CA1042759A - Wicket gate operating mechanism for hydraulic machines - Google Patents
Wicket gate operating mechanism for hydraulic machinesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1042759A CA1042759A CA265,704A CA265704A CA1042759A CA 1042759 A CA1042759 A CA 1042759A CA 265704 A CA265704 A CA 265704A CA 1042759 A CA1042759 A CA 1042759A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- guide
- hub
- lever
- rollers
- track
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Wicket gate operating mechanism for hydraulic machines with a releasable operative connection between the hub of each guide blade and its associated guide lever. Each guide lever has an annular portion being mounted at the hub rotatably and axially non-displaceably.
One of the two associated machine parts has an annular rolling track facing towards the other machine part. The rolling track has a detaining station for a roller which is connected with the other machine part and pressed by means of an elastic force against the rolling track comprising the detaining station. For the operative connection between the hub of the guide blade and the guide lever, the roller is held in the detaining station.
It disengages when a moment is exceeded which is to be transmitted when closing the wicket gate, whereby the operative connection is released. An automatic re-establishing of the operative connection is provided.
Wicket gate operating mechanism for hydraulic machines with a releasable operative connection between the hub of each guide blade and its associated guide lever. Each guide lever has an annular portion being mounted at the hub rotatably and axially non-displaceably.
One of the two associated machine parts has an annular rolling track facing towards the other machine part. The rolling track has a detaining station for a roller which is connected with the other machine part and pressed by means of an elastic force against the rolling track comprising the detaining station. For the operative connection between the hub of the guide blade and the guide lever, the roller is held in the detaining station.
It disengages when a moment is exceeded which is to be transmitted when closing the wicket gate, whereby the operative connection is released. An automatic re-establishing of the operative connection is provided.
Description
~.o4'~759 S p e c i f i c a t i o n:
~ The invention relates to a wicket gate operating .- mechanism for hydraulic machines, having a releasable operative or force-locking connection between each guide : blade and a guide lever arranged at its blade hub in each case, there being provided between the blade hub and the : guide lever at least one roller which is held by an . elastic force in a detaining station in such a ~anner that it disengages when the moment to be transmitted when closing the wicket gate mechanism is exceeded, whereby the operative connection is released.
A releasable operative connection of this kind is intended to prevent damage to the wicket gate operating mechanism of a hydraulic machine, for example
~ The invention relates to a wicket gate operating .- mechanism for hydraulic machines, having a releasable operative or force-locking connection between each guide : blade and a guide lever arranged at its blade hub in each case, there being provided between the blade hub and the : guide lever at least one roller which is held by an . elastic force in a detaining station in such a ~anner that it disengages when the moment to be transmitted when closing the wicket gate mechanism is exceeded, whereby the operative connection is released.
A releasable operative connection of this kind is intended to prevent damage to the wicket gate operating mechanism of a hydraulic machine, for example
-2-~04~9~
a water turbirle or a purrlp. 'i'he gllide blades of the rnechanism are adjusted l~y tllrrlirlg a guide ring the move-ment of which is transmitted to the axes of the guide blades by means of guide levers which are operatively connected on the one hand with a hub of the guide blade and on the other hand by links to the guide ring. When closing the wicket gate mechanism, foreign substances may become wedged between the guide blades. In this case the blocked guide blade is subjected to the action of the entire surplus force of the servomechanism driving the guide ring, which would result in damaging the guide blade or the wicket gate operating mechanism.
A wicket gate operating mechanism is known (U~-Patent 3,455,331)) which includes a releasable operative connection between the blade hub and the guide lever, the guide lever being mounted on the blade hub so as to be rotatable and axially displaceable, and ` said lever supports three rollers and is pressed with the rollers in the axial direction by a spring force against a cam disc connected securely to the blade ' shaft in such a manner that the rollers are engaged or ; locked in the disc. When the adjusting moment which is to be transmitted on closing is exceeded) for example ~:~ if a guide blade is blocked, the rollers disengage in opposition to the spring force and thus the closed system ~-of forces between the guide blade and the guide leverJ
or guide ring~ is thus interrupted. The guide blade concerned remains stationary without being damaged where-as the other guide blades can be further adjusted. When
a water turbirle or a purrlp. 'i'he gllide blades of the rnechanism are adjusted l~y tllrrlirlg a guide ring the move-ment of which is transmitted to the axes of the guide blades by means of guide levers which are operatively connected on the one hand with a hub of the guide blade and on the other hand by links to the guide ring. When closing the wicket gate mechanism, foreign substances may become wedged between the guide blades. In this case the blocked guide blade is subjected to the action of the entire surplus force of the servomechanism driving the guide ring, which would result in damaging the guide blade or the wicket gate operating mechanism.
A wicket gate operating mechanism is known (U~-Patent 3,455,331)) which includes a releasable operative connection between the blade hub and the guide lever, the guide lever being mounted on the blade hub so as to be rotatable and axially displaceable, and ` said lever supports three rollers and is pressed with the rollers in the axial direction by a spring force against a cam disc connected securely to the blade ' shaft in such a manner that the rollers are engaged or ; locked in the disc. When the adjusting moment which is to be transmitted on closing is exceeded) for example ~:~ if a guide blade is blocked, the rollers disengage in opposition to the spring force and thus the closed system ~-of forces between the guide blade and the guide leverJ
or guide ring~ is thus interrupted. The guide blade concerned remains stationary without being damaged where-as the other guide blades can be further adjusted. When
3 re-adjusting the wicket gate mechanism into the opening :. ,.
; -3-. ' ~::
-.~ ' position the relevant guide blade is again automatically taken into the operative connection system.
This known wicket gate operating mechanism has been con-structed hitherto only in vertical hyclraulic machines. ~lere, the adjustment of the guide blade apparatus takes place in a single plane and substantially it does not matter that the guide lever also moves axially when the rollers disengage. But in the case of tube turbines where the axes of the guide blades are arranged radially relatively to the machine axis, the link between the guide lever and the guide ring moves over a spherical path of travel during adjustment of the wicket gate mechanism. This results in angular variation of the bearing arrangement. In the known guide blade apparatus the additional axial movement of the guide lever means a still greater angle modification. The range of possible ; relative rotational movement between the blade hub and the guide lever is also limited, and does not extend over the entire range of guide blade adjustment, which amounts to up to 90.
The present invention has as its object to develop a wicket gate operating mechanism wherein the guide lever remains in the same plane when the operative connection is discontinued, and wherein relative rotational movement between the blade hub and the guide lever is possible after the interruption of the operative connection over the entire range of guide blade adjust-ment.
The present invention accordingly comprises, in a hydraulic machine having a series of wicket gates, each of which has a hub and pivots about an axis in opening and closing direc-tions, and a common guide ring for moving the gates about their axes, a releasable connection between each gate and the guide ring comprising a guide lever connected at one end with the guide ring . .
,.
5~
and having an annular portion at its opposite end which is mounted for rotation on the gate hub but is constrained against movement in the direction of said axis; an anmllar track carried by the annular portion of the guide lever; a pair of rollers mounted on the hub for radial movement with respect to the track and spaced circumferentially from each other by 180; and a single spring assembly reacting between the rollers and urging them against the track, the track having a detaining station for each roller which is adjoined circumferentially at one side by a track section of progressively decreasing radius which has an angular extent corresponding to the range of pivotal motion of the gate, whereby, when the closing torque applied to the gate by the lever is below a predetermined limit determined by the loading of the spring assembly the rollers stay in the detaining stations and the gate moves with the guide lever, and when said torque limit is exceeded the rollers move out of said stations and onto said track sections and the spring assembly becomes effective to develop a restoring torque which urges the gate in that direction relative to the lever which will return the rollers to the detaining stations.
Each roller may be rotatably mounted on a lever arm which in turn, may be pivotably mounted on the gate hub; and the spring assembly may act on the rollers through the lever arms.
Each detaining station may be adjoined circumferentially at the side opposite said track section by a second track section which has a progressively increasing radius.
The construction may include adjustable stop means having portions carried by the hub and the guide lever and which selectively permit and prevent relative rotation between the hub and the guide lever in the direction to bring the rollers onto the second track sections.
.
~ - 5 -B
7S~
Finally, each of said track sectionsmay be constructed as a replaceable component of the track.
An embodiment of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter and explained with reference to the drawings.
In the drawin~s:
Figure 1 shows in a diagrammatic manner a constructional example wherein a guide lever is shown in a partial section on a plane at right angles to the guide blade hub axis, Figure 2 shows in a diagrammatic manner a portion of a wicket gate operating mechanism according to the invention, a guide blade being blocked by a foreign body.
A guide lever 2 is arranged in a wicket gate operating mechanism on a hub 1 on each guide blade 5. The guide lever 2 comprises at one end an annular portion 3.
B
104~759 An adjusting morrlent is transrnitt,ecl by a guide rinK 4 to the other end Or the guide lever 2 by means of a link 22, as in shown in Fig. 2. On aclJustment in the closing direction of the wicket gate operating mechanis~ the guide lever 2 is turned in t~le direction of the arrow designated as I in Fig. 1. On adjustment in the opening direction of the guide blade apparatus the guide lever 2 is turned in the direction of the arrow designated as II
in Fig. 1.
The guide lever 2 is arranged to be rotatable and axial]y non-displaceable on the blade hub 1. In one axial direction it is supported on the blade hub 1 and in the other axial direction it is held by means of a cover which is not shown here and which is secured on the blade hub 1 by screws secured in screw holes 21.
The operative or force-locking connection necessary for transmitting the adjusting moment between the guide lever 2 and the blade hub 1 is established by means of rollers 6 which are mounted on one of the two machine parts which are to be locked with one another, in this case the blade hub 1, and are pressed against detaining stations 7 which are provided for the rollers 6 --~ in an annular rolling track 8 which is constructed on ~ the other of the two machine parts, namely in the annular :~ 25 portion 3 of the guide lever 2 of the blade hub 1. The rollers 2 are pressed against the detaining stations 7 in the rolling track 8 by means of a preloadedelasticforce, :
:. in this case by means of a preloaded spring assembly 9 which is radially preloaded between the rollers 6. Thus ~ 30 the rollers 6 are engaged in the detaining stations 7 .. --7--:
:::
.;: . .
~"~' , :' '' ' ' .
104'~'7S9 and there is ~ ose(l sy;terrl of rorces between the blade }lUb 1 and ttle ,ruide Lever 2.
The roLlers 6 are each rnounted by means of a lever arm 10 on the blade hub 1. The roller is arranged to be rotatable at one end of the lever arm 10 by means of a pin 11, the ot~ler end of the lever arm 10 being pivotably supported by means of a pin 12 or 12 on the blade hub 1. The lever arms 10 are arranged offset relatively to one another by 180 on the blade hub 1 and tangentially with respect to the blade hub, so that when the lever arm 10 is moved pivotably the roller 6 pivots in a plane which is at right angles to the blade hub axis, substantially radially relatively to the blade hub axis and the rolling track 8. The preloaded spring assembly 9 which comprises cup springs 13 arranged on a telescopic guide element 14, acts on the lever arms 10, between which it is radially preloaded. As a result the rollers 6 are pressed against the rolling track 8 which comprises the detaining stations 7 provided for the said rollers.
This operative connection which has been described between the blade hub 1 and the guidelever 2 is dimensioned in such a manner that it withstands the hydraulic forces acting against the guide blades, that is to say the rollers 6 remain engaged in the detaining stations 7 during the adjustment of the blades and in every angular position of the blades. But if a guide blade is loaded beyond this value when turning in the closing direction, for example if its path of travel is blocked by a foreign 3 body which has become wedged in it, and the blade stops, .. ' '~' 7S~
t,'r~e rollers o are ~lisengage~d ~rorn the detalning stations 7 by ~urtrler turn:inp; oL the guide lever 2 in the closing clirectionJ that is to say tiley are pressed away radially inwarclly from the detainirl~ stations 7 in opposition to the elastic force acting on l;hem and then roll along a segment 15 of the rolling track 8 on further rotation of the guide lever 2. This segment 15 extends in each case in the appropriate direction over the entire angu]ar range of guide blade adjustments, that is to say up to 90 from the detaining stations 7.
Beginning in each case at the detaining station 7 and over the segment 15 along which the roller 6 has to run after its disengagement, in other words in a counter--clockwise direction in Fig. 1, the rolling track 8 deviates from a circular line in such a manner that the radius of the rolling track 8 decreases with increasing -angular spacing from the detaining station 7. As a result, with the guide blades stationary or the blade hub 1 stationary and at the same time the guide lever 2 turned . 20 in the closing direction I, each roller 6 on rolling ` along the segment 15 is pressed more and more radially against the spring assembly 9 which is preloaded between the lever arms 10~ additionally preloading the spring assembly 9. This represents an additional torque which ; 25 reacts back in the direction towards the detaining r station 7 along the segment 15, and brings about an automatic re-engagement of the rollers 6 in the detaining stations 7.
The segment 15 of the rolling track 8 which has the 3 descreasing radius is construced as- a replaceable component 16 _9_ - of the annular portion ~ of the guide lever which can easily be replaced for example in the event of any damage or wear. If appropriate, it is also possible in a simple manner to insert a component of this kind which . 5 has a different curvature, so that the wicket gate ;
operating mechanism can be adapted in a simple mar,ner to other force conditions.
In the rolling track 8 there is also provided for the roller 6 in each case a second segment which is designated in the drawings as 17. This begins at the detaining station 7 also, but extends in the opposite direction to the segment 15, that is to say in the clockwise direction in Fig. 1. Over this segment 17 ~-, ~. .
- the rolling track 8 deviates from a circular line but .; .
- 15 in such a manner that the radius of the rolling track increases with increasing angular spacing from the detaining station 7. Thus with the guide blade stopped, that is to say with the blade hub 1 stationary, if the , ~., guide lever 2 is turned in the opening direction II in . ~
Fig. 1 in the counter-clockwise direction and the rollers 6 roll along these segments 17, the radial spacing thereof from the blade hub centre increases and the preload of the spring assembly 9 decreases. The segment 17 is so dimensioned that the spring assembly 9 is relaxed , 25 when the rollers 6 have reached the regions of the . ,~', .
segments 17 which have the largest radius. This arrangement ~!
~- facilitates the fitting and dismounting of the guide lever 2 relatively to the hub 1, since as a result the preloading and relaxing of the spring 9 can be effected -~
~l ~ easily by means of turning the guide lever 2, when the '''` 10 ~, :, . .. ~- . : . ' : . - ' : .::
guide blade or blacle hub 1 is st,opped.
The preloading of the spring assembly 9 using the segment 17 described hereirlbe~`ore, however, results in a tendency of the guide lever 2 because of rGtational movement relatively to the hub 1, and with relaxing of ;; the spring assembly 9, to take up a position which corresponds to the position of the rollers in each case in the region of the segment 17 of the rolling track 8 which has the largest radius. In order to oppose this tendency and to prevent undesirable turning of the guide lever 2 relatively to the blade hub 1, there is provided between the hub 1 and the guide lever 2 an abutment which blocks the path of travel of the roller 6 in the direction ,~ from the detaining station along the segment 17. As . 15 constructed, the abutment comprises an adjusting screw 18 which is guided in a support secured on the annular portion ... .
of the guide lever 2. The adjusting screw 18 acts tangentially to the rolling track 8 towards the pin which is designated as 12 and is secured in the blade hub 1. As a result, turning movement between the blade hub 1 and the guide .:
; lever 2 in the direction which corresponds to the travel of the roller 6 away from the detaining station 7 ,.................................................... .
along the segment 17, is limited or blocked so that by adjusting the screw 18 the position of the rollers 6 in the detaining stations 7 of the rolling track 8 is fixed.
As constructed, the adjusting region of the abutment or the~adjusting screw 18 extends over-the entire ~` angular range of the segment 17.
3 The operation of the guide blade apparatus _11--,:
, ~ , .` . ' . . : ~ : - :
. .
7 ~9 accordill~; to t~le l~re;er~ vel~tion is shown par~icularl~
clear:L~ in ~
The guide blades ~ are adjllsted in the closing direction, a guide rlng 4- of the guide blade apparatus being turned in the direction indicated by means of` an arrow in Fig. 2. The movernent of the guicle ring 4 is transmitted to the hub 1 of the guide hlade 5 by means of link 22 and guide lever 2. The travel of a guide blade designated as 5 is blocked by a wedged-in foreign body 23 and the guide blade 5 has stopped together with the lever arms 10 which are arranged onits hub and which comprise rollers 6. By further turning of the guide ring 4 towards the closing direction the blocked guide blade 5 is subjected to the entire surplus force of the servomechanism driving the guide ring ~. If the operative connection between the blade hub and the guide lever 2 at the blade 5 exceeds a critical moment, the rollers 6 are disengaged from the detaining stations 7 and roll along a segment 15 on relative rotational movement of the guide lever 2 towards the closing direction relatively to the hub of the guide blade, whereby a spring assembly 9 preloaded radially between the lever arms 10 is additionally pre-loaded. The other guide blades 5 meanwhile reach their closing position, and the rollers arranged at their blade hubs remain engaged in detaining stations at the associated guide levers.
If the guide ring 4 is then turned back in the opening direction, i.e. oppositely to the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2, the blocked guide blade 5 3 remains stationary until the other guide blades which 1~)4'~7S~
are being turne(l iil the reverse ~irection have reached the sarne anglllar pociition as the gllide blade 5 . Meanwhile the guide lever ~,' of the guide blade 5 turns relatively to the blade hub, the rollers 6 rolling along the segment 15 because of the action of the previously additionally pre-loaded spring assembly 'j, back to the detaining stations 7 where they are finally engaged, and the operative connection between the hub of the guide blade 51 and the guide lever 2 is re-established. Then all the guide blades of the wicket gate mechanism turn together towards the opening position ~` of the wicket gate mechanism and the foreign body 23 is released.
, :, The subject of the present invention is not ~; limited to the constructional example which has just been described.
:
For example it would be possible instead of the spring assembly 9 to provide a hydropneumatic arrangement as an elastic force acting radially between the lever arms. In this case the segment 17 which is used for simplifying the fitting and dismounting of the spring assembly would be omitted.
:-~
It would also be possible for example to provide a rolling track with detaining stations at the guide :. :
blade hubJ facing towards the annular portion of the guide lever. In this case the rollers would be arranged on the annular portion and would be pressed radially inwards by an elastic force towards the rolling track-.', ..
; -3-. ' ~::
-.~ ' position the relevant guide blade is again automatically taken into the operative connection system.
This known wicket gate operating mechanism has been con-structed hitherto only in vertical hyclraulic machines. ~lere, the adjustment of the guide blade apparatus takes place in a single plane and substantially it does not matter that the guide lever also moves axially when the rollers disengage. But in the case of tube turbines where the axes of the guide blades are arranged radially relatively to the machine axis, the link between the guide lever and the guide ring moves over a spherical path of travel during adjustment of the wicket gate mechanism. This results in angular variation of the bearing arrangement. In the known guide blade apparatus the additional axial movement of the guide lever means a still greater angle modification. The range of possible ; relative rotational movement between the blade hub and the guide lever is also limited, and does not extend over the entire range of guide blade adjustment, which amounts to up to 90.
The present invention has as its object to develop a wicket gate operating mechanism wherein the guide lever remains in the same plane when the operative connection is discontinued, and wherein relative rotational movement between the blade hub and the guide lever is possible after the interruption of the operative connection over the entire range of guide blade adjust-ment.
The present invention accordingly comprises, in a hydraulic machine having a series of wicket gates, each of which has a hub and pivots about an axis in opening and closing direc-tions, and a common guide ring for moving the gates about their axes, a releasable connection between each gate and the guide ring comprising a guide lever connected at one end with the guide ring . .
,.
5~
and having an annular portion at its opposite end which is mounted for rotation on the gate hub but is constrained against movement in the direction of said axis; an anmllar track carried by the annular portion of the guide lever; a pair of rollers mounted on the hub for radial movement with respect to the track and spaced circumferentially from each other by 180; and a single spring assembly reacting between the rollers and urging them against the track, the track having a detaining station for each roller which is adjoined circumferentially at one side by a track section of progressively decreasing radius which has an angular extent corresponding to the range of pivotal motion of the gate, whereby, when the closing torque applied to the gate by the lever is below a predetermined limit determined by the loading of the spring assembly the rollers stay in the detaining stations and the gate moves with the guide lever, and when said torque limit is exceeded the rollers move out of said stations and onto said track sections and the spring assembly becomes effective to develop a restoring torque which urges the gate in that direction relative to the lever which will return the rollers to the detaining stations.
Each roller may be rotatably mounted on a lever arm which in turn, may be pivotably mounted on the gate hub; and the spring assembly may act on the rollers through the lever arms.
Each detaining station may be adjoined circumferentially at the side opposite said track section by a second track section which has a progressively increasing radius.
The construction may include adjustable stop means having portions carried by the hub and the guide lever and which selectively permit and prevent relative rotation between the hub and the guide lever in the direction to bring the rollers onto the second track sections.
.
~ - 5 -B
7S~
Finally, each of said track sectionsmay be constructed as a replaceable component of the track.
An embodiment of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter and explained with reference to the drawings.
In the drawin~s:
Figure 1 shows in a diagrammatic manner a constructional example wherein a guide lever is shown in a partial section on a plane at right angles to the guide blade hub axis, Figure 2 shows in a diagrammatic manner a portion of a wicket gate operating mechanism according to the invention, a guide blade being blocked by a foreign body.
A guide lever 2 is arranged in a wicket gate operating mechanism on a hub 1 on each guide blade 5. The guide lever 2 comprises at one end an annular portion 3.
B
104~759 An adjusting morrlent is transrnitt,ecl by a guide rinK 4 to the other end Or the guide lever 2 by means of a link 22, as in shown in Fig. 2. On aclJustment in the closing direction of the wicket gate operating mechanis~ the guide lever 2 is turned in t~le direction of the arrow designated as I in Fig. 1. On adjustment in the opening direction of the guide blade apparatus the guide lever 2 is turned in the direction of the arrow designated as II
in Fig. 1.
The guide lever 2 is arranged to be rotatable and axial]y non-displaceable on the blade hub 1. In one axial direction it is supported on the blade hub 1 and in the other axial direction it is held by means of a cover which is not shown here and which is secured on the blade hub 1 by screws secured in screw holes 21.
The operative or force-locking connection necessary for transmitting the adjusting moment between the guide lever 2 and the blade hub 1 is established by means of rollers 6 which are mounted on one of the two machine parts which are to be locked with one another, in this case the blade hub 1, and are pressed against detaining stations 7 which are provided for the rollers 6 --~ in an annular rolling track 8 which is constructed on ~ the other of the two machine parts, namely in the annular :~ 25 portion 3 of the guide lever 2 of the blade hub 1. The rollers 2 are pressed against the detaining stations 7 in the rolling track 8 by means of a preloadedelasticforce, :
:. in this case by means of a preloaded spring assembly 9 which is radially preloaded between the rollers 6. Thus ~ 30 the rollers 6 are engaged in the detaining stations 7 .. --7--:
:::
.;: . .
~"~' , :' '' ' ' .
104'~'7S9 and there is ~ ose(l sy;terrl of rorces between the blade }lUb 1 and ttle ,ruide Lever 2.
The roLlers 6 are each rnounted by means of a lever arm 10 on the blade hub 1. The roller is arranged to be rotatable at one end of the lever arm 10 by means of a pin 11, the ot~ler end of the lever arm 10 being pivotably supported by means of a pin 12 or 12 on the blade hub 1. The lever arms 10 are arranged offset relatively to one another by 180 on the blade hub 1 and tangentially with respect to the blade hub, so that when the lever arm 10 is moved pivotably the roller 6 pivots in a plane which is at right angles to the blade hub axis, substantially radially relatively to the blade hub axis and the rolling track 8. The preloaded spring assembly 9 which comprises cup springs 13 arranged on a telescopic guide element 14, acts on the lever arms 10, between which it is radially preloaded. As a result the rollers 6 are pressed against the rolling track 8 which comprises the detaining stations 7 provided for the said rollers.
This operative connection which has been described between the blade hub 1 and the guidelever 2 is dimensioned in such a manner that it withstands the hydraulic forces acting against the guide blades, that is to say the rollers 6 remain engaged in the detaining stations 7 during the adjustment of the blades and in every angular position of the blades. But if a guide blade is loaded beyond this value when turning in the closing direction, for example if its path of travel is blocked by a foreign 3 body which has become wedged in it, and the blade stops, .. ' '~' 7S~
t,'r~e rollers o are ~lisengage~d ~rorn the detalning stations 7 by ~urtrler turn:inp; oL the guide lever 2 in the closing clirectionJ that is to say tiley are pressed away radially inwarclly from the detainirl~ stations 7 in opposition to the elastic force acting on l;hem and then roll along a segment 15 of the rolling track 8 on further rotation of the guide lever 2. This segment 15 extends in each case in the appropriate direction over the entire angu]ar range of guide blade adjustments, that is to say up to 90 from the detaining stations 7.
Beginning in each case at the detaining station 7 and over the segment 15 along which the roller 6 has to run after its disengagement, in other words in a counter--clockwise direction in Fig. 1, the rolling track 8 deviates from a circular line in such a manner that the radius of the rolling track 8 decreases with increasing -angular spacing from the detaining station 7. As a result, with the guide blades stationary or the blade hub 1 stationary and at the same time the guide lever 2 turned . 20 in the closing direction I, each roller 6 on rolling ` along the segment 15 is pressed more and more radially against the spring assembly 9 which is preloaded between the lever arms 10~ additionally preloading the spring assembly 9. This represents an additional torque which ; 25 reacts back in the direction towards the detaining r station 7 along the segment 15, and brings about an automatic re-engagement of the rollers 6 in the detaining stations 7.
The segment 15 of the rolling track 8 which has the 3 descreasing radius is construced as- a replaceable component 16 _9_ - of the annular portion ~ of the guide lever which can easily be replaced for example in the event of any damage or wear. If appropriate, it is also possible in a simple manner to insert a component of this kind which . 5 has a different curvature, so that the wicket gate ;
operating mechanism can be adapted in a simple mar,ner to other force conditions.
In the rolling track 8 there is also provided for the roller 6 in each case a second segment which is designated in the drawings as 17. This begins at the detaining station 7 also, but extends in the opposite direction to the segment 15, that is to say in the clockwise direction in Fig. 1. Over this segment 17 ~-, ~. .
- the rolling track 8 deviates from a circular line but .; .
- 15 in such a manner that the radius of the rolling track increases with increasing angular spacing from the detaining station 7. Thus with the guide blade stopped, that is to say with the blade hub 1 stationary, if the , ~., guide lever 2 is turned in the opening direction II in . ~
Fig. 1 in the counter-clockwise direction and the rollers 6 roll along these segments 17, the radial spacing thereof from the blade hub centre increases and the preload of the spring assembly 9 decreases. The segment 17 is so dimensioned that the spring assembly 9 is relaxed , 25 when the rollers 6 have reached the regions of the . ,~', .
segments 17 which have the largest radius. This arrangement ~!
~- facilitates the fitting and dismounting of the guide lever 2 relatively to the hub 1, since as a result the preloading and relaxing of the spring 9 can be effected -~
~l ~ easily by means of turning the guide lever 2, when the '''` 10 ~, :, . .. ~- . : . ' : . - ' : .::
guide blade or blacle hub 1 is st,opped.
The preloading of the spring assembly 9 using the segment 17 described hereirlbe~`ore, however, results in a tendency of the guide lever 2 because of rGtational movement relatively to the hub 1, and with relaxing of ;; the spring assembly 9, to take up a position which corresponds to the position of the rollers in each case in the region of the segment 17 of the rolling track 8 which has the largest radius. In order to oppose this tendency and to prevent undesirable turning of the guide lever 2 relatively to the blade hub 1, there is provided between the hub 1 and the guide lever 2 an abutment which blocks the path of travel of the roller 6 in the direction ,~ from the detaining station along the segment 17. As . 15 constructed, the abutment comprises an adjusting screw 18 which is guided in a support secured on the annular portion ... .
of the guide lever 2. The adjusting screw 18 acts tangentially to the rolling track 8 towards the pin which is designated as 12 and is secured in the blade hub 1. As a result, turning movement between the blade hub 1 and the guide .:
; lever 2 in the direction which corresponds to the travel of the roller 6 away from the detaining station 7 ,.................................................... .
along the segment 17, is limited or blocked so that by adjusting the screw 18 the position of the rollers 6 in the detaining stations 7 of the rolling track 8 is fixed.
As constructed, the adjusting region of the abutment or the~adjusting screw 18 extends over-the entire ~` angular range of the segment 17.
3 The operation of the guide blade apparatus _11--,:
, ~ , .` . ' . . : ~ : - :
. .
7 ~9 accordill~; to t~le l~re;er~ vel~tion is shown par~icularl~
clear:L~ in ~
The guide blades ~ are adjllsted in the closing direction, a guide rlng 4- of the guide blade apparatus being turned in the direction indicated by means of` an arrow in Fig. 2. The movernent of the guicle ring 4 is transmitted to the hub 1 of the guide hlade 5 by means of link 22 and guide lever 2. The travel of a guide blade designated as 5 is blocked by a wedged-in foreign body 23 and the guide blade 5 has stopped together with the lever arms 10 which are arranged onits hub and which comprise rollers 6. By further turning of the guide ring 4 towards the closing direction the blocked guide blade 5 is subjected to the entire surplus force of the servomechanism driving the guide ring ~. If the operative connection between the blade hub and the guide lever 2 at the blade 5 exceeds a critical moment, the rollers 6 are disengaged from the detaining stations 7 and roll along a segment 15 on relative rotational movement of the guide lever 2 towards the closing direction relatively to the hub of the guide blade, whereby a spring assembly 9 preloaded radially between the lever arms 10 is additionally pre-loaded. The other guide blades 5 meanwhile reach their closing position, and the rollers arranged at their blade hubs remain engaged in detaining stations at the associated guide levers.
If the guide ring 4 is then turned back in the opening direction, i.e. oppositely to the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2, the blocked guide blade 5 3 remains stationary until the other guide blades which 1~)4'~7S~
are being turne(l iil the reverse ~irection have reached the sarne anglllar pociition as the gllide blade 5 . Meanwhile the guide lever ~,' of the guide blade 5 turns relatively to the blade hub, the rollers 6 rolling along the segment 15 because of the action of the previously additionally pre-loaded spring assembly 'j, back to the detaining stations 7 where they are finally engaged, and the operative connection between the hub of the guide blade 51 and the guide lever 2 is re-established. Then all the guide blades of the wicket gate mechanism turn together towards the opening position ~` of the wicket gate mechanism and the foreign body 23 is released.
, :, The subject of the present invention is not ~; limited to the constructional example which has just been described.
:
For example it would be possible instead of the spring assembly 9 to provide a hydropneumatic arrangement as an elastic force acting radially between the lever arms. In this case the segment 17 which is used for simplifying the fitting and dismounting of the spring assembly would be omitted.
:-~
It would also be possible for example to provide a rolling track with detaining stations at the guide :. :
blade hubJ facing towards the annular portion of the guide lever. In this case the rollers would be arranged on the annular portion and would be pressed radially inwards by an elastic force towards the rolling track-.', ..
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a hydraulic machine having a series of wicket gates, each of which has a hub and pivots about an axis in opening and closing directions, and a common guide ring for moving the gates about their axes, a releasable connection between each gate and the guide ring comprising a. a guide lever connected at one end with the guide ring and having an annular portion at its opposite end which is mounted for rotation on the gate hub but is constrained against movement in the direction of said axis;
b. an annular track carried by the annular portion of the guide lever;
c. a pair of rollers mounted on the hub for radial movement with respect to the track and spaced circumferentially from each other by 180°;
and d. a single spring assembly reacting between the rollers and urging them against the track, e. the track having a detaining station for each roller which is adjoined circumferentially at one side by a track section of progressively decreasing radius which has an angular extent corresponding to the range of pivotal motion of the gate, f. whereby, when the closing torque applied to the gate by the lever is below a predetermined limit determined by the loading of the spring assembly the rollers stay in the detaining stations and the gate moves with the guide lever, and when said torque limit is exceeded the rollers move out of said stations and onto said track sections and the spring assembly becomes effective to develop a restoring torque which urges the gate in that direction relative to the lever which will return the rollers to the detaining stations.
b. an annular track carried by the annular portion of the guide lever;
c. a pair of rollers mounted on the hub for radial movement with respect to the track and spaced circumferentially from each other by 180°;
and d. a single spring assembly reacting between the rollers and urging them against the track, e. the track having a detaining station for each roller which is adjoined circumferentially at one side by a track section of progressively decreasing radius which has an angular extent corresponding to the range of pivotal motion of the gate, f. whereby, when the closing torque applied to the gate by the lever is below a predetermined limit determined by the loading of the spring assembly the rollers stay in the detaining stations and the gate moves with the guide lever, and when said torque limit is exceeded the rollers move out of said stations and onto said track sections and the spring assembly becomes effective to develop a restoring torque which urges the gate in that direction relative to the lever which will return the rollers to the detaining stations.
2. A releasable connection as defined in claim 1 in which a. each roller is rotatably mounted on a lever arm which in turn, is pivotably mounted on the gate hub; and b. the spring assembly acts on the rollers through the lever arms.
3. A releasable connection as defined in claim 1 in which each detain-ing station is adjoined circumferentially at the side opposite said track section by a second track section which has a progressively increasing radius.
4. A releasable connection as defined in claim 3 which includes adjustable stop means having portions carried by the hub and the guide lever and which selectively permits and prevents relative rotation between the hub and the guide lever in the direction to bring the rollers onto the second track sections.
5. A releasable connection as defined in claim 1 in which each of said track sections is constructed as a replaceable component of the track.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1490775A CH599465A5 (en) | 1975-11-18 | 1975-11-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1042759A true CA1042759A (en) | 1978-11-21 |
Family
ID=4404741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA265,704A Expired CA1042759A (en) | 1975-11-18 | 1976-11-05 | Wicket gate operating mechanism for hydraulic machines |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT345209B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1042759A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH599465A5 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2332421A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE148611C (en) * | ||||
| US3303913A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1967-02-14 | Deere & Co | Torque-limiting clutch |
-
1975
- 1975-11-18 CH CH1490775A patent/CH599465A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-11-05 CA CA265,704A patent/CA1042759A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-11-17 AT AT853276A patent/AT345209B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-11-18 FR FR7634707A patent/FR2332421A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT345209B (en) | 1978-09-11 |
| FR2332421A1 (en) | 1977-06-17 |
| ATA853276A (en) | 1977-12-15 |
| CH599465A5 (en) | 1978-05-31 |
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