CA1053470A - Slurry explosive - Google Patents
Slurry explosiveInfo
- Publication number
- CA1053470A CA1053470A CA236,660A CA236660A CA1053470A CA 1053470 A CA1053470 A CA 1053470A CA 236660 A CA236660 A CA 236660A CA 1053470 A CA1053470 A CA 1053470A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- explosive composition
- nitrate
- explosive
- urea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A gel-type explosive having enhanced storage sta-bility is provided. It includes a solid explosive material (e.g. T.N.T., PETN, RDX or pentolite) dispersed within a gel-type slurry containing antifreeze components (e.g.
urea, formamide and ethylene glycol) and at least 1.25%
by weight guar as a thickner.
A gel-type explosive having enhanced storage sta-bility is provided. It includes a solid explosive material (e.g. T.N.T., PETN, RDX or pentolite) dispersed within a gel-type slurry containing antifreeze components (e.g.
urea, formamide and ethylene glycol) and at least 1.25%
by weight guar as a thickner.
Description
The present invention relates to explosive compo-sitions. It relates more $pecifically to such explosive compositions which are of the slurry type, and which also have good storage stability under adverse conditions.
Gelatinous and semi-gelatinous high explosives (which are known as gelatin dynamites or semi-gelatin dy-namites) are well known in the art. These are plastic or cohesive in character and consist of gelatinized explosive agents. In such gelatinized explosive the gel-phase is blended with other ingredients including oxidizing agents, carbonaceous ingredients and the like to form finished explosive mixtures. (See, for example, Canadian Patent No. 865,033 issued Mar. 2, 1971 to Neil E. Gehrig, et al, directed to a gelled nitric acid blasting composition;
Canadian Patent No. 778,709 issued Feb. 20, 1968 to John A. Arbie dlrected to an ammonium nitrate explosive gel of improved antifreeze properties; Canadian Patent No.
688,919 issued June 16, 1964 to Alan H.B. Weeks directed to a gelled explosive CQntaining ammonium nitrate, sodium 20 nitrate, explosive granules and a gelling agent; and Cana-dian Patent No. 957,152 issued Nov. 5, 1974 to Errol L.
Falconer et al, directed to a gelatinized explosive composi-tion including lower aliphatic glycols). Such explosives may be prepared in a wide range of strengths and with a 25 variety of physical characteristics and consequently may be tailored for specific end uses.
However, a deficiency of these gel-type explosive compositions is that the degree or extent of cohesiveness of such mixtures largely depends on the quantity of liquid 30 sensitizer gel-phase present~ Furthermore such slurry explosives generally do not have good storage stability.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide gel-type explosive which would have enhanced storage stability.
Thus, it would be desirable to provide an improved explosive for engineering tasks, e.g., for use in mining or blasting operations at low temperatures where it may be required to sti~re the explosive over long periods of time.
By a broad aspect of this invention, an explosive composition is provided comprising a solid explosive ma-terial dispersed within a gel-type slurry, containing anti-freeze components and at least 1.25% by weight of guar gum as a thickness.
In a specific aspect of this invention, the gel-type slurry includes various antifreeze agents e.g., urea, formamide and ethylene glycol and a high concentration of a gelliffg agent e.g., at least 1.25% by weight of guar gum to provide stability under adverse climatic conditions.
It also typically contains nitrates (e.g., ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, etc.), any of the conventional solid explosive materials or boosters (e.g., T.N.T., PETN, RDX, pentolite, tetryl, etc.).
Thus, the present invention, in one of its main aspects is based on an increase in the thickener concentration to at least 1.25% by weight and on the inclusion of certain antifreeze components.
The novel explosive composition within aspects of this invention includes a gel-type slurry and a solid explo-sive and detonator. The gel-type slurry includes nitrate sa~ts, a thickener, antifreeze agents and water. Generally, the nitrate salts are present in amounts of from 41 - 59%
by weight, but usually in an amount of 50% by weight. In 10534~0 general ammonium nitrate is present in amounts of 24 - 34%
by weight (preferably 29% by weight); sodium nitrate is present in amounts of 4 - 6% by weight (preferably 5% by weight); and calcium nitrate is present in amounts of 13 -19% by weight (preferably 16~ by weight).
The antifreeze components are generally present in amounts of from 8% to 11% by weight, and preferably in an amount of 9.8% by weight. In general, each of the urea and formaldehyde is present in amounts of 2.0 - 2.8% by weight (preferably 2.4% by weight); and ethylene glycol in amounts of 4% - 6% (preferably 5% by weight.
The thickener used is guar gum, whose principal constituent is mannogalactan. The thickener must be used in an amount of at least 1.25% by weight and up to amounts of 2.25% by weight.
The final component of the gel-type slurry is water, which is used in necessary amounts, e.g., from 10% - 15%
by weight. The solid explosive used is TNT, PETN, RDX, pentolite, tetryl, etc. used in amounts of 22 - 30% by weight, and preferably in amounts of 26% by weight.
The detonator is a small amount of an easily ex-plodable charge, e.g., lead azide or potassium pyroanti-monate. It generally is used in amounts of approximately 0.01% by weight.
The invention in one of its aspects, is exemplified below:
The slurry explosive contained:
% by weight Nitrate Salts: Ammonium Nitrate 29 Sodium Nitrate 5 Calcium Nitrate 16 Thickener: Guar 1.25 - 2.18 Antifreeze: Urea 2.4 Formamide 2.4 Ethylene Glycol 5 Solid Explosive: T.N.T. 26 Water 12 - 13 Detonator: C-20 (potassium pyroantimonate) approx. 0.01 It was found that the slurry explosive above de-scribed has excellent stability. When a similar explosive composition containing less than 1.25% by weight guar was tested, it was found to have poor storage stability.
Gelatinous and semi-gelatinous high explosives (which are known as gelatin dynamites or semi-gelatin dy-namites) are well known in the art. These are plastic or cohesive in character and consist of gelatinized explosive agents. In such gelatinized explosive the gel-phase is blended with other ingredients including oxidizing agents, carbonaceous ingredients and the like to form finished explosive mixtures. (See, for example, Canadian Patent No. 865,033 issued Mar. 2, 1971 to Neil E. Gehrig, et al, directed to a gelled nitric acid blasting composition;
Canadian Patent No. 778,709 issued Feb. 20, 1968 to John A. Arbie dlrected to an ammonium nitrate explosive gel of improved antifreeze properties; Canadian Patent No.
688,919 issued June 16, 1964 to Alan H.B. Weeks directed to a gelled explosive CQntaining ammonium nitrate, sodium 20 nitrate, explosive granules and a gelling agent; and Cana-dian Patent No. 957,152 issued Nov. 5, 1974 to Errol L.
Falconer et al, directed to a gelatinized explosive composi-tion including lower aliphatic glycols). Such explosives may be prepared in a wide range of strengths and with a 25 variety of physical characteristics and consequently may be tailored for specific end uses.
However, a deficiency of these gel-type explosive compositions is that the degree or extent of cohesiveness of such mixtures largely depends on the quantity of liquid 30 sensitizer gel-phase present~ Furthermore such slurry explosives generally do not have good storage stability.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide gel-type explosive which would have enhanced storage stability.
Thus, it would be desirable to provide an improved explosive for engineering tasks, e.g., for use in mining or blasting operations at low temperatures where it may be required to sti~re the explosive over long periods of time.
By a broad aspect of this invention, an explosive composition is provided comprising a solid explosive ma-terial dispersed within a gel-type slurry, containing anti-freeze components and at least 1.25% by weight of guar gum as a thickness.
In a specific aspect of this invention, the gel-type slurry includes various antifreeze agents e.g., urea, formamide and ethylene glycol and a high concentration of a gelliffg agent e.g., at least 1.25% by weight of guar gum to provide stability under adverse climatic conditions.
It also typically contains nitrates (e.g., ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, etc.), any of the conventional solid explosive materials or boosters (e.g., T.N.T., PETN, RDX, pentolite, tetryl, etc.).
Thus, the present invention, in one of its main aspects is based on an increase in the thickener concentration to at least 1.25% by weight and on the inclusion of certain antifreeze components.
The novel explosive composition within aspects of this invention includes a gel-type slurry and a solid explo-sive and detonator. The gel-type slurry includes nitrate sa~ts, a thickener, antifreeze agents and water. Generally, the nitrate salts are present in amounts of from 41 - 59%
by weight, but usually in an amount of 50% by weight. In 10534~0 general ammonium nitrate is present in amounts of 24 - 34%
by weight (preferably 29% by weight); sodium nitrate is present in amounts of 4 - 6% by weight (preferably 5% by weight); and calcium nitrate is present in amounts of 13 -19% by weight (preferably 16~ by weight).
The antifreeze components are generally present in amounts of from 8% to 11% by weight, and preferably in an amount of 9.8% by weight. In general, each of the urea and formaldehyde is present in amounts of 2.0 - 2.8% by weight (preferably 2.4% by weight); and ethylene glycol in amounts of 4% - 6% (preferably 5% by weight.
The thickener used is guar gum, whose principal constituent is mannogalactan. The thickener must be used in an amount of at least 1.25% by weight and up to amounts of 2.25% by weight.
The final component of the gel-type slurry is water, which is used in necessary amounts, e.g., from 10% - 15%
by weight. The solid explosive used is TNT, PETN, RDX, pentolite, tetryl, etc. used in amounts of 22 - 30% by weight, and preferably in amounts of 26% by weight.
The detonator is a small amount of an easily ex-plodable charge, e.g., lead azide or potassium pyroanti-monate. It generally is used in amounts of approximately 0.01% by weight.
The invention in one of its aspects, is exemplified below:
The slurry explosive contained:
% by weight Nitrate Salts: Ammonium Nitrate 29 Sodium Nitrate 5 Calcium Nitrate 16 Thickener: Guar 1.25 - 2.18 Antifreeze: Urea 2.4 Formamide 2.4 Ethylene Glycol 5 Solid Explosive: T.N.T. 26 Water 12 - 13 Detonator: C-20 (potassium pyroantimonate) approx. 0.01 It was found that the slurry explosive above de-scribed has excellent stability. When a similar explosive composition containing less than 1.25% by weight guar was tested, it was found to have poor storage stability.
Claims (14)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An explosive composition comprising a solid explosive material dispersed within a gel-type slurry, said gel-type slurry containing antifreeze components and at least 1.25% by weight of guar gum as a thickener.
2. The explosive composition of claim 1 wherein said slurry includes nitrate salts therein.
3. The explosive composition of claim 2 wherein said nitrate salts comprise ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
4. The explosive composition of claim 3 comprising 24 - 34% by weight ammonium nitrate, 4 - 6% by weight sodium nitrate and 13 - 19% by weight calcium nitrate.
5. The explosive composition of claim 4 compris-ing 29% by weight ammonium nitrate, 5% by weight sodium nitrate and 16% by weight calcium nitrate.
6. The explosive composition of claim 1 wherein the anitfreeze comprises urea, formamide and ethylene gly-col.
7. The explosive composition of claim 5 wherein the antifreeze comprises 2.0 - 2.8% by weight, urea, 2.0-2.8% by weight formamide and 4 - 6% by weight ethylene gly-col.
8. The explosive composition of claim 7 comprising 2.4% by weight urea, 2.4% by weight formamide and 5% by weight ethylene glycol.
9. The explosive composition of claim 1 wherein the solid explosive is T.N.T., PETN, RDX, pentolite or tetryl.
10. The explosive composition of claim 9 wherein the solid explosive is T.N.T.
11. The explosive composition of claim 10 wherein the T.N.T. is present in an amount of 22 - 30% by weight.
12. The explosive composition of claim 11 wherein the T.N.T. is present in an amount of 26% by weight.
13. The explosive composition of claim 1 including lead azide or potassium pyroantimonate as a detonator.
14. An explosive composition comprising in per cent by weight:
ammonium nitrate, 29 sodium nitrate, 5 calcium nitrate, 16 urea, 2.4 formamide, 2.4 ethylene glycol, 5 TNT, 26 water, 12 potassium pyroantimonate, 0.01 and guar, 1.25 and having a pH of 4.4.
ammonium nitrate, 29 sodium nitrate, 5 calcium nitrate, 16 urea, 2.4 formamide, 2.4 ethylene glycol, 5 TNT, 26 water, 12 potassium pyroantimonate, 0.01 and guar, 1.25 and having a pH of 4.4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA236,660A CA1053470A (en) | 1975-09-29 | 1975-09-29 | Slurry explosive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA236,660A CA1053470A (en) | 1975-09-29 | 1975-09-29 | Slurry explosive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1053470A true CA1053470A (en) | 1979-05-01 |
Family
ID=4104166
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA236,660A Expired CA1053470A (en) | 1975-09-29 | 1975-09-29 | Slurry explosive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1053470A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103319290A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-25 | 安徽理工大学爆破工程与器材研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant high-power coalmine-permitted water-gel explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1975
- 1975-09-29 CA CA236,660A patent/CA1053470A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103319290A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-25 | 安徽理工大学爆破工程与器材研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant high-power coalmine-permitted water-gel explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4097316A (en) | Method for gelling nitroparaffins in explosive compositions | |
| US3695947A (en) | Aqueous explosive comprising higher amine,gelling agent and inorganic oxidizer salt | |
| US20060243362A1 (en) | Explosive compositions | |
| US3445305A (en) | Gelation of galactomannan containing water-bearing explosives | |
| US4976793A (en) | Explosive composition | |
| US3586551A (en) | Water-degradable cap-sensitive selfsupporting explosive | |
| US4081299A (en) | Aqueous explosive slurrie with inorganic peroxide sensitizer | |
| CA1053470A (en) | Slurry explosive | |
| US4058420A (en) | Aqueous slurry explosives with colloidal hydrous metal oxide | |
| US3617404A (en) | Slurryxplosives containing the combination of nitrogen-base salt and hard solid particles as sensitizer | |
| US3249477A (en) | Ammonium nitrate slurry blasting composition containing sulfur-sodium nitrate sensitizer | |
| US3734864A (en) | Aqueous gel for slurry explosives composition and method of preparing said gel | |
| CA1069312A (en) | Blasting composition containing calcium nitrate and sulfur | |
| CA1110852A (en) | Slurry explosive compositions | |
| US3160535A (en) | Free flowing granular explosive composition of controlled particle size | |
| US4198253A (en) | Explosive compositions containing sulphonated guar gum derivatives | |
| US4364782A (en) | Permissible slurry explosive | |
| GB1384859A (en) | Process for the production of crosslinked gums | |
| US3296042A (en) | Explosive containing oxidizing salt, organic nitro-compound, and hydrophilic colloid | |
| US3639184A (en) | Method for preparing gelled slurry explosive composition containing distinct liuqid and solid phases | |
| US3668027A (en) | Method of making nitrocellulose-nitroglycerine water-bearing explosive compositions | |
| US3401067A (en) | Aqueous slurry type explosive compositions sensitized with at least one alkanolamine nitrate | |
| US3546034A (en) | Ammonium nitrate-nitromethane type blasting agent containing urea as a crystallization inhibitor | |
| US3653996A (en) | Controlled gelation in aqueous explosives containing boric acid | |
| US2847291A (en) | Gelatin dynamite explosives containing water |