CA1055391A - Fluid carrier recovery system - Google Patents
Fluid carrier recovery systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1055391A CA1055391A CA255,297A CA255297A CA1055391A CA 1055391 A CA1055391 A CA 1055391A CA 255297 A CA255297 A CA 255297A CA 1055391 A CA1055391 A CA 1055391A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- solvent
- oil
- flow passage
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
This disclosure relates to a fluid carrier recovery system for recovering oil and like deposits from an under-ground source wherein the oil is deposited in an unpumpable form and wherein the oil is recovered by directing into the oil deposit a carrier which will fill a large volume of the oil deposit and which will flow upwardly through a flow passage in the earth to a location adjacent or above the sur-face of the earth, followed by the introduction into the lower part of such volume of a solvent for the oil, the solvent hav-ing a lesser specific gravity than the carrier and being operative on the oil to form oil-solvent droplets which float in the carrier and flow to the top of the flow passage for recovery. The carrier is preferably water and the solvent may be an inexpensive mineral spirit immiscible with water.
This disclosure relates to a fluid carrier recovery system for recovering oil and like deposits from an under-ground source wherein the oil is deposited in an unpumpable form and wherein the oil is recovered by directing into the oil deposit a carrier which will fill a large volume of the oil deposit and which will flow upwardly through a flow passage in the earth to a location adjacent or above the sur-face of the earth, followed by the introduction into the lower part of such volume of a solvent for the oil, the solvent hav-ing a lesser specific gravity than the carrier and being operative on the oil to form oil-solvent droplets which float in the carrier and flow to the top of the flow passage for recovery. The carrier is preferably water and the solvent may be an inexpensive mineral spirit immiscible with water.
Description
~.~S539~
This invPntion relates in general to a new and useful fluid carrier recovery system for recoverin~ oil an~
the like from an underground source wherein the oil is de- -posited in an unpumpable form~
; It is well known that there are very large deposi,s of tar sand in Canada the recovery of which to date is not economically feasible. In a like manner there are very large deposits in the ~nited States of oil shale wherein the recovery of the oil is not economically feasible. In addition ths processes which have been developed to date for recovering oil from tar sand and oil shale have pollution pro~lems.
As will be described hereinafter, there has been d~veloped a recovery system particularly adapted for recover-ing oil from tar sand and which system in a liXe manner is o~erable for removing oil from oil shale and soluable hydro-- carbons from coal deposits.
An attempt has been made to remove oil from tar sand by pumping a sol~ent into the tar sand. The introduction o~
; the solvent into the tar sand has changed the constituency OI
the tar sand from a very heavy, very thick unpumpabIe material to a less heavy, less thick, but still unpumpable, material with the loss of large vOlUme5 of solvent. The problem has been not that the solvent does not thin the oil so that it can be removed from the sand, but that there is nothing to induce flow of the oil-solvent mixture or solution out of the sand.
The sand remains part of the mixture and cannot be pumped from the surface.
Further, even if it were possible to add sufficient - solvent to the tar sand so as to ob-tain a pumpable mixture, this ~auld be uneconomical for several reasons. Eirst of all, the volume of the sand constitutes approximately 90~ of the - . . , . : . , :. .
~L05~3~
tar sand. Secondly, sand is very abrasive and the wear ~nd tear on equipment would be prohibitive. Thirdly, there must be some disposal of the sand. In the areas where the tar sand exists, there is no need for the sand. On the other hand, it is virtually impossible to return the sand under-ground generally to its point of origin.
In accordance with this invention, the problem of separating the oil-solvent mixture or solution from the sand has been extremely simplified. A suitable carrier, such as water, is pumped into the tar sand in sufficient volume that the water fills the cavities in the tar sana and further flows back up to or subs~antially adjacent the surface of the earth through a flow passage in the earth down to the ~ar sand de-posit. Then when a suitabie solvent is introduced into the tar sand, the solvent dilutes the oil to the extent that drop-lets of oil-solvent mixture or solution are released from the sand and these droplets float in the carrier up to the earth's surface through the flow passage. The oil is thus separated from the sand in situ so that the sand need not be handled at all. Further, because the oil-solvent mixture or solution ~reely floats upwardly within the carrier to above the surface of the carrier, no pumping of the oil-solvent mixture or solu-tion per se is required. Basically, all that is required is that sufficient volumes of the carrier (wa~er) is flowed under-
This invPntion relates in general to a new and useful fluid carrier recovery system for recoverin~ oil an~
the like from an underground source wherein the oil is de- -posited in an unpumpable form~
; It is well known that there are very large deposi,s of tar sand in Canada the recovery of which to date is not economically feasible. In a like manner there are very large deposits in the ~nited States of oil shale wherein the recovery of the oil is not economically feasible. In addition ths processes which have been developed to date for recovering oil from tar sand and oil shale have pollution pro~lems.
As will be described hereinafter, there has been d~veloped a recovery system particularly adapted for recover-ing oil from tar sand and which system in a liXe manner is o~erable for removing oil from oil shale and soluable hydro-- carbons from coal deposits.
An attempt has been made to remove oil from tar sand by pumping a sol~ent into the tar sand. The introduction o~
; the solvent into the tar sand has changed the constituency OI
the tar sand from a very heavy, very thick unpumpabIe material to a less heavy, less thick, but still unpumpable, material with the loss of large vOlUme5 of solvent. The problem has been not that the solvent does not thin the oil so that it can be removed from the sand, but that there is nothing to induce flow of the oil-solvent mixture or solution out of the sand.
The sand remains part of the mixture and cannot be pumped from the surface.
Further, even if it were possible to add sufficient - solvent to the tar sand so as to ob-tain a pumpable mixture, this ~auld be uneconomical for several reasons. Eirst of all, the volume of the sand constitutes approximately 90~ of the - . . , . : . , :. .
~L05~3~
tar sand. Secondly, sand is very abrasive and the wear ~nd tear on equipment would be prohibitive. Thirdly, there must be some disposal of the sand. In the areas where the tar sand exists, there is no need for the sand. On the other hand, it is virtually impossible to return the sand under-ground generally to its point of origin.
In accordance with this invention, the problem of separating the oil-solvent mixture or solution from the sand has been extremely simplified. A suitable carrier, such as water, is pumped into the tar sand in sufficient volume that the water fills the cavities in the tar sana and further flows back up to or subs~antially adjacent the surface of the earth through a flow passage in the earth down to the ~ar sand de-posit. Then when a suitabie solvent is introduced into the tar sand, the solvent dilutes the oil to the extent that drop-lets of oil-solvent mixture or solution are released from the sand and these droplets float in the carrier up to the earth's surface through the flow passage. The oil is thus separated from the sand in situ so that the sand need not be handled at all. Further, because the oil-solvent mixture or solution ~reely floats upwardly within the carrier to above the surface of the carrier, no pumping of the oil-solvent mixture or solu-tion per se is required. Basically, all that is required is that sufficient volumes of the carrier (wa~er) is flowed under-
2~ ground to maintain a carrier level within the flow passageabove which it is desired to have the oil-solvent mixture or ~ solution float ~or recovery purposes and to continuously supply sufficient quantities of solvent to effect a reduction in the viscosity of the oil so that it will free itse.Lf from the sand and float in the carrier.
..
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~L~S53~9~
The manner in which these and other objects of this invention is attained will be made clear ~y considera~ion - of the following specification and claims when taken in con-junction with the single drawing which is a schematic ~ragm~n- , tary sectional view taken through the earth showing the speci- -fic details of the fluid carrier recovery system.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, it will b~
seen that there is illustrated a typical sectional view, ~i~h parts broken away, of the earth wherein there is deposited oi1 ' , in an unpumpable form. A typical tar sand deposit, generally identified by the numeral 5, is disposed below the surface of - '~
the earth and has disposed in overlying relation thereto a~ ~;
,overburden 6. The overburden will in most instances have a thickness of 500 feet or greater. In a like manner, the tar ,sand layer may have a thickness on the order o~ 500 feet or greater. Below the tar sand layer 5 is an underburden 7 which in many instances is in the form of rock. The under-burden normally forms a seal below the tar sand layer. ~ ;~
In accordance with this invention, a flow passage 8 is formed from the earth surface down throug,h the overburden6 into the upper part of the tar sand layer 5. Depending upon the nature of the overhurden 6, the ~low passage 8 may be, for the most part, a drilled hole although the upper part thereof will be provided with a casing 9. The casing 9, if it,is ~ , required to extend down through the overburden 6, will ext~nd into the tar sand layer 5 only a relatively short distance.
A carrier supply pipe 10 is directed down into the earth to a position somewhat near the bo-ttom of the tar sand layer 5. The carrier supply pipe 10, for convenience pur-poses, may extend down through the flow passage 8. It is to '~
:
.. . . .. . ...
~ , ~S53~3i3 be understood that due to the relatively great head of th~
carrier within the carrier supply pipe 10, for all practical purposes, no pumping of the carrier is required. However, the pressure of the carrier at the bottom of the carrier '5 supply pipe 10 will be very high and sufficient to permit the flow of the carrier into a large volume of the tar'sand, this volume being generally outlined by dotted lines and identl~ied , ~y the numeral 11. The volume of the carrier directed through the carrier supply pipe 10 will be such not only to fill the volume 11 with the carrier, but also to fill the flow passage 8 with the carrier to a relatively high level, such as the carrier level 12.
A solvent supply pipe 13 is also directed into the earth and terminates ~ithin the volume 11 substantially at 15 the bottom of the tar sand layer 5. The solvent supply pipe -~
13 may also pass down through the flow passage 8 althDugh it may be separately installed.
It is to be und~rstood that the solvent delivered to the bottom of the volume 11 through the solvent supply pipe 13 will be distributed within the volume 11 and due,to the fact that it is of a lower specific gravity than the carrier, the solvent will float upwardly within the volume 11 and in doing so will form in combination with the oil, oil-solvent droplets ,~-which will separate from the sand and float upwardly within the volume 11 due to the fact that the oil-solvent droplets have a specific gravity less than that of the carrier. The , ' ~ ... .
oil-solvent droplets will migrate towards the flow passage 8 and up through the flow passage 8 to form an oil-solvent supply 14 ~bove the carrier level 12. ~' ' At this time it is pointed out that the most , ' f ' :' -5- ~
: ., - ; - _-.. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
~I~S53~
feasible carrier will be water. However, the specific gravity of the water may be raised by adding thereto conventional salt so that, depending upon the availability of salt, the carrier will be either water or a salt-water solution~ The carrier will be supplied to the carrier supply pipe 10 from a carrier supply 15 with the carrier flow being primarily gravitational.
The solvent must have a specific gravity less than that of the carrier. It is also preferred that the solvent not be miscible with the carrier. It has been found that the preferred colvents, from a standpoi~t of economy, should ~e mineral spirits and hydrocarbons. Conventional solvents such a~ varsol, a trademark of Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, naphtha, lacquex thinner, tolulene, butane, benzene, methane and propane may be utilized. Also, hydrogen may be utilized as a solvent. It is to be understood that butane, me-thane, hy~rogen and propane will be liquids at the pressures invol~ed.
It is to be understood that a sinyle solvent may be 1,ilized although it is desired that a mixture of several solvents be used in that different constituents of the oil more readily pass into solution with different solvents.
It is also to be understood that the specific gravity of an average solvent is on the order of 0.6 and that the specific gravity of the oil-solvent droplet is on the oraer of 0.9. Therefore, ~he carrier should have a specific gravity greater than 0.9 which makes water, with a specific gravity of 1.0, a satisfactory carrier. However, the greater the differential between the specific gravity of the oil-sol~ent droplets and that of the carrierV the greater the rate o~ flow of such droplets towards ~he surface. It is for this reason that it may be desired to ;ncrease the specific , .
. .
, ^`` : `
~LOS53~
gravity of water, when utilized as a carrier, by the addition of salt or other materials which will readily go into solution with water so as to increase the specific gravity thereof~
It is to be understood that while the flow collected from the upper end of the flow passage 8 will be pri~arily an oil-solvent solution or mixture, the collected liquid will also include a certain amount of the carriex.
These are passed into a conventional type of separator 16 which functions to remove the carrier at 17, solvent at 18 and oil at 19. While the collected carrier will flow back down through the carrier supply pipe 10 under gravity, due to the di~Eerence in specific gravity between the solvent and the carrier, it is necessary that the solvent be pumped down ~5 ~hrough the ~olvent supply pipe 13. Accordingly, the separ~ted solvent will be passed through a pump 20.
It is also to be understood that an initial solvent su~pply is required and this is identified by the numeral 21.
Pump 20 will be utilized to pump the initial solvent supply into the earth.
Further, it is to be understood that the oil in the tar sand naturally has a small percentage of the solvents.
Thus rather than the solvent supply beingdepleted during the operation of the system, once the system is operating at a maximum, there will be a recovery of solvent which may be re~urned to the solvent supply 21.
It will be readily apparent that not only is the reco~ery system very economical, but also there is no pollution problem invoived. First of all, the carrier supply will be a natural supply with it being feasible to even ;~
.. ,. , ~ ~.
: . . : . , , ~, . ...
.. . . . :
539~ ~
,: :
utilize ocean water. Secondly, none o~ the water which is directed into the ground is distributed on the surface. ~lot only is all of the separated water passing fr~m the separator 16 returnable into the ground, but as the oil is removed, it must be replaced by like volumes of water.
As pointed out above, for all practical purposes, ;~
the solvent is recirculated. However, the excess solvent is collected and is valuable. Of course, the collected oil is the product which is being recovered and is therefore salvaged in its entirety.
It is also to be recognized that the cos-t of operat-ing the system is a minimum. No power, or practially no power, is required to place the carrier in the ground.
Certain pumping power is required to place the solvent in the ground. It is also recognized that certain power is required to operate the separator. However, the required power is minimal and once the system is in operation, no outside power -i5 required in that the recovered products may be utilized ;~
for power purposes.
Although the recovery system has beien primarily developed for use in recovering oil from tar sand, it will be apparent that whereever oil exists in an unpumpable state and yet removable as droplets by introducing thereinto a solvent, the recovery system is feasible. Particular reference is ~-made here to the recovery of oil from oil shale and coal.
Although only a preferred embodiment of the inven-- tion has been specifically illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that minor variations may be made in the recovery system without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the appended cla:ims.
,~.
( ,~
- - . .... .
..
' 3- ~
- ` `
~L~S53~9~
The manner in which these and other objects of this invention is attained will be made clear ~y considera~ion - of the following specification and claims when taken in con-junction with the single drawing which is a schematic ~ragm~n- , tary sectional view taken through the earth showing the speci- -fic details of the fluid carrier recovery system.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, it will b~
seen that there is illustrated a typical sectional view, ~i~h parts broken away, of the earth wherein there is deposited oi1 ' , in an unpumpable form. A typical tar sand deposit, generally identified by the numeral 5, is disposed below the surface of - '~
the earth and has disposed in overlying relation thereto a~ ~;
,overburden 6. The overburden will in most instances have a thickness of 500 feet or greater. In a like manner, the tar ,sand layer may have a thickness on the order o~ 500 feet or greater. Below the tar sand layer 5 is an underburden 7 which in many instances is in the form of rock. The under-burden normally forms a seal below the tar sand layer. ~ ;~
In accordance with this invention, a flow passage 8 is formed from the earth surface down throug,h the overburden6 into the upper part of the tar sand layer 5. Depending upon the nature of the overhurden 6, the ~low passage 8 may be, for the most part, a drilled hole although the upper part thereof will be provided with a casing 9. The casing 9, if it,is ~ , required to extend down through the overburden 6, will ext~nd into the tar sand layer 5 only a relatively short distance.
A carrier supply pipe 10 is directed down into the earth to a position somewhat near the bo-ttom of the tar sand layer 5. The carrier supply pipe 10, for convenience pur-poses, may extend down through the flow passage 8. It is to '~
:
.. . . .. . ...
~ , ~S53~3i3 be understood that due to the relatively great head of th~
carrier within the carrier supply pipe 10, for all practical purposes, no pumping of the carrier is required. However, the pressure of the carrier at the bottom of the carrier '5 supply pipe 10 will be very high and sufficient to permit the flow of the carrier into a large volume of the tar'sand, this volume being generally outlined by dotted lines and identl~ied , ~y the numeral 11. The volume of the carrier directed through the carrier supply pipe 10 will be such not only to fill the volume 11 with the carrier, but also to fill the flow passage 8 with the carrier to a relatively high level, such as the carrier level 12.
A solvent supply pipe 13 is also directed into the earth and terminates ~ithin the volume 11 substantially at 15 the bottom of the tar sand layer 5. The solvent supply pipe -~
13 may also pass down through the flow passage 8 althDugh it may be separately installed.
It is to be und~rstood that the solvent delivered to the bottom of the volume 11 through the solvent supply pipe 13 will be distributed within the volume 11 and due,to the fact that it is of a lower specific gravity than the carrier, the solvent will float upwardly within the volume 11 and in doing so will form in combination with the oil, oil-solvent droplets ,~-which will separate from the sand and float upwardly within the volume 11 due to the fact that the oil-solvent droplets have a specific gravity less than that of the carrier. The , ' ~ ... .
oil-solvent droplets will migrate towards the flow passage 8 and up through the flow passage 8 to form an oil-solvent supply 14 ~bove the carrier level 12. ~' ' At this time it is pointed out that the most , ' f ' :' -5- ~
: ., - ; - _-.. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
~I~S53~
feasible carrier will be water. However, the specific gravity of the water may be raised by adding thereto conventional salt so that, depending upon the availability of salt, the carrier will be either water or a salt-water solution~ The carrier will be supplied to the carrier supply pipe 10 from a carrier supply 15 with the carrier flow being primarily gravitational.
The solvent must have a specific gravity less than that of the carrier. It is also preferred that the solvent not be miscible with the carrier. It has been found that the preferred colvents, from a standpoi~t of economy, should ~e mineral spirits and hydrocarbons. Conventional solvents such a~ varsol, a trademark of Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, naphtha, lacquex thinner, tolulene, butane, benzene, methane and propane may be utilized. Also, hydrogen may be utilized as a solvent. It is to be understood that butane, me-thane, hy~rogen and propane will be liquids at the pressures invol~ed.
It is to be understood that a sinyle solvent may be 1,ilized although it is desired that a mixture of several solvents be used in that different constituents of the oil more readily pass into solution with different solvents.
It is also to be understood that the specific gravity of an average solvent is on the order of 0.6 and that the specific gravity of the oil-solvent droplet is on the oraer of 0.9. Therefore, ~he carrier should have a specific gravity greater than 0.9 which makes water, with a specific gravity of 1.0, a satisfactory carrier. However, the greater the differential between the specific gravity of the oil-sol~ent droplets and that of the carrierV the greater the rate o~ flow of such droplets towards ~he surface. It is for this reason that it may be desired to ;ncrease the specific , .
. .
, ^`` : `
~LOS53~
gravity of water, when utilized as a carrier, by the addition of salt or other materials which will readily go into solution with water so as to increase the specific gravity thereof~
It is to be understood that while the flow collected from the upper end of the flow passage 8 will be pri~arily an oil-solvent solution or mixture, the collected liquid will also include a certain amount of the carriex.
These are passed into a conventional type of separator 16 which functions to remove the carrier at 17, solvent at 18 and oil at 19. While the collected carrier will flow back down through the carrier supply pipe 10 under gravity, due to the di~Eerence in specific gravity between the solvent and the carrier, it is necessary that the solvent be pumped down ~5 ~hrough the ~olvent supply pipe 13. Accordingly, the separ~ted solvent will be passed through a pump 20.
It is also to be understood that an initial solvent su~pply is required and this is identified by the numeral 21.
Pump 20 will be utilized to pump the initial solvent supply into the earth.
Further, it is to be understood that the oil in the tar sand naturally has a small percentage of the solvents.
Thus rather than the solvent supply beingdepleted during the operation of the system, once the system is operating at a maximum, there will be a recovery of solvent which may be re~urned to the solvent supply 21.
It will be readily apparent that not only is the reco~ery system very economical, but also there is no pollution problem invoived. First of all, the carrier supply will be a natural supply with it being feasible to even ;~
.. ,. , ~ ~.
: . . : . , , ~, . ...
.. . . . :
539~ ~
,: :
utilize ocean water. Secondly, none o~ the water which is directed into the ground is distributed on the surface. ~lot only is all of the separated water passing fr~m the separator 16 returnable into the ground, but as the oil is removed, it must be replaced by like volumes of water.
As pointed out above, for all practical purposes, ;~
the solvent is recirculated. However, the excess solvent is collected and is valuable. Of course, the collected oil is the product which is being recovered and is therefore salvaged in its entirety.
It is also to be recognized that the cos-t of operat-ing the system is a minimum. No power, or practially no power, is required to place the carrier in the ground.
Certain pumping power is required to place the solvent in the ground. It is also recognized that certain power is required to operate the separator. However, the required power is minimal and once the system is in operation, no outside power -i5 required in that the recovered products may be utilized ;~
for power purposes.
Although the recovery system has beien primarily developed for use in recovering oil from tar sand, it will be apparent that whereever oil exists in an unpumpable state and yet removable as droplets by introducing thereinto a solvent, the recovery system is feasible. Particular reference is ~-made here to the recovery of oil from oil shale and coal.
Although only a preferred embodiment of the inven-- tion has been specifically illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that minor variations may be made in the recovery system without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the appended cla:ims.
,~.
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- - . .... .
Claims (12)
1. A method of recovering oil and the like from an underground source wherein the oil is deposited in an unpumpable form, said method comprising the steps of pro-viding a flow passage down to an upper part of the oil generally in alignment with and below said flow passage until a large volume of the oil deposit below the flow passage is filled with the carrier and the carrier reaches a predetermined level within the flow passage above the oil deposit, and then flowing a solvent for the oil into the volume of the oil deposit filled by the carrier, the solvent having a specific gravity less than the carrier and when com-bined with oil having a specific gravity less than the carrier whereby as mixtures of oil and solvent are formed the mixtures will float to the surface of the carrier with-in the flow passage for recovery.
2. The method of Claim 1 wherein the solvent is directed into the lower part of the volume of oil deposit filled with the carrier for upward circulation through the ail deposit due to the relative specific gravities of the solvent and the carrier.
3. The method of Claim 1 wherein the solvent is substantially immiscible with the carrier.
4. The method of Claim 1 wherein the carrier is primarily water.
5. The method of Claim l wherein the carrier is a mixture of water and means for increasing the specific gravity o water.
6. The method of Claim 1 wherein the carrier is a mixture of water and salt wherein the specific gravity of the carrier is greater than 1Ø
7. The method of Claim 1 wherein the solvent is a mixture of several solvents each being a solvent for a constituent of the oil to provide for maximum oil recovery.
8. The method of Claim 1 wherein the solvent is a mineral based solvent as opposed to a vegetable based solvent.
9. The method of Claim 1 wherein all products received from the flow passage fall in the categories of materials returned underground and usable retained materials.
10. Apparatus for recovering oil and the like from an underground source wherein oil is deposited in an unpump-able form, said apparatus comprising means for defining a flow passage generally from the surface of the earth to an upper portion of the source, carrier supply means for flowing a liquid carrier into a lower portion of the source generally in vertical alignment with the flow passage to fill a volume of the source and a major portion of said flow passage with a carrier, solvent supply means for directing a solvent into a lower portion of the volume, and collector means connected to the upper end of said flow passage for receiving an oil-solvent mixture floating on the carrier within said flow passage.
11. The apparatus of Claim 10 wherein said collector means includes means for separating solvent from oil, and said solvent supply means includes means for re-circulating at least a major portion of the separated solvent.
12. The apparatus of Claim 10 wherein said collector means includes means for separating solvent, oil and carrier from one another, said carrier supply means including means for returning separated carrier, and said solvent supply means includes means for recirculating at least a major portion of the separated solvent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA255,297A CA1055391A (en) | 1976-06-21 | 1976-06-21 | Fluid carrier recovery system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA255,297A CA1055391A (en) | 1976-06-21 | 1976-06-21 | Fluid carrier recovery system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1055391A true CA1055391A (en) | 1979-05-29 |
Family
ID=4106245
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA255,297A Expired CA1055391A (en) | 1976-06-21 | 1976-06-21 | Fluid carrier recovery system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1055391A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-06-21 CA CA255,297A patent/CA1055391A/en not_active Expired
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