CA1045822A - Incendiary compositions and the manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Incendiary compositions and the manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1045822A CA1045822A CA220,148A CA220148A CA1045822A CA 1045822 A CA1045822 A CA 1045822A CA 220148 A CA220148 A CA 220148A CA 1045822 A CA1045822 A CA 1045822A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- incendiary composition
- composition
- particulate
- rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/02—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A plastic incendiary composition, of the type useful in the manufacture of igniter cords, is provided which consists of finely divided PVC, a plasticizer for the PVC, a particulate metal and a solid oxidizer. The components are mixed together in paste form and extruded around a length of yarn or wire.
A plastic incendiary composition, of the type useful in the manufacture of igniter cords, is provided which consists of finely divided PVC, a plasticizer for the PVC, a particulate metal and a solid oxidizer. The components are mixed together in paste form and extruded around a length of yarn or wire.
Description
The present invention relates to improved incendiary compositions and to the method of preparing such cornpositions. More particularly, it relates to plastic cornpositions of an incendiary type and to the S manufacture of continuous rods of such compositions.
Plastic incendiary compositions are used in tile explosives industry, for example, in the manufacture of ignitercord Plastics, including incendiary plastics, are normally extruded hot and cooled or allowed to cool.
It is an object of the present invention to provide improved plastic incendiary compositions, which are relatively safe to manufacture and which can be - used in different applications.
It is a further object to provide a method for the continuous manufacture of such compositions in specific shapesD By continuous manufacture, we mean a method of extruding an incendiary plastic from a cold extruder with subsequent continuous heating and cooling to produce the desired productO
According to the present invention a plastic incendiary composition lS provided comprising essentially polyvinylchloride in a finely divided form, a liquid plasticizer for the polyvinylchloride, a particulate metal or metal compound and a particulate solid oxidizer.
The liquid plasticizer for the polyvinylchloride is selected preferably from dibutylphthalate, diisooctyl-phthalate or a combination of dinitrotoluene and mono-nitrotolueneO
' :
.
,., , ~ .
, . ,, :.
. .. -.. ..
- ~0~8;~2 T~le particula-te metal or metal compound is selec-ted preferûbly from any one or a combination of ferroman~anese, ferrosilicon, cûlcium silicide and zinc, The preferred particulûte solid oxidizer is po-tassium perchlorate.
The rûtio of plûsticizer to polyvinylchloride is preferably within the range of from 200 to 400 parts of plasticizer per 10~ parts of polymer.
The mass percentage of plasticized polyvinyl-chloride in the total composition may be within therange of lS to 35 per centO
The mass percentage of particulate solid oxidizer in the total of the particulate material may be within the range of from 15 to 35 per cent and this mixture may constitute 65 to 85 mass per cent of the total composition.
If dinitrotoluene is used as a plasticizer, it may be used as a solution of dinitrotoluene in mononitro-toluene wherein the mononitrotoluene constitutes between 20 and 40 per cent of the solutionO
If ferrosilicon is used in addition to the particulate metal or metal compound, the ferrosilicon content of the combination should preferably be less than 10 per cent.
The invention includes a method for the manufacture of the plastic incendiary composition comprising the steps of intimately mixing finely divided polyvinylchloride with liquid plasticizer, adding thereto a mixture of particulate metal or metal compound with a particulate solid oxidizer to produce a paste, extruding the paste from a pressure vessel around a flexible .
. .
''' ~' ` : ' '' ~ ' ' - 1~4~8ZZ
central support to form a continuous rod of plastic incendiary composition, then immediately thereafter passiny the rod through a heating device to set the rod and causina or allowing the rod to cool.
The flexible central support for the continuous rod may be a synthetic yarn or a metal wireO The heating device may be a tube furnace the temperature in which depends on the residence time of a portion of the rod in the furnaceO
The heating of the rod formed from the paste causes the rod to set whereby a continuous, flexible rod of plastic incendiary composition is obtainedO
The rod may be cooled by means of air or waterO
This rod may be used in different applications such as, for example, the core of a timing fuse or to replace the incendiary compositions used in ignitercord connectors by cutting the rod into small lengths and inserting these lengths into the connector. The utility of the rod is, however, not limited to these applications mentioned above.
The following examples are included to describe furth-er the present invention but without restricting the scope of the invention in any way. The proportions of the various ingredients of the incendiary compositions are indicated as percentage by massO
.
_ 4 _ . .. . . : . - ... . : .
.. ~ . . ~ : . . ~ .:
. .:. - - : - :
'. - . '. . . :- :: . : -.
:. : .............. , . . . : : ~ : :, ., ~ , . . . . .: : .. . . :. . . :
)4~822 EXAMPLE I
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene 12%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 24%
Ferromanganese 56%
EXAMPLE II
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene 10%
10 . Mononitrotoluene 6%
Potassium perchlorate 20%
Zinc - 60%
EXAMPLE III
Polyvinylchloride 4% ~:
Dinitrotoluene 12%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 24%
Ferromanganese 28% .:.
Zinc 28%
EXAMPLE IV .
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene ~ 10%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 20%
Calcium silicide 60%
In each of the above four examples, the suspension of polyviny-chloride, dinitrotoluene and mononitrotoluene was _ 5 -- .. . ~ . . .
~. . . . : ~ . ,:, . ~
. ~ . ,. . , -, ~'' '. ,.~: ',"''. :
, - , ... . . .
1~458ZZ
mixed with the mixture of ground potassium perchlorate and particul~t~ metal, extruded ~round a flexible central support of cotton and suitably heat treated to obtain proper curingO
In 2 mm diameter cords, burning unconfined, the above compositions exhibited linear burning times as given hereunderO
350 sec/m for the composition of Example I
60 sec/m for the composition of Example II
200 sec/m for the composition of Example III
300 sec/m for the composition of Example IV
These burning times may vary according to the particle size of the metalO Above are typical examples where the particle size of the ferromanganese and calcium silicide was < 50 micrometres and the zinc was of the ultrafine dust gradeO
EXAMPLE V
This incendiary composition was prepared and extruded in the form of a rod in the same way as the 20 compositions of the preceding four examples, Polyvinylchloride 4,0%
Dinitrotoluene 12,8%
Mononitrotoluene 3,2%
Potassium perchlorate (-150 - micrometers) 20,0%
Ferromanganese (ball-milled and sieved : - 50 micrometer fraction) 60,0%
- ''' .
. : : : :
. : - ' ' ,:, , -:
.
- iO4S822 Safety fuse was manufactured in the known, conventional way, employing the rod as the incendiary core of the fuseO Three samples numbered 1, 2 and 3, each consisting of 25 fuses rneasuring 1 metre in length, were testedD The undernoted results were obtained: -Mean burning Standard time deviation Sample(sec/m) (sec/m) 1 271,7 4,2 . 2 270,1 1,6 3 271,9 1~2 Burning unconfined, the rod of this composition exhibited - a linear burning time of 260 sec/mO
A 10 gram mass of rod taken from each of the Examples I to V
all burned to completion under waterO
- . - ~ .. .
'` ' ' ,'' ~" - :, . ': : - ., :
.:
-. ' - ~ ' ' ' ..:
Plastic incendiary compositions are used in tile explosives industry, for example, in the manufacture of ignitercord Plastics, including incendiary plastics, are normally extruded hot and cooled or allowed to cool.
It is an object of the present invention to provide improved plastic incendiary compositions, which are relatively safe to manufacture and which can be - used in different applications.
It is a further object to provide a method for the continuous manufacture of such compositions in specific shapesD By continuous manufacture, we mean a method of extruding an incendiary plastic from a cold extruder with subsequent continuous heating and cooling to produce the desired productO
According to the present invention a plastic incendiary composition lS provided comprising essentially polyvinylchloride in a finely divided form, a liquid plasticizer for the polyvinylchloride, a particulate metal or metal compound and a particulate solid oxidizer.
The liquid plasticizer for the polyvinylchloride is selected preferably from dibutylphthalate, diisooctyl-phthalate or a combination of dinitrotoluene and mono-nitrotolueneO
' :
.
,., , ~ .
, . ,, :.
. .. -.. ..
- ~0~8;~2 T~le particula-te metal or metal compound is selec-ted preferûbly from any one or a combination of ferroman~anese, ferrosilicon, cûlcium silicide and zinc, The preferred particulûte solid oxidizer is po-tassium perchlorate.
The rûtio of plûsticizer to polyvinylchloride is preferably within the range of from 200 to 400 parts of plasticizer per 10~ parts of polymer.
The mass percentage of plasticized polyvinyl-chloride in the total composition may be within therange of lS to 35 per centO
The mass percentage of particulate solid oxidizer in the total of the particulate material may be within the range of from 15 to 35 per cent and this mixture may constitute 65 to 85 mass per cent of the total composition.
If dinitrotoluene is used as a plasticizer, it may be used as a solution of dinitrotoluene in mononitro-toluene wherein the mononitrotoluene constitutes between 20 and 40 per cent of the solutionO
If ferrosilicon is used in addition to the particulate metal or metal compound, the ferrosilicon content of the combination should preferably be less than 10 per cent.
The invention includes a method for the manufacture of the plastic incendiary composition comprising the steps of intimately mixing finely divided polyvinylchloride with liquid plasticizer, adding thereto a mixture of particulate metal or metal compound with a particulate solid oxidizer to produce a paste, extruding the paste from a pressure vessel around a flexible .
. .
''' ~' ` : ' '' ~ ' ' - 1~4~8ZZ
central support to form a continuous rod of plastic incendiary composition, then immediately thereafter passiny the rod through a heating device to set the rod and causina or allowing the rod to cool.
The flexible central support for the continuous rod may be a synthetic yarn or a metal wireO The heating device may be a tube furnace the temperature in which depends on the residence time of a portion of the rod in the furnaceO
The heating of the rod formed from the paste causes the rod to set whereby a continuous, flexible rod of plastic incendiary composition is obtainedO
The rod may be cooled by means of air or waterO
This rod may be used in different applications such as, for example, the core of a timing fuse or to replace the incendiary compositions used in ignitercord connectors by cutting the rod into small lengths and inserting these lengths into the connector. The utility of the rod is, however, not limited to these applications mentioned above.
The following examples are included to describe furth-er the present invention but without restricting the scope of the invention in any way. The proportions of the various ingredients of the incendiary compositions are indicated as percentage by massO
.
_ 4 _ . .. . . : . - ... . : .
.. ~ . . ~ : . . ~ .:
. .:. - - : - :
'. - . '. . . :- :: . : -.
:. : .............. , . . . : : ~ : :, ., ~ , . . . . .: : .. . . :. . . :
)4~822 EXAMPLE I
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene 12%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 24%
Ferromanganese 56%
EXAMPLE II
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene 10%
10 . Mononitrotoluene 6%
Potassium perchlorate 20%
Zinc - 60%
EXAMPLE III
Polyvinylchloride 4% ~:
Dinitrotoluene 12%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 24%
Ferromanganese 28% .:.
Zinc 28%
EXAMPLE IV .
Polyvinylchloride 4%
Dinitrotoluene ~ 10%
Mononitrotoluene 4%
Potassium perchlorate 20%
Calcium silicide 60%
In each of the above four examples, the suspension of polyviny-chloride, dinitrotoluene and mononitrotoluene was _ 5 -- .. . ~ . . .
~. . . . : ~ . ,:, . ~
. ~ . ,. . , -, ~'' '. ,.~: ',"''. :
, - , ... . . .
1~458ZZ
mixed with the mixture of ground potassium perchlorate and particul~t~ metal, extruded ~round a flexible central support of cotton and suitably heat treated to obtain proper curingO
In 2 mm diameter cords, burning unconfined, the above compositions exhibited linear burning times as given hereunderO
350 sec/m for the composition of Example I
60 sec/m for the composition of Example II
200 sec/m for the composition of Example III
300 sec/m for the composition of Example IV
These burning times may vary according to the particle size of the metalO Above are typical examples where the particle size of the ferromanganese and calcium silicide was < 50 micrometres and the zinc was of the ultrafine dust gradeO
EXAMPLE V
This incendiary composition was prepared and extruded in the form of a rod in the same way as the 20 compositions of the preceding four examples, Polyvinylchloride 4,0%
Dinitrotoluene 12,8%
Mononitrotoluene 3,2%
Potassium perchlorate (-150 - micrometers) 20,0%
Ferromanganese (ball-milled and sieved : - 50 micrometer fraction) 60,0%
- ''' .
. : : : :
. : - ' ' ,:, , -:
.
- iO4S822 Safety fuse was manufactured in the known, conventional way, employing the rod as the incendiary core of the fuseO Three samples numbered 1, 2 and 3, each consisting of 25 fuses rneasuring 1 metre in length, were testedD The undernoted results were obtained: -Mean burning Standard time deviation Sample(sec/m) (sec/m) 1 271,7 4,2 . 2 270,1 1,6 3 271,9 1~2 Burning unconfined, the rod of this composition exhibited - a linear burning time of 260 sec/mO
A 10 gram mass of rod taken from each of the Examples I to V
all burned to completion under waterO
- . - ~ .. .
'` ' ' ,'' ~" - :, . ': : - ., :
.:
-. ' - ~ ' ' ' ..:
Claims (12)
1. A plastic incendiary composition comprising essentially polyvinylchloride in a finely divided form, a liquid plasticizer for the polyvinylchloride, a particulate metal or metal compound and a particulate solid oxidizer.
2. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the liquid plasticizer is dibutylphthalate or diisooc-tylphthalate.
3. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the liquid plasticizer is a combination of dinitrotoluene and mononitrotoluene.
4. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 3 in which the dinitrotoluene is used as a solution of dinitrotoluene in mononitrotoluene wherein the mononitrotoluene constitutes between 20 and 40 per cent of the solution.
5. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the particulate metal or metal compound is any one or a combination of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, cal-cium silicide and zinc.
6. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in-claim 5 in which the ferrosilicon content of the combination is less than 10 per cent.
7. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the particulate solid oxidizer is potassium perchlorate.
8. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the ratio of plasticizer to polyvinylchloride is within the range of from 200 to 400 parts of plasticizer per 100 parts of polymer.
9. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the mass percentage of plasticized polyvinyl-chloride in the incendiary composition is within the range of 15 to 35 per cent.
10. A plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the mass percentage of particulate solid oxidizer in the total mass of the particulate material is within the range of from 15 to 35 per cent and the total mass of the particulate material constitutes 65 to 85 mass per cent of the incendiary composition.
11. A method for the manufacture of a plastic incen-diary composition comprising the steps of intimately mixing finely divided polyvinylchloride with liquid plasticizer, adding thereto a mixture of particulate metal or metal compound with a particulate solid oxidizer to produce a paste, extruding the paste from a pressure vessel around a flexible central support to form a continuous rod of plastic incendiary composition, then immediately thereafter passing the rod through a heating device to set the rod and causing or allowing the rod to cool.
12. A method for the manufacture of the plastic incendiary composition as claimed in Claim 11 in which the flexible central support is a synthetic yarn or a metal wire.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA00741060A ZA741060B (en) | 1974-02-19 | 1974-02-19 | Improvements in incendary compositions and the manufacturing thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1045822A true CA1045822A (en) | 1979-01-09 |
Family
ID=25567387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA220,148A Expired CA1045822A (en) | 1974-02-19 | 1975-02-14 | Incendiary compositions and the manufacture thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1045822A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1457725A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA741060B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3424502A1 (en) * | 1984-07-04 | 1986-01-09 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | IGNITION BLEND FOR CHEMICAL OXYGEN GENERATORS |
-
1974
- 1974-02-19 ZA ZA00741060A patent/ZA741060B/en unknown
-
1975
- 1975-02-14 CA CA220,148A patent/CA1045822A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-14 GB GB639475A patent/GB1457725A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1457725A (en) | 1976-12-08 |
| ZA741060B (en) | 1975-10-29 |
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