CA1049987A - Centrifugal separator with additive means - Google Patents
Centrifugal separator with additive meansInfo
- Publication number
- CA1049987A CA1049987A CA245,988A CA245988A CA1049987A CA 1049987 A CA1049987 A CA 1049987A CA 245988 A CA245988 A CA 245988A CA 1049987 A CA1049987 A CA 1049987A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- additive
- oil
- rotor
- centrifugal separator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A centrifugal separator and method for separating con-taminants from contaminated oil and for supplying an oil additive to the oil. The centrifugal separator has a shroud which defines a first chamber and has a hollow rotor rotatably mounted in the first chamber and defining a second chamber. Oil under pressure is admitted to the second chamber and flows into the first through tangential reaction nozzles in the rotor to cause contaminants to migrate toward the sidewall of the second chamber under the influence of centrifugal force. An oil additive block is posi-tioned in the first chamber in the path of oil issuing from the nozzles. The block comprises an oil additive dispersed in a binder matrix and the oil additive is ablated by and mixed with the oil issuing from the nozzles.
A centrifugal separator and method for separating con-taminants from contaminated oil and for supplying an oil additive to the oil. The centrifugal separator has a shroud which defines a first chamber and has a hollow rotor rotatably mounted in the first chamber and defining a second chamber. Oil under pressure is admitted to the second chamber and flows into the first through tangential reaction nozzles in the rotor to cause contaminants to migrate toward the sidewall of the second chamber under the influence of centrifugal force. An oil additive block is posi-tioned in the first chamber in the path of oil issuing from the nozzles. The block comprises an oil additive dispersed in a binder matrix and the oil additive is ablated by and mixed with the oil issuing from the nozzles.
Description
BAC~GROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventional fluid filters, such as oil filters, are basically mechanical strainers which include a filter pack element having pores which trap and segregate dirt from the fluid. Since the flow through the filter is a function of the pore size, filter flow will decrease as the filter pack becomes clogged with dirt. Since the filtration system must remove dirt at the same rate at which it enters the oil, a clogged conventional pack cannot process enough oil to keep the dirt level of the oil at a satisfactorily low level.
A further disadvantage of some mechanical strainer type filters is that they tend to remove oil additives. Further-more, the additives may be depleted to some extent by acting upon trapped dirt in the filter and are rendered ineffective for their intended purpose on working 5urfaces in an engine.
Prior art centrifugal filters have been proposed which do not act as mechanical strainers but, rather, remove contaminant from a 1uid by centrifuging. Such a filter is shown in ~.S.
patent No. 2,650,022, granted to Fulton et al. In the Fùlton et al patent there is illustrated a hollow rotor which is rotata~ly mounted on a spindle. The spindle has an axial passageway which conducts oil into the interior of the rotor. Tangentially directe I
outlet ports are provided in the rotor so that the rotor is rotated upon issuance of the fluid therefrom. Solids, such as dirt, are centrifuged to the sidewalls of the rotor and the dirt ~ ' ' .
- : .
. , ~ 1049987 ~ay be later removed by disassembling the rotor and scraping the filter cake from the sidewalls. Although oil additives are not cen-trifuged to the sidewalls of the rotor, the oil additives may become depleted by normal usage in the engine lubrication system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a centrifugal separator for re-moving contaminants from oil and for supplying an oil additive to the oil at a predetermined rate which is a function of the degree to which oil is pumped through the filter and, therefore, relatable to the degree to which oil additives are depleted from the oil during use.
In one particular aspect the present invention provides a centrifugal separator for separating contaminants from contaminated fluids and for supplying an additive to the fluids, comprising shroud means defining a first chamber, a vertically extending spin-dle within said shroud means and having a hollow rotor mounted there-on for axial rotation within said shroud means, sald hollow rotor defining a second chamber for receiving contaminated fluids to be ~ 20 separated, fluid inlet means through said spindle for conducting ; such contaminated fluids to said second chamber, means to rotate said rotor and thereby cause said contaminants in contaminated ` fluids within said second chamber to migrate toward a sidewall of . .
said second chamber under the influence of centrifugal force and to be separated from such contaminated fluids, said means to rotate said . . .
rotor comprising tangentially mounted outlet port means on said rotor to cause said rotor to rotate upon discharge of fluid from said second chamber to said first chamber, an oil additive block mounted in said first chamber and being radially spaced from said outlet port means, said block comprising an oil additive whereby as said ''` ~
.
~ , - 3-: ' . . , : :- : , ', - : : .
~ . . . . .
10~9987 fluid is discharged from said outlet port means it will impinge upon said block to thereby progressively ablate said additive and mix the additive with said fluld.
~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The single figure of the drawing is a cross sectional view of a centrifugal separator according to this invention.
-' "
''. 10 , .
.
:~ ..
:, ':1 .
~ 0 ~ ' .
,. l .
, , .
....
., ' ' _ ' :: -:' - ' : :
~: , - : . ~ . :
:' ' ~ : ~- ' `' `, '' ' ' :' .. ~ '' ' .
.
:10~9~87 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TIIE INVEN~ION
¦ Referring now to the drawing, there is illustrated a l centrifugal separator 10. The separator 10 includes a base 11 ¦ having an annular wall 12 and a flanged foot structure 13 which defines an outlet port 14. The foot structure 13 is adapted to be connected to an engine or other mechanism to be lubricated by bolting the flanged foot structure 13 to a valve cover, an oil filler tube, the crankc~se, or side plates or hand holes with suitable fittings (not shown). A cup-shaped shroud 15 is telescoped onto the upper edge of the wall 12 and is sealed ¦relative to the wall by a gasket 16 which is compressed between a recess 17 of the shroud and the upper edge 18 of the wall 12.
¦ The shroud 15 is clamped to the base by bolts (not shown) which I project throu~h bosses (not shown) on the shroud 15 and the wall : ¦12. The shroud 15 and the base 11 define a first chamber 19 I ¦ which is in fluid communication with the outlet port 14. An ¦ inlet port 20 is bored into the base 11 and communicates with an ¦ axial passageway 21 bored in a vertical spindle 22 by way of a passageway 23 in the base 11. A plurality of outlet ports 24 are provided in the passageway 21. An isolating valve 25 is pro-¦ vided between the inlet port 20 and the passageway 23 and is adapte Ito cut off flow to the filter if the supply pressure drops below . ¦ 15 psi to assure the maximum oil flow to the engine under start-up . ¦and low idle speed conditions.
,'~
. ,.'' .
:: J -5-. 11 . .
: . : : : . '. -:: '' :
1 10~9987 ¦ The lower end of the spindle 22 is provided with a thrust ¦ bearing 26 which is press-fitted onto the end of the spindle and is received within a bore 27 in the base 13. The other end of the spindle 22 is provided with a thrust bearing 28 and a bushing 28a ¦which is press-fitted onto the end of the spindle and is received ¦within a bore 29 in the shroud 15.
¦ Carried by the vertical spindle 22 and fixed thereto ¦by a key 30 is a rotor assembly 31 which consists of an upper body section 32 and a lower body section 33. The body sections ~32 and 33 are clamped together by a nut 34 threaded onto the I upper end of the spindle 22 and are sealed by a gasket 35.
¦ Oil is fed into a second chamber 36 within the rotor 31 through the passageways 24 and egresses through reaction ¦ nozzles 37 provided at the lower end of the rotor. In order ¦ to reach the reaction nozzles 37, the oil must pass through standpipes 38 within the rotor. The inlet ends of the standpipes ¦ 38 are covered with screens 39 which prevent large particles of contaminants from plugging the nozzles 37. Since oil under ¦ pressure substantially fills the second chamber 36, the upper I bearings 28 and28a are lubricated by oil passing through an inlet ¦ port 40 in the spindle 22 and then through an axial passageway 41.
¦ Oil is expelled from the second chamber 36 through the tangenti-I ally mounted outlet ports 37 and, since those ports are oppositely directed, they cause the rotor 31 to rotate according to the ¦ principle of Hero's engine.
. . .
~ .'. .
.~ ~, . ' ' ' :. , ' : "
~049987 As the rotor 31 rotates, suspended solids migrate to and are retained at the sidewalls of the rotor with a force which is dependent upon the running oil pressure of the engine, which is typically between 50 and 80 psi for a diesel engine. The rotor speed usually exceeds 5000 r.p.m. and the force on the dirt particles exceeds 1800 gs. In time, the dirt particles and sludge form a rubbery mass at the rotor sidewalls. This mass ma~ be removed from time to time by disassembling the rotor sections 32 and 33.
According to this invention, there is provided an oil additive block 42 which comprises an oil additive or additives dispersed in a binder matrix and which rests on a ledge 43 cast into the base 11. The oil additives may be conventional additives such as zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate and calcium and magnesium phenolates an~/or sulfonates. The binder may comprise a porous ceramic, spun fibers, or filaments such as spun glass fibers with a suitable resin binder, or an open-celled foamed polymer. As the oil issues from the nozzle 37, it strikes the additive block to thereby ablate the additive and mix the additive with the oil.
It should be appreciated that the additives are mixed with the oil only when needed and at a rate which is a function of the rate of oil flow to the engine.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be clearly understood that this is done only by way of example, and not as a limitation to the scope of the invention as set forth in the objects thereof ., l and in the appended claim8.
,~ - . .
_7_ ,:' 11 ,, . : .. . .
:
Conventional fluid filters, such as oil filters, are basically mechanical strainers which include a filter pack element having pores which trap and segregate dirt from the fluid. Since the flow through the filter is a function of the pore size, filter flow will decrease as the filter pack becomes clogged with dirt. Since the filtration system must remove dirt at the same rate at which it enters the oil, a clogged conventional pack cannot process enough oil to keep the dirt level of the oil at a satisfactorily low level.
A further disadvantage of some mechanical strainer type filters is that they tend to remove oil additives. Further-more, the additives may be depleted to some extent by acting upon trapped dirt in the filter and are rendered ineffective for their intended purpose on working 5urfaces in an engine.
Prior art centrifugal filters have been proposed which do not act as mechanical strainers but, rather, remove contaminant from a 1uid by centrifuging. Such a filter is shown in ~.S.
patent No. 2,650,022, granted to Fulton et al. In the Fùlton et al patent there is illustrated a hollow rotor which is rotata~ly mounted on a spindle. The spindle has an axial passageway which conducts oil into the interior of the rotor. Tangentially directe I
outlet ports are provided in the rotor so that the rotor is rotated upon issuance of the fluid therefrom. Solids, such as dirt, are centrifuged to the sidewalls of the rotor and the dirt ~ ' ' .
- : .
. , ~ 1049987 ~ay be later removed by disassembling the rotor and scraping the filter cake from the sidewalls. Although oil additives are not cen-trifuged to the sidewalls of the rotor, the oil additives may become depleted by normal usage in the engine lubrication system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a centrifugal separator for re-moving contaminants from oil and for supplying an oil additive to the oil at a predetermined rate which is a function of the degree to which oil is pumped through the filter and, therefore, relatable to the degree to which oil additives are depleted from the oil during use.
In one particular aspect the present invention provides a centrifugal separator for separating contaminants from contaminated fluids and for supplying an additive to the fluids, comprising shroud means defining a first chamber, a vertically extending spin-dle within said shroud means and having a hollow rotor mounted there-on for axial rotation within said shroud means, sald hollow rotor defining a second chamber for receiving contaminated fluids to be ~ 20 separated, fluid inlet means through said spindle for conducting ; such contaminated fluids to said second chamber, means to rotate said rotor and thereby cause said contaminants in contaminated ` fluids within said second chamber to migrate toward a sidewall of . .
said second chamber under the influence of centrifugal force and to be separated from such contaminated fluids, said means to rotate said . . .
rotor comprising tangentially mounted outlet port means on said rotor to cause said rotor to rotate upon discharge of fluid from said second chamber to said first chamber, an oil additive block mounted in said first chamber and being radially spaced from said outlet port means, said block comprising an oil additive whereby as said ''` ~
.
~ , - 3-: ' . . , : :- : , ', - : : .
~ . . . . .
10~9987 fluid is discharged from said outlet port means it will impinge upon said block to thereby progressively ablate said additive and mix the additive with said fluld.
~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The single figure of the drawing is a cross sectional view of a centrifugal separator according to this invention.
-' "
''. 10 , .
.
:~ ..
:, ':1 .
~ 0 ~ ' .
,. l .
, , .
....
., ' ' _ ' :: -:' - ' : :
~: , - : . ~ . :
:' ' ~ : ~- ' `' `, '' ' ' :' .. ~ '' ' .
.
:10~9~87 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TIIE INVEN~ION
¦ Referring now to the drawing, there is illustrated a l centrifugal separator 10. The separator 10 includes a base 11 ¦ having an annular wall 12 and a flanged foot structure 13 which defines an outlet port 14. The foot structure 13 is adapted to be connected to an engine or other mechanism to be lubricated by bolting the flanged foot structure 13 to a valve cover, an oil filler tube, the crankc~se, or side plates or hand holes with suitable fittings (not shown). A cup-shaped shroud 15 is telescoped onto the upper edge of the wall 12 and is sealed ¦relative to the wall by a gasket 16 which is compressed between a recess 17 of the shroud and the upper edge 18 of the wall 12.
¦ The shroud 15 is clamped to the base by bolts (not shown) which I project throu~h bosses (not shown) on the shroud 15 and the wall : ¦12. The shroud 15 and the base 11 define a first chamber 19 I ¦ which is in fluid communication with the outlet port 14. An ¦ inlet port 20 is bored into the base 11 and communicates with an ¦ axial passageway 21 bored in a vertical spindle 22 by way of a passageway 23 in the base 11. A plurality of outlet ports 24 are provided in the passageway 21. An isolating valve 25 is pro-¦ vided between the inlet port 20 and the passageway 23 and is adapte Ito cut off flow to the filter if the supply pressure drops below . ¦ 15 psi to assure the maximum oil flow to the engine under start-up . ¦and low idle speed conditions.
,'~
. ,.'' .
:: J -5-. 11 . .
: . : : : . '. -:: '' :
1 10~9987 ¦ The lower end of the spindle 22 is provided with a thrust ¦ bearing 26 which is press-fitted onto the end of the spindle and is received within a bore 27 in the base 13. The other end of the spindle 22 is provided with a thrust bearing 28 and a bushing 28a ¦which is press-fitted onto the end of the spindle and is received ¦within a bore 29 in the shroud 15.
¦ Carried by the vertical spindle 22 and fixed thereto ¦by a key 30 is a rotor assembly 31 which consists of an upper body section 32 and a lower body section 33. The body sections ~32 and 33 are clamped together by a nut 34 threaded onto the I upper end of the spindle 22 and are sealed by a gasket 35.
¦ Oil is fed into a second chamber 36 within the rotor 31 through the passageways 24 and egresses through reaction ¦ nozzles 37 provided at the lower end of the rotor. In order ¦ to reach the reaction nozzles 37, the oil must pass through standpipes 38 within the rotor. The inlet ends of the standpipes ¦ 38 are covered with screens 39 which prevent large particles of contaminants from plugging the nozzles 37. Since oil under ¦ pressure substantially fills the second chamber 36, the upper I bearings 28 and28a are lubricated by oil passing through an inlet ¦ port 40 in the spindle 22 and then through an axial passageway 41.
¦ Oil is expelled from the second chamber 36 through the tangenti-I ally mounted outlet ports 37 and, since those ports are oppositely directed, they cause the rotor 31 to rotate according to the ¦ principle of Hero's engine.
. . .
~ .'. .
.~ ~, . ' ' ' :. , ' : "
~049987 As the rotor 31 rotates, suspended solids migrate to and are retained at the sidewalls of the rotor with a force which is dependent upon the running oil pressure of the engine, which is typically between 50 and 80 psi for a diesel engine. The rotor speed usually exceeds 5000 r.p.m. and the force on the dirt particles exceeds 1800 gs. In time, the dirt particles and sludge form a rubbery mass at the rotor sidewalls. This mass ma~ be removed from time to time by disassembling the rotor sections 32 and 33.
According to this invention, there is provided an oil additive block 42 which comprises an oil additive or additives dispersed in a binder matrix and which rests on a ledge 43 cast into the base 11. The oil additives may be conventional additives such as zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate and calcium and magnesium phenolates an~/or sulfonates. The binder may comprise a porous ceramic, spun fibers, or filaments such as spun glass fibers with a suitable resin binder, or an open-celled foamed polymer. As the oil issues from the nozzle 37, it strikes the additive block to thereby ablate the additive and mix the additive with the oil.
It should be appreciated that the additives are mixed with the oil only when needed and at a rate which is a function of the rate of oil flow to the engine.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be clearly understood that this is done only by way of example, and not as a limitation to the scope of the invention as set forth in the objects thereof ., l and in the appended claim8.
,~ - . .
_7_ ,:' 11 ,, . : .. . .
:
Claims (5)
1. A centrifugal separator for separating contaminants from contaminated fluids and for supplying an additive to the fluids, comprising shroud means defining a first chamber, a ver-tically extending spindle within said shroud means and having a hollow rotor mounted thereon for axial rotation within said shroud means, said hollow rotor defining a second chamber for receiving contaminated fluids to be separated, fluid inlet means through said spindle for conducting such contaminated fluids to said second chamber, means to rotate said rotor and thereby cause said contaminants in contaminated fluids within said second chamber to migrate toward a sidewall of said second chamber under the influence of centrifugal force and to be separated from such con-taminated fluids, said means to rotate said rotor comprising tan-gentially mounted outlet port means on said rotor to cause said rotor to rotate upon discharge of fluid from said second chamber to said first chamber, an oil additive block mounted in said first chamber and being radially spaced from said outlet port means, said block comprising an oil additive whereby as said fluid is discharged from said outlet port means it will impinge upon said block to thereby progressively ablate said additive and mix the additive with said fluid.
2. A centrifugal separator according to Claim 1, wherein said oil additive is dispersed in a binder matrix.
3. A centrifugal separator according to Claim 2, wherein said binder matrix comprises a porous ceramic and said additive is dispersed within the pores of said ceramic.
4. A centrifugal separator according to Claim 2, wherein said binder matrix comprises an open-celled polymer foam and said additive is dispersed within the cells of said foam.
5. A centrifugal separator according to Claim 2, wherein said binder matrix comprises fibrous filaments and said additive is dispersed within the interstices of said filaments.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55816275A | 1975-03-03 | 1975-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1049987A true CA1049987A (en) | 1979-03-06 |
Family
ID=24228455
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA245,988A Expired CA1049987A (en) | 1975-03-03 | 1976-02-18 | Centrifugal separator with additive means |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1049987A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-02-18 CA CA245,988A patent/CA1049987A/en not_active Expired
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4221323A (en) | Centrifugal filter with external service indicator | |
| US4046315A (en) | Centrifugal separator with discharge pump | |
| US4492631A (en) | Centrifugal separator | |
| US5800720A (en) | Spinning filter separation system for oil spill clean-up operation | |
| US4106689A (en) | Disposable centrifugal separator | |
| CA2425999C (en) | Improved air/oil separator | |
| US4288030A (en) | Centrifugal separator | |
| RU2330873C2 (en) | Method of cleaning oil contaminated with weighed particles in centrifugal separator | |
| US4498898A (en) | Centrifugal separator | |
| EP0098866B1 (en) | Centrifugal separator | |
| US20110011795A1 (en) | Fluid pressure driven centrifuge apparatus | |
| EP0680381B1 (en) | Oil cleaning assemblies for engines | |
| CA2315378A1 (en) | Control equipment for a centrifugal separator and a method of controlling a separating operation | |
| CA1053588A (en) | Cleaning and pumping apparatus for oil well production | |
| CA1049987A (en) | Centrifugal separator with additive means | |
| US3817446A (en) | Pitot pump with centrifugal separator | |
| US5755657A (en) | Centrifugal oil filter | |
| CA2172257C (en) | Cross braced vacuum washer | |
| KR101138329B1 (en) | Pelton type centrifugal filter for by-pass lubrication system | |
| US4289610A (en) | Apparatus for pumping and conditioning drilling fluid | |
| US3385517A (en) | Centrifugal purifier | |
| GB1595816A (en) | Centrifugal separator | |
| RU2155102C1 (en) | Centrifuge for separating multicomponent liquid medium | |
| RU2081710C1 (en) | Device for filtration | |
| JPH0217199Y2 (en) |