CA1043644A - Coating interior of pipe with flowable rubber composition by means of movable applicator - Google Patents
Coating interior of pipe with flowable rubber composition by means of movable applicatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1043644A CA1043644A CA209,025A CA209025A CA1043644A CA 1043644 A CA1043644 A CA 1043644A CA 209025 A CA209025 A CA 209025A CA 1043644 A CA1043644 A CA 1043644A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- weight
- parts
- applicator
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C7/00—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
- B05C7/06—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work by devices moving in contact with the work
- B05C7/08—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work by devices moving in contact with the work for applying liquids or other fluent materials to the inside of tubes
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A process and apparatus are described for providing steel pipe with an elastomeric lining. A flowable composition, which is curable at room temperature to an elastomer, is spread onto the inside of a pipe by moving within the pipe an applicator which comprises a forward member in the form of a plate and attached thereto by rods a rearward member disposed to leave a space between the forward and rearward member, the rearward member having a frusto-conical peripheral surface, the frusto-conical surface converging in the forward direction, and being arranged to leave a gap of pre-determined size between its outer edge and the inside of the pipe, the flowable composition being supplied to the space between the forward and rearward members.
Description
~0~3~
Thi~ invention relate~ to a proce~ of and apparatus for linLng metal pipes, so a9 to provide the pipes with a protective elaetomeric lining.
The tran~mi~sion of fluids, ~uch as ore su~peneions, chemical treatment liquid~ and the like by means of pipelines is well known and well accepted. It is a relatively -~i~ple and economical means of transmis~ion of such materials con-tinuously over long distances. Howover, in cases where abrasive liquids such as mineral ore and coal ~lurries or corrosive liquid~ such as acids have to be transmitted, heavy demands are placed upon tho ~teel pipe sectio~ compri~ing the pipe-line. If the pipe ~ections are to withstand the action of ~u¢h materials for extended periods of time, to reduce co~ts of maintenance, repair and replacement of the pipe ~e¢tion~, they noed to be provided with some form of protection, particu-larly at bends and elbows in the pipeline where abra~ive wear i~ particularly ~evere. It is thus known to provide pipelines with inner 1 ning of resilient material, normally natural or synthetic rubber, as protection against internal abrasion and corrosion, to prolong the service life of the steel pipe ~ections.
The present invention provides a method and apparatu~
whereby steel pipe sections may be provided with ~nternal rub~er linings, the lining~ being of synthetic rubber of a type which can be applied to the pipe in the uncured state as a flowable liquid, but which cures to re~ilient rubber in situ after application, without application of heat or special ~- -curing conditions.
According to a fir~t agpect of the present invention, , . ~
., ~ ~ ,.
1C)~3~44 there is provided a process for providing metal pipes with elastomeric lining which comprises dispos~ng within the ~;
metal pipe an axially movable applicator, the applicator compri~ing a forward member movable rela~ve to the pi~e and disposed to maintain close co-operation with the inside surface of the pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member di6po~ed to leave a space between the forward member and the rearward momber, said rearward m~mber boing arranged to leave a peripheral gap of prodetermined size between its outer edge and the ins~de ~urace of the plpe; supplying flowable composition which is curable at room temperatures to an ela~to~er, to ~aid ~pace;
~oving the applicator forward relative to the pipe; regulating the ~upply of composition to the appl~cator ~o as to allow ~proadinq of the compo~ition onto the in~ide urfac~ o~ the pip- by tho r-arward member cont$nuou~1y a~ the applicator ~ov ~ forward r-lative to the pipe; removing the applicator fro~ within the pipo: and allow$ng the compo-ition to cure on the inside ~urface of the pipe to provide an ela~tomeric l~ning ther-on According to a 6econd aspect of the inv~ntion, there i8 provided an apparatus for providing metal pipo~ with ela~to-meric lin ng which comprises an applicator adapted to be di~-po~d with~n and axially movable relative to the metal pipe to be lined, said appl$cator comprising a forw~rd member movable relative to the pipe and disposed to maintain clo~e co-operation w$th the inside surface of the pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member aisposed to loave a ~pace between the forward member and the rearward ,;
., .
.. ..
:, , . , . , , ~ ..
q~ 4 7 member, ~aid rearward ~ember beLng adapted 80 as to leave a peripheral gap of predetermined size between its outer edge and the inside 8urface of a pipe to be lLned; means for sup-plying flowable composition to ~aid spa~e; means for ~oving ~aid applicator axially forwardly relative to the pipe to be lined whilst flowa~le composition i8 supplied to said space.
lhe applicator used ~n the pre~ent invention pre-ferably ha~ a rearward member which prosonts a frusto-conical peripheral outer surface to the inside surface of the pipe, the frusto-conical surface taper~ng in the forward diroction.
By the~e means, even, continuous, smooth spreading of the liguid composition on the pipe inner wrfacc is accomplished, ~ the appl~cator moves relative to the pipe, the lining thick-ne~ b-~ng dotermined by the gap betwoen tho edge of the p ri-ph~ral fru-to-conical ~urface and the ~n~ido ~urface of the plpe.
~ he forward membor of the applicator i8 proforably of plate-like form, and ~orves to define a ~pace to which ~ curable composition is delivered. In one preferr-d embodiment, ; 20 the forward m~mber leaves a ~m~ll peripheral gap between it~
~ -, outor periphory and the in~ide ~urface of the pipo to be lined.
~he size of the 8mall gap i8 less than the thickness of the lin~ng to be depos~ted. Thus the gap allow~ some deposition o ~terial on the inside surface of the pipe ahead of the forward member, under certain conditions. The provigion of this gap allows for changes in the flow rate of the composition to the pace of the applicator head, by preventing generation of exc-ss pres6ures in 6aid 6pace. In another prcferred embodi-ment, the forward me~ber is provided with an annular sliding ~ 3 ~
~ ,........... ,,., . - ;. ~
~.. ~ . . . ,: . , 1~3~i~4 seal of hard re~ilient materlal, e.g. hard rubbor, around it~
periphery. The seal make~ Qliding engagement with the pipe inner surfàce to be l~ned. This arrangement ensures that no fouling of other mechanical parts of the applicator with com-position occur~, and also provide~ some final cleaning of the inner ~urface of the pipe by its sliding action, immediately prior to composition application.
Suitably, the flowable composition comprise~ a ter-minally reactiv~ diolefin polymer, curable to a rubbery con-position, and a curative for the diolefin polymer, the co~-po~ition having a vi~co~ity below about 1,000,000 cps. The terminally reactive diolefin polymer is proferably a liquid polymer o~ butadiene, said polymor having terminal allylic halidQ group~, and the curativ i~ preferably a polya d ne. Such a terminally reactiv diolefin polyo~r may suitably be mlxed with a rubb ry thermop}astic polymer, a thixotropic materlal and a solv-nt for the thermopla~tic polymer, the amount of solvant being ~ufficient to mai~tain the vi~co~ity of the compo~itlon below about 1,000,000 cp~., and preferably from about 750,000 to about 500,000 cp~.
The mo~t preferred t rminally reactive diolefin poiymer i~ a liquid polymer of butad~ene having terminal allylic bromide group~, in an a~cunt of, on avorage, more than one and prefor-ably about two reactive group per molecule. Such materials are available on the market, and in conjunction with suitable curing agent~, cure to rubbery re~ilient compo~itions at room temperature. A~ alternatives to tenminally brominated butadiene polymer~, there may be mentioned liquid polymers of butadiene or isoprene having terminal reactive group~ ~uch a~ hydroxyl or -carboxyl groups The rubbery thexmoplastic polymers which can be u~ed in these compositions are polymers having satisfactory rubber-like properties at room temperature and which, at elevated -temperature, can be processed as typical thermoplastic xesins Such polymers include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl ~crylate copolymers, and block copolymers of the A(BA) type whore A is a resinous polymeric block e g poly-ethylene or polypropylone or i8 a mono-alkenyl aromatic hydro-carbon polymer, ~uch as a styrene polymer or a-methyl styrene polymer, and B iB an elastomeric block e g an ethylene-propylene copolymer or a conjugated diolefin polymer, ~uch as a butadleno polymer, or an ~opr-n polymer ~he rubbery th-rmoplastic polym-r nhances the ~tr ngth of the final cur d compositlon Pr-f-rred among tho thermoplaatic rubbery poly~ers are block co-poly~ r~ of tho typ- A(BA)n type where A i8 a monoalk nyl aro-m tlc hydrocarbon polymer block, B i8 a conjugated diolefin polymer block, and n is an int ger from 1 to 4 The proferred compositions conta~n a thixotropic ma~erisl This mat-rial s-rves to give the composit~on suf-f~ci-nt body that it will ma~ntain its position when applied -- ~t r duce- slump in the lining before the lining has cured -and y t it oxhibits a decrease in viscosîty ao applied shear ~ ncreased Suitable thixotropic material is the very fine particle size si1ica, an example of which is Cab-0-Sil (Trademark of Cabot Corporation) The particle size of ~uitable silica i~
; from about 70 to about 500 Angstroms In addition, the preferred compositions according to the invention contain an organic solvent for the block 1~3~44 copolymer, in an amount to maintain the viscosity of the composition below about 1,000,000 cps., preferably of from about 750,000 Cp8. to about 500,000 cps. Suitably, the solvent is toluene, benzene, cyclohexane or mixtures of two or more of these. In the process of the invention, the solvent largely evaporates from the composition on curing, and is collected and re-used.
The preferred compositions may contain a naphthenic oil.
Suitable naphthenic oils meet the ASTM D2226 Type 103 designa-tion and can have a range of viscosities. Aromatic orparaffinic oils are not suitable. An example of a suitable oil i8 Sunthene 422 (Trademark of Sun Oil Company).
The compositions used in the present invention may include a reinforcing filler, to enhance the tensile strength and abra~ion re~istance of the final cured rubbery composition.
8ultable fillers are the carbon black~. The composition~ may optionally also include a bituminous ~ubstance such a~ a~phalt or coal tar, which provide~ body to the compo~ition, and as~ist~
; in providin~ adhesion of the composition to the inner pipe ~urface~ to be lined.
It is necessary to include a curative for the terminally reactLve diolefin polymer in the compositions prior to their application. The type of curative used depend~ on the type of reactive group pre~ent in the polymer. It is a poly-functional curative, Quch as a polyepoxide, polyi~ocyanate or ~! polyamine which i5 capable of reacting with terminal groups in the polymer and forming a cured structure. In the case of the preferred polymer of butadiene having terminal allylic bromide group~, the curative is a polyamine, preferably a poly (alkyl-enimine) containing more than five amine nitrogen atoms per i l molecule.
i, .
~ - 6 -, The relative portions of ingredients in the flowable compositions used in the present invention can vary over fairly wide limlts. Suitably, for 100 parts by weight of terminally reactive pol~mer, there will be included from about 50 to about 300 parts by weight, preferably from about 200 to about 300 parts by weight, of the rubbery thermoplastic polymer, from about 2 to about 20 parts by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 10 parts by weight, of the curative for the terminally reactive polymer, from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of thixotropic material, preferably from 30 to 50 parts by weight, and from 0 to 100 parts by weight, preferably about 20 to about 40 parts by weight, of naphthenic oil, from 0 to about 100 parts by weight of asphalt, from 0 to about 60 parts by weight of carbon black reinforcing filler, and from about 100 to about 400 parts by weight, preferably from 150 to 300 parts by weight, of organic solvent.
The cured rubber linings obtained from these liquid compositions have the necessary resilience, tensile strength and abrasion resistance to withstand the transportation of abrasive ~lurries and corrosive materials for extended periods of time.
They are relatively simple and easy to apply by the process of the present invention, and cure in situ without special treat-ment or heating, to provide the desirable rubber linings.
A specific embodiment of an apparatus and proces~
according to the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying draw:ngs in which:
FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side view, partly in section of one form of apparatus for lining a straight pipe section;
.~', ,,~.
....... . .
- 104;~4 FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic plan view partly in section, of an apparatus for lining a curved pipe section, or "elbow", of constant curvature.
FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic side sectional view of a portion of an alternative apparatus for use in place of that shown in Fig. 1.
In the drawings, like reference numerals indicate like parts.
With reference to Fig. 1 a steel pipe section 10 of cylindrical form to be provided with an elastomeric lining is mounted securely on a work table 11 by means of clamps 12, 13.
Within the pipe 10 is located an axially movable applicator, generally designated 14. The applicator comprises a forward member 15 in the form of a plate, a frusto-conical rearward member 16 attached to the forward member 15 by means of rods 17, 18, and an elongated metal tube 19 for supplying the flowable composltion. The rearward member 16 is disposed rearwardly of the forward member 15 80 as to leave a space 20 therebetween.
The end of the tube 19 opens into the space 20, for the supplying of the compo~ition to the space 20.
Tube 19 extends beyond the forward end of the pipe section 10, and is slideably received and supported in a bearing 21 mounted on a pedestal on the table 11, beyond the forward end of the pipe section 10. The forward end of tube 19 is connected via flexible supply tubing 23 to a source of supply of flowable lining composition ~not shown).
Tube 19, which is secured to forward member 15 of applicator 14, is provided with a depending bracket 24 near the rearward end thereof. This is connected to a flexible drive cable 25 which connects via sheave 26 in the pede~tal A
, .- , .. ., ......... .,. ~ . . ..
... . . .; , . , " ~- .. , .
1043~4 and sheave 27 to motorized winch 28 mounted on a lower level o~ table 11 Winch 28 thus serves to pull applicator 14 ax~ally forwardly through pipe section 10 The forward member 15 of applicator 14 is in the form of a plate It is provlded at its periphery with an annular sliding ~eal 2g mounted in a peripheral recess in ~ember lS, and made o~ hard resilient material ~u~h as hard rubber Ihe applicator 14 i5 arr~nged 80 that seal 15 fit~
~nugly with n plpe soction 10 80 as to ~ake a smooth sl~ding ~eal ~th the ~lde plpe ~urface to be l~ned The r-arward member 16 of appllcator 14 presents a frusto-conlcal urface 30, converging in the forward direct~on, to the ~slde plpe ~urface m e tra~ g dge 31 define~ a p rlph~ral gap 32 of pr-determined size b tw n ~t and the ~nslde pipè ~urface, and acts as a ~pr--a~ng ~dge for appll- !
cation o th co~pos~t~on ~n operatlon, floxlble tube 23 ~8 connected to a ~ource of ~upply of c~rable flowable co~po itlon, plpe sectlon 10 i8 cl-~ped to work table 11, applicator 14 ~8 placed inside th pipe ~-ctlon 10 at the extrome left-hand nd, tube 19 1~
~ount~d in b~ar~ng 21, and flexible drive cable 25 i8 connccted to w~ch 28 Supply of flowable co~po~ition i8 commenced, und allowod to co~tinue until 8paCe 20 i8 ub~tantially filled . , .
with compo~ition, whereupon winch 28 i~ 6tarted up 80 that applicator 1~ i8 drawn forwardly through the pipe ~ection 10 .
The ~upply of materlal to ~pace 20 is regulated in conjunction ;~ with the speed of travel 80 as to ~aintain space 20 sub~taA-tially full of composition to be applied As appllcator 14 moves axially with~n the pipe ~ection 10, compo6ition is~ue6 ' 1(~43~-~44 through gap 32, and i8 effectively ~pread by trailing edge 31 of rearward member 16 on the inner ~urface of the pipe section 10, to a thickne~s corresponding to the predetermined width of the gap 32. Forward member 15, which precedes rearward member 16 in this travel provides a degree of cleaning of the inside ~urface of the pipe section immediately prior to applicat~on of lining composition, as well as providang a seal to prevent i~sue of ~aterial forwardly of plate 15. When the applicator 14 reaches the forward end of pipe section 10, 80 that sub-~tantially the entire inside pipe surface i8 lined with com-po~ition, the ~upply of composition to tube 23 is ~hut off, winch 28 is stopped and the applicator 14 is removed from the pipe ~ection 10. Then the pipe section 10 is left 80 that the ¢oqpo~ition can cure, to form an elastomeric lin~ng on the insido ~urace thereof.
With roforence to Fig. 2, there is provided a work Wbl~ 33, on tho top surface of which is pivotally mounted at 34 a ~ector plate 35. The sector plate 35 is ~Npported on ball rollers 36, 37, 38 for pivotal movement relative to the table 33 about p~vot 34. A pipe elbow 39 of con~tant curvature, to be lined, i~ clamped to the sector plate 35 by means of relea-able clamps 40, 41. The elbow 39 is 6upported 80 that it~
centxe of curvature coincides with that of the sector plate 35.
The sector plate 35 carrying the elbow 39 is adapted to be ; rotated about pivot 34 by,means of motorized winch generally de~ignated 42 and cable 43 attached to point "Xn, 80 that sector plate 35 travels from the position shown in f~ll line~ in Fig. 2 to the position 8hOWn in broken lines in Fig. 2.
Di~po~ed witbin pipe elbow 39 is an applicator . . . . - . . . , . . . -;~ , - - .. - - - .. .. ~ .
gener~lly designated 14, and ~imilar in mo~t respect to the applicator described with respect to Fig. 1. ThUS it comprises forward member 15 in the form of a plate, a rearward member 16 of generally ~rusto-conical form, rods 17, 18 connecting forward member 15 to rearward member 16, and an elongated rigid metal tube 19 for ~upplying liquid material to space 20 between the forward and rearward members. The forward member 15 and rear-ward member 16 are angularly displaced relative to one another, rods 17 and 18 being of different length~, and tube 19 i8 curved, ~o that the applicator 14 as a whole has a radiu~ of curvature ~ub~tantially coinciding with that of pipe elbow 39, and a centre of curvature located at pivot 34.
At its forward end, beyond the end of pipe elbow 39 Jnd ~ector plate 35, tube 19 is mounted on a pede~tal 22 on the worX table 33. It is connected to a source of ~upply of flow-able co~po~ition.
The operation of the apparatus of Fig. 2 in conduct~ng the proco~ of the invention i~ similar to that of Fig. 1, xcopt that in this ca~e the applicator 14 i8 kept stationary while ~ector plate 35 and pipe elbow 39 move, about pivot 34.
Flowable composition is ~upplied to space 20 and ~pread on the inner pipe elbow ~urface by frusto-conical rearward member 16, in the manner previously described. The rate of ~upply of flowable composition to space 20 i~ regulated in accordance with the speed of angular movement of pipe elbow 39, so as to keep space 20 substantially full of lining material. When sector plate 35 and pipe elbow 39 reach the limit of their angular travel, indicated by broken lines in Fig. 2, applicator 14 has moved ~ubstantially completely through pipe elbow 39 ~o - ` ~.o~a3~4 as to complete the lining thereof. Supply of flowable com-position is shut off, and the lining is allowed to cure ir.
situ on the pipe.
It will be appreciated that the thickness of lining applied is determined by the size of the gap 32 between the e~ge of rearward member 16 and the inner pipe surface. The gap ~ize can thus be changed by replacing rearward plate member 16 by another ~uch member of different ~ize or different frusto-conical angle, or by adjusting the frusto-conical angle on a givon rearward member.
Fig. 3 shows an alternative form of applicator to that illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 3, the forward member 15a, whil~t ~till of plate-like form, leaves a ~mall peripheral gap 44 between it~elf and the innor ~urface of the pipe 10 to be coat-d. Flowable composition 45 is delivered by tube l9a to ~pac- 20a between forward member 15a and rearward member 16a, ~nd can flow forwardly of forward member 15a through gap 44, - as ~hown at 46, if sufficient pressure exists in ~pace 20a.
Gap 44 iB ~maller than peripheral gap 32 between rearward m-~ber 16a and the inner ~urface of pipe 10 to be coated. As noted, this arrangement allows fluctuations in the flow rate of comp~sition to 6pace 20a, with consequent variations in pres~ure in space 20a, to be tolerated without adversely affec-ting the evenness of the coating applied.
The form of rearward member 16a i8 also changed slightly from that shown in Fig. 1. The frusto-conical surface 30a is reduced in size, and an extended cylindrical outer surface 47 i8 provided, defining the peripheral gap 32 which control6 the coating thickness.
.,, ., - , .,:
10~ 44 Location and support of the applicator in Fig. 3 within the pipe 10 is arranged by the provision of a sup-porting wheeled structure 48 secured to pipe tube l9a within pipe 10, and located forwardly of forward member l5a. Sup- - -portang structure 44 is provided with arms 49, 50 carrying wheel~ 51, 52, 53, 54 at each end thereof. Arm~ 49, 50 are pivotally mounted on the structure 48, and are adjustable relstive thereto 80 as to arrange for wheels 51, 52, 53, 54 to bear upon the inner pipe ~urface and support the tube l9a ~nd the ~pplicator connected thereto w~thin pipe 10 80 that it can be ~oved axially within the pipe.
A ~milar form of applicator to that shown in Fig.
3 c~n be u~ed to 1 ne pipe elbows, ~n the mannor shown ln Flg. 2. Thu~, the forward ~e~ber 15 of the appl~cator sbown ln Fig. 2 can be roplacoa by one of orm ~llu-trated at l5a ln Fig. 3. S~milarly, corr-~ponding roarward member 16a can be ~ub~tltuted, and a ~upporting structure like that shown at 48 in Fig. 3, ~ncludod ~n the Fig. 2 apparatu~.
Thi~ invention relate~ to a proce~ of and apparatus for linLng metal pipes, so a9 to provide the pipes with a protective elaetomeric lining.
The tran~mi~sion of fluids, ~uch as ore su~peneions, chemical treatment liquid~ and the like by means of pipelines is well known and well accepted. It is a relatively -~i~ple and economical means of transmis~ion of such materials con-tinuously over long distances. Howover, in cases where abrasive liquids such as mineral ore and coal ~lurries or corrosive liquid~ such as acids have to be transmitted, heavy demands are placed upon tho ~teel pipe sectio~ compri~ing the pipe-line. If the pipe ~ections are to withstand the action of ~u¢h materials for extended periods of time, to reduce co~ts of maintenance, repair and replacement of the pipe ~e¢tion~, they noed to be provided with some form of protection, particu-larly at bends and elbows in the pipeline where abra~ive wear i~ particularly ~evere. It is thus known to provide pipelines with inner 1 ning of resilient material, normally natural or synthetic rubber, as protection against internal abrasion and corrosion, to prolong the service life of the steel pipe ~ections.
The present invention provides a method and apparatu~
whereby steel pipe sections may be provided with ~nternal rub~er linings, the lining~ being of synthetic rubber of a type which can be applied to the pipe in the uncured state as a flowable liquid, but which cures to re~ilient rubber in situ after application, without application of heat or special ~- -curing conditions.
According to a fir~t agpect of the present invention, , . ~
., ~ ~ ,.
1C)~3~44 there is provided a process for providing metal pipes with elastomeric lining which comprises dispos~ng within the ~;
metal pipe an axially movable applicator, the applicator compri~ing a forward member movable rela~ve to the pi~e and disposed to maintain close co-operation with the inside surface of the pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member di6po~ed to leave a space between the forward member and the rearward momber, said rearward m~mber boing arranged to leave a peripheral gap of prodetermined size between its outer edge and the ins~de ~urace of the plpe; supplying flowable composition which is curable at room temperatures to an ela~to~er, to ~aid ~pace;
~oving the applicator forward relative to the pipe; regulating the ~upply of composition to the appl~cator ~o as to allow ~proadinq of the compo~ition onto the in~ide urfac~ o~ the pip- by tho r-arward member cont$nuou~1y a~ the applicator ~ov ~ forward r-lative to the pipe; removing the applicator fro~ within the pipo: and allow$ng the compo-ition to cure on the inside ~urface of the pipe to provide an ela~tomeric l~ning ther-on According to a 6econd aspect of the inv~ntion, there i8 provided an apparatus for providing metal pipo~ with ela~to-meric lin ng which comprises an applicator adapted to be di~-po~d with~n and axially movable relative to the metal pipe to be lined, said appl$cator comprising a forw~rd member movable relative to the pipe and disposed to maintain clo~e co-operation w$th the inside surface of the pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member aisposed to loave a ~pace between the forward member and the rearward ,;
., .
.. ..
:, , . , . , , ~ ..
q~ 4 7 member, ~aid rearward ~ember beLng adapted 80 as to leave a peripheral gap of predetermined size between its outer edge and the inside 8urface of a pipe to be lLned; means for sup-plying flowable composition to ~aid spa~e; means for ~oving ~aid applicator axially forwardly relative to the pipe to be lined whilst flowa~le composition i8 supplied to said space.
lhe applicator used ~n the pre~ent invention pre-ferably ha~ a rearward member which prosonts a frusto-conical peripheral outer surface to the inside surface of the pipe, the frusto-conical surface taper~ng in the forward diroction.
By the~e means, even, continuous, smooth spreading of the liguid composition on the pipe inner wrfacc is accomplished, ~ the appl~cator moves relative to the pipe, the lining thick-ne~ b-~ng dotermined by the gap betwoen tho edge of the p ri-ph~ral fru-to-conical ~urface and the ~n~ido ~urface of the plpe.
~ he forward membor of the applicator i8 proforably of plate-like form, and ~orves to define a ~pace to which ~ curable composition is delivered. In one preferr-d embodiment, ; 20 the forward m~mber leaves a ~m~ll peripheral gap between it~
~ -, outor periphory and the in~ide ~urface of the pipo to be lined.
~he size of the 8mall gap i8 less than the thickness of the lin~ng to be depos~ted. Thus the gap allow~ some deposition o ~terial on the inside surface of the pipe ahead of the forward member, under certain conditions. The provigion of this gap allows for changes in the flow rate of the composition to the pace of the applicator head, by preventing generation of exc-ss pres6ures in 6aid 6pace. In another prcferred embodi-ment, the forward me~ber is provided with an annular sliding ~ 3 ~
~ ,........... ,,., . - ;. ~
~.. ~ . . . ,: . , 1~3~i~4 seal of hard re~ilient materlal, e.g. hard rubbor, around it~
periphery. The seal make~ Qliding engagement with the pipe inner surfàce to be l~ned. This arrangement ensures that no fouling of other mechanical parts of the applicator with com-position occur~, and also provide~ some final cleaning of the inner ~urface of the pipe by its sliding action, immediately prior to composition application.
Suitably, the flowable composition comprise~ a ter-minally reactiv~ diolefin polymer, curable to a rubbery con-position, and a curative for the diolefin polymer, the co~-po~ition having a vi~co~ity below about 1,000,000 cps. The terminally reactive diolefin polymer is proferably a liquid polymer o~ butadiene, said polymor having terminal allylic halidQ group~, and the curativ i~ preferably a polya d ne. Such a terminally reactiv diolefin polyo~r may suitably be mlxed with a rubb ry thermop}astic polymer, a thixotropic materlal and a solv-nt for the thermopla~tic polymer, the amount of solvant being ~ufficient to mai~tain the vi~co~ity of the compo~itlon below about 1,000,000 cp~., and preferably from about 750,000 to about 500,000 cp~.
The mo~t preferred t rminally reactive diolefin poiymer i~ a liquid polymer of butad~ene having terminal allylic bromide group~, in an a~cunt of, on avorage, more than one and prefor-ably about two reactive group per molecule. Such materials are available on the market, and in conjunction with suitable curing agent~, cure to rubbery re~ilient compo~itions at room temperature. A~ alternatives to tenminally brominated butadiene polymer~, there may be mentioned liquid polymers of butadiene or isoprene having terminal reactive group~ ~uch a~ hydroxyl or -carboxyl groups The rubbery thexmoplastic polymers which can be u~ed in these compositions are polymers having satisfactory rubber-like properties at room temperature and which, at elevated -temperature, can be processed as typical thermoplastic xesins Such polymers include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl ~crylate copolymers, and block copolymers of the A(BA) type whore A is a resinous polymeric block e g poly-ethylene or polypropylone or i8 a mono-alkenyl aromatic hydro-carbon polymer, ~uch as a styrene polymer or a-methyl styrene polymer, and B iB an elastomeric block e g an ethylene-propylene copolymer or a conjugated diolefin polymer, ~uch as a butadleno polymer, or an ~opr-n polymer ~he rubbery th-rmoplastic polym-r nhances the ~tr ngth of the final cur d compositlon Pr-f-rred among tho thermoplaatic rubbery poly~ers are block co-poly~ r~ of tho typ- A(BA)n type where A i8 a monoalk nyl aro-m tlc hydrocarbon polymer block, B i8 a conjugated diolefin polymer block, and n is an int ger from 1 to 4 The proferred compositions conta~n a thixotropic ma~erisl This mat-rial s-rves to give the composit~on suf-f~ci-nt body that it will ma~ntain its position when applied -- ~t r duce- slump in the lining before the lining has cured -and y t it oxhibits a decrease in viscosîty ao applied shear ~ ncreased Suitable thixotropic material is the very fine particle size si1ica, an example of which is Cab-0-Sil (Trademark of Cabot Corporation) The particle size of ~uitable silica i~
; from about 70 to about 500 Angstroms In addition, the preferred compositions according to the invention contain an organic solvent for the block 1~3~44 copolymer, in an amount to maintain the viscosity of the composition below about 1,000,000 cps., preferably of from about 750,000 Cp8. to about 500,000 cps. Suitably, the solvent is toluene, benzene, cyclohexane or mixtures of two or more of these. In the process of the invention, the solvent largely evaporates from the composition on curing, and is collected and re-used.
The preferred compositions may contain a naphthenic oil.
Suitable naphthenic oils meet the ASTM D2226 Type 103 designa-tion and can have a range of viscosities. Aromatic orparaffinic oils are not suitable. An example of a suitable oil i8 Sunthene 422 (Trademark of Sun Oil Company).
The compositions used in the present invention may include a reinforcing filler, to enhance the tensile strength and abra~ion re~istance of the final cured rubbery composition.
8ultable fillers are the carbon black~. The composition~ may optionally also include a bituminous ~ubstance such a~ a~phalt or coal tar, which provide~ body to the compo~ition, and as~ist~
; in providin~ adhesion of the composition to the inner pipe ~urface~ to be lined.
It is necessary to include a curative for the terminally reactLve diolefin polymer in the compositions prior to their application. The type of curative used depend~ on the type of reactive group pre~ent in the polymer. It is a poly-functional curative, Quch as a polyepoxide, polyi~ocyanate or ~! polyamine which i5 capable of reacting with terminal groups in the polymer and forming a cured structure. In the case of the preferred polymer of butadiene having terminal allylic bromide group~, the curative is a polyamine, preferably a poly (alkyl-enimine) containing more than five amine nitrogen atoms per i l molecule.
i, .
~ - 6 -, The relative portions of ingredients in the flowable compositions used in the present invention can vary over fairly wide limlts. Suitably, for 100 parts by weight of terminally reactive pol~mer, there will be included from about 50 to about 300 parts by weight, preferably from about 200 to about 300 parts by weight, of the rubbery thermoplastic polymer, from about 2 to about 20 parts by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 10 parts by weight, of the curative for the terminally reactive polymer, from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of thixotropic material, preferably from 30 to 50 parts by weight, and from 0 to 100 parts by weight, preferably about 20 to about 40 parts by weight, of naphthenic oil, from 0 to about 100 parts by weight of asphalt, from 0 to about 60 parts by weight of carbon black reinforcing filler, and from about 100 to about 400 parts by weight, preferably from 150 to 300 parts by weight, of organic solvent.
The cured rubber linings obtained from these liquid compositions have the necessary resilience, tensile strength and abrasion resistance to withstand the transportation of abrasive ~lurries and corrosive materials for extended periods of time.
They are relatively simple and easy to apply by the process of the present invention, and cure in situ without special treat-ment or heating, to provide the desirable rubber linings.
A specific embodiment of an apparatus and proces~
according to the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying draw:ngs in which:
FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side view, partly in section of one form of apparatus for lining a straight pipe section;
.~', ,,~.
....... . .
- 104;~4 FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic plan view partly in section, of an apparatus for lining a curved pipe section, or "elbow", of constant curvature.
FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic side sectional view of a portion of an alternative apparatus for use in place of that shown in Fig. 1.
In the drawings, like reference numerals indicate like parts.
With reference to Fig. 1 a steel pipe section 10 of cylindrical form to be provided with an elastomeric lining is mounted securely on a work table 11 by means of clamps 12, 13.
Within the pipe 10 is located an axially movable applicator, generally designated 14. The applicator comprises a forward member 15 in the form of a plate, a frusto-conical rearward member 16 attached to the forward member 15 by means of rods 17, 18, and an elongated metal tube 19 for supplying the flowable composltion. The rearward member 16 is disposed rearwardly of the forward member 15 80 as to leave a space 20 therebetween.
The end of the tube 19 opens into the space 20, for the supplying of the compo~ition to the space 20.
Tube 19 extends beyond the forward end of the pipe section 10, and is slideably received and supported in a bearing 21 mounted on a pedestal on the table 11, beyond the forward end of the pipe section 10. The forward end of tube 19 is connected via flexible supply tubing 23 to a source of supply of flowable lining composition ~not shown).
Tube 19, which is secured to forward member 15 of applicator 14, is provided with a depending bracket 24 near the rearward end thereof. This is connected to a flexible drive cable 25 which connects via sheave 26 in the pede~tal A
, .- , .. ., ......... .,. ~ . . ..
... . . .; , . , " ~- .. , .
1043~4 and sheave 27 to motorized winch 28 mounted on a lower level o~ table 11 Winch 28 thus serves to pull applicator 14 ax~ally forwardly through pipe section 10 The forward member 15 of applicator 14 is in the form of a plate It is provlded at its periphery with an annular sliding ~eal 2g mounted in a peripheral recess in ~ember lS, and made o~ hard resilient material ~u~h as hard rubber Ihe applicator 14 i5 arr~nged 80 that seal 15 fit~
~nugly with n plpe soction 10 80 as to ~ake a smooth sl~ding ~eal ~th the ~lde plpe ~urface to be l~ned The r-arward member 16 of appllcator 14 presents a frusto-conlcal urface 30, converging in the forward direct~on, to the ~slde plpe ~urface m e tra~ g dge 31 define~ a p rlph~ral gap 32 of pr-determined size b tw n ~t and the ~nslde pipè ~urface, and acts as a ~pr--a~ng ~dge for appll- !
cation o th co~pos~t~on ~n operatlon, floxlble tube 23 ~8 connected to a ~ource of ~upply of c~rable flowable co~po itlon, plpe sectlon 10 i8 cl-~ped to work table 11, applicator 14 ~8 placed inside th pipe ~-ctlon 10 at the extrome left-hand nd, tube 19 1~
~ount~d in b~ar~ng 21, and flexible drive cable 25 i8 connccted to w~ch 28 Supply of flowable co~po~ition i8 commenced, und allowod to co~tinue until 8paCe 20 i8 ub~tantially filled . , .
with compo~ition, whereupon winch 28 i~ 6tarted up 80 that applicator 1~ i8 drawn forwardly through the pipe ~ection 10 .
The ~upply of materlal to ~pace 20 is regulated in conjunction ;~ with the speed of travel 80 as to ~aintain space 20 sub~taA-tially full of composition to be applied As appllcator 14 moves axially with~n the pipe ~ection 10, compo6ition is~ue6 ' 1(~43~-~44 through gap 32, and i8 effectively ~pread by trailing edge 31 of rearward member 16 on the inner ~urface of the pipe section 10, to a thickne~s corresponding to the predetermined width of the gap 32. Forward member 15, which precedes rearward member 16 in this travel provides a degree of cleaning of the inside ~urface of the pipe section immediately prior to applicat~on of lining composition, as well as providang a seal to prevent i~sue of ~aterial forwardly of plate 15. When the applicator 14 reaches the forward end of pipe section 10, 80 that sub-~tantially the entire inside pipe surface i8 lined with com-po~ition, the ~upply of composition to tube 23 is ~hut off, winch 28 is stopped and the applicator 14 is removed from the pipe ~ection 10. Then the pipe section 10 is left 80 that the ¢oqpo~ition can cure, to form an elastomeric lin~ng on the insido ~urace thereof.
With roforence to Fig. 2, there is provided a work Wbl~ 33, on tho top surface of which is pivotally mounted at 34 a ~ector plate 35. The sector plate 35 is ~Npported on ball rollers 36, 37, 38 for pivotal movement relative to the table 33 about p~vot 34. A pipe elbow 39 of con~tant curvature, to be lined, i~ clamped to the sector plate 35 by means of relea-able clamps 40, 41. The elbow 39 is 6upported 80 that it~
centxe of curvature coincides with that of the sector plate 35.
The sector plate 35 carrying the elbow 39 is adapted to be ; rotated about pivot 34 by,means of motorized winch generally de~ignated 42 and cable 43 attached to point "Xn, 80 that sector plate 35 travels from the position shown in f~ll line~ in Fig. 2 to the position 8hOWn in broken lines in Fig. 2.
Di~po~ed witbin pipe elbow 39 is an applicator . . . . - . . . , . . . -;~ , - - .. - - - .. .. ~ .
gener~lly designated 14, and ~imilar in mo~t respect to the applicator described with respect to Fig. 1. ThUS it comprises forward member 15 in the form of a plate, a rearward member 16 of generally ~rusto-conical form, rods 17, 18 connecting forward member 15 to rearward member 16, and an elongated rigid metal tube 19 for ~upplying liquid material to space 20 between the forward and rearward members. The forward member 15 and rear-ward member 16 are angularly displaced relative to one another, rods 17 and 18 being of different length~, and tube 19 i8 curved, ~o that the applicator 14 as a whole has a radiu~ of curvature ~ub~tantially coinciding with that of pipe elbow 39, and a centre of curvature located at pivot 34.
At its forward end, beyond the end of pipe elbow 39 Jnd ~ector plate 35, tube 19 is mounted on a pede~tal 22 on the worX table 33. It is connected to a source of ~upply of flow-able co~po~ition.
The operation of the apparatus of Fig. 2 in conduct~ng the proco~ of the invention i~ similar to that of Fig. 1, xcopt that in this ca~e the applicator 14 i8 kept stationary while ~ector plate 35 and pipe elbow 39 move, about pivot 34.
Flowable composition is ~upplied to space 20 and ~pread on the inner pipe elbow ~urface by frusto-conical rearward member 16, in the manner previously described. The rate of ~upply of flowable composition to space 20 i~ regulated in accordance with the speed of angular movement of pipe elbow 39, so as to keep space 20 substantially full of lining material. When sector plate 35 and pipe elbow 39 reach the limit of their angular travel, indicated by broken lines in Fig. 2, applicator 14 has moved ~ubstantially completely through pipe elbow 39 ~o - ` ~.o~a3~4 as to complete the lining thereof. Supply of flowable com-position is shut off, and the lining is allowed to cure ir.
situ on the pipe.
It will be appreciated that the thickness of lining applied is determined by the size of the gap 32 between the e~ge of rearward member 16 and the inner pipe surface. The gap ~ize can thus be changed by replacing rearward plate member 16 by another ~uch member of different ~ize or different frusto-conical angle, or by adjusting the frusto-conical angle on a givon rearward member.
Fig. 3 shows an alternative form of applicator to that illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 3, the forward member 15a, whil~t ~till of plate-like form, leaves a ~mall peripheral gap 44 between it~elf and the innor ~urface of the pipe 10 to be coat-d. Flowable composition 45 is delivered by tube l9a to ~pac- 20a between forward member 15a and rearward member 16a, ~nd can flow forwardly of forward member 15a through gap 44, - as ~hown at 46, if sufficient pressure exists in ~pace 20a.
Gap 44 iB ~maller than peripheral gap 32 between rearward m-~ber 16a and the inner ~urface of pipe 10 to be coated. As noted, this arrangement allows fluctuations in the flow rate of comp~sition to 6pace 20a, with consequent variations in pres~ure in space 20a, to be tolerated without adversely affec-ting the evenness of the coating applied.
The form of rearward member 16a i8 also changed slightly from that shown in Fig. 1. The frusto-conical surface 30a is reduced in size, and an extended cylindrical outer surface 47 i8 provided, defining the peripheral gap 32 which control6 the coating thickness.
.,, ., - , .,:
10~ 44 Location and support of the applicator in Fig. 3 within the pipe 10 is arranged by the provision of a sup-porting wheeled structure 48 secured to pipe tube l9a within pipe 10, and located forwardly of forward member l5a. Sup- - -portang structure 44 is provided with arms 49, 50 carrying wheel~ 51, 52, 53, 54 at each end thereof. Arm~ 49, 50 are pivotally mounted on the structure 48, and are adjustable relstive thereto 80 as to arrange for wheels 51, 52, 53, 54 to bear upon the inner pipe ~urface and support the tube l9a ~nd the ~pplicator connected thereto w~thin pipe 10 80 that it can be ~oved axially within the pipe.
A ~milar form of applicator to that shown in Fig.
3 c~n be u~ed to 1 ne pipe elbows, ~n the mannor shown ln Flg. 2. Thu~, the forward ~e~ber 15 of the appl~cator sbown ln Fig. 2 can be roplacoa by one of orm ~llu-trated at l5a ln Fig. 3. S~milarly, corr-~ponding roarward member 16a can be ~ub~tltuted, and a ~upporting structure like that shown at 48 in Fig. 3, ~ncludod ~n the Fig. 2 apparatu~.
Claims (13)
1. A process for providing steel pipes with an elastomeric lining which comprises disposing with the steel pipe an axially movable applicator, the applicator comprising a forward member, in the form of a plate, movable relative to the pipe and disposed to maintain close cooperation with the inside surface of said pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member attached to said forward member by rods and disposed to leave a space between the forward member and the rearward member, said rearward member having a frusto-conical peripheral outer surface presented to the inside surface of the pipe, the frusto-conical surface converging in the forward direction, ant being arranged to leave a peripheral gap of pre-determined size between its outer edge and the inside surface of the pipe; supplying to said space from an elongated metal tube a flowable composition which is curable at room temperature to an elastomer; moving the applicator forward relative to the pipe; regulating the supply of composition to the applicator so as to allow spreading of the composition onto the inside surface of the pipe by the rearward member continuously as the applicator moves forward relative to the pipe; removing the applicator from within the pipe and allowing the composition to cure on the inside surface of the pipe to provide an elastomeric lining thereon.
2. The process of Claim 1 wherein the angle of the frusto-conical surface is adjustable.
3. The process of Claim 1 wherein the flowable composition comprises a terminally reactive diolefin polymer curable to a rubbery composition and from about 2 to about 20 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of said diolefin polymer, of a curative for said diolefin polymer, the composition having a viscosity below about 1,000,000 cps.
4. The process of Claim 3 wherein the composition also includes, per 100 parts by weight of said diolefin polymer, from about 50 to about 300 parts by weight of a rubbery thermoplastic polymer and from about 100 to about 400 parts by weight of an organic solvent for said rubbery thermoplastic polymer.
5. The process of Claim 4 wherein the diolefin polymer is a liquid polymer of butadiene having terminal allylic halide groups and the curative is a polyamine.
6. The process of Claim 5 wherein the composition also includes from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of diolefin polymer, of very fine particle size silica.
7. The process of Claim 6 wherein the composition also includes from 0 to about 100 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of diolefin polymer, of naphthenic oil.
8. The process of Claim 7 wherein the composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a liquid polymer of buta-diene having terminal allylic halide groups; from about 50 to about 300 parts by weight of a rubbery thermoplastic polymer which is a block copolymer of the A(BA)n type where A is a monalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon polymer block, B is a conjugated diolefin polymer block and n is an integer from 1 to 4; from about 2 to about 20 parts by weight of a poly(alkylenimine) curative for the liquid polymer of butadiene; from about 30 to about 50 parts by weight of silica having a particle size from about 70 to about 500 Angstroms; from about 20 to about 40 parts by weight of naphthenic oil; from 0 to about 100 parts by weight of asphalt; from 0 to about 60 parts by weight of carbon black filler; and from about 100 to about 400 parts by weight of an organic solvent for said rubbery thermoplastic polymer.
9. The process of Claim 1, Claim 2 or Claim 7 wherein the forward member is provided with an annular sliding seal of hard resilient material around its periphery for sliding engagement with the inside surface of the pipe.
10. The process of Claim 1, Claim 2 or Claim 7 wherein the forward member leaves a small peripheral gap between its outer periphery and the inside surface of the pipe to be lined, the size of the gap being less than the thickness of the lining to be provided.
11. Apparatus for providing steel pipes with an elastomeric lining which comprises an applicator adapted to be disposed within and axially movable relative to the steel pipe to be lined, said applicator comprising a forward member, in the form of a plate, movable relative to the pipe and disposed to maintain close cooperation with the inside surface of said pipe around substantially the entire inner periphery thereof, and a rearward member attached to said forward member by rods and disposed to leave a space between the forward member and the rearward member, said rearward member having a frusto-conical peripheral outer surface presented to the inside surface of the pipe, the frusto-conical surface converging in the forward direction, and being adapted so as to leave a peripheral gap of pre-determined size between its outer edge and the inside surface of the pipe; means for supplying from an elongated metal tube flowable composition to said space, said flowable composition being curable to an elastomer at room temperature;
means for moving said applicator axially forwardly relative to the pipe to be lined whilst the flowable composition is supplied to said space.
means for moving said applicator axially forwardly relative to the pipe to be lined whilst the flowable composition is supplied to said space.
12. The apparatus of Claim 11 wherein the forward member is provided with an annular sliding seal of hard resilient material around its periphery for sliding engagement with the inside surface of the pipe.
13. The apparatus of Claim 11 wherein the forward member leaves a small peripheral gap between its outer periphery and the inside surface of the pipe to be lined, the size of the gap being less than the thickness of the lining to be provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA209,025A CA1043644A (en) | 1974-09-10 | 1974-09-10 | Coating interior of pipe with flowable rubber composition by means of movable applicator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA209,025A CA1043644A (en) | 1974-09-10 | 1974-09-10 | Coating interior of pipe with flowable rubber composition by means of movable applicator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1043644A true CA1043644A (en) | 1978-12-05 |
Family
ID=4101104
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA209,025A Expired CA1043644A (en) | 1974-09-10 | 1974-09-10 | Coating interior of pipe with flowable rubber composition by means of movable applicator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1043644A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0018612A1 (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1980-11-12 | Manfred Mühle | Method for making thermally insulating composite structural elements |
| WO2011038494A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | Novelis Inc. | Pipe lining method and apparatus |
| WO2012119234A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Processes and devices for applying coatings to the interior of tubes |
-
1974
- 1974-09-10 CA CA209,025A patent/CA1043644A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0018612A1 (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1980-11-12 | Manfred Mühle | Method for making thermally insulating composite structural elements |
| WO2011038494A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | Novelis Inc. | Pipe lining method and apparatus |
| WO2012119234A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Processes and devices for applying coatings to the interior of tubes |
| CN103619491A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2014-03-05 | 加拿大原子能有限公司 | Processes and devices for applying coatings to the interior of tubes |
| US20140099440A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2014-04-10 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Processes and Devices for Applying Coatings to the Interior of Tubes |
| US9757758B2 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2017-09-12 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Processes and devices for applying coatings to the interior of tubes |
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