strip such as pressure waves.
While such provision of a free loop at each of the entry and delivery sides of an annealing furnace has the b/lL - 3 ~
~0597S13 advantage of effectively isolating variations in the tension oE steel strip, this arrangement is also disad-vantageous in that particularly at high line speeds the tracking of the steel strip is made increasingly difficult in proportion to the length of the furnace zones between the free loops, that tension producing means and side guides must be provided aaditionally at the exit side of each free loop thus requiring extra equipment costs, that such tension producing means itself must be made into a device of a considerably large size, since it is required to produce the required tension in the steel strip having no tension, etc. There are still other disadvantages, namely, the lateral swaying movement of steel strip in the free loops becomes increasingly severe as the strip speed increases with the result that the steel strip is adversely affected and edge damages will be caused to the steel strip even if the tracking of the steel strip is effected ~y the side rollers thus deteriorating the product quality, causing breaXing of the steel strip within the furnace and damages to the equipment and moreover the preset width of the side rollers must be changed whenever a strip width change occurs, and so on.
Summary of the Invention With a view to overcoming the foregoing difficulty, it is the object of thc present invention to provide an improved continuous annealing line In accordance with the present invention, there is thus provided an improved continuous annealing line :
b/~
~35~7~3 comprising a continuous annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone (consisting for example of a reheating zone and shelf treatment zone or a long shelf treatment zone) and cooling zone and equipment arranged at the entry and delivery-sides of the annealing furnace, wherein tension producing means is provided on the looper in the entry-end equipment and/or the delivery-end equipment, whereby the continuous annealing furnace line including the loopers is made into a tight tension line where no free loop is provided and the required tension is always produced in the steel strip, thus preventing the occurrence of variations in the tension of the steel strip within the continuous annealing furnace line and isolating and preventing the external variations in the tension of the steel strip from affecting the strip tension within the annealing furnace line and moreover steering rolls are provided so that the trac~ing of the steel strip is accomplished by the steering rolls without placing any restraints on the steel strip.
In one particular aspect the present invention provides in . a continuous annealing line which includes a continuous annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone and cooling zone and loopers provided at each of the entry and delivery sides of said annealing furnace, the combination comprising a drive motor including carriage operating constant current control means and constituting a part of strip tension control means, said drive motor oeing provided at least in one of the loopers arranged at each of the entry and delivery sides of said continuous annealing furnace, a tension meter provided in said looper, and a plurality of steering rolls provided in said line, whereby the whole of said line is made into a tight line.
~ r -5-' ") L05~7S~3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAW_NGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole line of a continuous annealing line which is made entirely into a tight line and including a refining and finishing line, showing the arrangement of the operating ~ones of a continuous annealing furnace in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention with its preferred entry-end and delivery-end equipment.
I . :.
jl/nfJ -5a-~43 5'~758 Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a tension control system.
Description of the preferred embodiments The present invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the whole line of a continuous annealing line which is made entirely into a tight line, showing the arrangement of the operating zones of a continuous annealing furnace according to an embodiment of the present in~ention with its preferred entry-end and delivery-end equipment as well as a refining and finishing line including temper rolls, slitters, etc.
While the entire line is made tight according to this embodi-ment, of course the arrangement of the continuous annealing furnace line according to the invention may be employed as such in the case of a conventional continuous line in which free loops are provided in the refining and finishing line including a temper rolling mill section, etc.
In the Figure, numerals la and lb designate payoff reels, 2 a welder for joining coil ends, 3 cleaning tanks, 4 an entry loop tower, 4' a tension meter roll provided in the entry loop tower, 5 an annealing furnace, 6 a delivery loop tower, 6' a tension meter roll provided in the delivery loop tower, 7 tempering rolling mill, 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d steering rolls, 9 a flying notcher, 10 a side trimmer, 11 bridle rolls, 12 an oiler, 13 a drum shear, 14a and 14b tension reels. The annealing furnace 5 is provided with a heating zone 15, soaking zone 16, quenching ~one 17, reheat-ing zone 18, shelf treating zone 19 and cooling zone 20 which are arranged successively in this order from the entry end of the furnace, and bridle-roll units 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are respectively provided in the front and back of the entry jb~/l _ 6 _ ~1~59~58 loop tower 4, in the Eront of the delivery loop tower 6 and in the front and back of the tempering rolling mill 7, thus making the entire line extending from the payoff rolls la and lb to the tension reels l~a and l~b into a tight line.
With the continuous annealing line shown ln Fig. 1 as a preferred emhodiment of this invention, as shown in the Figure, no free loop is provided in any part of the line and each driving roll motor is subjected to constant current control in such a rnanner that no variation occurs in the strip tension within the annealing furnace and also in the sections between the bridle-roll units. Since any variations in the strip tension, particularly within the annealing furnace S produce detrimental effects on the properties of the product steel strip, in accordance with the present inven-tion tension control means is provided in the carriage oper-ating device of the entry loop t:ower and/or the dellvery loop tower so that the control of tension is accomplished by a tension control consisting of the combination of the constant current control of the driven motors and the feed-back control employing the tension signals from the tension meters provided in the loopers.
Fig. 2 is a hlock diagram showing the control systern of a carriage lifting drive motor 30 of the loop tower ~ or 6, in which numeral 31 designates thyristor control means, 32 tension setting means, 33 a tension meter (the tension meter roll ~') for detecting the tension of the steel strip in the loop tower, 34 tension computing means, 35 tension control means, and the motor 30 is designed to control the output of the tension control means 35.
In ~ig. 2 r when the detected tension is equal to the preset tension, the motor 30 is controlled so that IS +
~ I2 = ~ where Il is the motor current, IS is the jh/~ 7 ~
~05~75~3 preset current and I2 is the outpu-t of the tension meter, thus accomplishing the tension control which additionally involves the feeding back of the actual tension detected by the tension meter.
It will thus be seen from the foregoing that the present invention has among its advantages the fact that in the continuous annealing line provided according to the invention the annealing furnace line is connected with a refining and finishing line in such a manner that the entire line is made tight and danger of causing variations in the strip tension is eliminated even if the provision of a free loop between the lines is eliminated, that by virtue of the tight line system the use of steering rolls for the tracking of steel strip is made possible and thus the illustrated steering rolls 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d may be used to provide a system which employs no side guides, that the entire furnace zones can be made free of such troubles as the occurrence of variations in the tension of steel strip within the furnace ~ones, the occurence of variations in the strip tension due to the preceding and following operations and troubles due to the faulty tracking, and that the elimination of the pro-vision of free loops and the attendan-t tension application devices such as pinch rolls, etc., makes it possible to pseyent any uDdesiFed lengthening of the line length ., .
jb/~. - 8 -
In recent years, the process of annealing cold rolled steel strip to provide the strip with the desired workability as well as deep drawability has been accomplished by continuous annealing lines. In the continuous annealing furnace for such purposes, each of the heating zone, soaking ~ zone, quenching zone, over aging zone (consisting for i ~ example of a reheating zone and a shelf treatment zone or a long shelf treatment zone) and cooling zone which consti-tute the furnace, is tall and long increasing the dimension of the annealing furnace on the whole and consequently any variations in the tension of steel strip within the furnace are regarded extremely undesirable. The reason is that variations in the tension of the steel strip within the furnace tend to result in a zigzag feed of the steel strip thus causing breaking of the steel strip and damage to the furnace with the resulting suspension of operation of the line and moreover variations in the strip tension tend to give rise to such undesirable results as necking down (reduction in width) of the steel strip, localized changes in properties due to the localized stress caused during ib/i~ - 2 - .
S97S~
the heat treatments, distortion of the steel strip due to the heat treatments and localized changes in the shape of the steel strip.
With the conventional continuous annealing furnaces where variations in the tension of steel strip are regarded extremely undesirable, it has been the usual practice to provide a free loop between the annealing furnace and various auxiliary units so that any variations in the tension of steel strip in the zones before and behind the free loop are prevented from mutually affecting the strip tension in these zones and at the same time the tracking of the steel strip in this portion is accomplished by the side guides.
However, this makes it essential to additionally provide tension producing means, such as, pinch rolls or-bridle rolls in the rear of the free loop so as to ensure :: the required steel strip tension in the zones following the free loop and moreover in order to produce the required tension in the strip in the free loop which has no tension by bridle rolls or the like the foremost roll in the bridle-roll unit must be provided with snubber rolls to - ~ provide the initial tension. Pinching the steel strip by such tension producing means tends to cause the zigzag feeding of the steel strip due to such small variation factors as distortion in the steel strip, change in the profile of rollers due to their wear, etc., and thi.s unavoidably causes distortion of the steel strip such as pressure waves.
While such provision of a free loop at each of the entry and delivery sides of an annealing furnace has the b/lL - 3 ~
~0597S13 advantage of effectively isolating variations in the tension oE steel strip, this arrangement is also disad-vantageous in that particularly at high line speeds the tracking of the steel strip is made increasingly difficult in proportion to the length of the furnace zones between the free loops, that tension producing means and side guides must be provided aaditionally at the exit side of each free loop thus requiring extra equipment costs, that such tension producing means itself must be made into a device of a considerably large size, since it is required to produce the required tension in the steel strip having no tension, etc. There are still other disadvantages, namely, the lateral swaying movement of steel strip in the free loops becomes increasingly severe as the strip speed increases with the result that the steel strip is adversely affected and edge damages will be caused to the steel strip even if the tracking of the steel strip is effected ~y the side rollers thus deteriorating the product quality, causing breaXing of the steel strip within the furnace and damages to the equipment and moreover the preset width of the side rollers must be changed whenever a strip width change occurs, and so on.
Summary of the Invention With a view to overcoming the foregoing difficulty, it is the object of thc present invention to provide an improved continuous annealing line In accordance with the present invention, there is thus provided an improved continuous annealing line :
b/~
~35~7~3 comprising a continuous annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone (consisting for example of a reheating zone and shelf treatment zone or a long shelf treatment zone) and cooling zone and equipment arranged at the entry and delivery-sides of the annealing furnace, wherein tension producing means is provided on the looper in the entry-end equipment and/or the delivery-end equipment, whereby the continuous annealing furnace line including the loopers is made into a tight tension line where no free loop is provided and the required tension is always produced in the steel strip, thus preventing the occurrence of variations in the tension of the steel strip within the continuous annealing furnace line and isolating and preventing the external variations in the tension of the steel strip from affecting the strip tension within the annealing furnace line and moreover steering rolls are provided so that the trac~ing of the steel strip is accomplished by the steering rolls without placing any restraints on the steel strip.
In one particular aspect the present invention provides in . a continuous annealing line which includes a continuous annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone and cooling zone and loopers provided at each of the entry and delivery sides of said annealing furnace, the combination comprising a drive motor including carriage operating constant current control means and constituting a part of strip tension control means, said drive motor oeing provided at least in one of the loopers arranged at each of the entry and delivery sides of said continuous annealing furnace, a tension meter provided in said looper, and a plurality of steering rolls provided in said line, whereby the whole of said line is made into a tight line.
~ r -5-' ") L05~7S~3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAW_NGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole line of a continuous annealing line which is made entirely into a tight line and including a refining and finishing line, showing the arrangement of the operating ~ones of a continuous annealing furnace in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention with its preferred entry-end and delivery-end equipment.
I . :.
jl/nfJ -5a-~43 5'~758 Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a tension control system.
Description of the preferred embodiments The present invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the whole line of a continuous annealing line which is made entirely into a tight line, showing the arrangement of the operating zones of a continuous annealing furnace according to an embodiment of the present in~ention with its preferred entry-end and delivery-end equipment as well as a refining and finishing line including temper rolls, slitters, etc.
While the entire line is made tight according to this embodi-ment, of course the arrangement of the continuous annealing furnace line according to the invention may be employed as such in the case of a conventional continuous line in which free loops are provided in the refining and finishing line including a temper rolling mill section, etc.
In the Figure, numerals la and lb designate payoff reels, 2 a welder for joining coil ends, 3 cleaning tanks, 4 an entry loop tower, 4' a tension meter roll provided in the entry loop tower, 5 an annealing furnace, 6 a delivery loop tower, 6' a tension meter roll provided in the delivery loop tower, 7 tempering rolling mill, 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d steering rolls, 9 a flying notcher, 10 a side trimmer, 11 bridle rolls, 12 an oiler, 13 a drum shear, 14a and 14b tension reels. The annealing furnace 5 is provided with a heating zone 15, soaking zone 16, quenching ~one 17, reheat-ing zone 18, shelf treating zone 19 and cooling zone 20 which are arranged successively in this order from the entry end of the furnace, and bridle-roll units 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are respectively provided in the front and back of the entry jb~/l _ 6 _ ~1~59~58 loop tower 4, in the Eront of the delivery loop tower 6 and in the front and back of the tempering rolling mill 7, thus making the entire line extending from the payoff rolls la and lb to the tension reels l~a and l~b into a tight line.
With the continuous annealing line shown ln Fig. 1 as a preferred emhodiment of this invention, as shown in the Figure, no free loop is provided in any part of the line and each driving roll motor is subjected to constant current control in such a rnanner that no variation occurs in the strip tension within the annealing furnace and also in the sections between the bridle-roll units. Since any variations in the strip tension, particularly within the annealing furnace S produce detrimental effects on the properties of the product steel strip, in accordance with the present inven-tion tension control means is provided in the carriage oper-ating device of the entry loop t:ower and/or the dellvery loop tower so that the control of tension is accomplished by a tension control consisting of the combination of the constant current control of the driven motors and the feed-back control employing the tension signals from the tension meters provided in the loopers.
Fig. 2 is a hlock diagram showing the control systern of a carriage lifting drive motor 30 of the loop tower ~ or 6, in which numeral 31 designates thyristor control means, 32 tension setting means, 33 a tension meter (the tension meter roll ~') for detecting the tension of the steel strip in the loop tower, 34 tension computing means, 35 tension control means, and the motor 30 is designed to control the output of the tension control means 35.
In ~ig. 2 r when the detected tension is equal to the preset tension, the motor 30 is controlled so that IS +
~ I2 = ~ where Il is the motor current, IS is the jh/~ 7 ~
~05~75~3 preset current and I2 is the outpu-t of the tension meter, thus accomplishing the tension control which additionally involves the feeding back of the actual tension detected by the tension meter.
It will thus be seen from the foregoing that the present invention has among its advantages the fact that in the continuous annealing line provided according to the invention the annealing furnace line is connected with a refining and finishing line in such a manner that the entire line is made tight and danger of causing variations in the strip tension is eliminated even if the provision of a free loop between the lines is eliminated, that by virtue of the tight line system the use of steering rolls for the tracking of steel strip is made possible and thus the illustrated steering rolls 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d may be used to provide a system which employs no side guides, that the entire furnace zones can be made free of such troubles as the occurrence of variations in the tension of steel strip within the furnace ~ones, the occurence of variations in the strip tension due to the preceding and following operations and troubles due to the faulty tracking, and that the elimination of the pro-vision of free loops and the attendan-t tension application devices such as pinch rolls, etc., makes it possible to pseyent any uDdesiFed lengthening of the line length ., .
jb/~. - 8 -
Claims (2)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a continuous annealing line which includes a continuous annealing furnace consisting of a heating zone, soaking zone, quenching zone, over aging zone and cooling zone and loopers provided at each of the entry and delivery sides of said annealing furnace, the combin-ation comprising a drive motor including carriage opera-ting constant current control means and constituting a part of strip tension control means, said drive motor being provided at least in one of the loopers arranged at each of the entry and delivery sides of said continuous annealing furnace, a tension meter provided in said looper, and a plurality of steering rolls provided in said line, whereby the whole of said line is made into a tight line.
2. A continuous annealing line according to claim 1, wherein said strip tension control means comprises said drive motor provided with thyristor control means, and circuit means for feeding back to said motor the output tension signal of said tension meter provided in said looper.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50102027A JPS58495B2 (en) | 1975-08-25 | 1975-08-25 | Renzokushiyoudonouchi |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1059758A true CA1059758A (en) | 1979-08-07 |
Family
ID=14316261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA259,520A Expired CA1059758A (en) | 1975-08-25 | 1976-08-20 | Continuous annealing line |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58495B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7605505A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1059758A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2638267C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2322204A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1062448B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS607693B2 (en) * | 1979-10-31 | 1985-02-26 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Continuous annealing method for steel strip |
| JPS5943979B2 (en) * | 1979-10-31 | 1984-10-25 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Furnace tension control method |
| JPS6028887B2 (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1985-07-08 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Continuous cold rolling annealing equipment |
| DE3106811C2 (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1988-10-20 | Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg | Plant for the continuous treatment of sheet metal |
| JPS62107499U (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1987-07-09 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5410522B2 (en) * | 1972-08-31 | 1979-05-08 | ||
| JPS5230928B2 (en) * | 1973-01-20 | 1977-08-11 | ||
| JPS5637291B2 (en) * | 1973-11-22 | 1981-08-29 | ||
| JPS50102025A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-08-13 |
-
1975
- 1975-08-25 JP JP50102027A patent/JPS58495B2/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-08-20 CA CA259,520A patent/CA1059758A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-23 FR FR7625478A patent/FR2322204A1/en active Granted
- 1976-08-23 BR BR7605505A patent/BR7605505A/en unknown
- 1976-08-24 IT IT2649076A patent/IT1062448B/en active
- 1976-08-25 DE DE19762638267 patent/DE2638267C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7605505A (en) | 1977-08-16 |
| DE2638267C3 (en) | 1978-09-21 |
| DE2638267A1 (en) | 1977-03-03 |
| JPS5226309A (en) | 1977-02-26 |
| JPS58495B2 (en) | 1983-01-06 |
| DE2638267B2 (en) | 1978-02-16 |
| AU1704476A (en) | 1977-08-04 |
| FR2322204A1 (en) | 1977-03-25 |
| FR2322204B1 (en) | 1980-12-05 |
| IT1062448B (en) | 1984-10-10 |
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