CA1057457A - Disposable diaper having readily flushable absorbent media and improved pad integrity in use - Google Patents
Disposable diaper having readily flushable absorbent media and improved pad integrity in useInfo
- Publication number
- CA1057457A CA1057457A CA237,868A CA237868A CA1057457A CA 1057457 A CA1057457 A CA 1057457A CA 237868 A CA237868 A CA 237868A CA 1057457 A CA1057457 A CA 1057457A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- backsheet
- wet strength
- absorbent
- pad
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F13/15211—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency soluble or disintegratable in liquid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F13/15252—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency compostable or biodegradable
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
DISPOSABLE DIAPER HAVING READILY FLUSHABLE
ABSORBENT MEDIA AND IMPROVED PAD INTEGRITY IN USE
Robert C. Duncan ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A disposable diaper is provided with an absorbent pad comprised of airfelt or a similar low-strength absorbent material enclosed by an envelope of wet strength tissue. The absorbent pad is preferably enclosed between a liquid-retaining backsheet and a liquid-pervious topsheet secured in super-posed relation to the liquid-retaining backsheet. Because the wet strength tissue envelope surrounding the absorbent core material tends to cling to the wetted pad after removal of the liquid-retaining backsheet, it tends to prevent hy-draulic erosion of the absorbent media and therefore interferes with pad flushability. If a non-wet strength tissue is utilized on one or both sides of the absorbent media it will readily dissociate upon immersion in water and thereby promote pad flushability. However, such an absorbent pad lacks integrity in use due to the low strength of the absorbent media employed.
In accordance with the present invention, wet strength tissue is utilized on both surfaces of the absorbent pad to provide support for the low strength absorbent media and, accordingly, improved in use pad integrity without adversely affecting pad flushability. This is preferably accomplished by adhering the layer of wet strength tissue adjacent the liquid-retaining backsheet directly to the backsheet so that when the liquid-retaining backsheet is stripped from the diaper prior to flushing, a broad central panel of the wet strength tissue envelope is removed from the absorbent pad to expose the absorbent media contained therein to hydraulic erosion during the rinsing operation.
ABSORBENT MEDIA AND IMPROVED PAD INTEGRITY IN USE
Robert C. Duncan ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A disposable diaper is provided with an absorbent pad comprised of airfelt or a similar low-strength absorbent material enclosed by an envelope of wet strength tissue. The absorbent pad is preferably enclosed between a liquid-retaining backsheet and a liquid-pervious topsheet secured in super-posed relation to the liquid-retaining backsheet. Because the wet strength tissue envelope surrounding the absorbent core material tends to cling to the wetted pad after removal of the liquid-retaining backsheet, it tends to prevent hy-draulic erosion of the absorbent media and therefore interferes with pad flushability. If a non-wet strength tissue is utilized on one or both sides of the absorbent media it will readily dissociate upon immersion in water and thereby promote pad flushability. However, such an absorbent pad lacks integrity in use due to the low strength of the absorbent media employed.
In accordance with the present invention, wet strength tissue is utilized on both surfaces of the absorbent pad to provide support for the low strength absorbent media and, accordingly, improved in use pad integrity without adversely affecting pad flushability. This is preferably accomplished by adhering the layer of wet strength tissue adjacent the liquid-retaining backsheet directly to the backsheet so that when the liquid-retaining backsheet is stripped from the diaper prior to flushing, a broad central panel of the wet strength tissue envelope is removed from the absorbent pad to expose the absorbent media contained therein to hydraulic erosion during the rinsing operation.
Description
~ 57~57 B~.C~GROUND OF T~E INVENTION - .
~ .. . . _ The present inven~ion relates generally to disposable diapers and, more particularly, to a new and improved disposable absorbent diaper pad construction which provides improved pad integrity in use without advexsely affecting pad flushability.
... .
In recent years, improvements in disposable diapers have revolutionized the diapering of infants. As the term ndisposable" implies! these diapers are designed to be dis-10 carded after a single use. Di~posable diapers generally consist of an absorbent pad, a pad-covering topsheet which contacts the infan~, and a liquid-impervious backsheet for containing liquid wastes within the absorbent pad. U. S.
Patent Re. 26,151 which issued to Duncan et al. on January 31, 15 1967 is representative of such disposable diaper structures.
As is taught by the Duncan et al. patent, a soiled diaper is preferably disposed of by stripping the moisture-impervious backsheet from the soiled absorbent portions of the structure prior to rinsing ~he soiled absorbent portions of the 20 structure in a conventional toilet wherein it tends to dis- !;
integrate prior to flushing. ~hen plies of creped cellulose wadding are employed as the absorbent media there is little or no need for enclosing the absorbent media with~n an envelope of wet strength tissue since the creped cellulose wadding 25 generally has sufficient strength to provide satisfactory in use pad integrity. When, however, the absorbent media is comprised of a low-strength material such as air-laid wood ~
pulp fluff, commonly referred to as airfelt, a strength-imparting envelope is generally-necessary no~ only to provide satisfactory ~:. '' t 1i ... . . .. . ~ . .
'~
' ' . ' ' ' . , ' ' ~ ' ' `' ~L057457 , in use pad integrity, but also to avoid the dusting and linting problems commonly associated with such low-strength , absorbent materials both during manufacture and in use.
; Failure to provide sufficient in use pad integrity in a disposable diaper adversely affects both its absorbency and its containment characteristics. Therefore a number of prior art disposable diaper structures have encapsulated the low strength absorbent media in an envelope of sheet material having at least some degree of wet strength, wet strength ;
tissue paper being most commonly utilized. ~he chief disadvantage associated with such prior art structures, ~ , ` however, is that they do not disintegrate readily upon immersion in water unless the various layers of the structure are painstakingly disassembled by the user. Hence they are not readily flushable. The term "flushable" as used herein, is primarily intended to describe the ability of,the absorbent media of a diaper pad structure to physically dissociate and structurally break down into small clumps of loose fibers by the normal action of rinsing the - ,-~0 absorbent pad in water in an ordinary toilet bowl, without ~-.,~ . ...
need for manually separating the various tissue layers employed in the absorbent pad of the diaper. All portions of the absorbent media should be capable of : ~:
safely and harmlessly passing ,through a normal household sewage system without danger of clogging the system.
,~ Once the absorbent medla has become dissociated from the portions of the diaper having at least some degree , of wet strength, i.e., the topsheet and those portions of the ` tissue envelope which are immersed in the toilet bowl, the wet strength ma~erials may either be flushed or wrapped within - ~
, - 3 ~
. .
. . . ..
.: :
"` 10574S7 the moisture-impervious backsheet after rinsing for disposal in conventional solid was~e disposal systems.
U. S. Patent 3,636,952 which issued to George on January 25, 1972 discloses a disposable diaper structure having ah absorbent core comprised of airfelt contained within an envelope of wet strength tissue, the various layers of the structure being secured together by means of embossing and gluing at their peripheries. The patent to George teaches that the diaper is preferably disposed of by stripping off and disposing of the moisture-impervious protective ~cover and then flushing the remainder of the structure in an ordinary toilet. ~owever, as should be readily apparent from an inspection of the patent, the absorbent core material . remains trapped between an envelope of wet strength tissue paper after deposition in the toilet bowl and therefore the flushability of the structure is impaired unless the various layers of the structure are manually separated.
': ' ..
U. S. Patent 3,586,000 which issued to Ness on June 22, 1971 likewise discloses a disposable diaper structure having a fluffed wood pulp absorbent filler encased on both sides by wet strength tissue. As with the patent to George, however, the absorbent media remains en-closed within an envelope of wet strength tissue upon stripping of the moisture-impervious backsheet prior to flushing.
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, .. . . .. . . .. .
~ 1~574~7 - In view of the disadvantages and shortcomings of prlor art disposable diaper constructions, it 18 an object of the present invention to provide a dispossble, slngle use diaper havlng lmproved in use pad integrity and in which the surface of the low-strength absorbent media is exposed directly to hydraulic erosion upon rinsing of the soiled portions of the diaper in a conventional toilet without need for manually dis-assembling a plurality of layers of tissue prior to depositing the structure therein. ;~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the present invention relates to a disposable diaper having a liquid-retaining backsheet, a liquid-absorbent pad comprised of a liquid-absorbent media contained within an envelope of wet strength tissue superimposed on said liquid-~etaining backsheet and a liquid-pervious topsheet secured in superposed relation to said liquid-absorbent pad and said liquid-retaining backsheet. The novel feature according to this invention comprises attachment means for securing at least ~`
a portion of said wet strength tissue envelope located adjacent 20 said liquid-retaining backsheet directly to said backsheet, said attachment means and said liquid-retaining backsheet having greater strength than said wet strength tissue envelope, whereby said wet strength tissue envelope is ruptured to provide exposure of the liquid-absorbent media contained therein when said backsheet is stripped from sald diaper.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present ''. '~''~ ~
A
S7 ?~57 ~ ~ nY~ntion, it is believed that the invention will be ( ~e~ter understood by reference to ~he following explana-tion and accompanying drawings in which~
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred ,~
embodiment of a disposable diaper of the present invention with one corner section broken out to illustrate the rela-tionship of the various structural elements;
Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the disposable diaper illustrated in Figure 1 taken along section line 2-2 of Figure l; and Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the disposable diaper illustrated in Figure 1 taken along .:
section liile 3-3 of Figure 1. -DESCRIPTIOM OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 is illustrative of a preferred embodiment -, ~'~
of a disposable diaper of the present invention. Typically, ,', a disposable diaper 1 of t~e present illvention comprises `'~
a liquid-impervioU5 backsheet 6, a liquid absorbent pad 21, `'~
and a body contacting topsheet 5. The backsheet 6 may be made of plastic, treated paper, or the,like and will typically wrap over the absorbent pad and topsheet at the edges to '~
provide side flaps 19 and 20 which serve to improve the containment characteriStics of the diape.r, as ta~ght by ;~
U. S. Patent Re. 26,151 which issued to Duncan et al. on January 31, 1967~ In a preferred embodiment of the present ~' ' : --:.
~ ~ ~579~57 invéntion, the liquid absorbent pad 21 is constructed of commi~uted wood pulp 3, generally referred to as airfelt, ~and is enveloped between a pair of tissue sheets 2 and 4 having at least moderate wet strength, The wet strength tissue sheets 2 and 4 are utilized to provide in use pad integrit,v and to prevent dusting or linting of the airfelt 3 through the porous, body contacting topsheet 5. The wet strength tissue envelope is generally desirable since the airfelt 3 has lit~le or no inherent tensile strength, The body-contacting topsheet 5 is of a liquid-pervious, and yrefera~l~ hydrophobic material. In the absence of a tissue envelope, the absorbent airfelt 3 tends to dust directly through the porous topsheet, thereby depositing lint on the wearer's skin and, in addition, creat~ng a dusty environment.
. ~
The manner in which the various elements are assemble~ is more clearly illustrated in Figures 2 and 3.
As can be seen in Figure 2, the topsheet 5 is folded about the absorbent pad 21 at the ends or waistband portions of the diaper. T~e overlapping portions of the topsheet 5 are , secured directly to the backsheet 6 by means of beads of ,, adhesive 15 and 16 extending essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad 21. The absorbent media 3 which is preferably comprised of airfelt is contained between layers of wet strength tissue paper 2 and 4. T~le end por-tions of the uppermost layer of wet strength tissue paper 4 are folded back upon themselves, while the end portions of the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue paper 2 are folded back over the end portions of the uppermost layer . . ~., ~ .
, .
' t ' ~ 7 -,, . ~ .
,,,,, - ,;, ,.... : .
~ . :
- ~0574s7 wet strength tissue paper to form an envelope about the absorbent media 3. The absorbent pad 21 is thus constrained within an outer envelope formed by the topsheet 5 and the moisture impervious backsheet 6. The absorbent pad 21 is preferably secured to the overlapping portions of the topsheet S by means of ~eads of adhesive 17 and 18 which extend essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad. Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 which also extend essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad are preferably stilized to secure the lowermost layer of wet strength ~issue paper 2 directly to the innermost surface of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6.
Referring now to Figure 3, it can be seen that the liquid absorbent pad 21 is constrained along the edge por'cior.s of the diaper within the envelope formed by the liguid-pervious topsheet 5 and the overlapping edge portions of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 which are joined together along the edge portions of the diaper by means of beads of adhesive 7 and 8 which preferably extend ~he entire length of the backsheet. It should be noted that the inner overlapping edge portions 13 and 20 of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 are not secured directly to the top- `
sheet in order to provide a gasketing action and hence better containment of exuded body fluids in accordance with the teachings of the aforementioned patent to Duncan et al.
The uppermost surface of wet strength tissue laye~r 4 is preferably secured to the lowermost surace of the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 by means of beads of adhesive 9 and 10 which extend the entire length of the absorbent pad ~1. Due ~, ~
, ~ . 8 . . i .
!:
~. ._., . ~
:
, .
to the liq~id-pervious nature of the topsheet 5, beads of adhesive 9 and 10 are normally provided simply by migration of a portion of the adhesive utilized to form beads 7 and 8 directly through the liquid-pervious topsheet whi1e the adhesive is in a liquid state.
.
A disposable diaper of the present invëntion is preferably secured in place about the waist of the wearer by means of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape fasteners 13 and 14 which are well known in the disposable diapers art.
O ' "~ :
When a disposable diaper 1 of the present invention has become soiled, the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 may be stripped from the remainder of the diaper to permit disposal of the soiled portions of the diaper by flushing .
in a conventional toilet. This is preferably accomp1ished by severing beads of adhesive 15 and 16 between the backsheet and the topsheet along the end portions of the diaper. Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 which secure the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 directly to the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 are not severed, : however, by the aforementioned stripping action.
Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 must ~e sufficiently strong , to securely bond the wet strength tissue layer 2 to the back-sheet so that the stripping action applied to the backsheet will .
., _ , . .
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., .
., .
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. ~ . . ....
J '~ '. ' . - '.... ' ,, : ' ' ;
~",',. ' ' .'' . . ~ ' ' ~ . i ~ ~0579LS7 , : ., cause~`~t-he l~er.nos~ panel cf wet st.ength tissue tG
rupture outside the beads of adhesive and thereby cause that portion of the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue paper located intermediate the adhesive glue beads 11 and 12 to remain in adherent contact with the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 when the backsheet i5 removed from the remainder of the structure. Thus a large panel of the wet strength tissue envelope utili~ed to impart strength to the low-strength liquid-absorbent media 3 in use is removed to permit rapid hydraulic erosion of the absorbent media remaining ; qithin the envelope upon rinsing of the soiled portions of the dia?cx in a toilet bo~Yl.
Depending upon such factors as the degree of wet strength inherent in the tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, the physical dimensions of the wet strengthmaterials and the quantity of absorbent media 3 employed in .
the absorben~ pad 21, it may be feasible to flush the wet strength materials in a conventional toilet bowl along with the absorbent media 3 which is readily dlssociated by hydraulic erosionO To minimize the danger of clogging marginal plumbing systems,however, the wet strength materials may be removed from the toilet bowl as an integral unit after hydraulic erosion of the absorbent media 3 and rinsing of any fecal soil therefrom. The wet strength materials may then be wrapped in the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 for disposal in con-ventional solid waste disposal systems.
' . ' ' .
Thus, applicant's invention permits a combination of previously incompatible features into a single disposable diaper structuxe, i.e., the utilization of wet strength . .
.
1~57457 tissue paper on both sides of a low-strength absorbent media to ~rovide greatly improved in use pad integrity without adversely affecting the flushability of the absorbent pad portion of the disposable diaper. ~ ~.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, adherence of the lowermost layer of wet strength ~issue dirPctly to the moisture-impervious backsheet could be accomplished by a variety of means including, for example, adhering the tissue layer to the backsheet throughout the entire area of their interface.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the pre-; sent invention, a single bead of adhesive, i.e., a~hesive -~
bead 11, is utilized to secure the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 directly to the moisture~impervious back-sheet 6. Although a single bead of adhesive will not com-pletely remove an entire panel of wet strength tissue from the absorbent pad 21, the single bead of adhesive 11 will cause the wet strength tissue envelope surrounding the absorbent media 3 to rupture when the moisture-impervious backsheet is stripped from the remainder of the structure, thereby exposing the absorbent media 3 to hydraulic erosion upon immersion of ~he soiled portions of the diaper in a 1-Oilet bowl. In such an embodiment, the moisture-impervious ; backsheet 6 is preferably stripped from the remainder of the diaper only along three sides, i.e.,~along adhesive beads 7, 8 and 15 thereby rupturing wet strength tissue layer ~ -
~ .. . . _ The present inven~ion relates generally to disposable diapers and, more particularly, to a new and improved disposable absorbent diaper pad construction which provides improved pad integrity in use without advexsely affecting pad flushability.
... .
In recent years, improvements in disposable diapers have revolutionized the diapering of infants. As the term ndisposable" implies! these diapers are designed to be dis-10 carded after a single use. Di~posable diapers generally consist of an absorbent pad, a pad-covering topsheet which contacts the infan~, and a liquid-impervious backsheet for containing liquid wastes within the absorbent pad. U. S.
Patent Re. 26,151 which issued to Duncan et al. on January 31, 15 1967 is representative of such disposable diaper structures.
As is taught by the Duncan et al. patent, a soiled diaper is preferably disposed of by stripping the moisture-impervious backsheet from the soiled absorbent portions of the structure prior to rinsing ~he soiled absorbent portions of the 20 structure in a conventional toilet wherein it tends to dis- !;
integrate prior to flushing. ~hen plies of creped cellulose wadding are employed as the absorbent media there is little or no need for enclosing the absorbent media with~n an envelope of wet strength tissue since the creped cellulose wadding 25 generally has sufficient strength to provide satisfactory in use pad integrity. When, however, the absorbent media is comprised of a low-strength material such as air-laid wood ~
pulp fluff, commonly referred to as airfelt, a strength-imparting envelope is generally-necessary no~ only to provide satisfactory ~:. '' t 1i ... . . .. . ~ . .
'~
' ' . ' ' ' . , ' ' ~ ' ' `' ~L057457 , in use pad integrity, but also to avoid the dusting and linting problems commonly associated with such low-strength , absorbent materials both during manufacture and in use.
; Failure to provide sufficient in use pad integrity in a disposable diaper adversely affects both its absorbency and its containment characteristics. Therefore a number of prior art disposable diaper structures have encapsulated the low strength absorbent media in an envelope of sheet material having at least some degree of wet strength, wet strength ;
tissue paper being most commonly utilized. ~he chief disadvantage associated with such prior art structures, ~ , ` however, is that they do not disintegrate readily upon immersion in water unless the various layers of the structure are painstakingly disassembled by the user. Hence they are not readily flushable. The term "flushable" as used herein, is primarily intended to describe the ability of,the absorbent media of a diaper pad structure to physically dissociate and structurally break down into small clumps of loose fibers by the normal action of rinsing the - ,-~0 absorbent pad in water in an ordinary toilet bowl, without ~-.,~ . ...
need for manually separating the various tissue layers employed in the absorbent pad of the diaper. All portions of the absorbent media should be capable of : ~:
safely and harmlessly passing ,through a normal household sewage system without danger of clogging the system.
,~ Once the absorbent medla has become dissociated from the portions of the diaper having at least some degree , of wet strength, i.e., the topsheet and those portions of the ` tissue envelope which are immersed in the toilet bowl, the wet strength ma~erials may either be flushed or wrapped within - ~
, - 3 ~
. .
. . . ..
.: :
"` 10574S7 the moisture-impervious backsheet after rinsing for disposal in conventional solid was~e disposal systems.
U. S. Patent 3,636,952 which issued to George on January 25, 1972 discloses a disposable diaper structure having ah absorbent core comprised of airfelt contained within an envelope of wet strength tissue, the various layers of the structure being secured together by means of embossing and gluing at their peripheries. The patent to George teaches that the diaper is preferably disposed of by stripping off and disposing of the moisture-impervious protective ~cover and then flushing the remainder of the structure in an ordinary toilet. ~owever, as should be readily apparent from an inspection of the patent, the absorbent core material . remains trapped between an envelope of wet strength tissue paper after deposition in the toilet bowl and therefore the flushability of the structure is impaired unless the various layers of the structure are manually separated.
': ' ..
U. S. Patent 3,586,000 which issued to Ness on June 22, 1971 likewise discloses a disposable diaper structure having a fluffed wood pulp absorbent filler encased on both sides by wet strength tissue. As with the patent to George, however, the absorbent media remains en-closed within an envelope of wet strength tissue upon stripping of the moisture-impervious backsheet prior to flushing.
, - , ~
~ 4 -~ ~ .
:- . . . . . ~
- :.
.. . .
, .. . . .. . . .. .
~ 1~574~7 - In view of the disadvantages and shortcomings of prlor art disposable diaper constructions, it 18 an object of the present invention to provide a dispossble, slngle use diaper havlng lmproved in use pad integrity and in which the surface of the low-strength absorbent media is exposed directly to hydraulic erosion upon rinsing of the soiled portions of the diaper in a conventional toilet without need for manually dis-assembling a plurality of layers of tissue prior to depositing the structure therein. ;~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the present invention relates to a disposable diaper having a liquid-retaining backsheet, a liquid-absorbent pad comprised of a liquid-absorbent media contained within an envelope of wet strength tissue superimposed on said liquid-~etaining backsheet and a liquid-pervious topsheet secured in superposed relation to said liquid-absorbent pad and said liquid-retaining backsheet. The novel feature according to this invention comprises attachment means for securing at least ~`
a portion of said wet strength tissue envelope located adjacent 20 said liquid-retaining backsheet directly to said backsheet, said attachment means and said liquid-retaining backsheet having greater strength than said wet strength tissue envelope, whereby said wet strength tissue envelope is ruptured to provide exposure of the liquid-absorbent media contained therein when said backsheet is stripped from sald diaper.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present ''. '~''~ ~
A
S7 ?~57 ~ ~ nY~ntion, it is believed that the invention will be ( ~e~ter understood by reference to ~he following explana-tion and accompanying drawings in which~
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred ,~
embodiment of a disposable diaper of the present invention with one corner section broken out to illustrate the rela-tionship of the various structural elements;
Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the disposable diaper illustrated in Figure 1 taken along section line 2-2 of Figure l; and Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the disposable diaper illustrated in Figure 1 taken along .:
section liile 3-3 of Figure 1. -DESCRIPTIOM OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 is illustrative of a preferred embodiment -, ~'~
of a disposable diaper of the present invention. Typically, ,', a disposable diaper 1 of t~e present illvention comprises `'~
a liquid-impervioU5 backsheet 6, a liquid absorbent pad 21, `'~
and a body contacting topsheet 5. The backsheet 6 may be made of plastic, treated paper, or the,like and will typically wrap over the absorbent pad and topsheet at the edges to '~
provide side flaps 19 and 20 which serve to improve the containment characteriStics of the diape.r, as ta~ght by ;~
U. S. Patent Re. 26,151 which issued to Duncan et al. on January 31, 1967~ In a preferred embodiment of the present ~' ' : --:.
~ ~ ~579~57 invéntion, the liquid absorbent pad 21 is constructed of commi~uted wood pulp 3, generally referred to as airfelt, ~and is enveloped between a pair of tissue sheets 2 and 4 having at least moderate wet strength, The wet strength tissue sheets 2 and 4 are utilized to provide in use pad integrit,v and to prevent dusting or linting of the airfelt 3 through the porous, body contacting topsheet 5. The wet strength tissue envelope is generally desirable since the airfelt 3 has lit~le or no inherent tensile strength, The body-contacting topsheet 5 is of a liquid-pervious, and yrefera~l~ hydrophobic material. In the absence of a tissue envelope, the absorbent airfelt 3 tends to dust directly through the porous topsheet, thereby depositing lint on the wearer's skin and, in addition, creat~ng a dusty environment.
. ~
The manner in which the various elements are assemble~ is more clearly illustrated in Figures 2 and 3.
As can be seen in Figure 2, the topsheet 5 is folded about the absorbent pad 21 at the ends or waistband portions of the diaper. T~e overlapping portions of the topsheet 5 are , secured directly to the backsheet 6 by means of beads of ,, adhesive 15 and 16 extending essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad 21. The absorbent media 3 which is preferably comprised of airfelt is contained between layers of wet strength tissue paper 2 and 4. T~le end por-tions of the uppermost layer of wet strength tissue paper 4 are folded back upon themselves, while the end portions of the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue paper 2 are folded back over the end portions of the uppermost layer . . ~., ~ .
, .
' t ' ~ 7 -,, . ~ .
,,,,, - ,;, ,.... : .
~ . :
- ~0574s7 wet strength tissue paper to form an envelope about the absorbent media 3. The absorbent pad 21 is thus constrained within an outer envelope formed by the topsheet 5 and the moisture impervious backsheet 6. The absorbent pad 21 is preferably secured to the overlapping portions of the topsheet S by means of ~eads of adhesive 17 and 18 which extend essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad. Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 which also extend essentially across the entire width of the absorbent pad are preferably stilized to secure the lowermost layer of wet strength ~issue paper 2 directly to the innermost surface of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6.
Referring now to Figure 3, it can be seen that the liquid absorbent pad 21 is constrained along the edge por'cior.s of the diaper within the envelope formed by the liguid-pervious topsheet 5 and the overlapping edge portions of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 which are joined together along the edge portions of the diaper by means of beads of adhesive 7 and 8 which preferably extend ~he entire length of the backsheet. It should be noted that the inner overlapping edge portions 13 and 20 of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 are not secured directly to the top- `
sheet in order to provide a gasketing action and hence better containment of exuded body fluids in accordance with the teachings of the aforementioned patent to Duncan et al.
The uppermost surface of wet strength tissue laye~r 4 is preferably secured to the lowermost surace of the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 by means of beads of adhesive 9 and 10 which extend the entire length of the absorbent pad ~1. Due ~, ~
, ~ . 8 . . i .
!:
~. ._., . ~
:
, .
to the liq~id-pervious nature of the topsheet 5, beads of adhesive 9 and 10 are normally provided simply by migration of a portion of the adhesive utilized to form beads 7 and 8 directly through the liquid-pervious topsheet whi1e the adhesive is in a liquid state.
.
A disposable diaper of the present invëntion is preferably secured in place about the waist of the wearer by means of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape fasteners 13 and 14 which are well known in the disposable diapers art.
O ' "~ :
When a disposable diaper 1 of the present invention has become soiled, the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 may be stripped from the remainder of the diaper to permit disposal of the soiled portions of the diaper by flushing .
in a conventional toilet. This is preferably accomp1ished by severing beads of adhesive 15 and 16 between the backsheet and the topsheet along the end portions of the diaper. Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 which secure the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 directly to the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 are not severed, : however, by the aforementioned stripping action.
Beads of adhesive 11 and 12 must ~e sufficiently strong , to securely bond the wet strength tissue layer 2 to the back-sheet so that the stripping action applied to the backsheet will .
., _ , . .
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~",',. ' ' .'' . . ~ ' ' ~ . i ~ ~0579LS7 , : ., cause~`~t-he l~er.nos~ panel cf wet st.ength tissue tG
rupture outside the beads of adhesive and thereby cause that portion of the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue paper located intermediate the adhesive glue beads 11 and 12 to remain in adherent contact with the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 when the backsheet i5 removed from the remainder of the structure. Thus a large panel of the wet strength tissue envelope utili~ed to impart strength to the low-strength liquid-absorbent media 3 in use is removed to permit rapid hydraulic erosion of the absorbent media remaining ; qithin the envelope upon rinsing of the soiled portions of the dia?cx in a toilet bo~Yl.
Depending upon such factors as the degree of wet strength inherent in the tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, the physical dimensions of the wet strengthmaterials and the quantity of absorbent media 3 employed in .
the absorben~ pad 21, it may be feasible to flush the wet strength materials in a conventional toilet bowl along with the absorbent media 3 which is readily dlssociated by hydraulic erosionO To minimize the danger of clogging marginal plumbing systems,however, the wet strength materials may be removed from the toilet bowl as an integral unit after hydraulic erosion of the absorbent media 3 and rinsing of any fecal soil therefrom. The wet strength materials may then be wrapped in the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 for disposal in con-ventional solid waste disposal systems.
' . ' ' .
Thus, applicant's invention permits a combination of previously incompatible features into a single disposable diaper structuxe, i.e., the utilization of wet strength . .
.
1~57457 tissue paper on both sides of a low-strength absorbent media to ~rovide greatly improved in use pad integrity without adversely affecting the flushability of the absorbent pad portion of the disposable diaper. ~ ~.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, adherence of the lowermost layer of wet strength ~issue dirPctly to the moisture-impervious backsheet could be accomplished by a variety of means including, for example, adhering the tissue layer to the backsheet throughout the entire area of their interface.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the pre-; sent invention, a single bead of adhesive, i.e., a~hesive -~
bead 11, is utilized to secure the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 directly to the moisture~impervious back-sheet 6. Although a single bead of adhesive will not com-pletely remove an entire panel of wet strength tissue from the absorbent pad 21, the single bead of adhesive 11 will cause the wet strength tissue envelope surrounding the absorbent media 3 to rupture when the moisture-impervious backsheet is stripped from the remainder of the structure, thereby exposing the absorbent media 3 to hydraulic erosion upon immersion of ~he soiled portions of the diaper in a 1-Oilet bowl. In such an embodiment, the moisture-impervious ; backsheet 6 is preferably stripped from the remainder of the diaper only along three sides, i.e.,~along adhesive beads 7, 8 and 15 thereby rupturing wet strength tissue layer ~ -
2 adjacent adhesive bead 11, and the soiled absorbent por-tions of the diaper are immersed in the toilet bowl and :., . ;-:
., ' :
~ . . . :
.. . . . .
3LQS7~57 rinse~to x~move any fecal soil as well as the absorbent meai4~3, while the moisture-impervious backsheet is retained in one hand. The moisture-impervious backsheet 6 re~ains secured to the topsheet 5 by means of adhesive bead 16 extending along an end or waistband portion of the diaper and to the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 by means of adhesive bead ll extending across the width of the absorbent pad 21, while the other portions of the wet strength tissue envelope remain ~ecured to the topsheet by means of adhesive beads 9 and lO extending along the edges of the diaper and adhesive beads 17 and 18 extending along the end or waistband portions of the diaper. Those portions of the diaper structure which do not readily disintegrate upon immersion in water, i.e., wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, can, after rinsing of any fecal soil and removal of the absorbent media 3 by means of hydraulic erosion, be removed from the toilet bowl and wrapped within the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 for disposal in conventional solid waste disposal systems.
20 Because the wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid- l ;
pervious topsheet 5 are disposed of in conventional solid waste disposal systems rather than by flushing in such an embodiment of the present invention, materials having much higher wet strengths may be employed in these areas, thus greatly improving the diaper's overall resistance to in use tearing and shredding without adversely affecting the flush-ability of the liquid absorbent media 3.
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; In still another embodiment of the present invention, the lowe~most layer of wet strength tissue 2 may . ' I .
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- 12 - 1~
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be a ~ xed directly to the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 at ~-m~ltiplicity of isolated locations so that the wet stréngth tissue envelope surrounding the abso bent media
., ' :
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3LQS7~57 rinse~to x~move any fecal soil as well as the absorbent meai4~3, while the moisture-impervious backsheet is retained in one hand. The moisture-impervious backsheet 6 re~ains secured to the topsheet 5 by means of adhesive bead 16 extending along an end or waistband portion of the diaper and to the lowermost layer of wet strength tissue 2 by means of adhesive bead ll extending across the width of the absorbent pad 21, while the other portions of the wet strength tissue envelope remain ~ecured to the topsheet by means of adhesive beads 9 and lO extending along the edges of the diaper and adhesive beads 17 and 18 extending along the end or waistband portions of the diaper. Those portions of the diaper structure which do not readily disintegrate upon immersion in water, i.e., wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, can, after rinsing of any fecal soil and removal of the absorbent media 3 by means of hydraulic erosion, be removed from the toilet bowl and wrapped within the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 for disposal in conventional solid waste disposal systems.
20 Because the wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 and the liquid- l ;
pervious topsheet 5 are disposed of in conventional solid waste disposal systems rather than by flushing in such an embodiment of the present invention, materials having much higher wet strengths may be employed in these areas, thus greatly improving the diaper's overall resistance to in use tearing and shredding without adversely affecting the flush-ability of the liquid absorbent media 3.
.~ :
; In still another embodiment of the present invention, the lowe~most layer of wet strength tissue 2 may . ' I .
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- 12 - 1~
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be a ~ xed directly to the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 at ~-m~ltiplicity of isolated locations so that the wet stréngth tissue envelope surrounding the abso bent media
3 becomes perforated as the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 is either partially or completely stripped from the remainder of the structure. The absorbent media 3 is thereby directly exposed tohydraulic erosion through ~he perforations in the wet strength tissue envelope upon immersion of the absorbent pad 21 in water.
In disposable diaper structures employing multiple plies of wet strength tissue to provide greatly impro~ed pad integrity in use, the present invention may be practiced with equal facility simply by employing an adhesive which is sufficiently liquid during application to permeate all of the layers of wet strength tissue located 'i intermediate the absorbent media 3 and the ~oisture-impervious backsheet 6 and which has sufficient strength to adhere the layers to each other and to the moisture-impervious backsheet so as to cause failure in the wet strength tissue plies rather than in the glue bond when the hacksheet is stripped from the remainder of the diaper structure.
In a most preferred em~odiment of the present invention, tissue layers 2 and 4 are comprised of wet strength tissue paper having a basis weight of about 12 pounds per 3,000 square ft., a dry tensile strength of between about 650 and about 950 grams per inch in the machine direction and between about 250 and about 400 grams per inch in the .' ' . . ' .
, 3~574~7 cxoss-machine direction,and a minimun. wet tensile strength of at least about 55 grams per inch in the cross-machine direction. The dry stretch characteristics of the wet strength tissue layers 2 and A are preferably about 1 per-cent elongation under a tensile load of 90 grams per inchand about 2.2 percent elongation under a tensile load of 200 grams per inch, as measured in the machine direction.
; The wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 are preferably assembled in the diaper with their machine direction aligned parallel to the direction of a& esive beads 11 and 12, i.e., parallel to the waistband portions of the diaper, to impart ; maximum strength to the waistband areas which are subject to the greatest tensile loads in u~-.
The backsheet 6 is preferably comprised of an embossed polyethylene film having a melt index between about 1.5 and about 5.4, a density between about 0.917 and about 0.92~ grams per cubic centimeter, an unembossed -caliper of about 1 mil, as measured under a load of approxi- ;
mately 95 grams per square inch, and an embossed caliper - ~;
20 between about 3 and about 3-1/2 mils, as measured under a load of approximately 95 grams per square inch. The embossed polyethylene film preferably has a machine direction tensile strength, as measured at 25 percent elongation, of at least about 800 grams per inch. One material which has been found 25 particularly suitable in the present application is embossed polyethylene film ~8020 which is availa~le from the Monsanto Company of St. Louis, Missouri.
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- ~57457 ( Any nu~ber of commercially available topsheet materials may be employed in a disposable diaper of the present invention. The wet tensile strength of the topsheet material is preferably at least about 1000 grams per inch as measured in the machine direction and at least about 180 grams per inch as measured in the cross-machine di-rection. One material found particularly suitable and which is available from The Kendall Company, of Walpole, ~ .
M~ssachusetts under the specification of Webline No. F6211 10 is comprised of a non-woven,carded rayon which has been :~
bonded with an acrylic latex. This particular ~aterial has a caliper~
of approximately 5 mils as measured under a load of 1200 grams per square inch. ~:
. ~he machine direction of the topsheet 5 is.
preferably aligned parallel to beads of adhesive 11 and 12 to align the greatest strength of the topsheet parallel to the waistband portions of the diaperr while the machine direction ~ - -of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 is normally aligned ~;
perpendicular to beads of adhesive 11 and 12 due to manu- ;
20 facturing convenience. .
. Adhesive beads 11 and 12 may be comprised of any suitable adhesive such as Eastobond No. A-3 t a hot melt a~hesive available frorn Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. of Xingsport, Tennessee. As pointed out earlier herein, the 25 chief requirement of any adhesive utilized to secure the ~ . ~
wet strength tissue envelope directly to the moisture- .. .
impervious backsheet lS simply that it produce a bond having : sufficient streng~ to cause failure in the wet strength :
, ' . . . .
~LOS7~S7 tissue envelope when the backsheet is stripped from the remainder of the diaper. Beads of adhesive 17 and 18 which secure the lowermost layex of wet strength tissue 2 to the overlapping portions of the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 are preferablv comprised of the same adhesive employed in beads 11 and 12 so that failure of the wet strength tissue layer 2 normally occurs intermediate adhesive beads 11 and 17 and/or intermediate adhesive beads 12 and 18 when the backsheet is stripped from the diaper. An adhesive having relatively high strength in shear to resist in use delamination and relatively low strength in peel to facilitate stripping of the backsheet is preferably utilized to bond the moisture-impervious basksheet 6 to the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, i.e., beads af adhesive 7, 8, 15 and 16. As pointed out earlier herein, beads of adhesive 9 and la securing the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 to the uppermost layer of wet strength tissue 4 are generally comprised of the same adhesive employed in beads 7 and 8. One material - found particularly suitable in this service is National Starch No. 34-2933, a hot melt adhesive which is available from the National Starch and Chemical Corporation of Plainfield, New Jersey.
The present invention has been described in particular detail with reference to several preferred embodi-ments, and it is not intended to hereby limit to the particular embodiments shown or described. Many other variations of the :
present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
~7hat is ~lalmed is~
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In disposable diaper structures employing multiple plies of wet strength tissue to provide greatly impro~ed pad integrity in use, the present invention may be practiced with equal facility simply by employing an adhesive which is sufficiently liquid during application to permeate all of the layers of wet strength tissue located 'i intermediate the absorbent media 3 and the ~oisture-impervious backsheet 6 and which has sufficient strength to adhere the layers to each other and to the moisture-impervious backsheet so as to cause failure in the wet strength tissue plies rather than in the glue bond when the hacksheet is stripped from the remainder of the diaper structure.
In a most preferred em~odiment of the present invention, tissue layers 2 and 4 are comprised of wet strength tissue paper having a basis weight of about 12 pounds per 3,000 square ft., a dry tensile strength of between about 650 and about 950 grams per inch in the machine direction and between about 250 and about 400 grams per inch in the .' ' . . ' .
, 3~574~7 cxoss-machine direction,and a minimun. wet tensile strength of at least about 55 grams per inch in the cross-machine direction. The dry stretch characteristics of the wet strength tissue layers 2 and A are preferably about 1 per-cent elongation under a tensile load of 90 grams per inchand about 2.2 percent elongation under a tensile load of 200 grams per inch, as measured in the machine direction.
; The wet strength tissue layers 2 and 4 are preferably assembled in the diaper with their machine direction aligned parallel to the direction of a& esive beads 11 and 12, i.e., parallel to the waistband portions of the diaper, to impart ; maximum strength to the waistband areas which are subject to the greatest tensile loads in u~-.
The backsheet 6 is preferably comprised of an embossed polyethylene film having a melt index between about 1.5 and about 5.4, a density between about 0.917 and about 0.92~ grams per cubic centimeter, an unembossed -caliper of about 1 mil, as measured under a load of approxi- ;
mately 95 grams per square inch, and an embossed caliper - ~;
20 between about 3 and about 3-1/2 mils, as measured under a load of approximately 95 grams per square inch. The embossed polyethylene film preferably has a machine direction tensile strength, as measured at 25 percent elongation, of at least about 800 grams per inch. One material which has been found 25 particularly suitable in the present application is embossed polyethylene film ~8020 which is availa~le from the Monsanto Company of St. Louis, Missouri.
, ,, ~ .
r~ t`~''' ~
- ~57457 ( Any nu~ber of commercially available topsheet materials may be employed in a disposable diaper of the present invention. The wet tensile strength of the topsheet material is preferably at least about 1000 grams per inch as measured in the machine direction and at least about 180 grams per inch as measured in the cross-machine di-rection. One material found particularly suitable and which is available from The Kendall Company, of Walpole, ~ .
M~ssachusetts under the specification of Webline No. F6211 10 is comprised of a non-woven,carded rayon which has been :~
bonded with an acrylic latex. This particular ~aterial has a caliper~
of approximately 5 mils as measured under a load of 1200 grams per square inch. ~:
. ~he machine direction of the topsheet 5 is.
preferably aligned parallel to beads of adhesive 11 and 12 to align the greatest strength of the topsheet parallel to the waistband portions of the diaperr while the machine direction ~ - -of the moisture-impervious backsheet 6 is normally aligned ~;
perpendicular to beads of adhesive 11 and 12 due to manu- ;
20 facturing convenience. .
. Adhesive beads 11 and 12 may be comprised of any suitable adhesive such as Eastobond No. A-3 t a hot melt a~hesive available frorn Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. of Xingsport, Tennessee. As pointed out earlier herein, the 25 chief requirement of any adhesive utilized to secure the ~ . ~
wet strength tissue envelope directly to the moisture- .. .
impervious backsheet lS simply that it produce a bond having : sufficient streng~ to cause failure in the wet strength :
, ' . . . .
~LOS7~S7 tissue envelope when the backsheet is stripped from the remainder of the diaper. Beads of adhesive 17 and 18 which secure the lowermost layex of wet strength tissue 2 to the overlapping portions of the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 are preferablv comprised of the same adhesive employed in beads 11 and 12 so that failure of the wet strength tissue layer 2 normally occurs intermediate adhesive beads 11 and 17 and/or intermediate adhesive beads 12 and 18 when the backsheet is stripped from the diaper. An adhesive having relatively high strength in shear to resist in use delamination and relatively low strength in peel to facilitate stripping of the backsheet is preferably utilized to bond the moisture-impervious basksheet 6 to the liquid-pervious topsheet 5, i.e., beads af adhesive 7, 8, 15 and 16. As pointed out earlier herein, beads of adhesive 9 and la securing the liquid-pervious topsheet 5 to the uppermost layer of wet strength tissue 4 are generally comprised of the same adhesive employed in beads 7 and 8. One material - found particularly suitable in this service is National Starch No. 34-2933, a hot melt adhesive which is available from the National Starch and Chemical Corporation of Plainfield, New Jersey.
The present invention has been described in particular detail with reference to several preferred embodi-ments, and it is not intended to hereby limit to the particular embodiments shown or described. Many other variations of the :
present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
~7hat is ~lalmed is~
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,: . . . - ' , .' ' ' . . :: : : :
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a disposable diaper having a liquid-retaining backsheet, a liquid-absorbent pad comprised of a liquid-absorbent media contained within an envelope of wet strength tissue superimposed on said liquid-retaining backsheet and a liquid-pervious topsheet secured in superposed relation to said liquid-absorbent pad and said liquid-retaining backsheet, the improvement which comprises attachment means for securing at least a portion of said wet strength tissue envelope located adjacent said liquid-retaining backsheet directly to said backsheet, said attachment means and said liquid-retaining backsheet having greater strength than said wet strength tissue envelope, whereby said wet strength tissue envelope is ruptured to provide exposure of the liquid-absorbent media contained therein when said backsheet is stripped from said diaper.
2. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein said attachment means for securing said wet strength tissue envelope directly to said liquid-retaining backsheet is comprised of at least one adhesive bead located intermediate said wet strength tissue envelope and said backsheet and extending substantially across the entire width of said liquid-absorbent pad.
3. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein said attachment means for securing said wet strength tissue envelope directly to said liquid-retaining backsheet is comprised of a pair of adhesive beads, each adhesive bead being located inter-mediate said wet strength tissue envelope and said backsheet and positioned near the respective end portions of said diaper, each adhesive bead extending substantially across the entire width of said liquid-absorbent pad.
4. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein said attachment means for securing said wet strength tissue envelope to said backsheet is comprised of a layer of adhesive co-extensive with the area of common interface between said wet strength tissue envelope and said backsheet.
5. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein said liquid-absorbent media is comprised of airfelt and said wet srength tissue envelope is comprised of tissue paper having a wet tensile strength of at least about 55 grams per inch, as measured in the cross-machine direction.
6. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein said wet strength tissue envelope is comprised of a multiplicity of layers of tissue paper, each layer having a wet tensile strength of at least about 55 grams per inch, as measured in the cross-machine direction.
7. The disposable diaper of claim 5, wherein said liquid-pervious topsheet has a wet tensile strength of at least about 1,000 grams per inch as measured in the machine direction and at least about 180 grams per inch as measured in the cross-machine direction.
8. The disposable diaper of claim 7, wherein said liquid-retaining backsheet is comprised of polyethylene having a machine direction tensile strength, as measured at 25 per-cent elongation, of at least about 800 grams per inch.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/525,254 US3952745A (en) | 1974-11-19 | 1974-11-19 | Disposable diaper having readily flushable absorbent media and improved pad intergrity in use |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1057457A true CA1057457A (en) | 1979-07-03 |
Family
ID=24092532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA237,868A Expired CA1057457A (en) | 1974-11-19 | 1975-10-17 | Disposable diaper having readily flushable absorbent media and improved pad integrity in use |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3952745A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5327657B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE835708A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1057457A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2551481A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES216794Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2291712A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1519480A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1052325B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX145197A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL180720C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7512939L (en) |
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| US5618347A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-04-08 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Apparatus for spraying adhesive |
| US5683752A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1997-11-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for selectively controlling a spray of liquid to form a distinct pattern |
| US6037009A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 2000-03-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for spraying adhesive |
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| US4217078A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1980-08-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Apparatus for forming a continuous reinforced fibrous web |
| US4141772A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-02-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for forming a continuous reinforced fibrous web |
| US4200103A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1980-04-29 | Personal Products Company | Increasing absorbent capacity of sanitary napkin by sealing cover material to repellent barrier |
| DE2922988A1 (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1979-12-20 | Colgate Palmolive Co | DISPOSABLE HYGIENE ITEMS WITH HYDROPHOBIC FILM AGAINST BACKNESS |
| US4210144A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-07-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable diaper having refastenable tape system |
| US4342314A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1982-08-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Resilient plastic web exhibiting fiber-like properties |
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| US6444214B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-09-03 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US7101612B2 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2006-09-05 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Pre-moistened wipe product |
| US6835678B2 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-12-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion sensitive, water-dispersible fabrics, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6683143B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-01-27 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6548592B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2003-04-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6815502B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-11-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersable polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6653406B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2003-11-25 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6429261B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-08-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6586529B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2003-07-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6828014B2 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2004-12-07 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-dispersible, cationic polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6908966B2 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2005-06-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-dispersible, cationic polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US7070854B2 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2006-07-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-dispersible, cationic polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6897168B2 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2005-05-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-dispersible, cationic polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| JP4190276B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2008-12-03 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | Disposable diapers |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3586000A (en) * | 1968-11-15 | 1971-06-22 | Johnson & Johnson | Disposable diaper |
| US3636952A (en) * | 1970-04-24 | 1972-01-25 | Riegel Textile Corp | Disposable combination flushable diaper and protective cover |
| US3868287A (en) * | 1971-04-27 | 1975-02-25 | Scott Paper Co | Absorbent pad and method for making same |
| US3794038A (en) * | 1972-10-16 | 1974-02-26 | Procter & Gamble | Disposable diaper with tape fastener having a release liner which also provides a means to grip and remove the topsheet |
| US3865111A (en) * | 1973-04-09 | 1975-02-11 | Domtar Ltd | Easily disposable diaper with sealing bead |
-
1974
- 1974-11-19 US US05/525,254 patent/US3952745A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-10-17 CA CA237,868A patent/CA1057457A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-15 DE DE19752551481 patent/DE2551481A1/en active Granted
- 1975-11-17 GB GB47322/75A patent/GB1519480A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-18 NL NLAANVRAGE7513432,A patent/NL180720C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-11-18 SE SE7512939A patent/SE7512939L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-11-18 FR FR7535169A patent/FR2291712A1/en active Granted
- 1975-11-18 MX MX161986A patent/MX145197A/en unknown
- 1975-11-19 BE BE161983A patent/BE835708A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-11-19 ES ES1975216794U patent/ES216794Y/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-19 JP JP13825275A patent/JPS5327657B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-11-19 IT IT52289/75A patent/IT1052325B/en active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5509915A (en) | 1991-09-11 | 1996-04-23 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Thin absorbent article having rapid uptake of liquid |
| US5683752A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1997-11-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for selectively controlling a spray of liquid to form a distinct pattern |
| US5618347A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-04-08 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Apparatus for spraying adhesive |
| US6037009A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 2000-03-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for spraying adhesive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES216794Y (en) | 1977-03-01 |
| GB1519480A (en) | 1978-07-26 |
| FR2291712B1 (en) | 1981-04-30 |
| US3952745A (en) | 1976-04-27 |
| DE2551481A1 (en) | 1976-05-20 |
| JPS51103545A (en) | 1976-09-13 |
| NL7513432A (en) | 1976-05-21 |
| IT1052325B (en) | 1981-06-20 |
| DE2551481C2 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
| FR2291712A1 (en) | 1976-06-18 |
| MX145197A (en) | 1982-01-14 |
| NL180720B (en) | 1986-11-17 |
| JPS5327657B2 (en) | 1978-08-09 |
| BE835708A (en) | 1976-05-19 |
| ES216794U (en) | 1976-08-01 |
| NL180720C (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| SE7512939L (en) | 1976-05-20 |
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