CA1058477A - Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow having an automatic time delay - Google Patents
Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow having an automatic time delayInfo
- Publication number
- CA1058477A CA1058477A CA313,370A CA313370A CA1058477A CA 1058477 A CA1058477 A CA 1058477A CA 313370 A CA313370 A CA 313370A CA 1058477 A CA1058477 A CA 1058477A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- cylinder
- seat
- housing
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A downhole float valve is normally closed by a spring or other means of applying axial pressure until suf-ficient pressure of drilling fluid from the surface opens the valve. The valve stem includes a dashpot type housing secured thereto and moving within a fluid filled cylinder.
When the valve opens, the movement is controlled by a one-way valve in the housing giving a relatively rapid opening.
When pressure of the drilling fluid from the surface is re-moved, the pressure on the underside of the valve typically assisted by the spring, closes the valve. An adjustable bleed passage in the housing delays this closing for a pre-determined time thus allowing the pressure on the un-derside of the valve to balance with the pressure on the other side of the valve, but preventing an hydraulic lock or an hydraulic "stuck" situation from occurring.
A downhole float valve is normally closed by a spring or other means of applying axial pressure until suf-ficient pressure of drilling fluid from the surface opens the valve. The valve stem includes a dashpot type housing secured thereto and moving within a fluid filled cylinder.
When the valve opens, the movement is controlled by a one-way valve in the housing giving a relatively rapid opening.
When pressure of the drilling fluid from the surface is re-moved, the pressure on the underside of the valve typically assisted by the spring, closes the valve. An adjustable bleed passage in the housing delays this closing for a pre-determined time thus allowing the pressure on the un-derside of the valve to balance with the pressure on the other side of the valve, but preventing an hydraulic lock or an hydraulic "stuck" situation from occurring.
Description
~05847~
VALVE ASSEMBLY FOR THE REMOTE CONTROL OF FLUID FLOW HAVING
AN AUTOMATIC TIME DELAY __ BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to new and useful improve-ments in the remote control of fluid flow utilizing a valve incorporating an automatic time delay.
In certain industrial applications, it is benefi-cial to have control over a distant fluid flow in such a way that some predictable delay is incorporated automatically between the actuating means and the function being controlled.
Although the present description and drawings rela-te to oil well drilling, nevertheless the device can be used in other industrial applications.
In the drilling of petroleum exploratory wells, it i5 desirable to control and therefore prohibit, the passage of natural gas from the downhole drilling bit location to the earth's surface through the borehole annulus and also through the hollow drill stem itself.
Such ccmtrol is mandatory for the prevention of costly "blowouts" that may occur in the process of drilling ''' '~
:`
wells for the recovery of petroleum products.
Conventionally, control of gas flow through the bore-hole annulus is by means of "blowout preventers" in-stalled at the surface and some control is exercised over the passage of gas through the interior of the drill stem by means of a downhole "float valve" and the present inven-tion relates primarily to improvements in downhole "float valve" assemblies.
The present downhole float valve assemblies often ! 10 cause what is known as "hydraulic sticking" of the drill string. As the drill string is lowered into the borehole subsequen~ to bit changing or the like, the lower members of the drill string (the drill collars) often become coated ~;
with various matter (e.g. cuttings and/or mudcake) suspended in the drilling fluid and when the interior of the drill string is subjected to the drilling fluid pressure imposed by the surface pumps, the drilling fluid itself causes the down-hole float valve to open thereby permitting the passage of drilling fluid down through the drill bit and into the bore-hole annulus where it normally would proceed back to the sur-face.
However, the material in suspension in the annulus fluid sometimes becomes compressed upwardly as a result of ,.j ~ .... . , . . - - . .
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lOS8~77 the surface pump pressure thus causing a complete or par-tial blocking of the annulus route intended for the return of the drilling fluid to the surface.
The continuing application of pressure by the sur-face pumps therefore causes a downhole force imbalance in such a direction as to cause the float valve to close there-by leaving a section of the downhole annulus, pressurized, resulting in a hydraulically "stuck" situation.
In float valve applications, the present state of ! 10 the art requires that some unlocking means by applied from the surface in order to break this hydraulic lock. Conven-tionally, a ball or dart or the like is dropped down the interior of the drill stem from the surface in order to at-tempt to open the valve, but this practice is generally un-lS predictable and unsatisfactory~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
~ . . .
The main purpose of the apparatus disclosed herein is to permit the balancing of the aforementioned downhole pressures by means of a float valve that incorporates an automatic time delay feature, such that bac~ pressure may be relieved up through the drill string while the valve .,. . ' : ~ . .~ .
::
~OS8~77 remains in an open condition for a predetermined length of time.
There is disclosed herein a time delayed float that may be installed at the lower end of a typical drill string and having the following features:
(a) The valve is normally closed or partially closed, and is influenced in this condition by means of a helical spring.
(b) The application, in the downstream direction, of nor-mal pressure exerted by surface pumps for the purpose of circulating drilling fluid down through the inte-rior of the drill stem, through the drill bit, and back to the surface through the bore hole annulus, will cause the present valve to open relatively quick-ly, permitting the unimpeded flow of drilling fluid.
(c) The removal of the pressure exerted by the surface pumps, creating at the bit a pressure differential in the reverse direction to that associated with nor~
mal drilling fluid circulation, will cause the present valve to close gradually (typically over a four minute period), thereby permitting th0 pressure to equalize between the annulus and the drill string interior at the bit.
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(d) The contained helical spring or other source of axial pressure shall keep the valve in the closed condition - until adequate downstream pressure is once more applied.
(e) Additional pressure that may be encountered in, for example, a downhole gas-bearing formation, will act in an upstream direction such that addi~ional force is applied to keep the present valve in the closed posi-tion - preventing venting of such gas to the surface through the drill string.
(f) The partially closed valve will also prevent the flow of relatively large chips or other solids into the drill stem while the bit is being run to the bottom of the hole. This will reduce the possibility of sub-sequent plugging of the bit nozzles by matter suspended in the drilling fluid.
One aspect of the invention consists of a float valve assembly for the remote control of the fluid flow com-prising in combination a cylindrical casing, a fluid passage-way extending axially through said casing and a valve assem-bly within said passageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve ., :~ . , ~. ,: , ~ :
,. . .. .. ~ .
seat and sealing of said passageway, means normally main-taining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passageway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to control the movement of said valve from said seat and time delay means to con-trol the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pressure of fluid with-in said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
With the foregoing in view, and other advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this specification proceeds, the invention is hereby described by reference to the accompany-- 15 ing drawings forming a part hereof, which includes a descrip-tion of the preferred typical embodiment of the principles of the present invention, in which:-DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a cross sectional partially schematic view of the invention shown at the bottom of a bore hole.
Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal section and partially broken away view of the invention incorporated within a cylindrical casing.
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Figure 3 is an end view of Figure 2 taken from the right-hand end thereof.
Figure 4 is an end view of Figure 2 taken from the left-hand end thereof.
Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectioned view of the valve assembly per se.
In the drawings like characters of reference in-dicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceedinq to describe the invention in detail, reference should first be made to Figure 1 in which the in-vention collectively designated 10 is situated immediately above a drill bit 11 to which it is attached. The drill string 12 is secured to the other end of the invention sub 10 and extends to the surface (not illustrated).
Within the bore hole 13, an annulus 14 is ~ormed around the invention sub and drill string and it is normal for drilling fluid to pass downwardly through the drill string, through the drill bit 11 and then upwardly through the annu-lus as shown by arrows 15.
As will be seen from the legend attached to Figure 1, back pressure sometimes builds up within the annulus as .
; ~ - -the passageway is blocked by mudcake or other suspended solids illustrated by reference character 16 thus causing, in conjunction with the float valve assembly 17, an hydrau-lic lock or an hydraulically "stuck" region between the float valve assembly and the blocking matter.
Reference should next be made to Figure 2 in which the invention collectively designated 10 comprises a sub-stantially cylindrical casing 18 taking the form of a top sub 19 threadably engageable with a bottom sub 20 by means of a modified tool joint 21.
!
A conventional tool joint 22 at one end of the top sub 19 permits the top sub to be connected to a lower end of the drill string in the usual manner and a similar tool joint 22A at one end of the bottom sub, enables the bit 15 to be secured thereto in the usual way.
Situated within the cylindrical casing 18 is the aforementioned float valve assembly collectively designated 17.
An axial passageway 23 extends through the subs 19 and 20 with the float valve assembly 17 being situated with-in the passageway.
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- . , .
~058~77 A conical valve seat 24 is provided at the lower end of the passageway 23 extending through the top sub 19 and a conical valve 25 normally engages within this valve seat 24 thus partially or completely closing off the passa-geway 23 unless sufficient pressure of fluid through passa-geway 23, is provided in order to lift the valve 25 from seat 24 as will hereinafter be described.
Situated within the bottom sub 20, is a cylindrical housing 26 held axially within the passageway 27 in the bot-tom sub, by means of top and bottom spiders 28 or the like and this cylindrical housing includes an upper closed end 29 and a lower closed end 30. The upper closed end is in the form of a cap screw threadably engaging the main cylindrical - portion 31 and the lower closed end 30 slidably engages over a shoulder formed on the lower end of the housing 31 and is held in position by means of set screws 32.
The valve head 25 includes a cylindrical valve stem 33 secured to the valve head 25 by means of set screws 34 ex-tending through a flanged end 35 of the valve stem and this cylindrical valve stem extends through the end caps 29 and 30 in a sliding relationship, seals 36 being provided to maintain a sealed relationship between the reciprocal valve stem and the interior of the cylindrical housing 31 which is filled ' ~ ~
~5847~
with a fluid such as a silicone oil or the like (not illus-trated).
Secured to the valve stem within the cylindrical housing 31 is a dashpot type housing 37 including seals 38 thereby dividing the cylindrical housing or hydraulic cham-ber into a first part 39 and a second part 40.
Reference to Figure 5 will show details of this portion of the invention. A coiled helical compression spring (for example) 41 extends around a portion of the val-ve stem below housing 37 and reacts between the end 30 of the hydraulic chamber and the housing thereby normally ur-ging the housing together with the valve stem and valve, in the direction of the valve seat 24 and thereby normally maintaining the valve head 25 upon valve seat 24.
When sufficient pressure of drilling fluid from the surface, is present in order to overcome the pressure of the spring 41, the valve head together with the valve stem and housing 37, moves downwardly towards the drill bit and this movement is controlled by a passageway or bore hole 42 through the housing communicating between the first and se-cond chambers 39 and 40. A one-way spring loaded check val-., ",, ~ . . .
' ~ ~ ' . ' ' ,' ~
. .
ve 43 is provided within the bore hole 42 and this moves from its seat against pressure of the spring 44 thus allow-ing the transfer of fluid as the first part 39 decreases in volume and the second part 40 increases proportionally.
The diameter of the bore hole or passage 42 toge-ther with the nature of the ball valve and spring assembly 43 is such that a relatively fast transfer of fluid from the part 39 to the part 40 is permitted.
The valve remains in the open condition for as long as adequate pressure is applied in the downstream direction indicated by arrows 45.
However, upon removal of downstream pressure, the typical helical spring 41 together with such upstream pres-sure as may be present, acts in a direction to close the valve 25 upon seat 24. It will be observed that under these conditions the ball valve 43 ia c~osed so that the bore hole or passage 42 is closed.
.
Various time delays are built into the design of the device in order to control the time taken for the valve 25 to close upon seat 24 and in this embodiment, a bleed passage or jet valve assembly 46 is provided through the dashpot housing ;' .
' ; . ', ' - ~ :................. ~ . :
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~058477 37. The bleed passage 47 extends through the housing from the part 39 of the hydraulic chamber and an adjustable jet valve 48 screw threadably engages an enlarged other end 49 of the bleed passage 50 that the flow of fluid through the bleed passage is controlled within limits.
Typically, the valve 48 is adjusted so that a time delay of approximately four minutes occurs between the start of the closing valve 25 and the engagement thereof with the seat 24.
It will also be noted that the arrangement of parts of this assembly is such that the maintenance of the assembly is improved and that adequate seals are provided with respect to both the containment of the self-contained hydraulic fluid within the hydraulic chamber and the flow of fluid being con-trolled and automatically accommodating inadvertent changes, e.g. thermal expansion, in the volume of the contained hydrau-lic system. In this connection, a release valve (not illus-trated) may be incorporated.
In operation, the time delay float valve is contained in the lowermost section of the drill string with the drill bit connected to the lower end thereof.
.
- -' 105~3477 As the drill string is lowered into the fluid filled drill hole (for example, after a bit change), the valve 25 remains partially closed therefore permitting drilling fluid within the drill hole to enter the string from the bottom end, but excluding the larger solid matter.
Once at the bottom of the drill hole, the enrgizing of the surface "mud" pumps (not illustrated) forces drilling fluid down into the interior of the drill string creating a pres-sure that overcomes the helical spring pressure ~1 thereby permitting valve 25 to move from seat 24 as hydraulic fluid is transferred from the first part 39 to the second part 40 of the hydraulic chamber or housing 31. This is through the action of the spring loaded ball valve assembly 43 and the passageway 42 within the dashpot type housing 37.
.: ' As long as drilling fluid is circulating down through the drill string stem, through the bit and back to the surface through the bore hole annulus 14 (see Figure 1), the valve 25 remains in the open position. However, when the pressure is discontinued by the surface pump, a pres-sure differential will be created across the valve 25 so that force will be applied by the helical spring 41, in a direction to close the valve 25 upon the seat 24.
However, because the closing of the valve is con-trolled and delayed by the movement of the hydraulic fluid . - , : . -. . : ......... ::, . ..... .
.. - :. . .
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from the second part 40 to the first part 39 through the : bleed passage 47, there is a deliberate time delay intro-duced into the valve closing operation.
This will permit the "bleeding" of the pressure differential back to the surface through the interior of the drill string, followed after the time delay, by a posi-tive closing of the fluid flow path in the upstream direc-tion by means of valve 25 engaging seat 24.
This time delay may, as hereinbefore described, be -! 10 adjusted within limits, by means of the bleed screw 48.
It is preferable that the valve head 25 be formed from tungsten carbide or the like and that the valve seat 24 be formed from a similar material. In this connection, the valve seat 24 is preferably detachable and is inserted with-in a cylindrical recess 50 and held in position by means of a split ring 51 seated within an annular groove 52 with annular seal 53 being provided around the seat and the wall of the bottom sub 19 as clearly shown in Figure 5.
Mudcake and/or drilling cuttings or other matter may be removed by bleeding back any pressure through a sur-.
face valve up the drill stem and then moving the drill string up and down and/or rotating the string and regain-ing circulation, thus allowing a return to drilling.
Since various modifications can be made in our invention as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustra-tive only and not in a limiting sense.
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VALVE ASSEMBLY FOR THE REMOTE CONTROL OF FLUID FLOW HAVING
AN AUTOMATIC TIME DELAY __ BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to new and useful improve-ments in the remote control of fluid flow utilizing a valve incorporating an automatic time delay.
In certain industrial applications, it is benefi-cial to have control over a distant fluid flow in such a way that some predictable delay is incorporated automatically between the actuating means and the function being controlled.
Although the present description and drawings rela-te to oil well drilling, nevertheless the device can be used in other industrial applications.
In the drilling of petroleum exploratory wells, it i5 desirable to control and therefore prohibit, the passage of natural gas from the downhole drilling bit location to the earth's surface through the borehole annulus and also through the hollow drill stem itself.
Such ccmtrol is mandatory for the prevention of costly "blowouts" that may occur in the process of drilling ''' '~
:`
wells for the recovery of petroleum products.
Conventionally, control of gas flow through the bore-hole annulus is by means of "blowout preventers" in-stalled at the surface and some control is exercised over the passage of gas through the interior of the drill stem by means of a downhole "float valve" and the present inven-tion relates primarily to improvements in downhole "float valve" assemblies.
The present downhole float valve assemblies often ! 10 cause what is known as "hydraulic sticking" of the drill string. As the drill string is lowered into the borehole subsequen~ to bit changing or the like, the lower members of the drill string (the drill collars) often become coated ~;
with various matter (e.g. cuttings and/or mudcake) suspended in the drilling fluid and when the interior of the drill string is subjected to the drilling fluid pressure imposed by the surface pumps, the drilling fluid itself causes the down-hole float valve to open thereby permitting the passage of drilling fluid down through the drill bit and into the bore-hole annulus where it normally would proceed back to the sur-face.
However, the material in suspension in the annulus fluid sometimes becomes compressed upwardly as a result of ,.j ~ .... . , . . - - . .
:: . . :. - -.. , :: .. . . , : . . , : . : .
-~:: : :. ::
:~ :: : : - . : :.
:
lOS8~77 the surface pump pressure thus causing a complete or par-tial blocking of the annulus route intended for the return of the drilling fluid to the surface.
The continuing application of pressure by the sur-face pumps therefore causes a downhole force imbalance in such a direction as to cause the float valve to close there-by leaving a section of the downhole annulus, pressurized, resulting in a hydraulically "stuck" situation.
In float valve applications, the present state of ! 10 the art requires that some unlocking means by applied from the surface in order to break this hydraulic lock. Conven-tionally, a ball or dart or the like is dropped down the interior of the drill stem from the surface in order to at-tempt to open the valve, but this practice is generally un-lS predictable and unsatisfactory~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
~ . . .
The main purpose of the apparatus disclosed herein is to permit the balancing of the aforementioned downhole pressures by means of a float valve that incorporates an automatic time delay feature, such that bac~ pressure may be relieved up through the drill string while the valve .,. . ' : ~ . .~ .
::
~OS8~77 remains in an open condition for a predetermined length of time.
There is disclosed herein a time delayed float that may be installed at the lower end of a typical drill string and having the following features:
(a) The valve is normally closed or partially closed, and is influenced in this condition by means of a helical spring.
(b) The application, in the downstream direction, of nor-mal pressure exerted by surface pumps for the purpose of circulating drilling fluid down through the inte-rior of the drill stem, through the drill bit, and back to the surface through the bore hole annulus, will cause the present valve to open relatively quick-ly, permitting the unimpeded flow of drilling fluid.
(c) The removal of the pressure exerted by the surface pumps, creating at the bit a pressure differential in the reverse direction to that associated with nor~
mal drilling fluid circulation, will cause the present valve to close gradually (typically over a four minute period), thereby permitting th0 pressure to equalize between the annulus and the drill string interior at the bit.
.' .
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'' ~ ~ .-' '. '' .~,' ' ~',' ,' ~ ' ' .
(d) The contained helical spring or other source of axial pressure shall keep the valve in the closed condition - until adequate downstream pressure is once more applied.
(e) Additional pressure that may be encountered in, for example, a downhole gas-bearing formation, will act in an upstream direction such that addi~ional force is applied to keep the present valve in the closed posi-tion - preventing venting of such gas to the surface through the drill string.
(f) The partially closed valve will also prevent the flow of relatively large chips or other solids into the drill stem while the bit is being run to the bottom of the hole. This will reduce the possibility of sub-sequent plugging of the bit nozzles by matter suspended in the drilling fluid.
One aspect of the invention consists of a float valve assembly for the remote control of the fluid flow com-prising in combination a cylindrical casing, a fluid passage-way extending axially through said casing and a valve assem-bly within said passageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve ., :~ . , ~. ,: , ~ :
,. . .. .. ~ .
seat and sealing of said passageway, means normally main-taining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passageway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to control the movement of said valve from said seat and time delay means to con-trol the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pressure of fluid with-in said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
With the foregoing in view, and other advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this specification proceeds, the invention is hereby described by reference to the accompany-- 15 ing drawings forming a part hereof, which includes a descrip-tion of the preferred typical embodiment of the principles of the present invention, in which:-DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a cross sectional partially schematic view of the invention shown at the bottom of a bore hole.
Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal section and partially broken away view of the invention incorporated within a cylindrical casing.
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- ~ . ' .
: . ~ -., .~ , : - .
., - , .
:: . . . . . .
.
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.
Figure 3 is an end view of Figure 2 taken from the right-hand end thereof.
Figure 4 is an end view of Figure 2 taken from the left-hand end thereof.
Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectioned view of the valve assembly per se.
In the drawings like characters of reference in-dicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceedinq to describe the invention in detail, reference should first be made to Figure 1 in which the in-vention collectively designated 10 is situated immediately above a drill bit 11 to which it is attached. The drill string 12 is secured to the other end of the invention sub 10 and extends to the surface (not illustrated).
Within the bore hole 13, an annulus 14 is ~ormed around the invention sub and drill string and it is normal for drilling fluid to pass downwardly through the drill string, through the drill bit 11 and then upwardly through the annu-lus as shown by arrows 15.
As will be seen from the legend attached to Figure 1, back pressure sometimes builds up within the annulus as .
; ~ - -the passageway is blocked by mudcake or other suspended solids illustrated by reference character 16 thus causing, in conjunction with the float valve assembly 17, an hydrau-lic lock or an hydraulically "stuck" region between the float valve assembly and the blocking matter.
Reference should next be made to Figure 2 in which the invention collectively designated 10 comprises a sub-stantially cylindrical casing 18 taking the form of a top sub 19 threadably engageable with a bottom sub 20 by means of a modified tool joint 21.
!
A conventional tool joint 22 at one end of the top sub 19 permits the top sub to be connected to a lower end of the drill string in the usual manner and a similar tool joint 22A at one end of the bottom sub, enables the bit 15 to be secured thereto in the usual way.
Situated within the cylindrical casing 18 is the aforementioned float valve assembly collectively designated 17.
An axial passageway 23 extends through the subs 19 and 20 with the float valve assembly 17 being situated with-in the passageway.
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., : : .
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- . , .
~058~77 A conical valve seat 24 is provided at the lower end of the passageway 23 extending through the top sub 19 and a conical valve 25 normally engages within this valve seat 24 thus partially or completely closing off the passa-geway 23 unless sufficient pressure of fluid through passa-geway 23, is provided in order to lift the valve 25 from seat 24 as will hereinafter be described.
Situated within the bottom sub 20, is a cylindrical housing 26 held axially within the passageway 27 in the bot-tom sub, by means of top and bottom spiders 28 or the like and this cylindrical housing includes an upper closed end 29 and a lower closed end 30. The upper closed end is in the form of a cap screw threadably engaging the main cylindrical - portion 31 and the lower closed end 30 slidably engages over a shoulder formed on the lower end of the housing 31 and is held in position by means of set screws 32.
The valve head 25 includes a cylindrical valve stem 33 secured to the valve head 25 by means of set screws 34 ex-tending through a flanged end 35 of the valve stem and this cylindrical valve stem extends through the end caps 29 and 30 in a sliding relationship, seals 36 being provided to maintain a sealed relationship between the reciprocal valve stem and the interior of the cylindrical housing 31 which is filled ' ~ ~
~5847~
with a fluid such as a silicone oil or the like (not illus-trated).
Secured to the valve stem within the cylindrical housing 31 is a dashpot type housing 37 including seals 38 thereby dividing the cylindrical housing or hydraulic cham-ber into a first part 39 and a second part 40.
Reference to Figure 5 will show details of this portion of the invention. A coiled helical compression spring (for example) 41 extends around a portion of the val-ve stem below housing 37 and reacts between the end 30 of the hydraulic chamber and the housing thereby normally ur-ging the housing together with the valve stem and valve, in the direction of the valve seat 24 and thereby normally maintaining the valve head 25 upon valve seat 24.
When sufficient pressure of drilling fluid from the surface, is present in order to overcome the pressure of the spring 41, the valve head together with the valve stem and housing 37, moves downwardly towards the drill bit and this movement is controlled by a passageway or bore hole 42 through the housing communicating between the first and se-cond chambers 39 and 40. A one-way spring loaded check val-., ",, ~ . . .
' ~ ~ ' . ' ' ,' ~
. .
ve 43 is provided within the bore hole 42 and this moves from its seat against pressure of the spring 44 thus allow-ing the transfer of fluid as the first part 39 decreases in volume and the second part 40 increases proportionally.
The diameter of the bore hole or passage 42 toge-ther with the nature of the ball valve and spring assembly 43 is such that a relatively fast transfer of fluid from the part 39 to the part 40 is permitted.
The valve remains in the open condition for as long as adequate pressure is applied in the downstream direction indicated by arrows 45.
However, upon removal of downstream pressure, the typical helical spring 41 together with such upstream pres-sure as may be present, acts in a direction to close the valve 25 upon seat 24. It will be observed that under these conditions the ball valve 43 ia c~osed so that the bore hole or passage 42 is closed.
.
Various time delays are built into the design of the device in order to control the time taken for the valve 25 to close upon seat 24 and in this embodiment, a bleed passage or jet valve assembly 46 is provided through the dashpot housing ;' .
' ; . ', ' - ~ :................. ~ . :
: . . - :
~058477 37. The bleed passage 47 extends through the housing from the part 39 of the hydraulic chamber and an adjustable jet valve 48 screw threadably engages an enlarged other end 49 of the bleed passage 50 that the flow of fluid through the bleed passage is controlled within limits.
Typically, the valve 48 is adjusted so that a time delay of approximately four minutes occurs between the start of the closing valve 25 and the engagement thereof with the seat 24.
It will also be noted that the arrangement of parts of this assembly is such that the maintenance of the assembly is improved and that adequate seals are provided with respect to both the containment of the self-contained hydraulic fluid within the hydraulic chamber and the flow of fluid being con-trolled and automatically accommodating inadvertent changes, e.g. thermal expansion, in the volume of the contained hydrau-lic system. In this connection, a release valve (not illus-trated) may be incorporated.
In operation, the time delay float valve is contained in the lowermost section of the drill string with the drill bit connected to the lower end thereof.
.
- -' 105~3477 As the drill string is lowered into the fluid filled drill hole (for example, after a bit change), the valve 25 remains partially closed therefore permitting drilling fluid within the drill hole to enter the string from the bottom end, but excluding the larger solid matter.
Once at the bottom of the drill hole, the enrgizing of the surface "mud" pumps (not illustrated) forces drilling fluid down into the interior of the drill string creating a pres-sure that overcomes the helical spring pressure ~1 thereby permitting valve 25 to move from seat 24 as hydraulic fluid is transferred from the first part 39 to the second part 40 of the hydraulic chamber or housing 31. This is through the action of the spring loaded ball valve assembly 43 and the passageway 42 within the dashpot type housing 37.
.: ' As long as drilling fluid is circulating down through the drill string stem, through the bit and back to the surface through the bore hole annulus 14 (see Figure 1), the valve 25 remains in the open position. However, when the pressure is discontinued by the surface pump, a pres-sure differential will be created across the valve 25 so that force will be applied by the helical spring 41, in a direction to close the valve 25 upon the seat 24.
However, because the closing of the valve is con-trolled and delayed by the movement of the hydraulic fluid . - , : . -. . : ......... ::, . ..... .
.. - :. . .
: . . - ::. : ~
from the second part 40 to the first part 39 through the : bleed passage 47, there is a deliberate time delay intro-duced into the valve closing operation.
This will permit the "bleeding" of the pressure differential back to the surface through the interior of the drill string, followed after the time delay, by a posi-tive closing of the fluid flow path in the upstream direc-tion by means of valve 25 engaging seat 24.
This time delay may, as hereinbefore described, be -! 10 adjusted within limits, by means of the bleed screw 48.
It is preferable that the valve head 25 be formed from tungsten carbide or the like and that the valve seat 24 be formed from a similar material. In this connection, the valve seat 24 is preferably detachable and is inserted with-in a cylindrical recess 50 and held in position by means of a split ring 51 seated within an annular groove 52 with annular seal 53 being provided around the seat and the wall of the bottom sub 19 as clearly shown in Figure 5.
Mudcake and/or drilling cuttings or other matter may be removed by bleeding back any pressure through a sur-.
face valve up the drill stem and then moving the drill string up and down and/or rotating the string and regain-ing circulation, thus allowing a return to drilling.
Since various modifications can be made in our invention as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustra-tive only and not in a limiting sense.
- .. ~ ~:
;
Claims
WHAT WE CLAIM AS OUR INVENTION IS:
(1) A float valve assembly for the remote control of the fluid flow comprising in combination a cylindrical casing, a fluid passageway extending axially through said casing and a valve assembly within said passageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve seat and sealing of said passa-geway, means normally maintaining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passa-geway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to con-trol the movement of said valve from said seat and time de-lay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pres-sure of fluid within said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
(2) The invention according to Claim 1 which in-cludes a stem extending from said valve towards said other portion of said passageway, a fluid containing cylinder having closed ends, mounted axially within said other portion of said passageway, said valve stem extending axially through said cylinder and being in sealing reciprocal relationship with the closed ends of said cylinder, said means to control the movement of said valve and said time delay means both being situated within said cylinder.
(3) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow.
(4) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said time de-lay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of the cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon said valve seat.
(5) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon valve seat.
(6) The invention according to Claim 4 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(7) The invention according to Claim 5 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(8) The invention according to Claims 2, 3 or 4 in which said spring means comprises a helical coil compres-sion spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(9) The invention according to Claims 5, 6 or 7 in which said spring means comprises a helical coil compres-sion spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(10) In a float valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow and which includes a cylindrical cas-ing, and a fluid passageway extending through said casing, the improvement comprising a valve assembly within said pas-sageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve seat and sealing of said passageway, means normally maintaining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passageway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to control the movement of said valve from said seat and time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pres-sure of fluid within said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
(11) The invention according to Claim 10 which in-cludes a stem extending from said valve towards said oth er portion of said passageway, a fluid containing cylinder having closed ends, mounted axially within said other portion of said passageway, said valve stem extending axially through said cylinder and being in sealing reciprocal relationship with the closed ends of said cylinder, said means to control the movement of said valve and said time delay means both being situated within said cylinder.
(12) The invention according to Claim 11 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylin-der into a first part and a second part, said means to con-trol the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow.
(13) The invention according to Claim 11 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylin-der into a first part and a second part, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communica-ting between said first and second part of the cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon said valve seat.
(14) The invention according to Claim 12 which includes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon valve seat.
(15) The invention according to Claim 13 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(16) The invention according to Claim 4 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(17) The invention according to Claims 11, 12 or 13 in which said spring means comprises typically a helical coil compression spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(18) The invention according to Claims 14, 15 or 16 in which said spring means comprises typically a hemical coil compression spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(1) A float valve assembly for the remote control of the fluid flow comprising in combination a cylindrical casing, a fluid passageway extending axially through said casing and a valve assembly within said passageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve seat and sealing of said passa-geway, means normally maintaining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passa-geway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to con-trol the movement of said valve from said seat and time de-lay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pres-sure of fluid within said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
(2) The invention according to Claim 1 which in-cludes a stem extending from said valve towards said other portion of said passageway, a fluid containing cylinder having closed ends, mounted axially within said other portion of said passageway, said valve stem extending axially through said cylinder and being in sealing reciprocal relationship with the closed ends of said cylinder, said means to control the movement of said valve and said time delay means both being situated within said cylinder.
(3) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow.
(4) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said time de-lay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of the cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon said valve seat.
(5) The invention according to Claim 2 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon valve seat.
(6) The invention according to Claim 4 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(7) The invention according to Claim 5 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(8) The invention according to Claims 2, 3 or 4 in which said spring means comprises a helical coil compres-sion spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(9) The invention according to Claims 5, 6 or 7 in which said spring means comprises a helical coil compres-sion spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(10) In a float valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow and which includes a cylindrical cas-ing, and a fluid passageway extending through said casing, the improvement comprising a valve assembly within said pas-sageway dividing said passageway into one portion above said valve assembly and another portion below said valve assembly, said valve assembly including a valve seat in said passageway, a valve normally engaging said valve seat and sealing of said passageway, means normally maintaining said valve upon said seat until a predetermined pressure of fluid through said passageway from said one portion thereof, moves said valve from said seat against the pressure of said means, means to control the movement of said valve from said seat and time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat when back pressure of fluid from said other portion of said passageway below said valve is greater than the pres-sure of fluid within said one portion of said passageway above said valve seat.
(11) The invention according to Claim 10 which in-cludes a stem extending from said valve towards said oth er portion of said passageway, a fluid containing cylinder having closed ends, mounted axially within said other portion of said passageway, said valve stem extending axially through said cylinder and being in sealing reciprocal relationship with the closed ends of said cylinder, said means to control the movement of said valve and said time delay means both being situated within said cylinder.
(12) The invention according to Claim 11 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylin-der into a first part and a second part, said means to con-trol the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow.
(13) The invention according to Claim 11 which in-cludes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylin-der into a first part and a second part, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communica-ting between said first and second part of the cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon said valve seat.
(14) The invention according to Claim 12 which includes a dashpot type housing secured to said valve stem and reciprocal within said cylinder thereby dividing said cylinder into a first part and a second part, said means to control the movement of said valve from said seat including a bore hole extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, and a one-way valve operatively mounted in said bore hole, said one-way valve opening when said first mentioned valve is moving away from said valve seat thereby transferring fluid between said first and second part of said cylinder at a predetermined rate of flow, said time delay means to control the movement of said valve onto said seat includes a bleed passage extending through said housing and communicating between said first and second part of said cylinder, the rate of flow through said bleed passage, when said valve is moving towards said valve seat, controlling a time delay of the closing of said valve upon valve seat.
(15) The invention according to Claim 13 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(16) The invention according to Claim 4 in which said bleed passage includes an adjustable valve for varying the rate of flow of fluid therethrough and hence the time delay of the closing of said first mentioned valve upon said valve seat.
(17) The invention according to Claims 11, 12 or 13 in which said spring means comprises typically a helical coil compression spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
(18) The invention according to Claims 14, 15 or 16 in which said spring means comprises typically a hemical coil compression spring surrounding said valve stem within said cylinder and reacting between one end of said cylinder and one end of said housing and normally urging said housing and hence said valve, towards said valve seat.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA313,370A CA1058477A (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1978-10-13 | Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow having an automatic time delay |
| GB7935298A GB2036131B (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1979-10-11 | Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow with an automatic time delay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA313,370A CA1058477A (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1978-10-13 | Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow having an automatic time delay |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1058477A true CA1058477A (en) | 1979-07-17 |
Family
ID=4112597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA313,370A Expired CA1058477A (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1978-10-13 | Valve assembly for the remote control of fluid flow having an automatic time delay |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1058477A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2036131B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2506384A1 (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1982-11-26 | Christensen Inc | SAFETY VALVE FOR DRILL STEM TRAIN |
| WO1991006743A1 (en) * | 1989-10-24 | 1991-05-16 | Lineham Donald H | Bottom hole blowout preventer |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8326961D0 (en) * | 1983-10-08 | 1983-11-09 | Hogarth P J M | Bore-hole drilling device |
| GB8922302D0 (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1989-11-15 | Gullett Paul D M | The control of'u'tubing in the flow of cement in oil well casings |
| US5687792A (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1997-11-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill pipe float valve and method of manufacture |
| US6622795B2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-09-23 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Flow actuated valve for use in a wellbore |
| CN112554795B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2023-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pulse jet flow damping and pressure reducing device and use method thereof |
-
1978
- 1978-10-13 CA CA313,370A patent/CA1058477A/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-10-11 GB GB7935298A patent/GB2036131B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2506384A1 (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1982-11-26 | Christensen Inc | SAFETY VALVE FOR DRILL STEM TRAIN |
| US4391328A (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1983-07-05 | Christensen, Inc. | Drill string safety valve |
| WO1991006743A1 (en) * | 1989-10-24 | 1991-05-16 | Lineham Donald H | Bottom hole blowout preventer |
| GB2244505A (en) * | 1989-10-24 | 1991-12-04 | Donald Hugh Lineham | Bottom hole blowout preventer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2036131A (en) | 1980-06-25 |
| GB2036131B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
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