CA1049705A - Jet ink compositions - Google Patents
Jet ink compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1049705A CA1049705A CA247,253A CA247253A CA1049705A CA 1049705 A CA1049705 A CA 1049705A CA 247253 A CA247253 A CA 247253A CA 1049705 A CA1049705 A CA 1049705A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- composition
- ink
- dye
- amine salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/06—Printing inks based on fatty oils
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
Abstract
INK JET INK
Abstract of the Disclosure An ink for use in ink jets is provided. The ink comprises, (a) water, (b) a water immiscible solvent, (c) a complexing agent which comprises the diethanol or triethanol amine salt of a long chain fatty acid, and an aromatic anionic active wetting agent, and (d) a water insoluble dye which is soluble in the mixture of (a), (b) and (c) above.
Abstract of the Disclosure An ink for use in ink jets is provided. The ink comprises, (a) water, (b) a water immiscible solvent, (c) a complexing agent which comprises the diethanol or triethanol amine salt of a long chain fatty acid, and an aromatic anionic active wetting agent, and (d) a water insoluble dye which is soluble in the mixture of (a), (b) and (c) above.
Description
9Field of the Invention 10The present invention is concerned with ink for use in 11 ink jets. In particular, it is concerned with such an ink 12 having a novel composition and having the unexpected advantage 13 of setting in a very short time and also of being resistant 14 to wet rub. In addition, it is non-crusting at the nozzle of the jet orifices.
16 Prior Art 17The Stanford University Electronic Research Laboratory 18Technical Report No. 1722-1 dated March, 1964 and entitled, 19 "~igh Frequency Oscillography with Electrostatically Deflected Ink Jets," describes early work in the jet printing art. A
21 discussion of that work and also of prior art in regard to ink suitable for use in ink jets is given in U. S.Patent 3,705,043.
23The compositions of the present invention differ from 24 those of the prior art in that they are of a different chemical nature. As will be discussed below, they also possess 26 unexpected advantages over the prior art inks.
27 Summary of the Invention 28According to the present invention, an ink is provided 29 for use in ink jet printing. The ink is essentially a water-based ink but the coloring material used therein is a water-. , ,,, , si i ''I :
.: - : . -1 insoluble dye. The dye is dissolved in a water immiscible
16 Prior Art 17The Stanford University Electronic Research Laboratory 18Technical Report No. 1722-1 dated March, 1964 and entitled, 19 "~igh Frequency Oscillography with Electrostatically Deflected Ink Jets," describes early work in the jet printing art. A
21 discussion of that work and also of prior art in regard to ink suitable for use in ink jets is given in U. S.Patent 3,705,043.
23The compositions of the present invention differ from 24 those of the prior art in that they are of a different chemical nature. As will be discussed below, they also possess 26 unexpected advantages over the prior art inks.
27 Summary of the Invention 28According to the present invention, an ink is provided 29 for use in ink jet printing. The ink is essentially a water-based ink but the coloring material used therein is a water-. , ,,, , si i ''I :
.: - : . -1 insoluble dye. The dye is dissolved in a water immiscible
2 solvent and a complexing agent is employed so that the water
3 immiscible solvent and the water form a single phase. The
4 complexing agent comprises the diethanol or triethanol amine salt of a long chain fatty acid and an aromatic anionic active 6 wetting agent. The use of the complexing agent results in ~. .
' 7 solutions of or in water which are as clear as water itself 8 and are not milky like emulsions. The exact mechanism of water g solublization of normally water immiscible solvents is not known.
11 In order to be satisfactory in actual use, inks for jet 12 printers must simultaneously possess many characteristics.
. 13 They must have a low resistivity. This resistivity is required 1~ for proper drop charging at the moment of drop break-off. In order to prevent unacceptable pressure losses in the nozzle! the 16 ink must have a low viscosity (about 2 cs). It is essential that 17 the ink be non-toxic and non-flammable. It must also be com-18 patible with numerous plastic parts used in the ink feed system.
19 Finally, it must be capable of being formulated at a cost which is not prohibitive economically. The above requirements inevit-21 ably lead to an ink which is water based. This water-based ink, 22 however, must also have the additional abilities of carrying --t _ 23 color to the paper, drying relatively rapidly, forming an image , ~l 24 which is water insensitive, and being a carrier for various additives, such as dye solublizers and biocides. Because of the 26 nature of the jet ink process, soluble dye stuffs have been found 27 to be the only satisfactory method of carrying color to paper 28 to f,orm an image. When a water soluble dye is used, however, ~ 29 evaporation of the water often results in clogging and crusting at the nozzle-air interfacé.
. , ' .
. ~
~ SA974008 -2-1 The above problems and others have been solved by the present 2 invention which provides a water-based ink jet ink contalning a 3 dye which is, per se, insoluble in water along with a water 4 immiscible solvent for said dye and a complexing agent of a type to be described below.
6 There are many water insoluble dyes known which may be used in the present invention. Although for ordinary purposes 8 black dyes will be preferred, other colors may be used when so g desired. Preferably the dye should be light stable and non-aggregating. When so desired, infrared or ultra-violet absorbent 11 dyes may be used. It is also highly desirable that after drying 12 on the paper the dye be stable and in particular, that the dye . 13 be insensitive to water. The most preferred ~ye is Color Index 14 Solvent Black 9. Other useful dyes include, for example, Color Index Solvent Black 2, Color Index Solvent Blue 11, 16 Color Index Solvent Blue 49, Color Index Solvent Brown 11, Color 17 Index Solvent Green 3, and Color Index Solvent Red 26. r, 18 As preferred examples of a water immiscible solvent, ~' 19 hydrocarbon solvents may be mentioned. For reasons which are not understood, best results are not obtained when the hydro-21 carbon solvent is entirely aromatic. In other words, a ~ 22 hydrocarbon solvent preferably should be substantially aliphatic.
j~, 23 The standard industry used measure of aromaticity in solvents 24 is the Kauri Butanol value. For purposes of the present inven-tion, it is preferable that a hydrocarbon solvent have a Kauri ~$ 26 Butanol vaIue of from about 22 to about 29. It is also preferred 27 that the hydrocarbon boil in the range of about 390F to about 28 490 F . other useful water immiscible solvents include, for example, 29 octylene glycol, mineral oil, pine oil and the like.
` 30 An essential feature of the compositions of the present !
i,' . .
., ,i :
~t' SA974008 ~3~
. .
. , . ~ . -. : - -1 invention is the complexing agent which makes possible the 2 final product ink having only a single phase. A preferred 3 embodiment of this complexing agent comprises two essential 4 ingredients: (1) the diethanol amine salt or the triethanol amine salt of a long chain (preferably from about C-10 to about ~`
6 C-22) fatty acid, and (2) as the aromatic anionic active wetting , . .. .
7 agent, a sodium aryl sulfonate. For reasons which are not ~, 8 understood, satisfactory results are not obtained when an attempt 9 is made to use sodium aliphatic sulfonate. The sulfonate must be either a sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate or a sodium diaryl 11 sulfonate. Oleic acid is the most preferred fatty acid.
12In general, it is preferred that the dye be from about 1 to 13 5% by weight of the ink composition, the water-immiscible ; 14solvent about 1 to 10%, the complexi~g agent from about 1 to 25%, and the balance water. In the complexing agent, it is 16 preferred that the ratio of amine salt to wetting agent be 17 within the range of from about 2 to l to 1 to 1. The optimum 18 proportions of the ingredients are a function of the particular 19 materials used.
20The order of mixing of the ingredients of the composition 21 is not a critical feature of the present invention. Satisfactory ~ results may be obtained by any of several methods. For example, s 23 the complexing agent may first be mixed with the water immiscible 24 solvent and the dye then added. Following this, that mixture is added to water to~form the ink. Another suitable alternative 26 is mixing the water immiscible solvent and the dye, then adding 27 the complexing agent and adding water to this mixture to form 28 the f~inal ink.
29The following Example is given solely for purposes of illustration of the preferred embodiment of the invention and .~ .
~ SA974008 ~4~
. ~
. :. :
:10497~S
l is not to be considered as a limitation on the invention, many 2 variations of which are possible without departing from the 3 spirit or scope thereof.
. ,,~, . . .
_; 6 A complexing agent was formed by reacting 25 gr. of oleic r~i 7 acid with 37-l/2 gr. of triethanol amine and adding 37-l/2 gr.
` 8 of sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate. (The use of a stoichiometric g excess of amine over fatty acid facilitates formulation.) lO gr. of the above complexing agent mixed with 2 gr. of ali-ll phatic hydrocarbon (boiling within the range of 390F to 490F) and 3 gr. of Sudan deep black BB dye. (Color Index Solvent . 13 Black 9.) This mixture was added to 85 gr. of water and a 14 stablesolution resulted. This stabl~esolution was tested as an ink in an ink jet printer. Excellent results were obtained.
16 No clogging or crusting in the nozzle orifice was observed.
, 17 The ink was very fast drying and was also resistant to wet rub.
19 WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
~ 21 ;, ' ~ 22 -2~ 23 m~ :
~ f -: ~ 25 ~', 26 . ~ ~
'1 ~ 27 . ~, .
.,1 .;
`! ~
`, SA974008 ~5~
., ~ - .- . . - , . : . : . , .
' 7 solutions of or in water which are as clear as water itself 8 and are not milky like emulsions. The exact mechanism of water g solublization of normally water immiscible solvents is not known.
11 In order to be satisfactory in actual use, inks for jet 12 printers must simultaneously possess many characteristics.
. 13 They must have a low resistivity. This resistivity is required 1~ for proper drop charging at the moment of drop break-off. In order to prevent unacceptable pressure losses in the nozzle! the 16 ink must have a low viscosity (about 2 cs). It is essential that 17 the ink be non-toxic and non-flammable. It must also be com-18 patible with numerous plastic parts used in the ink feed system.
19 Finally, it must be capable of being formulated at a cost which is not prohibitive economically. The above requirements inevit-21 ably lead to an ink which is water based. This water-based ink, 22 however, must also have the additional abilities of carrying --t _ 23 color to the paper, drying relatively rapidly, forming an image , ~l 24 which is water insensitive, and being a carrier for various additives, such as dye solublizers and biocides. Because of the 26 nature of the jet ink process, soluble dye stuffs have been found 27 to be the only satisfactory method of carrying color to paper 28 to f,orm an image. When a water soluble dye is used, however, ~ 29 evaporation of the water often results in clogging and crusting at the nozzle-air interfacé.
. , ' .
. ~
~ SA974008 -2-1 The above problems and others have been solved by the present 2 invention which provides a water-based ink jet ink contalning a 3 dye which is, per se, insoluble in water along with a water 4 immiscible solvent for said dye and a complexing agent of a type to be described below.
6 There are many water insoluble dyes known which may be used in the present invention. Although for ordinary purposes 8 black dyes will be preferred, other colors may be used when so g desired. Preferably the dye should be light stable and non-aggregating. When so desired, infrared or ultra-violet absorbent 11 dyes may be used. It is also highly desirable that after drying 12 on the paper the dye be stable and in particular, that the dye . 13 be insensitive to water. The most preferred ~ye is Color Index 14 Solvent Black 9. Other useful dyes include, for example, Color Index Solvent Black 2, Color Index Solvent Blue 11, 16 Color Index Solvent Blue 49, Color Index Solvent Brown 11, Color 17 Index Solvent Green 3, and Color Index Solvent Red 26. r, 18 As preferred examples of a water immiscible solvent, ~' 19 hydrocarbon solvents may be mentioned. For reasons which are not understood, best results are not obtained when the hydro-21 carbon solvent is entirely aromatic. In other words, a ~ 22 hydrocarbon solvent preferably should be substantially aliphatic.
j~, 23 The standard industry used measure of aromaticity in solvents 24 is the Kauri Butanol value. For purposes of the present inven-tion, it is preferable that a hydrocarbon solvent have a Kauri ~$ 26 Butanol vaIue of from about 22 to about 29. It is also preferred 27 that the hydrocarbon boil in the range of about 390F to about 28 490 F . other useful water immiscible solvents include, for example, 29 octylene glycol, mineral oil, pine oil and the like.
` 30 An essential feature of the compositions of the present !
i,' . .
., ,i :
~t' SA974008 ~3~
. .
. , . ~ . -. : - -1 invention is the complexing agent which makes possible the 2 final product ink having only a single phase. A preferred 3 embodiment of this complexing agent comprises two essential 4 ingredients: (1) the diethanol amine salt or the triethanol amine salt of a long chain (preferably from about C-10 to about ~`
6 C-22) fatty acid, and (2) as the aromatic anionic active wetting , . .. .
7 agent, a sodium aryl sulfonate. For reasons which are not ~, 8 understood, satisfactory results are not obtained when an attempt 9 is made to use sodium aliphatic sulfonate. The sulfonate must be either a sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate or a sodium diaryl 11 sulfonate. Oleic acid is the most preferred fatty acid.
12In general, it is preferred that the dye be from about 1 to 13 5% by weight of the ink composition, the water-immiscible ; 14solvent about 1 to 10%, the complexi~g agent from about 1 to 25%, and the balance water. In the complexing agent, it is 16 preferred that the ratio of amine salt to wetting agent be 17 within the range of from about 2 to l to 1 to 1. The optimum 18 proportions of the ingredients are a function of the particular 19 materials used.
20The order of mixing of the ingredients of the composition 21 is not a critical feature of the present invention. Satisfactory ~ results may be obtained by any of several methods. For example, s 23 the complexing agent may first be mixed with the water immiscible 24 solvent and the dye then added. Following this, that mixture is added to water to~form the ink. Another suitable alternative 26 is mixing the water immiscible solvent and the dye, then adding 27 the complexing agent and adding water to this mixture to form 28 the f~inal ink.
29The following Example is given solely for purposes of illustration of the preferred embodiment of the invention and .~ .
~ SA974008 ~4~
. ~
. :. :
:10497~S
l is not to be considered as a limitation on the invention, many 2 variations of which are possible without departing from the 3 spirit or scope thereof.
. ,,~, . . .
_; 6 A complexing agent was formed by reacting 25 gr. of oleic r~i 7 acid with 37-l/2 gr. of triethanol amine and adding 37-l/2 gr.
` 8 of sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate. (The use of a stoichiometric g excess of amine over fatty acid facilitates formulation.) lO gr. of the above complexing agent mixed with 2 gr. of ali-ll phatic hydrocarbon (boiling within the range of 390F to 490F) and 3 gr. of Sudan deep black BB dye. (Color Index Solvent . 13 Black 9.) This mixture was added to 85 gr. of water and a 14 stablesolution resulted. This stabl~esolution was tested as an ink in an ink jet printer. Excellent results were obtained.
16 No clogging or crusting in the nozzle orifice was observed.
, 17 The ink was very fast drying and was also resistant to wet rub.
19 WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
~ 21 ;, ' ~ 22 -2~ 23 m~ :
~ f -: ~ 25 ~', 26 . ~ ~
'1 ~ 27 . ~, .
.,1 .;
`! ~
`, SA974008 ~5~
., ~ - .- . . - , . : . : . , .
Claims (9)
1. An ink jet ink composition comprising: (a) water, (b) a water immiscible solvent, (c) a complexing agent which comprises the diethanol or triethanol amine salt of a long chain fatty acid, and an aromatic anionic active wetting agent, and (d) a water insoluble dye which is soluble in the mixture of (a), (b) and (c) above.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the water immiscible solvent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the fatty acid is oleic acid.
4. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the wetting agent is a sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate.
5. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the wetting agent is a sodium diaryl sulfonate.
6. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the salt is the triethanol amine salt.
7. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the dye is Color Index Solvent Black 9.
8. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the dye is Color Index Solvent Black 2.
9. An ink jet ink composition comprising, (a) water, (b) an aliphatic hydrocarbon having a boiling point of from about 390°F to about 490°F, (c) a complexing agent comprising triethanol amine salt of oleic acid and sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, and Color Index Solvent Black 9 dye.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56252575A | 1975-03-27 | 1975-03-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1049705A true CA1049705A (en) | 1979-03-06 |
Family
ID=24246630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA247,253A Expired CA1049705A (en) | 1975-03-27 | 1976-03-02 | Jet ink compositions |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS51115106A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR208771A1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE838269A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7601806A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1049705A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH625824A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS188274B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2555296A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2305479A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1494292A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1055400B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7601840A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE404811B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4155768A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-05-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Waterfast ink for use in ink jet printing |
| US4229747A (en) | 1979-06-01 | 1980-10-21 | The Mead Corporation | Water based permanent jet printing ink and method of use |
| JPH0826262B2 (en) * | 1988-06-07 | 1996-03-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | ink |
| US5061316A (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-10-29 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ph-insensitive anti-kogating agent for ink-jet pens |
| US5531816A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1996-07-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bleed-alleviated, waterfast, pigment-based ink-jet ink compositions |
| CA2183194A1 (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-15 | Palitha Wickramanayake | Bleed alleviated aqueous pigment dispersion-based ink-jet compositions |
| US5713989A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1998-02-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bleed alleviated aqueous pigment dispersion-based ink-jet ink compositions |
| JP4008663B2 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 2007-11-14 | ダブリュー．エー． サンデルス パピエルファブリック コッデンホーヴェ ビー．ヴィー | Inkjet printing transfer paper |
-
1975
- 1975-10-28 GB GB44274/75A patent/GB1494292A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-09 DE DE19752555296 patent/DE2555296A1/en active Pending
-
1976
- 1976-01-06 CH CH4776A patent/CH625824A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-01-29 FR FR7603004A patent/FR2305479A1/en active Granted
- 1976-02-04 BE BE164092A patent/BE838269A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-20 IT IT20386/76A patent/IT1055400B/en active
- 1976-02-24 NL NL7601840A patent/NL7601840A/en unknown
- 1976-02-26 SE SE7602481A patent/SE404811B/en unknown
- 1976-02-27 JP JP51020181A patent/JPS51115106A/en active Pending
- 1976-03-02 CA CA247,253A patent/CA1049705A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-24 CS CS761894A patent/CS188274B2/en unknown
- 1976-03-25 BR BR7601806A patent/BR7601806A/en unknown
- 1976-03-29 AR AR262709A patent/AR208771A1/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS51115106A (en) | 1976-10-09 |
| DE2555296A1 (en) | 1976-09-30 |
| BR7601806A (en) | 1976-09-28 |
| FR2305479A1 (en) | 1976-10-22 |
| GB1494292A (en) | 1977-12-07 |
| BE838269A (en) | 1976-05-28 |
| FR2305479B1 (en) | 1979-09-28 |
| SE7602481L (en) | 1976-09-28 |
| IT1055400B (en) | 1981-12-21 |
| CS188274B2 (en) | 1979-02-28 |
| NL7601840A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
| AR208771A1 (en) | 1977-02-28 |
| CH625824A5 (en) | 1981-10-15 |
| SE404811B (en) | 1978-10-30 |
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