CA1058430A - Lined denture and method of manufacturing - Google Patents
Lined denture and method of manufacturingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1058430A CA1058430A CA203,263A CA203263A CA1058430A CA 1058430 A CA1058430 A CA 1058430A CA 203263 A CA203263 A CA 203263A CA 1058430 A CA1058430 A CA 1058430A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- deflectably
- prosthetic
- hard
- layer
- formable
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A prosthetic denture is provided. It includes an assembly of prosthetic teeth having a hard base prosthetic gum structure cast and bonded thereto. The prosthetic gum structure has a recess which is adapted to align generally with a toothless human gum area. A deflectably formable soft layer is disposed in the recess, the soft layer having a conforming recess adapted generally to fit a human gum area. The margin-al edges of the soft layer are bonded to the prosthetic base gum structure.
An impression formed layer of hardenable material covers the soft layer of deflactably formable material. Methods of are also provided for producing and fitting these dentures.
A prosthetic denture is provided. It includes an assembly of prosthetic teeth having a hard base prosthetic gum structure cast and bonded thereto. The prosthetic gum structure has a recess which is adapted to align generally with a toothless human gum area. A deflectably formable soft layer is disposed in the recess, the soft layer having a conforming recess adapted generally to fit a human gum area. The margin-al edges of the soft layer are bonded to the prosthetic base gum structure.
An impression formed layer of hardenable material covers the soft layer of deflactably formable material. Methods of are also provided for producing and fitting these dentures.
Description
- lOS8~30 Thi5 invention relates to prosthetic dentures and methods ~or producing the same Various prosthetic dentures have been produced by setting groups of individual teeth in hard base structures. Final impression fittin8 of such hard base structures have been generally performed by inserting the hard base structure into the mouth of a patient with various impression taking materials. Subsequently, the impressions are utilized for prod-ucing a suitable recess adapted precisely to fit a toothless gum area of a patient from which the impression is taken.
Various attemps have been made to provide economical prosthetic dentures and some of them have utilized elastomeric material surrounding prosthetic teeth; however, it has been found that deflection of the elastomeric material around the teeth permits food to become disposed between the elastomeric material and the prosthetic teeth during the mastication of various foods when the denture is utilized for such purposes in the human mouth. It ls now obvious that elastomeric material which is not intimately bonded to an assembly of prosthetic teeth permits food to become disposed in many areas between the elastomeric prosthetic gum structure and the prosthetic teeth during mastication. Due to the fact that the elastomeric material tends resiliently to hold the particles in the rece~ses adjacent the teeth, they are very dificult to keep clean and to maintain them free of bacterial growth and other undesirable conditions.
~ eretofore, impressions of a toothless gum area have been made and it has been common practice to produce hard base dentures in accord-ance with such impressions; however, due to the mass of material involved in producing a hard base dent~re, it has been difficult to allow such hard base material to cure in a person's mouth in an impression taking position, and thus costly and complex methods have always been resorted to in the production of a prosthetic denture. Many of the plastic materials which are hardenable are utilized for producing a prosthetic gum struc~ure ad~acent to prosthetic teeth and due to the structural mass requirements the amount of plastic material to be cured in connection with the prosthetic - . ~ ,, , :
teeth i8 such aæ to cause discu~fort of a patient ~nd thereby preventing the complete impression taking and curi~g of the hard base structure in a patient's mouth.
Additionally, the prior art has employed elastomeric ma~erial which is curable at a low t~mperature in a person's mouth for taking impressions therein, and many such materials are only intimately bond-able to a like material but not readily bondable to a hard base plsstic material, such as, for example, an acrylic material or the like. Dentures produced in this ~anner have encountered functional difficul~ies herein-before described, in that the food particles are collected between the elastomeric material and the prosthetic teeth during mastication of food in the mouth of a person ~earing such prior art prosthetic dentures.
Some prior art prosthetic dentures have been produced with hard rigid palate portions adapted to be placed ad~acent the palatal vault of a person'~ mouth and due to the various configurations of persons' mouths2 these hard palate portions have been Imsatisfactory since in many cases relatively thick liners have caused the hard palate area to become quite thick, which tends to create speech as well as mastication problems.
Accordingly, it is sn object of one aspect of the inventlon to provide economical prosthetic dentures nnd methods for economically producing the same, and accurately fitting the denture to the toothless gums of a human patient.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a prosthetic denture haveing prosthetic teeth all integral with each other and in a unitary assembly and bonded to a hard base, and wherein the hard base is provided with a toothless gum fitting recess in which an elastomeric layer is disposed and accurately impression recessed to fit said toothless gum area, and wherein means is provided for substantially preventing food particles from becoming disposed between the hard base and the elastomeric layer.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide ~ 58430 a novel meth~d of casting a layer of hard plastic over a deflect~bly forma-ble layer of a hard base denture by takiny successive inpressions with the deflectably formable layer and the hard plastic layer, and wherein the - hard plastic layer is encapsulated over the elastameric layer and honded to the ~ase denture thereover.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a method for producing prosthetic dentures wherein a hard base prosthetic gum structure is konded to an assembly of prosthetic teeth; a soft layer is bonded to the hard kase and is of deflectably formable material sub]ect to thermal setting action or the like and whereby the deflectahly formable layer is located in a person's mouth and deflected into close fitting and hardenable material is placed on the soft layer and reinserted in the mouth and allowed to cure into a hard impression fitted liner.
e invention in one of its aspects provides an artificial den-ture which includes the combination of: a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; said assembly having crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum structure; a hard prosthetic generally U-shaped gum structure b~nded to said second areas;
said prosthetic kase structure having a generally U-shaped in cross sec-tion recess coextensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of soft deflectably formable material in said U-shap~d recess, said deElectably ~orn~able ma-terial having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a tooth- .
less gum area; wherein said prosthetic kase s-tructure and said deflectably formable layer are so coupled together as substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween.
By one variant thereof, the artificial denture incl~des a layer of ' hard cured material having an impression formed recess conformingly shaped ; to fit a toothless gum area; said layer of hard cured l~terial bein~
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, -, konded to said deflectably formable material.
By another variant, the generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth are all integral with each other and of a common casting; wherein said soft deflectably formable material is a cured elasto-meric material, said elastomeric material having marginal edges and an impression recess conformingly shaped to fit a toothless human gum area and including means sealingly coupling peripheral areas of said hard prosthe-tic gum structure and said marginal edges of said layer of elastoneric ma-terial to prevent food particles from entering thereketween.
~y still another variant, the prosthetic gum structure is a permanent substantially rigid hard prosthetic gum structure; wherein said soft deflectably formable material has marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area; wherein peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectably for-mable layer are sealingly ooupled substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; and wherein said denture is provided with a palatal vault portion disEosed rearwardly of said terminus portion; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped kase structure; said palatal vault portion being formed only of said deflectably formable material and being capable of being easily de-flectably formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of h~an mouths for pre-limunary .impression forming of said deflectably formable material.
By still another variant, the artificial denture includes a liner of hard material having i~pression fitting cDnfiguration relative to a human palatal vault area bonded to said deflectably formable layer in conforn~nce with an impression configuration thereof.
By still another variant, the peripheral areas of said deflecta-bly formable material are sealingly coupled substantially to prevent food 4~ - 4 -'~
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particles from entering therebetween; wherein said base structure extends and has a terminuS portion disposed a short distance rearwardly relative to the foremost or incisor teeth of said assembly; wherein said deflectably formable material is faired into said terminus portion of said hard base material, thereby to form a smooth transitory surface in said palatal vault area at a lower surface which is disposed to be adjacent the human tongue.
The invention in another of its aspects provides a novel method for providing an artificial denture, comprising the steps of: forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth, said teeth having 10 crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a pxosthe-tic gum structure; casting a hard prosthetic gum structure to said second areas; casting a first, generally U-shaped recess in said prosthetic gum structure, adapted generally to align with a toothless gum area; forming and bonding a layer of relatively soft deflectably formable material to said U-shaped recess; and forming a second U-shaped recess in said deflectably formable material adapted generally to fit a toothless gum area of a human patient.
By a variant of this method, the method includes the steps of:
simultaneously casting and bonding said hard prosthetic base gum structure 20 to said second areas, with a generally U-shaped recess in said base pros-thetic gum structure adapted to receive a toothless h~lman gum area; forming said layer of deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess by sub-stantially curing said deflectably formable material therein, while in a person's mouth, and thereby impression forming a recess in said deflectably formable material in conformity to a toothless human gum area; and surround-ing adjacent edges of said prosthetic gum structure and said deflectably formable material by means of a layer of elastomeric material to hold said uncured material in said U-shaped recess until an impression is made and _ 5_ , , . : ,': , ., ~ . :,. . .
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until said deflectably forn~ble material has at least partially cured into a gvm conformung recess.
By yet another variant, the method includes the steps of:
bonding a generally U-shaped hard base structure to said assembly of hard prosthetic teeth providing a terminus of said hard base structure disFosed a short distance rearwardly of the incisor areas of said assembly of said prosthetic teeth; b~nding a soft deflectably formable layer onto said per-manent hard base and extending said deflectably formable layer over a pala-tal vault area so as to bridge said U-shaped base rearwardly of said ter-minus to provide a soft deflectably formable palate vault portion bonded tosaid base; inserting said base and deflectably formable layer into a.
patient's mouth and deflectably forming said deflectably formable palate vault portion into close proximity to the palate vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectably forming remaining portions of said layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on soft deflectably formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth and impression forming the hard uncured materia~ into an impression conformance wi~h the palatal vault and the toothless g~m area of the patient's mouth and allowing the uncured hardenable liner to harden over the deflectably formable layer and to bond ~tereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the featurcs of the palatal vault area and the toothless gunt area of the mouth.
By a variation thereof, the soft deflectably formable layer is heated before insertion in the patient's mouth to allow ease of deflectably fonning of said layer including said palatal vault portion into close conformity to the features of the person's mouth.
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The invent:ion in anotller of its aspects comprises a method of casting a unitary integral assembly of prosthetic teeth, then casting a hard base oI acrylic or other suitable plastic thereon, then casting a soft impression layer on the hard base with it and the prosthetic teeth in the mouth of a person so as to make an impression in the soft layer which is of uncured hardenable material, either elastomeric or such material as soft deflectably formable acrylic material which pro-vides a soft layer, impression accurate, recess adapted to fit toothless gums of a patient.
The method of another aspect of this invention also relates to the lining of the soft layer of material by a hard plastic layer, both of which may be accurately formed by taking impressions in the mouth of a patient in connection with the hard base carrying the pros-thetic teeth.
Another aspect of this invention provides a method for producing an artificial denture, comprising: forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth bonding a permanent generally U-shaped hard base structure to such assembly of hard prosthetic teeth and providing a terminus of such hard base structure disposed a short distance rear-wardly oE the incisor areils oE such assembly of such prostlletic teeth;
bonding a soEt deElectlbly Eormable layer onto SUCtl permanent hard base and extending such deflectibly formable layer over a palatal vault area so as to abridge such U-shaped base rearwardly oE such termlnus to provide a soft deflectibly formable palate vault portion bonded to such base; inserting such base and deflectibly formable layer into a patient's mouth and deflectibly forming such deflectibly formable palate vault ::
portion into close proximity to the palatal vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectibly forming remaining portions of such layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of a patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on the soft deflectibly formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth an impression forming the hard uncured . .
-0584~0 material into an impression conformanc~ with the palatal vault and the toothless gum area of the patient'6 mouth and allowing the unc~red hardenable liner to harden over the deflectibly formable layer and to bond thereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the features of the palatal vault area and the toothless gu~ area of the mouth.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly of prosthetic teeth all formed of one casting and integral with each other;
Fig. 2 is sn enlarged transverse sectional view taken from the line 2-2 of FLg. 1, showing a mold structure in surrounding rela-tionship with prosthetic teeth and showing the manner in which the assembly of Fig. 1 is cast in a resilient mold;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken from the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing the structure of the prosthetic tooth assembly on a large scale;
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevational view of sn assembly of prosthetic teeth taken from the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 iB an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing ~he assembly of prosthetic teeth disclosed in Fig. 1 of the drawings in a resilient mold, and showing a hard base structure cast into bonded relationship with the prosthetic teeth;
Fig. 6 is the result of the steps shown in Fig. S of the drawings, illustrAting an assembly of prosthetic teeth with a hard base structure cast thereon and having a recess generally sdapted to receive the toothless gum area of a human patient;
Fig. 7 i6 an enlarged fragmentary sectionsl view taken from the line 7-7 of Fig. 6 and showing the addition of an elastomeric layer of material formed by the impression process in the recess of the hard base structure shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing a modification of an aspect of this invention wherein a hard plastic layer is impression formed over an elastomeric layer such as sXown in Fig. 7 of the drawings ~ _ 7 _ - :
3~058430 and wherein the hard plastic layer is bonded to the hard base which is cast onto the assenbly of prosthetic teeth, as shown in the illustra-tion of Fig. S;
- 7a -' ,, ' ': ' .. ' : : ~ ' ' 1C~58430 Fig. 9 is a furtlier modification of an aspect of this inventioll - wherein an e]astomeric layer of material is disposed on the outer perimeter portions of the hard base structure shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings and wherein a layer of hardenable plastic is impression formed in the recess of the hard base material and this hard plastic layer is retained in place by said elastomeric material in surrounding relation with the hard base struc-ture whereby the elastomeric material holds the hardenable layer in place during the taking of an impression in a person's mouth and during the curing thereof into a shape conforming with the toothless gums of the patient;
Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but showing another preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a bottom plan view of the denture shown in Fig. 10 and taken from the line 11-11 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken from the line 12-12 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken from the line 13-13 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 12 but showing a hard liner bonded to the soft deflectable layer of material shown in Fig. 12; and Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 13 and showing a hard liner bonded to the soft deflectably formable layer of material as shown in Fig. 13.
As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, a U-shaped assembly of arti-ficial teeth designated 20 is cast or otherwise formed so as to provide a substantially rigid U-shaped assembly of prosthetic teeth onto which a hard base may be s~bsequently Cflst or bonded. The assembly of prosthetic teeth 20 is preferably cast or formed in a mold having two parts 22 and 24 which are readily separable and these parts may be made of various resilient materials capable of : : :
lOS8~30 being sepnrated to provide relief for the remo~al of the assembly 20 from the mold formed by the two part~ which separate at 26.
It will be appreciated that other methods may be employed to assemble an integral group of prosthetic teeth of a set of individual pros-thetic teeth into a generally ~-shaped assembly and generally conforming to the usual disposition of mandiblary and/or maxillary teeth arrangements. As shown in Figs. 1, 3 ~nd 4 of the drawings, the individual prosthetic teeth 28 are interconnected by an integral bar 30 which is cast integral therewith and the ~eeth 28, as well as the bar 30, may be made of acrylic plastic ma-terial or any other suitable material as desired~ The prosthetic teeth 28 ; are integral with each other at adjacent areas 32 all as shown best in Figs.
3 and 4 of the drawings. The prosthetic teeth are provided with substanti-ally conventional incisor and crown areas and also second areas 35. The second areas 35 are cast into and bonded to the hard base, as will be here-inafter described. Immediately above the area 32 and below the bar 30, a generally wedge shaped opening 34 is provided between each of the prosthetic ` teeth 28 so as to afford an anchor area for hard base material to be cast around or bonded around said second area or upper portions 35 of the pros-thetic teeth 28, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13 of the drawings, and as will be hereinafter described in detail. After the U-shaped assembly of integral prosthetic teeth 28 has been cast, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the hard base plastic material may be cast around the normally upper or base portions of the prosthetic teeth 28 so as to cast or mold the hard base material in the openings 34 and below the respective bar portions 30 which extend between the teeth 28 as shown in Fig. 24 of the drawings. Thus, the bese material may be firmly and securely anchored to the U-shaped assembly 20 of prosthetic teeth 28.
The U-shaped assembly 20, as shown in Fig. 5 of the , _ ? _ g _ ~ .
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drawings, is placed in a separable mold having two portions 36 and 38, separa-ble along a line 40, and this mold is provided with a cavity area 42 adapted for orming a hard base 44 around the bar 30 and the base portions of the prosthetic teeth 28, and the portion 36 of the mold is provided with a mold portion 46 adapted to form a recess generally to fit the gum area of the max-illary ridge of a human mouth, and it will be obvious that molds similar to the molds 36 and 38 may be used to form a hard base such as the base 44 to fit the mandiblary ridge and the too~,hless gum area thereon and therefore only the artificial denture for fitting the maxillary ridge is disclosed here-in.
As shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, it will be seen that the hardbase 44 is cast in the openings 34 around the bar 30 in order to fully anchor the hard base 44 onto the assembly 20 of integral prosthetic teeth 28.
As an alternate method, individual prosthetic teeth may be placed in a mold such as shown in Fig. 5 and the hard base 44 may be cast against and bonded to the second areas 35 of the prosthetic teeth.
The hard base 44 may be made of any suitable material such as, for "
example, acrylic plastic or the like and when the prosthetic teeth 28, to-gether with the base 44, are removed from the mold structures 36 and 38, the base 44 together with the prosthetic teeth 28 may appear as a unitary struc-ture as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. This unitary structure, at the upper portion of the base 44, is provlded with a recess 48 formed by the por-tion 46 of the mold 36 and thi,s re~cess 48 is generally formed loosely to fit the mandiblary ridge area occupied by the toothless gum of the human mouth.
The hard base 44, with the prosthetic teeth 28, as shown in Fig. 7, may then be inserted into a person's mouth with a layer of uncured elastomer-ic or deflectably formable material 50 resting ~,.
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in the U-shaped recess 48 and when inserted in the patient's mouth the tooth-less gum area over the mandiblary ridge may be impressed into the soft un-cured elastomeric material to form an impression recess 52 which precisely conforms with the toothless gum area over the maxillary ridge and thus final fitting of the denture, as shown in Fig. 7, may be accomplished.
The hard base 44 is provided with an interlocking recess 54 near the peripheral or marginal edge portion 56 thereof, and the uncured elastomer-ic material is impression formed into the groove 54 so that an interlocking portion 58 thereof is interlocked in the groove 54 and after the elastomeric material has been cured, the marginal edge 60 may be cemented to the marginal ; edge 56 of the hard denture 44 by epoxy or other material so as to prevent the entrance of food particles therebetween.
It will be understood that the elastomeric material 50 may be im-pression formed in the mouth and cured therein or may be removed after the impression is taken in order to complete the curing of the elastomeric mater-ial after the prosthetic denture has been removed from the patient's mouth.
Another aspect of the invention as shown in Fig. 8 comprises the assembly of prosthetic teeth 28 bonded to the hard base 44 as hereinbefore described, and a layer of elastomeric material designated 62 is similar to the layer 50 hereinbefore described, and a marginal edge 64 of the elastomeric ; layer 62 is trimmed back from the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44, and a second layer of hardenable plastic materia]. 66 is placed over the elastomer-ic layer 62 and inserted in the human mouth so that an impression recess 68 may be formed in the!hardenab]e plastic 66 closely to conform to the maxillary ridge area and the toothless gum area thereover.
In the structure shown in Fig. 8, the layer of hardenable plastic material 66 extends over the cut back edge 64 of the . -... ~ . ~ .. . .
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~OS8430 el~stomeric layer 62 and a portion 70 of the layer 66 extends over themarginal edge portion 56 o the hard base 44, and is bonded ~hereto, so as to cover the marginal edge 64 of the elastomeric layer 62 and thereby sub-stantially completely to encapsulate it and substantially prevent any entrance of food particles between it and the hard base 44~
It will be understood that the hardenable plastic material 66 may be acrylic and may ultimately cure to a hardness comparable to that of the hard base 44 and thus the soft elastomeric layer 62 preliminarily impression formed in the recess 48 serves as a support for holding the hardenable layer 66 of plastic material until it has been impression formed and partially hardened so that it may readily be removed from the patient's mouth and there-after cured to a completely hardened state which is substantially harder than the elastomeric layer 62 and comparable to the hardness of the hard base 44 and the prosthetic teeth 28. It will be understood that the layer 66 may be made of acrylic material, if desired.
As shown in Fig. 9Oof the drawings, the hard base 44 carrying the prosthetic teeth 28 may be provided with a layer of hardenable acrylic ma-terial designated 72 and this layer initially may be uncured and carried in the recess 48 of the hard base 44. It may then be placed in a person~s mouth while a surrounding band of elastomeric material 74 covers the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44 for retaining the uncured layer of plastic mater-ial 72 while the impression is taken relative to the toothless gum area over the maxillary ridge, and when the impression is taken ~he entlre assembly may be removed from the mouth so that the impression taken in the layer 72 may be cured while the elastomeric band 74 holds the peripheral portion of the plastic 72 and then~after the plastic layer 72 has cured, the elastomeric layer 74 may be stripped away to expose the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44.
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lOS8430 rt will be understood ~hat the layer 72, bc-ing made of acrylic or other material, will bond very closely and tenaciously to the hard base 44 and will therefore be substantially sealed against the entry of food particles between the layer and the base.
The assembly 20 of prosthetic teeth 28 may be made of the material known by the Trade Mark of Celcon Acetal Copolymer M270-04. This material is manufactured by Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York, New York. The foregoing is merely an example of the type of material which may be used to produce the prosthetic teeth 28 in their integral generally U-shaped assembly 20.
The relatively hard base 44, as hereinbefore described, is prefera-bly made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and this resin is known by the Trade Mark of EVA 507 and is also manufactured by Union Carbide Corpora-tion, above referred to.
The soft elastomeric or deflectably formable material 52 and 62,hereinbefore referred to, is known by the Trade Mark of "Truliner", manufac-tured by Harry T. Bosworth Company, Chicago, Illinois, or that known by the Trade Mark of "Flexa-Cryl" as manufactured by Langs Corporation, 820 W.
Montrose, Chicago, Illinois, or that known by the Trade Mark of "Coe-Soft"
as manufactured by Coe Laboratories, East Chicago, Illinois.
The dentures of aspects of this invention, as disclosed in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, are different species, all having various advantages in the manu-facture and fitting of prosthetlc dentLIres~ and ln accordance with the methods of yet other aspects of this invention the casting of the assembly of teeth 20, all integral with each other, and then the casting of the hard base 44 thereon, in interlocking relation therewith, and then the final impression fitting of the denture to a toothless gum area of a person's mouth may be accomplished as described in connection with Figs. 7, 8 and 9. The soft elastomeric layer 52 shown in Fig 7 may be a final impression fitting ~ ~ .
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accomplislled by :irnpression fitLlng in the mollth, and tile secondary method for producillg the denture as sho~n :in Fig. 8 of the drawings - 13a -.
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105~3430 encloses the casting of the tceth and then the base 44 thereon, then the elastomeric layer 62 is impression fitted on the toothless gum area of the patient's mouth, and then the hardenable hard plastic 66 is impression fitted in the person's mouth on the toothless gum area, preliminary to hardening thereof, and then it is removed and allowed to harden while the peripheral edge 56 of the hard base 44 is bonded to the peripheral portion 70 of the hard layer 66 after it is impression formed and cure hardened. In the method as shown in Fig. 9, the elastomeric strip 74 is formed on the periphery of the hard base 44 so as to hold and retain marginal edge portions of the hardenable layer 72 of the plastic material which ultimately bonds to the base 44 and is relatively hard material as compared to the elastomeric band 74 which is stripped from the hard base material 44 after the layer 72 has cured into an impression configuration following the removal thereof from the person's mouth after taking an impression.
The assembly 20 of the integral prosthetic teeth 28 may be provided with the hard base 44 as described in connection with Fig. 5 of the drawings, and thereafter the artificial denture of an aspect of this invention may either be fitted hy the patient himself or fitted by a dentist in accordance with the teachings described in connection with Figs. 7, 8 or 9, depending upon the method which is desired to be used and whether or not a soft elas-tomeric liner adjacent the toothless gum area and over the maxillary or mandi-blary ridges is desired. The bonding of the peripheral edges of the elas-tomeric layer 52 to the hard base 44 by an epoxy effectively and substanti-ally prevents the entrance of material between the hard base and the soft liner, and the methods shown in Figs. 8 and 9 provide for a hard impression liner precisely fitted to the toothless gum area and impression formed so that a hard liner may be provided if desired, and all of these may either be performed by a patient or by a dental technician or dentist in such a manner .. . .
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~: ' 1(~58430 as to provide ultimate ecollollly and very accurate ritting of prosthetic den-tures to a person's mouth.
A preferred embodiment of one aspect of this invention comprises a prosthetic denture such as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. This pros-thetic denture is designated generally 72 and as s~own in Figs. 11 and 12, an assembly of prosthetic teeth 74 are cast into and bonded to a hard base structure 76. The prosthetic teeth 74 and the hard base structure 76 are preferably of an acrylic material such as, for example, manufactured by Coe Laboratories, Inc., Chicago, Illinois 60658. Also, this hard base material may be such as manufactured by Cosmos Dental Products, Inc., 4330 22nd Street, Long Island City, New York. Thus a preferred aspect of the invention includes a hard base prosthetic gum structure 76 to which are bonded an as-sembly of prosthetic teeth 74 and this hard base and assembly may be molded in a similar manner as shown in Fig. 5 wherein a generally U-shaped recess 78 is formed generally to correspond and coextend with a toothless gum area of a patient. As shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the central area 79 of the hard base 76 is generally open and is provided with a terminus 80 located a short distance behind the incisor or front teeth and thus the hard base 76 is generally U-shaped, all as shown best in Figs. 11 and 12.
; 20 Bonded to the hard base 76 is a soft deflectable layer 82 and this layer 82 is made of material compatible with the material of the hard base 76 and preferably of deflectably formable acry]ic material such as that known by the Trade Mark of "Super Soft" acryllc manufactured by Coe Lsbor~-tories, Inc., hereinbefore referred to. Additionally, such soft deflectable material is manufactured by William Getz-Corporation, Chicago, Illinois.
Accordingly, the soft layer 82 is bonded to the U-shaped recess 78 of the hard base 76 and the soft layer 82 is provided with a U-shaped recess 84 which is adapted generally to fit a .
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lOS8430 toothless gum arca of a patient and is generally coextensive with the assem-bly of prosthetic teeth 74. The soft layer 82 is provided with a palatal vault palate portion 86 which abridges the open area 79 of the hard base 76, all as shown best in Figs. 11, 12 and 14. The soft layer 82 is provided with a rim 88 generally surrounding the recess 84 and the denture as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 may be produced in a variety of sizes such that the re-cess 84 may generally fit various patients.
In accordance with the method of an aspect of this invention, this denture 8S shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 may be fitted to a patient's mouth as follows, and the structure may be completed as shown in Figs~ 14 and 15, in the following manner and in accord~nce with the method of the invention:
An artificial denture, such as shown in Fig. 12 of the appropriate size generally to fit a patient's toothless gum area is selected and the soft layer 32 which is deflectably formable is heated in hot water or the like to render it readily pliable and thermal settable. The denture is then placed in the patient's mouth and the rim 88 of the soft layer 82 is de-flectably formed into close conformance with the toothless gum area of the patient while the palatal vault palate portion 86 is formed upwardly into intimate contact with the palatal vault of the patient's mouth, and then the denture is removed and the soft layer 82 is chilled and a hard liner material designated 90 in Figs. 14 and 15 is placed on the soft layer 82. This material 90 is similar to the hard acrylic material of the hard base 76 and is initially placed on the soft layer in uncured form such that it is sub-stantially fluid in condition. The denture is then placed in the patient's mouth to impression form the hard liner 90 to provide a generally U-shaped recess92 which exactly conforms as an impression fitting to the toothless ' gum area of the patientJ and this hard liner 90 is then allowed to harden and cure into exact conformance with the ' ~ -.
- ~058430 toothless g~lm area.
Accordingly, the liner 90 is very thin at the palatal vault area 86 due to;the fact that the portion 86 of the soft layer 82 was previously formed into close intimate contact with the palatal vault of the patient's mouth, and thlls the hard liner 90 may be very thin, yet rigid and bonded to the palatal vault or hard palate portion 86 of the soft layer 82.
It will be appreciated that the soft layer 82 may have characteris-tics which allow it gradually to harden over a period of several days or a month, such that it eventually becomes quite hard and comparable to that of the hard base 76 and the hard liner 90.
It will be appreciated that the structures of aspects of this inven-tion and the method hereinbefore recited provides substantial advantage in fitting the palatal vault of the patient's mouth due to the fact that the hard base 76 is open in the middle portion of the upper prosthetic denture, all as indicated at 79 in Figs. 11 and 12 of the drawings, and the soft layer 82 abridges this opening rearward of the terminus 80 so that the palatal vault area of the mouth may readily be fitted by deflecting the soft deflectably formable material of the layer 82 into close conformity with the palatal vault and the thickness of the material of the soft layer at this point may be nominal, and also the thickness of the hard liner 90 may be nominal there-after due to the fact that the soft layer has been préviously deflectably formed into close conformity with the features of the patient's mouth.
It will be appreciated that the hard llner 90 is of material which bonds to the soft layer 82. T~e hard liner i8 made of material, as for ex-ample the material made by the Coe Laboratories hereinbefore referred to, and the product is known by the Trade Mark of "Coe-Rect". This is a rigid denture liner known to the dental profession. Also, the Cosmos Company, here-inbefore referred to, - : : - : - . . . .; . . : - .
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1~58430 produces a methyl metllacrylate base l~terial and these materials are all generally acrylic so that they are compatible in chemlstry to efficient bond-ing to each other. 'I'he soft material of the soft l.ayer 82, being deflectably formable at temperatures ranging between body temperature and 160, may be suitably heaLed to a comfortable degree for impression forming in the person's mouth, as hereinbefore described, preliminary to the casting and impression forming of the hard liner 90 on the soft layer 82.
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Various attemps have been made to provide economical prosthetic dentures and some of them have utilized elastomeric material surrounding prosthetic teeth; however, it has been found that deflection of the elastomeric material around the teeth permits food to become disposed between the elastomeric material and the prosthetic teeth during the mastication of various foods when the denture is utilized for such purposes in the human mouth. It ls now obvious that elastomeric material which is not intimately bonded to an assembly of prosthetic teeth permits food to become disposed in many areas between the elastomeric prosthetic gum structure and the prosthetic teeth during mastication. Due to the fact that the elastomeric material tends resiliently to hold the particles in the rece~ses adjacent the teeth, they are very dificult to keep clean and to maintain them free of bacterial growth and other undesirable conditions.
~ eretofore, impressions of a toothless gum area have been made and it has been common practice to produce hard base dentures in accord-ance with such impressions; however, due to the mass of material involved in producing a hard base dent~re, it has been difficult to allow such hard base material to cure in a person's mouth in an impression taking position, and thus costly and complex methods have always been resorted to in the production of a prosthetic denture. Many of the plastic materials which are hardenable are utilized for producing a prosthetic gum struc~ure ad~acent to prosthetic teeth and due to the structural mass requirements the amount of plastic material to be cured in connection with the prosthetic - . ~ ,, , :
teeth i8 such aæ to cause discu~fort of a patient ~nd thereby preventing the complete impression taking and curi~g of the hard base structure in a patient's mouth.
Additionally, the prior art has employed elastomeric ma~erial which is curable at a low t~mperature in a person's mouth for taking impressions therein, and many such materials are only intimately bond-able to a like material but not readily bondable to a hard base plsstic material, such as, for example, an acrylic material or the like. Dentures produced in this ~anner have encountered functional difficul~ies herein-before described, in that the food particles are collected between the elastomeric material and the prosthetic teeth during mastication of food in the mouth of a person ~earing such prior art prosthetic dentures.
Some prior art prosthetic dentures have been produced with hard rigid palate portions adapted to be placed ad~acent the palatal vault of a person'~ mouth and due to the various configurations of persons' mouths2 these hard palate portions have been Imsatisfactory since in many cases relatively thick liners have caused the hard palate area to become quite thick, which tends to create speech as well as mastication problems.
Accordingly, it is sn object of one aspect of the inventlon to provide economical prosthetic dentures nnd methods for economically producing the same, and accurately fitting the denture to the toothless gums of a human patient.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a prosthetic denture haveing prosthetic teeth all integral with each other and in a unitary assembly and bonded to a hard base, and wherein the hard base is provided with a toothless gum fitting recess in which an elastomeric layer is disposed and accurately impression recessed to fit said toothless gum area, and wherein means is provided for substantially preventing food particles from becoming disposed between the hard base and the elastomeric layer.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide ~ 58430 a novel meth~d of casting a layer of hard plastic over a deflect~bly forma-ble layer of a hard base denture by takiny successive inpressions with the deflectably formable layer and the hard plastic layer, and wherein the - hard plastic layer is encapsulated over the elastameric layer and honded to the ~ase denture thereover.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a method for producing prosthetic dentures wherein a hard base prosthetic gum structure is konded to an assembly of prosthetic teeth; a soft layer is bonded to the hard kase and is of deflectably formable material sub]ect to thermal setting action or the like and whereby the deflectahly formable layer is located in a person's mouth and deflected into close fitting and hardenable material is placed on the soft layer and reinserted in the mouth and allowed to cure into a hard impression fitted liner.
e invention in one of its aspects provides an artificial den-ture which includes the combination of: a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; said assembly having crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum structure; a hard prosthetic generally U-shaped gum structure b~nded to said second areas;
said prosthetic kase structure having a generally U-shaped in cross sec-tion recess coextensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of soft deflectably formable material in said U-shap~d recess, said deElectably ~orn~able ma-terial having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a tooth- .
less gum area; wherein said prosthetic kase s-tructure and said deflectably formable layer are so coupled together as substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween.
By one variant thereof, the artificial denture incl~des a layer of ' hard cured material having an impression formed recess conformingly shaped ; to fit a toothless gum area; said layer of hard cured l~terial bein~
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, -, konded to said deflectably formable material.
By another variant, the generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth are all integral with each other and of a common casting; wherein said soft deflectably formable material is a cured elasto-meric material, said elastomeric material having marginal edges and an impression recess conformingly shaped to fit a toothless human gum area and including means sealingly coupling peripheral areas of said hard prosthe-tic gum structure and said marginal edges of said layer of elastoneric ma-terial to prevent food particles from entering thereketween.
~y still another variant, the prosthetic gum structure is a permanent substantially rigid hard prosthetic gum structure; wherein said soft deflectably formable material has marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area; wherein peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectably for-mable layer are sealingly ooupled substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; and wherein said denture is provided with a palatal vault portion disEosed rearwardly of said terminus portion; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped kase structure; said palatal vault portion being formed only of said deflectably formable material and being capable of being easily de-flectably formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of h~an mouths for pre-limunary .impression forming of said deflectably formable material.
By still another variant, the artificial denture includes a liner of hard material having i~pression fitting cDnfiguration relative to a human palatal vault area bonded to said deflectably formable layer in conforn~nce with an impression configuration thereof.
By still another variant, the peripheral areas of said deflecta-bly formable material are sealingly coupled substantially to prevent food 4~ - 4 -'~
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`- 105843Q
particles from entering therebetween; wherein said base structure extends and has a terminuS portion disposed a short distance rearwardly relative to the foremost or incisor teeth of said assembly; wherein said deflectably formable material is faired into said terminus portion of said hard base material, thereby to form a smooth transitory surface in said palatal vault area at a lower surface which is disposed to be adjacent the human tongue.
The invention in another of its aspects provides a novel method for providing an artificial denture, comprising the steps of: forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth, said teeth having 10 crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a pxosthe-tic gum structure; casting a hard prosthetic gum structure to said second areas; casting a first, generally U-shaped recess in said prosthetic gum structure, adapted generally to align with a toothless gum area; forming and bonding a layer of relatively soft deflectably formable material to said U-shaped recess; and forming a second U-shaped recess in said deflectably formable material adapted generally to fit a toothless gum area of a human patient.
By a variant of this method, the method includes the steps of:
simultaneously casting and bonding said hard prosthetic base gum structure 20 to said second areas, with a generally U-shaped recess in said base pros-thetic gum structure adapted to receive a toothless h~lman gum area; forming said layer of deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess by sub-stantially curing said deflectably formable material therein, while in a person's mouth, and thereby impression forming a recess in said deflectably formable material in conformity to a toothless human gum area; and surround-ing adjacent edges of said prosthetic gum structure and said deflectably formable material by means of a layer of elastomeric material to hold said uncured material in said U-shaped recess until an impression is made and _ 5_ , , . : ,': , ., ~ . :,. . .
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until said deflectably forn~ble material has at least partially cured into a gvm conformung recess.
By yet another variant, the method includes the steps of:
bonding a generally U-shaped hard base structure to said assembly of hard prosthetic teeth providing a terminus of said hard base structure disFosed a short distance rearwardly of the incisor areas of said assembly of said prosthetic teeth; b~nding a soft deflectably formable layer onto said per-manent hard base and extending said deflectably formable layer over a pala-tal vault area so as to bridge said U-shaped base rearwardly of said ter-minus to provide a soft deflectably formable palate vault portion bonded tosaid base; inserting said base and deflectably formable layer into a.
patient's mouth and deflectably forming said deflectably formable palate vault portion into close proximity to the palate vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectably forming remaining portions of said layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on soft deflectably formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth and impression forming the hard uncured materia~ into an impression conformance wi~h the palatal vault and the toothless g~m area of the patient's mouth and allowing the uncured hardenable liner to harden over the deflectably formable layer and to bond ~tereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the featurcs of the palatal vault area and the toothless gunt area of the mouth.
By a variation thereof, the soft deflectably formable layer is heated before insertion in the patient's mouth to allow ease of deflectably fonning of said layer including said palatal vault portion into close conformity to the features of the person's mouth.
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The invent:ion in anotller of its aspects comprises a method of casting a unitary integral assembly of prosthetic teeth, then casting a hard base oI acrylic or other suitable plastic thereon, then casting a soft impression layer on the hard base with it and the prosthetic teeth in the mouth of a person so as to make an impression in the soft layer which is of uncured hardenable material, either elastomeric or such material as soft deflectably formable acrylic material which pro-vides a soft layer, impression accurate, recess adapted to fit toothless gums of a patient.
The method of another aspect of this invention also relates to the lining of the soft layer of material by a hard plastic layer, both of which may be accurately formed by taking impressions in the mouth of a patient in connection with the hard base carrying the pros-thetic teeth.
Another aspect of this invention provides a method for producing an artificial denture, comprising: forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth bonding a permanent generally U-shaped hard base structure to such assembly of hard prosthetic teeth and providing a terminus of such hard base structure disposed a short distance rear-wardly oE the incisor areils oE such assembly of such prostlletic teeth;
bonding a soEt deElectlbly Eormable layer onto SUCtl permanent hard base and extending such deflectibly formable layer over a palatal vault area so as to abridge such U-shaped base rearwardly oE such termlnus to provide a soft deflectibly formable palate vault portion bonded to such base; inserting such base and deflectibly formable layer into a patient's mouth and deflectibly forming such deflectibly formable palate vault ::
portion into close proximity to the palatal vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectibly forming remaining portions of such layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of a patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on the soft deflectibly formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth an impression forming the hard uncured . .
-0584~0 material into an impression conformanc~ with the palatal vault and the toothless gum area of the patient'6 mouth and allowing the unc~red hardenable liner to harden over the deflectibly formable layer and to bond thereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the features of the palatal vault area and the toothless gu~ area of the mouth.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly of prosthetic teeth all formed of one casting and integral with each other;
Fig. 2 is sn enlarged transverse sectional view taken from the line 2-2 of FLg. 1, showing a mold structure in surrounding rela-tionship with prosthetic teeth and showing the manner in which the assembly of Fig. 1 is cast in a resilient mold;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken from the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing the structure of the prosthetic tooth assembly on a large scale;
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevational view of sn assembly of prosthetic teeth taken from the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 iB an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing ~he assembly of prosthetic teeth disclosed in Fig. 1 of the drawings in a resilient mold, and showing a hard base structure cast into bonded relationship with the prosthetic teeth;
Fig. 6 is the result of the steps shown in Fig. S of the drawings, illustrAting an assembly of prosthetic teeth with a hard base structure cast thereon and having a recess generally sdapted to receive the toothless gum area of a human patient;
Fig. 7 i6 an enlarged fragmentary sectionsl view taken from the line 7-7 of Fig. 6 and showing the addition of an elastomeric layer of material formed by the impression process in the recess of the hard base structure shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing a modification of an aspect of this invention wherein a hard plastic layer is impression formed over an elastomeric layer such as sXown in Fig. 7 of the drawings ~ _ 7 _ - :
3~058430 and wherein the hard plastic layer is bonded to the hard base which is cast onto the assenbly of prosthetic teeth, as shown in the illustra-tion of Fig. S;
- 7a -' ,, ' ': ' .. ' : : ~ ' ' 1C~58430 Fig. 9 is a furtlier modification of an aspect of this inventioll - wherein an e]astomeric layer of material is disposed on the outer perimeter portions of the hard base structure shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings and wherein a layer of hardenable plastic is impression formed in the recess of the hard base material and this hard plastic layer is retained in place by said elastomeric material in surrounding relation with the hard base struc-ture whereby the elastomeric material holds the hardenable layer in place during the taking of an impression in a person's mouth and during the curing thereof into a shape conforming with the toothless gums of the patient;
Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but showing another preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a bottom plan view of the denture shown in Fig. 10 and taken from the line 11-11 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken from the line 12-12 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken from the line 13-13 of Fig. 10;
Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 12 but showing a hard liner bonded to the soft deflectable layer of material shown in Fig. 12; and Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 13 and showing a hard liner bonded to the soft deflectably formable layer of material as shown in Fig. 13.
As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, a U-shaped assembly of arti-ficial teeth designated 20 is cast or otherwise formed so as to provide a substantially rigid U-shaped assembly of prosthetic teeth onto which a hard base may be s~bsequently Cflst or bonded. The assembly of prosthetic teeth 20 is preferably cast or formed in a mold having two parts 22 and 24 which are readily separable and these parts may be made of various resilient materials capable of : : :
lOS8~30 being sepnrated to provide relief for the remo~al of the assembly 20 from the mold formed by the two part~ which separate at 26.
It will be appreciated that other methods may be employed to assemble an integral group of prosthetic teeth of a set of individual pros-thetic teeth into a generally ~-shaped assembly and generally conforming to the usual disposition of mandiblary and/or maxillary teeth arrangements. As shown in Figs. 1, 3 ~nd 4 of the drawings, the individual prosthetic teeth 28 are interconnected by an integral bar 30 which is cast integral therewith and the ~eeth 28, as well as the bar 30, may be made of acrylic plastic ma-terial or any other suitable material as desired~ The prosthetic teeth 28 ; are integral with each other at adjacent areas 32 all as shown best in Figs.
3 and 4 of the drawings. The prosthetic teeth are provided with substanti-ally conventional incisor and crown areas and also second areas 35. The second areas 35 are cast into and bonded to the hard base, as will be here-inafter described. Immediately above the area 32 and below the bar 30, a generally wedge shaped opening 34 is provided between each of the prosthetic ` teeth 28 so as to afford an anchor area for hard base material to be cast around or bonded around said second area or upper portions 35 of the pros-thetic teeth 28, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13 of the drawings, and as will be hereinafter described in detail. After the U-shaped assembly of integral prosthetic teeth 28 has been cast, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the hard base plastic material may be cast around the normally upper or base portions of the prosthetic teeth 28 so as to cast or mold the hard base material in the openings 34 and below the respective bar portions 30 which extend between the teeth 28 as shown in Fig. 24 of the drawings. Thus, the bese material may be firmly and securely anchored to the U-shaped assembly 20 of prosthetic teeth 28.
The U-shaped assembly 20, as shown in Fig. 5 of the , _ ? _ g _ ~ .
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drawings, is placed in a separable mold having two portions 36 and 38, separa-ble along a line 40, and this mold is provided with a cavity area 42 adapted for orming a hard base 44 around the bar 30 and the base portions of the prosthetic teeth 28, and the portion 36 of the mold is provided with a mold portion 46 adapted to form a recess generally to fit the gum area of the max-illary ridge of a human mouth, and it will be obvious that molds similar to the molds 36 and 38 may be used to form a hard base such as the base 44 to fit the mandiblary ridge and the too~,hless gum area thereon and therefore only the artificial denture for fitting the maxillary ridge is disclosed here-in.
As shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, it will be seen that the hardbase 44 is cast in the openings 34 around the bar 30 in order to fully anchor the hard base 44 onto the assembly 20 of integral prosthetic teeth 28.
As an alternate method, individual prosthetic teeth may be placed in a mold such as shown in Fig. 5 and the hard base 44 may be cast against and bonded to the second areas 35 of the prosthetic teeth.
The hard base 44 may be made of any suitable material such as, for "
example, acrylic plastic or the like and when the prosthetic teeth 28, to-gether with the base 44, are removed from the mold structures 36 and 38, the base 44 together with the prosthetic teeth 28 may appear as a unitary struc-ture as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. This unitary structure, at the upper portion of the base 44, is provlded with a recess 48 formed by the por-tion 46 of the mold 36 and thi,s re~cess 48 is generally formed loosely to fit the mandiblary ridge area occupied by the toothless gum of the human mouth.
The hard base 44, with the prosthetic teeth 28, as shown in Fig. 7, may then be inserted into a person's mouth with a layer of uncured elastomer-ic or deflectably formable material 50 resting ~,.
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in the U-shaped recess 48 and when inserted in the patient's mouth the tooth-less gum area over the mandiblary ridge may be impressed into the soft un-cured elastomeric material to form an impression recess 52 which precisely conforms with the toothless gum area over the maxillary ridge and thus final fitting of the denture, as shown in Fig. 7, may be accomplished.
The hard base 44 is provided with an interlocking recess 54 near the peripheral or marginal edge portion 56 thereof, and the uncured elastomer-ic material is impression formed into the groove 54 so that an interlocking portion 58 thereof is interlocked in the groove 54 and after the elastomeric material has been cured, the marginal edge 60 may be cemented to the marginal ; edge 56 of the hard denture 44 by epoxy or other material so as to prevent the entrance of food particles therebetween.
It will be understood that the elastomeric material 50 may be im-pression formed in the mouth and cured therein or may be removed after the impression is taken in order to complete the curing of the elastomeric mater-ial after the prosthetic denture has been removed from the patient's mouth.
Another aspect of the invention as shown in Fig. 8 comprises the assembly of prosthetic teeth 28 bonded to the hard base 44 as hereinbefore described, and a layer of elastomeric material designated 62 is similar to the layer 50 hereinbefore described, and a marginal edge 64 of the elastomeric ; layer 62 is trimmed back from the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44, and a second layer of hardenable plastic materia]. 66 is placed over the elastomer-ic layer 62 and inserted in the human mouth so that an impression recess 68 may be formed in the!hardenab]e plastic 66 closely to conform to the maxillary ridge area and the toothless gum area thereover.
In the structure shown in Fig. 8, the layer of hardenable plastic material 66 extends over the cut back edge 64 of the . -... ~ . ~ .. . .
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~OS8430 el~stomeric layer 62 and a portion 70 of the layer 66 extends over themarginal edge portion 56 o the hard base 44, and is bonded ~hereto, so as to cover the marginal edge 64 of the elastomeric layer 62 and thereby sub-stantially completely to encapsulate it and substantially prevent any entrance of food particles between it and the hard base 44~
It will be understood that the hardenable plastic material 66 may be acrylic and may ultimately cure to a hardness comparable to that of the hard base 44 and thus the soft elastomeric layer 62 preliminarily impression formed in the recess 48 serves as a support for holding the hardenable layer 66 of plastic material until it has been impression formed and partially hardened so that it may readily be removed from the patient's mouth and there-after cured to a completely hardened state which is substantially harder than the elastomeric layer 62 and comparable to the hardness of the hard base 44 and the prosthetic teeth 28. It will be understood that the layer 66 may be made of acrylic material, if desired.
As shown in Fig. 9Oof the drawings, the hard base 44 carrying the prosthetic teeth 28 may be provided with a layer of hardenable acrylic ma-terial designated 72 and this layer initially may be uncured and carried in the recess 48 of the hard base 44. It may then be placed in a person~s mouth while a surrounding band of elastomeric material 74 covers the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44 for retaining the uncured layer of plastic mater-ial 72 while the impression is taken relative to the toothless gum area over the maxillary ridge, and when the impression is taken ~he entlre assembly may be removed from the mouth so that the impression taken in the layer 72 may be cured while the elastomeric band 74 holds the peripheral portion of the plastic 72 and then~after the plastic layer 72 has cured, the elastomeric layer 74 may be stripped away to expose the marginal edge 56 of the hard base 44.
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lOS8430 rt will be understood ~hat the layer 72, bc-ing made of acrylic or other material, will bond very closely and tenaciously to the hard base 44 and will therefore be substantially sealed against the entry of food particles between the layer and the base.
The assembly 20 of prosthetic teeth 28 may be made of the material known by the Trade Mark of Celcon Acetal Copolymer M270-04. This material is manufactured by Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York, New York. The foregoing is merely an example of the type of material which may be used to produce the prosthetic teeth 28 in their integral generally U-shaped assembly 20.
The relatively hard base 44, as hereinbefore described, is prefera-bly made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and this resin is known by the Trade Mark of EVA 507 and is also manufactured by Union Carbide Corpora-tion, above referred to.
The soft elastomeric or deflectably formable material 52 and 62,hereinbefore referred to, is known by the Trade Mark of "Truliner", manufac-tured by Harry T. Bosworth Company, Chicago, Illinois, or that known by the Trade Mark of "Flexa-Cryl" as manufactured by Langs Corporation, 820 W.
Montrose, Chicago, Illinois, or that known by the Trade Mark of "Coe-Soft"
as manufactured by Coe Laboratories, East Chicago, Illinois.
The dentures of aspects of this invention, as disclosed in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, are different species, all having various advantages in the manu-facture and fitting of prosthetlc dentLIres~ and ln accordance with the methods of yet other aspects of this invention the casting of the assembly of teeth 20, all integral with each other, and then the casting of the hard base 44 thereon, in interlocking relation therewith, and then the final impression fitting of the denture to a toothless gum area of a person's mouth may be accomplished as described in connection with Figs. 7, 8 and 9. The soft elastomeric layer 52 shown in Fig 7 may be a final impression fitting ~ ~ .
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accomplislled by :irnpression fitLlng in the mollth, and tile secondary method for producillg the denture as sho~n :in Fig. 8 of the drawings - 13a -.
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105~3430 encloses the casting of the tceth and then the base 44 thereon, then the elastomeric layer 62 is impression fitted on the toothless gum area of the patient's mouth, and then the hardenable hard plastic 66 is impression fitted in the person's mouth on the toothless gum area, preliminary to hardening thereof, and then it is removed and allowed to harden while the peripheral edge 56 of the hard base 44 is bonded to the peripheral portion 70 of the hard layer 66 after it is impression formed and cure hardened. In the method as shown in Fig. 9, the elastomeric strip 74 is formed on the periphery of the hard base 44 so as to hold and retain marginal edge portions of the hardenable layer 72 of the plastic material which ultimately bonds to the base 44 and is relatively hard material as compared to the elastomeric band 74 which is stripped from the hard base material 44 after the layer 72 has cured into an impression configuration following the removal thereof from the person's mouth after taking an impression.
The assembly 20 of the integral prosthetic teeth 28 may be provided with the hard base 44 as described in connection with Fig. 5 of the drawings, and thereafter the artificial denture of an aspect of this invention may either be fitted hy the patient himself or fitted by a dentist in accordance with the teachings described in connection with Figs. 7, 8 or 9, depending upon the method which is desired to be used and whether or not a soft elas-tomeric liner adjacent the toothless gum area and over the maxillary or mandi-blary ridges is desired. The bonding of the peripheral edges of the elas-tomeric layer 52 to the hard base 44 by an epoxy effectively and substanti-ally prevents the entrance of material between the hard base and the soft liner, and the methods shown in Figs. 8 and 9 provide for a hard impression liner precisely fitted to the toothless gum area and impression formed so that a hard liner may be provided if desired, and all of these may either be performed by a patient or by a dental technician or dentist in such a manner .. . .
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~: ' 1(~58430 as to provide ultimate ecollollly and very accurate ritting of prosthetic den-tures to a person's mouth.
A preferred embodiment of one aspect of this invention comprises a prosthetic denture such as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. This pros-thetic denture is designated generally 72 and as s~own in Figs. 11 and 12, an assembly of prosthetic teeth 74 are cast into and bonded to a hard base structure 76. The prosthetic teeth 74 and the hard base structure 76 are preferably of an acrylic material such as, for example, manufactured by Coe Laboratories, Inc., Chicago, Illinois 60658. Also, this hard base material may be such as manufactured by Cosmos Dental Products, Inc., 4330 22nd Street, Long Island City, New York. Thus a preferred aspect of the invention includes a hard base prosthetic gum structure 76 to which are bonded an as-sembly of prosthetic teeth 74 and this hard base and assembly may be molded in a similar manner as shown in Fig. 5 wherein a generally U-shaped recess 78 is formed generally to correspond and coextend with a toothless gum area of a patient. As shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the central area 79 of the hard base 76 is generally open and is provided with a terminus 80 located a short distance behind the incisor or front teeth and thus the hard base 76 is generally U-shaped, all as shown best in Figs. 11 and 12.
; 20 Bonded to the hard base 76 is a soft deflectable layer 82 and this layer 82 is made of material compatible with the material of the hard base 76 and preferably of deflectably formable acry]ic material such as that known by the Trade Mark of "Super Soft" acryllc manufactured by Coe Lsbor~-tories, Inc., hereinbefore referred to. Additionally, such soft deflectable material is manufactured by William Getz-Corporation, Chicago, Illinois.
Accordingly, the soft layer 82 is bonded to the U-shaped recess 78 of the hard base 76 and the soft layer 82 is provided with a U-shaped recess 84 which is adapted generally to fit a .
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lOS8430 toothless gum arca of a patient and is generally coextensive with the assem-bly of prosthetic teeth 74. The soft layer 82 is provided with a palatal vault palate portion 86 which abridges the open area 79 of the hard base 76, all as shown best in Figs. 11, 12 and 14. The soft layer 82 is provided with a rim 88 generally surrounding the recess 84 and the denture as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 may be produced in a variety of sizes such that the re-cess 84 may generally fit various patients.
In accordance with the method of an aspect of this invention, this denture 8S shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 may be fitted to a patient's mouth as follows, and the structure may be completed as shown in Figs~ 14 and 15, in the following manner and in accord~nce with the method of the invention:
An artificial denture, such as shown in Fig. 12 of the appropriate size generally to fit a patient's toothless gum area is selected and the soft layer 32 which is deflectably formable is heated in hot water or the like to render it readily pliable and thermal settable. The denture is then placed in the patient's mouth and the rim 88 of the soft layer 82 is de-flectably formed into close conformance with the toothless gum area of the patient while the palatal vault palate portion 86 is formed upwardly into intimate contact with the palatal vault of the patient's mouth, and then the denture is removed and the soft layer 82 is chilled and a hard liner material designated 90 in Figs. 14 and 15 is placed on the soft layer 82. This material 90 is similar to the hard acrylic material of the hard base 76 and is initially placed on the soft layer in uncured form such that it is sub-stantially fluid in condition. The denture is then placed in the patient's mouth to impression form the hard liner 90 to provide a generally U-shaped recess92 which exactly conforms as an impression fitting to the toothless ' gum area of the patientJ and this hard liner 90 is then allowed to harden and cure into exact conformance with the ' ~ -.
- ~058430 toothless g~lm area.
Accordingly, the liner 90 is very thin at the palatal vault area 86 due to;the fact that the portion 86 of the soft layer 82 was previously formed into close intimate contact with the palatal vault of the patient's mouth, and thlls the hard liner 90 may be very thin, yet rigid and bonded to the palatal vault or hard palate portion 86 of the soft layer 82.
It will be appreciated that the soft layer 82 may have characteris-tics which allow it gradually to harden over a period of several days or a month, such that it eventually becomes quite hard and comparable to that of the hard base 76 and the hard liner 90.
It will be appreciated that the structures of aspects of this inven-tion and the method hereinbefore recited provides substantial advantage in fitting the palatal vault of the patient's mouth due to the fact that the hard base 76 is open in the middle portion of the upper prosthetic denture, all as indicated at 79 in Figs. 11 and 12 of the drawings, and the soft layer 82 abridges this opening rearward of the terminus 80 so that the palatal vault area of the mouth may readily be fitted by deflecting the soft deflectably formable material of the layer 82 into close conformity with the palatal vault and the thickness of the material of the soft layer at this point may be nominal, and also the thickness of the hard liner 90 may be nominal there-after due to the fact that the soft layer has been préviously deflectably formed into close conformity with the features of the patient's mouth.
It will be appreciated that the hard llner 90 is of material which bonds to the soft layer 82. T~e hard liner i8 made of material, as for ex-ample the material made by the Coe Laboratories hereinbefore referred to, and the product is known by the Trade Mark of "Coe-Rect". This is a rigid denture liner known to the dental profession. Also, the Cosmos Company, here-inbefore referred to, - : : - : - . . . .; . . : - .
: : , :: :: . : - . . :
.: -.: : :
~ :. ,.: ~' ~ - ' ' ' ' :
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.
1~58430 produces a methyl metllacrylate base l~terial and these materials are all generally acrylic so that they are compatible in chemlstry to efficient bond-ing to each other. 'I'he soft material of the soft l.ayer 82, being deflectably formable at temperatures ranging between body temperature and 160, may be suitably heaLed to a comfortable degree for impression forming in the person's mouth, as hereinbefore described, preliminary to the casting and impression forming of the hard liner 90 on the soft layer 82.
:. , : ,--': . : , : . : .
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In an artificial denture, the combination of: a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; said assembly having crown and in-cisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum struc-ture; a hard prosthetic generally U-shaped gum structure bonded to said se-cond areas; said prosthetic base structure having a generally U-shaped in cross section recess coextensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of soft deflecta-bly formable material in said U-shaped recess, said deflectably formable material having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a tooth-less gum area; and a layer of hard cured material having an impression f formed recess conformingly shaped to fit a toothless gum area; said layer of hard cured material being bonded to said deflectably formed material;
wherein said prosthetic base structure and said deflectably formable layer are so coupled together as substantially to prevent food particles from en-tering therebetween.
wherein said prosthetic base structure and said deflectably formable layer are so coupled together as substantially to prevent food particles from en-tering therebetween.
2. The artificial denture of claim 1, wherein said generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth are all integral with each other and are of a common casting; wherein said soft deflectably formable material is a cured elastomeric material, said elastomeric material having marginal edges and an impression recess conformingly shaped to fit a toothless human gum area; and including means sealingly coupling peripheral areas of said hard prosthetic gum structure and said marginal edges of said layer of elas-tomeric material to prevent food particles from entering therebetween.
3. The artificial denture of claim 1 wherein said prosthetic gum structure is a permanent substantially rigid hard prosthetic gum structure;
wherein said soft deflectably formable material has marginal edges and a re-cess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area; wherein peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectably formable layer are sealingly coupled substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; and wherein said denture is provided with a palatal vault portion disposed rearwardly of said terminus portion; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped base structure; said palatal vault portion being formed only of said deflectably formable material and being capable of being easily deflectably formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of human mouths for preliminary im-pression forming of said deflectably formable material.
wherein said soft deflectably formable material has marginal edges and a re-cess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area; wherein peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectably formable layer are sealingly coupled substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; and wherein said denture is provided with a palatal vault portion disposed rearwardly of said terminus portion; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped base structure; said palatal vault portion being formed only of said deflectably formable material and being capable of being easily deflectably formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of human mouths for preliminary im-pression forming of said deflectably formable material.
4. The artificial denture of claim 4 including a liner of hard material having impression fitting configuration relative to a human palatal vault area bonded to said deflectably formable layer in conformance with an impression configuration thereof.
5. The artificial denture of claim 4, wherein peripheral areas of said deflectably formable material are sealingly coupled substantially to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; wherein said base struc-ture extends and has a terminus portion disposed a short distance rearwardly relative to the foremost or incisor teeth of said assembly; wherein said de-flectably formable material is faired into said terminus portion of said hard base material, thereby to form a smooth transitory surface in said palatal vault area at a lower surface which is disposed to be adjacent the human tongue.
6. In an artificial denture as claimed in claim 1, the combination of; a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; said assembly having crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum structure; a permanent substantially rigid hard prosthetic generally U-shaped base gum structure bonded to said second areas of said teeth;
said prosthetic base structure having a generally U-shaped in cross section recess co-extensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of soft deflectably formable material having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area;
and peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectibly formable layer sealingly coupled to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; said denture being provided with a palatal vault portion disposed rear-wardly of a terminus portion thereof; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped base structure; said palatal vault portion formed only of deflectibly formable material and capable of being easily deflectibly formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of human mouths for preliminary impression forming of said deflectibly formably layer in any one of several different human mouths; and including a liner of hard material having impression fitting configuration relative to a human palatal vault area bonded to said deflectibly formable layer in conformance with an impression configuration thereof.
said prosthetic base structure having a generally U-shaped in cross section recess co-extensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of soft deflectably formable material having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area;
and peripheral areas of said prosthetic base structure and said marginal areas of said deflectibly formable layer sealingly coupled to prevent food particles from entering therebetween; said denture being provided with a palatal vault portion disposed rear-wardly of a terminus portion thereof; said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped base structure; said palatal vault portion formed only of deflectibly formable material and capable of being easily deflectibly formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of human mouths for preliminary impression forming of said deflectibly formably layer in any one of several different human mouths; and including a liner of hard material having impression fitting configuration relative to a human palatal vault area bonded to said deflectibly formable layer in conformance with an impression configuration thereof.
7, In an artificial denture, the combination of: a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; said assembly having crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum structure; a permanent substantially rigid hard prosthetic generally U-shaped gum structure bonded to said second areas of said teeth; said prosthetic base structure having a generally U-shaped in cross section recess co-extensive with said assembly of teeth and adapted generally to receive a toothless human gum area; and a layer of sodt deflectibly formable material in said U-shaped recess, said deflectibly formable material having marginal edges and a recess shaped generally to fit a toothless gum area; and peripheral areas of said deflectibly formable area sealingly coupled to prevent food particles from entering there-between; said base structure extending and having a terminus portion disposed a short distance rearwardly relative to the fore-most or incison teeth of said assembly; said deflectibly formable material faired into said terminus portion of said hard base material to form a smooth transitory surface is said palatal vault area at a lower surface which is disposed to be adjacent the human tongue; said denture being provided with a palatal vault portion disposed rearwardly of said terminus portion, said palatal vault portion abridging a central area between side portions of said U-shaped base structure; said palatal vault portion formed only of deflectibly formable material and capable of being easily deflectibly formed upwardly and set into closely conforming relation with any one of a variety of different palatal vault areas of human mouths for preliminary impression forming of said deflectibly formable layer in any one of several different human mouths.
8. A method for producing an artificial denture, comprising the steps of forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth, said teeth having crown and incisor areas, and second areas adapted to be fixed in a prosthetic gum structure;
casting a hard prosthetic gum structure to said second areas;
casting a first, generally U-shaped recess in said prosthetic gum structure, adapted generally to align with a toothless gum area;
forming and bonding a layer of relatively soft deflectably formable material to said U-shaped recess; and forming a second U-shaped recess in said deflectably formable material adapted generally to fit a toothless gum area of a human patient.
casting a hard prosthetic gum structure to said second areas;
casting a first, generally U-shaped recess in said prosthetic gum structure, adapted generally to align with a toothless gum area;
forming and bonding a layer of relatively soft deflectably formable material to said U-shaped recess; and forming a second U-shaped recess in said deflectably formable material adapted generally to fit a toothless gum area of a human patient.
9. The method of claim 8 including the steps of:
simultaneously casting and bonding said hard prosthetic base gum structure to said second areas, with a generally U-shaped recess in said base prosthetic gum structure adapted to receive a toothless human gum area; forming said layer of deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess by substantially curing uncured deflectably formable material therein, while in a person's mouth, and thereby impression forming a recess in said deflectably formable material in conformity to a toothless human gum area; and surrounding adjacent edges of said prosthetic gum structure and said deflectably formable material by means of a layer of elastomeric material to hold said uncured deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess until an impression is made and until said deflectably formable material has at least partially cured into a gum conforming recess.
simultaneously casting and bonding said hard prosthetic base gum structure to said second areas, with a generally U-shaped recess in said base prosthetic gum structure adapted to receive a toothless human gum area; forming said layer of deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess by substantially curing uncured deflectably formable material therein, while in a person's mouth, and thereby impression forming a recess in said deflectably formable material in conformity to a toothless human gum area; and surrounding adjacent edges of said prosthetic gum structure and said deflectably formable material by means of a layer of elastomeric material to hold said uncured deflectably formable material in said U-shaped recess until an impression is made and until said deflectably formable material has at least partially cured into a gum conforming recess.
10. The method of claim 8 for producing an artificial denture comprising: forming a generally U-shaped assembly of hard prosthetic teeth; bonding a permanent, generally U-shaped hard base structure to said assembly of hard prosthetic teeth and providing a terminus of said hard base structure disposed short distance rearwardly of the incisor areas of said assembly of said prosthetic teeth; bonding a soft deflectably formable layer onto said permanent hard base and extending said deflectably formable layer over a palatal vault area so as to abridge said U-shaped base rearwardly of said terminus, thereby to provide a soft deflectably formable palate vault portion bonded to said base;
inserting said base and deflectably formable layer into a patient's mouth and deflectably forming said deflectably formable palate vault portion into close proximity to the palatal vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectably forming remaining portions of said layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of a patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on the soft deflectably formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth and impression forming the hard uncured material into an impression conformance with the palatal vault and the toothless gum area of the patient's mouth and allowing the uncured hardenable liner to harden over the deflectably formable layer and to bond thereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the features of the palatal vault area and the toothless gum area of the mouth.
inserting said base and deflectably formable layer into a patient's mouth and deflectably forming said deflectably formable palate vault portion into close proximity to the palatal vault area of the patient's mouth and deflectably forming remaining portions of said layer into close proximity to a toothless gum area of a patient's mouth, then removing the denture and placing an uncured hardenably hard liner material, in fluid form, on the soft deflectably formable layer, then reinserting the denture into the human mouth and impression forming the hard uncured material into an impression conformance with the palatal vault and the toothless gum area of the patient's mouth and allowing the uncured hardenable liner to harden over the deflectably formable layer and to bond thereto, to form a rigid liner which conforms intimately to the features of the palatal vault area and the toothless gum area of the mouth.
11. The method of claim 10 wherin said soft deflectably formable layer is heated before insertion in the patient's mouth to allow ease of deflectably forming of said layer including said palatal vault portion into close conformity to the features of the person's mouth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,263A CA1058430A (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | Lined denture and method of manufacturing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,263A CA1058430A (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | Lined denture and method of manufacturing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1058430A true CA1058430A (en) | 1979-07-17 |
Family
ID=4100487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,263A Expired CA1058430A (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | Lined denture and method of manufacturing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1058430A (en) |
-
1974
- 1974-06-24 CA CA203,263A patent/CA1058430A/en not_active Expired
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