CA1047823A - Harrow - Google Patents
HarrowInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047823A CA1047823A CA261,782A CA261782A CA1047823A CA 1047823 A CA1047823 A CA 1047823A CA 261782 A CA261782 A CA 261782A CA 1047823 A CA1047823 A CA 1047823A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- bar
- lever
- harrow
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B23/00—Elements, tools, or details of harrows
- A01B23/02—Teeth; Fixing the teeth
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A rectangular frame carries a plurality of trans-verse tooth bars pivoted to the frame with each bar carry-ing a plurality of harrow teeth. A lever arm extends upward-ly from each tooth bar and is connected by a spring to the frame so that an obstruction engaged by any one of the teeth will move the tooth rearwardly against the pressure of the spring which will return the tooth to the original position when the obstruction is passed. A block is bolted to the frame adjacent each lever and may be rotated to any one of four positions and is engaged by the lever and may be rotated to any one of four positions and is engaged by the lever to control the angle of the lever with the horizontal and hence the the angle of inclination of the teeth within the ground to permit a greater angle than usual when harrowing in trash or soft soil. The spacing of the teeth in the rearward bar is such that small furrows are formed between these teeth and the teeth of the next two bars will assist in preventing the soil drifting. Furthermore the weight of the harrow settles the soil and forms a firm seed bed.
A rectangular frame carries a plurality of trans-verse tooth bars pivoted to the frame with each bar carry-ing a plurality of harrow teeth. A lever arm extends upward-ly from each tooth bar and is connected by a spring to the frame so that an obstruction engaged by any one of the teeth will move the tooth rearwardly against the pressure of the spring which will return the tooth to the original position when the obstruction is passed. A block is bolted to the frame adjacent each lever and may be rotated to any one of four positions and is engaged by the lever and may be rotated to any one of four positions and is engaged by the lever to control the angle of the lever with the horizontal and hence the the angle of inclination of the teeth within the ground to permit a greater angle than usual when harrowing in trash or soft soil. The spacing of the teeth in the rearward bar is such that small furrows are formed between these teeth and the teeth of the next two bars will assist in preventing the soil drifting. Furthermore the weight of the harrow settles the soil and forms a firm seed bed.
Description
BACKGROUND OF T~E INVENTION
This invention relates to new and useful improve-ments in harrow sections normally used in preparing the ground for seeding.
Conventionally, such sections include a plurality of teeth depending downwardly from a frame, with the frame ,, .
. .
... . .. . . .
, ' : ', . ~
~47823 being pulled behind a source of power such as a tractor or the like.
These sections are normally relatively lightweight and are provided with fixed teeth so that if a stone or other obstruction is engaged by one of the teeth, the frame is bucked up out of the ground and sometimes tossed onto adjacent harrow sections resulting in broken teeth, bent teeth and damaged har-row frames.
Another disadvantage with conventional harrow sections is the fact that when working in trash or soft soil, the angle of the teeth cannot be varied so that the harrow sections plug up relatively easily.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes these disadvantages firstly by providing a relatively heavy harrow section and sec-ondly, by providing mounting bars for the teeth which are mount-ed for rotation within the frame and are normally held by spring pressure in a fixed position. However, if any one of the teeth encounters an obstruction, the tooth is moved rearwardly against pressure of the spring which immediately returns the harrow teeth to the engaged position once the obstruction is passed.
One aspect of the invention consists of a harrow section ~0478;~3 comprising in combination a substantially rectangular frame, a plurality of harrow tooth bars mounted for partial rota-tion in spaced and parallel relationship transversely of said frame, a plurality of harrow teeth secured to and depending from each harrow tooth bar, lever means extending upwardly from each of said bars, spring means extending between said lever means and said frame normally urging said teeth in the direction of travel, and means to limit the movement of said lever means in the di-rection urged by said spring means.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a device of the character herewithin described which is simple in construction, economical in manufacture and otherwise well suited to the purpose for which it is designed.
,~,~, ~047~323 With the foregoing objects in view, and other such objects and advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this spscification proceeds, my invention consists es-sentially in the arrangement and construction of parts allas hereinafter more particularly described, reference be-ing had to the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ~ THE DRAWINGS
Figure l is a top plan view of a harrow section incorporating the invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure l, Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary side eleva-tion showing the spring mounting for the rearmost tooth bar, Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are enlarged fragmentary side elevations showing the four positions of the block controlling the angle of inclination of the harrow teeth.
In the drawings like characters of reference in-dicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceeding therefore to describe the invention in detail, reference should first be made to Figures 1 and 2 in which the harrow section includes a substantially rectangular frame 10 comprising a pair of spaced and paral-lel longitudinal members 11 bolted or otherwise secured tofront and rear cross members 12 and 13, Diagonal braces 14 extend between the front member and the side members 11 to stiffen the frame structure, A pair of spaced and parallel angle irons 15 are supported upon upstanding brackets 16 and are positioned centrally of the frame 10 and between the longitudinal :
side members 11 and these two angle irons act as guides as will hereinafter be described, Tubular bearing shells 17 are secured to the un-derside of the side members 11 and act as bearings forharrow tooth bars or rods 18 which extend transversely of the frame in spaced and parallel relationship with the ends staggered as illustrated to allow for complete coverage when a plurality of harrow sections is pulled behind a harrow draw bar in the usual manner, Harrow teeth 19 extend downwardly through aper-tures within the bars 18 and are conventional in construc-tion.
The bars, which are partially rotatable within the bearing shells 17, are each provided with an upstanding lever arm 30 secured by the lower end thereof to each of the bars and extending upwardly between the aforementioned guides 15.
A tension spring 21 is secured by one end thereof to the lever arms 20 and by the other end thereof to an ad-justing nut and bolt assembly 22 which engages an eye or bracket 23 depending downwardly from the guides 15 so that the tension of the springs 21 can be adjusted within limits.
In this embodiment, a lug 21A bolted or otherwise secured to lever arm 20 receiving one end of spring 21. These springs 21 normally maintain the lower ends of the teeth 19 in the direction of travel 24 and the forward movement of these lower ends (and of course the rearward movement of the upper ends of levers 20) is limited by means collectively designat-ed 25 and shown in detail in Figures 4 through 7.
Means 25 takes the form of a rectangular block secured to the guide 15 by means of a bolt 27 and it will be noted that the point of connection of the block to the guide is offset relative to the longitudinal and transverse axes 28 and 29 respectively of the block as shown in Figure 7. This means that when the block is positioned as shown in Figure 4, the lever arm 20 is vertical to the horizontal so that the teeth are at 9~ to the horizontal.
If the block 26 is turned to the position shown in Figure 5, then the angle between the lever and the hori-zontal is lO0 as shcwn and if the block is turned as shown in Figure 6, then this angle is llO .
Figure 7 shows the extreme position with the lever at 120 from the horizontal.
As the lever is moved due to the positioning of block 26, so of course are the teeth 19 which incline rear-wardly relative to the direction of travel as shown in phan-tom in Figure 2 and these various positions are chosen de-pending upon the condition of the ground being worked.
For example, with relatively soft soil or trash cover, the angle is increased so that the teeth trail thus preventing the devices from plugging.
Figure 3 shows the spring connection for the rear-most lever specifically designated 20A which is connected to the tooth bar specifically designated 18A because of 10478Z3 - ~-the lack of room for anchoring the spring in the method hereinbefore described~
A bar 30 extends forwardly from the lever 20A and one end of the spring 21 is anchored to the distal end of this bar and to the anchoring means 23 similar to that hereinbefore described.
Reference to Figure 1 will show that the position of the individual teeth 19 of the rearmost tooth bar 18A
is such that it forms a furrow intermediate the furrows formed by the teeth of the next adjacent tooth bar spaci-fically designated 18B and the further bar specifically designated 18C and this furrow formation has been found of value to prevent soil drifting and the like.
Because the harrow sections are relatively heavy compared to conventional sections, it is desirable that they be utilized with hydraulic harrow draw bars and in this connection, apertures 31 are formed through the longi-tudinal members for attachment to conventional hydraulic draw bars.
Finally, additional braces 32 are provided extend-ing from the side members 11 diagonally inwardly and upward-ly to be attached to the guide members 15 in order to steady same.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as hereinabove descri.bed, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illus-trative only and not in a limiting sense.
- ' -
This invention relates to new and useful improve-ments in harrow sections normally used in preparing the ground for seeding.
Conventionally, such sections include a plurality of teeth depending downwardly from a frame, with the frame ,, .
. .
... . .. . . .
, ' : ', . ~
~47823 being pulled behind a source of power such as a tractor or the like.
These sections are normally relatively lightweight and are provided with fixed teeth so that if a stone or other obstruction is engaged by one of the teeth, the frame is bucked up out of the ground and sometimes tossed onto adjacent harrow sections resulting in broken teeth, bent teeth and damaged har-row frames.
Another disadvantage with conventional harrow sections is the fact that when working in trash or soft soil, the angle of the teeth cannot be varied so that the harrow sections plug up relatively easily.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes these disadvantages firstly by providing a relatively heavy harrow section and sec-ondly, by providing mounting bars for the teeth which are mount-ed for rotation within the frame and are normally held by spring pressure in a fixed position. However, if any one of the teeth encounters an obstruction, the tooth is moved rearwardly against pressure of the spring which immediately returns the harrow teeth to the engaged position once the obstruction is passed.
One aspect of the invention consists of a harrow section ~0478;~3 comprising in combination a substantially rectangular frame, a plurality of harrow tooth bars mounted for partial rota-tion in spaced and parallel relationship transversely of said frame, a plurality of harrow teeth secured to and depending from each harrow tooth bar, lever means extending upwardly from each of said bars, spring means extending between said lever means and said frame normally urging said teeth in the direction of travel, and means to limit the movement of said lever means in the di-rection urged by said spring means.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a device of the character herewithin described which is simple in construction, economical in manufacture and otherwise well suited to the purpose for which it is designed.
,~,~, ~047~323 With the foregoing objects in view, and other such objects and advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this spscification proceeds, my invention consists es-sentially in the arrangement and construction of parts allas hereinafter more particularly described, reference be-ing had to the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ~ THE DRAWINGS
Figure l is a top plan view of a harrow section incorporating the invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure l, Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary side eleva-tion showing the spring mounting for the rearmost tooth bar, Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are enlarged fragmentary side elevations showing the four positions of the block controlling the angle of inclination of the harrow teeth.
In the drawings like characters of reference in-dicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceeding therefore to describe the invention in detail, reference should first be made to Figures 1 and 2 in which the harrow section includes a substantially rectangular frame 10 comprising a pair of spaced and paral-lel longitudinal members 11 bolted or otherwise secured tofront and rear cross members 12 and 13, Diagonal braces 14 extend between the front member and the side members 11 to stiffen the frame structure, A pair of spaced and parallel angle irons 15 are supported upon upstanding brackets 16 and are positioned centrally of the frame 10 and between the longitudinal :
side members 11 and these two angle irons act as guides as will hereinafter be described, Tubular bearing shells 17 are secured to the un-derside of the side members 11 and act as bearings forharrow tooth bars or rods 18 which extend transversely of the frame in spaced and parallel relationship with the ends staggered as illustrated to allow for complete coverage when a plurality of harrow sections is pulled behind a harrow draw bar in the usual manner, Harrow teeth 19 extend downwardly through aper-tures within the bars 18 and are conventional in construc-tion.
The bars, which are partially rotatable within the bearing shells 17, are each provided with an upstanding lever arm 30 secured by the lower end thereof to each of the bars and extending upwardly between the aforementioned guides 15.
A tension spring 21 is secured by one end thereof to the lever arms 20 and by the other end thereof to an ad-justing nut and bolt assembly 22 which engages an eye or bracket 23 depending downwardly from the guides 15 so that the tension of the springs 21 can be adjusted within limits.
In this embodiment, a lug 21A bolted or otherwise secured to lever arm 20 receiving one end of spring 21. These springs 21 normally maintain the lower ends of the teeth 19 in the direction of travel 24 and the forward movement of these lower ends (and of course the rearward movement of the upper ends of levers 20) is limited by means collectively designat-ed 25 and shown in detail in Figures 4 through 7.
Means 25 takes the form of a rectangular block secured to the guide 15 by means of a bolt 27 and it will be noted that the point of connection of the block to the guide is offset relative to the longitudinal and transverse axes 28 and 29 respectively of the block as shown in Figure 7. This means that when the block is positioned as shown in Figure 4, the lever arm 20 is vertical to the horizontal so that the teeth are at 9~ to the horizontal.
If the block 26 is turned to the position shown in Figure 5, then the angle between the lever and the hori-zontal is lO0 as shcwn and if the block is turned as shown in Figure 6, then this angle is llO .
Figure 7 shows the extreme position with the lever at 120 from the horizontal.
As the lever is moved due to the positioning of block 26, so of course are the teeth 19 which incline rear-wardly relative to the direction of travel as shown in phan-tom in Figure 2 and these various positions are chosen de-pending upon the condition of the ground being worked.
For example, with relatively soft soil or trash cover, the angle is increased so that the teeth trail thus preventing the devices from plugging.
Figure 3 shows the spring connection for the rear-most lever specifically designated 20A which is connected to the tooth bar specifically designated 18A because of 10478Z3 - ~-the lack of room for anchoring the spring in the method hereinbefore described~
A bar 30 extends forwardly from the lever 20A and one end of the spring 21 is anchored to the distal end of this bar and to the anchoring means 23 similar to that hereinbefore described.
Reference to Figure 1 will show that the position of the individual teeth 19 of the rearmost tooth bar 18A
is such that it forms a furrow intermediate the furrows formed by the teeth of the next adjacent tooth bar spaci-fically designated 18B and the further bar specifically designated 18C and this furrow formation has been found of value to prevent soil drifting and the like.
Because the harrow sections are relatively heavy compared to conventional sections, it is desirable that they be utilized with hydraulic harrow draw bars and in this connection, apertures 31 are formed through the longi-tudinal members for attachment to conventional hydraulic draw bars.
Finally, additional braces 32 are provided extend-ing from the side members 11 diagonally inwardly and upward-ly to be attached to the guide members 15 in order to steady same.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as hereinabove descri.bed, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illus-trative only and not in a limiting sense.
- ' -
Claims (3)
-
- WHAT I CLAIM AS MY INVENTION IS:
(1) A harrow section comprising in combination a substantially rectangular frame, a plurality of harrow tooth bars mounted for partial rotation in spaced and parallel rela-tionship transversely of said frame, a plurality of harrow teeth secured to and depending from each harrow tooth bar, lever means extending upwardly from each of said bars, spring means extending between said lever means and said frame normal-ly urging said teeth in the direction of travel, and means to limit the movement of said lever means in the direction urged by said spring means, said last mentioned means comprising a lever engaging block secured to said frame and positionable in any one of a plurality of positions to vary the angle of in-clination of said teeth relative to the horizontal.
(2) The harrow section according to Claim 1 which includes guide means longitudinally of said frame, said lever means freely engaging said guide means.
(3) The harrow section according to Claim 1 in which said block is substantially rectangular and is provided with four side edges, said block being secured to said frame at an anchoring point offset from the transverse and longitudinal center lines of said block whereby each of said sides is a dif-ferent distance from said anchoring point, the position of said side against which said lever engages, varying the angle of said lever and hence the angle of inclination of said teeth as aforesaid.
(4) The harrow section according to Claim 2 in which said block is substantially rectangular and is provided with four side edges, said block being secured to said frame at an anchoring point offset from the transverse and longitu-dinal center lines of said block whereby each of said sides is a different distance from said anchoring point, the position of said side against which said lever engages, varying the angle of said lever and hence the angle of inclination of said teeth as aforesaid.
(5) The harrow section according to Claims 1, 2 or - 3 in which said tooth bars include at least a rear bar, a fur-ther bar spaced from but adjacent to said rear bar and another bar spaced from but adjacent said further bar, the teeth on said further bar and said other bar being positioned in spaced re-lationship across their respective bars but staggered with re-spect to one another, and the teeth on said rear bar being situ-ated in positions between said teeth on said further and said other bars to form relatively narrow spaced and parallel longi-tudinally extending furrows in the soil behind said harrow sec-tion.
(6) The harrow section according to Claim 4 in which said tooth bars include at least a rear bar, a further bar spaced from but adjacent to said rear bar and another bar spaced from but adjacent said further bar, the teeth on said further bar and said other bar being positioned in spaced rela-tionship across their respective bars but staggered with re-spect to one another, and the teeth on said rear bar being situated in positions between said teeth on said further and said other bars to form relatively narrow spaced and parallel longitudinally extending furrows in the soil behind said har-row section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA261,782A CA1047823A (en) | 1976-09-22 | 1976-09-22 | Harrow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA261,782A CA1047823A (en) | 1976-09-22 | 1976-09-22 | Harrow |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1047823A true CA1047823A (en) | 1979-02-06 |
Family
ID=4106909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA261,782A Expired CA1047823A (en) | 1976-09-22 | 1976-09-22 | Harrow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1047823A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT395669B (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1993-02-25 | Josef Niedermaier | HARROW |
| US5622229A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1997-04-22 | Degelman Industries, Inc. | Harrow bar assembly |
| EP3578025A3 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-25 | Lemken GmbH & Co KG | Weeding machine and weeding element |
| RU199544U1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-07 | Сергей Владимирович Санин | Flexible harrow section |
-
1976
- 1976-09-22 CA CA261,782A patent/CA1047823A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT395669B (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1993-02-25 | Josef Niedermaier | HARROW |
| US5622229A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1997-04-22 | Degelman Industries, Inc. | Harrow bar assembly |
| EP3578025A3 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-25 | Lemken GmbH & Co KG | Weeding machine and weeding element |
| RU199544U1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-07 | Сергей Владимирович Санин | Flexible harrow section |
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