CA1042405A - Apparatus for disposing of combustible and waste material - Google Patents
Apparatus for disposing of combustible and waste materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1042405A CA1042405A CA205,146A CA205146A CA1042405A CA 1042405 A CA1042405 A CA 1042405A CA 205146 A CA205146 A CA 205146A CA 1042405 A CA1042405 A CA 1042405A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fines
- dust
- separator
- furnace
- blower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
- F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An apparatus for disposing of combustibl? material by processing the material in a first circulating system which includes a material reducing mill, a cyclone separator and a blower for circulating air as the carrier medium for the reduced material and for dust and fines that are inherently associated therewith. The apparatus also includes a second circulating system connected into the first system and including a separator for extracting dust and fines, a furnace in which the dust and fines are consumed by combustion, and means for returning the heat of the combustion to the first system for effectively drying the moisture that may be contained therein. The apparatus is provided in the second circulating system with means for dis-charging the moisture to ambient atmosphere at a temperature that is below the level that could cause noxious fumes to be released to atmosphere.
An apparatus for disposing of combustibl? material by processing the material in a first circulating system which includes a material reducing mill, a cyclone separator and a blower for circulating air as the carrier medium for the reduced material and for dust and fines that are inherently associated therewith. The apparatus also includes a second circulating system connected into the first system and including a separator for extracting dust and fines, a furnace in which the dust and fines are consumed by combustion, and means for returning the heat of the combustion to the first system for effectively drying the moisture that may be contained therein. The apparatus is provided in the second circulating system with means for dis-charging the moisture to ambient atmosphere at a temperature that is below the level that could cause noxious fumes to be released to atmosphere.
Description
104'~ S
This invention is directed to apparatus for disposing of combustible and waste material.
The disposal of hydroscopic combustible material, such as scrap wood and bark, needs to be carried on at a temperature of about 6~0F. or somewhat lower to prevent flash-ing off certain volatiles which at or above that te~perature level cause the formation of a noxious blue smoke.
The object of this invention is to provide for the efficient disposal of combustible material without generating and releasing to the atmosphere noxious fumes or polluting the atmosphere with particulate material.
The present invention provides apparatus for disposing of combustible material comprising a first circulating system having a blower to propel air as a carrier medium in said first system, a material reducing mill in said first system, means to feed material into said first system adjacent said ~ill for reduction in said mill and flow with the air in said first system, a cyclone separator in said first system having an outlet connected into the suction side of said blower and an inlet con-nected to receive reduced material from said mill along with finesand dust in said first system, and said cyclone separator having a discharge for reduced material that is substantially free of fines and dust; and a second circulating system having an inlet connection ad~acent the delivery side of said blower, separator means for fines and dust connected to said second syste~ inlet, -: . . . .
s second blower having a suction connection at said separator means and an outlet to atmosphere,a furnace connected into said second system beyond said separator means in the flow direction to receive the fines and dust drawn into said second s~stem by said second blower and dispose of them by combustion, conduit means connected to said furnace and to said first system adjac-ent said mill to deliver furnace heat into said first system ~or material drying purposes, and means connected into said furnace to admit ambient air to regulate the temperature of the heat of said furnace.
In operation a large volume of air moves through the furnaca to provide the needed heat for drying the material to a state where it can be consumed by serving as a fuelO The air vol-ume so moved is dust laden, and the apparatus concentrates -the dust and particulate material for burning, and effec~ively mixes the combustible products with cleansed air to produce a source of heat at a controlled temperature level.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of appar-a~us and system for disposing of combustible and waste material such as wood, barka coal, and the like;
Fig. 1~ is a fragmentary sectional view taken at line lP~ o:~ FigO l;
FigO 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a ro~ary valve providing means for leaking ambient air into the primary separator to increase the amount of fines passing over with air;
FigO 3 is a schematic view of only a portion of a com plete system, as depicted in Figure 1, for the purpose of dis-closing a modified arrangement of apparatusO and ;~ -2-, ., . ~ .
:, ~, ,, 10~4~5 Fig. 4 is a schema-tic view of a system of apparatus similar to Fig. 1, but differing in the character of reducing mill for the material.
Reference will now be directed to Fig. 1 o~ the ac-companying drawing where there is schematically shown apparatus for practicing the invention heretofore briefly summarized.
The primary arrangement of apparatus includes a suitable conveyor 10 for bringing the wood chips, bark, coal, and other material to be reduced to a hopper 11 which directs the material into a feed unit 12 of conventional feed screw construction having a driving motor 12A. Any feed means can be used, but it is preferred in this instance to use a screw feed mechanism and to operate the unit 12 with the hopper 11 continually filled so as to exclude as much as possible the inflow of ambient air. The screw feed until 12 delivers the material into an upwardly directed passage 13 which opens at the upper end into an expansion chamber 14. The passage 13 includes a portion having a venturi throat 15 which is both an outlet and an inlet for a suitable mill M having a rotor 17 which is operable to run in either direction.
The expansion chamber 14 above the passage 13 opens into a conduit 18 which delivers material tangentially into a conventional cyclone separator 19 where the material flowi~ in the airstxeam is separated out through a rotary valve 20 and is collected in a suitable bin B, while the air carrying dust and fines is delivered through conduit 21 to the suction side of a blower 22. The conduit 23 from the outlet of the blower 22. The conduit 23 from the outlet of the blower 22 returns the air to the mill M at passage 13 below the venturi 15.
:. - - : - ,, .
, . . .
1042~V5 The ap~ratus of Fig. 1 is designed to reduce friable material such as wood chips and bark to a uniform product which is delivered into the bin s. The wood chips and bark, delivered to the hopper 11, are conveyed by the screw feed unit 12 into the passage 13. The blower 22 is, of course, operated to create a circulation or flow of air upward through the venturi 15 and around the circuit including the expansion chamber 14, the cyclone separator 19 and the return conduit 21 to the blower 22.
A damper 24 is operably mounted in the conduit 21 near the suc-tion inlet of the blower 22 so that the velocity of the circu~
lating air through the venturi 15 can be regulated as desired.
The material delivered to the passage 13 contains a certain per- :
centage of dust and fines along with the larger chips, chunks and pieces. The flow through the venturi 15 is, therefore, regulated by the damper 24 so that the fines are caused to float upwardly into the expansion chamber 14 while gravity causes the larger and heavier particles and pieces to fall through the venturi 15 where it is ground and reduced by the hammer rotor 17 and flung backwardly t.hrough the venturi 15, and exhausted by the flow being delivered through the conduit 23 below the venturi 150 The flow through the passage 13 and expansion chamber 14 will con-tain a fluid medium composed of dust and fines suspended in air and this medium will traverse the conduit 18 to the c~clone separator 19 where a desired separation occurs and airborne dust and fines are delivered through the top outlet conduit 21 while the material separated out is collected in the bin B.
Control over the amount of dust and fines carried out of c~clone separator 19 through the air exhaust box 25 is provided by ,,:
1~42~S
means of a hinyed skimmer ~ 26 (E'ig. lA) which may be a~-justably positioned more or less into the vortex flow entering the cyclone 19 from the inl:et conduit 18. The vane 26 is po-sitionable to skim out the finer or smaller portions of the material entering the cyclone 19 for flow through the exhaust box 25 and into the exit conduit 21 and delivery to the blower 22. The delivery side of blower 22 is subject to suction at the connection of conduit 27 which is connected to a bag separator 28, and the separator 28 is under suction from blower 29 through conduit 30. The portion of the material skimmed out by the vane 26 for delivery to the separator 28 and eventual delivery through a rotary valve 31 to a screw conveyor device 32 driven by motor 33 to conduit 34 is conducted to the burner 35 of a furnac~ 36.
Thus the fines extracted by the skimming vane 26 will be consumed in the furnace 36 to act as fuel and furnish heat for drying purposes. At the same time selective portions of the material delivered to the cyclone separator 19 will be collected in the closed bin B.
Fig. 1~ illustrates one means for selective extraction of the dust and fines from the chamber of the cyclone separator 19. :~f the skimming vane 26 is not desired, the same effect can be obtained by creating the unusual leakage of ambient air into the cyclone charr~ber through the rotary valve 20. For this pur-pose, the valve 20 (Fig. 2~, driven by suitable motor means A, has its multi-bladed rotor 20A enclosed between opposed side walls 20B adjustably mounted by bolts 20C to the side plates 20D (one being seen) of the valve housing mounted at the apex of the cyclone chamber l9P.. The side walls 2013 can be adjusted toward or ~LV424~)5 away from the path of motion o~ the valve blades 20~ to vary the ambient air leakage into the cyclone chamber apex. The air leaking into the cyclone is greatest, and the result is that dust and fines reaching the apex zone are whisked upwardly to the outlet conduit 1~ while the desired larger particles are exhausted through the rotary valve to the bin B.
Returning to Fig. 1, the apparatus is arranged with a furnace 36 which is provided with a standard wood fuel burner 35 to ~hich an outside source of oil or ~as fuel is connected at pipe 37. Combustion air is supplied into conduit 34 by conduit ; 38 from the blower 39. The furnace 36 has a cyclone chamber 40 lined with a suitable refractory. The cyclone chamber has an in-let at conduit 41 to deliver the hot gases through conduit 43 into conduit 23 at a junction adjacent the mill M. me furnace inlet 41 receives a supply of combustible material from conduit 44 which is connected to conduit 27 in by-pass of the bag sepa-rator 28, and a suitable valve 45 is placed in the by-pass con-duit 44. A supply of combustion air for the furnace is obtained through conduit 46 controlled.by valve 47. The amount of air admitted at conduit 46 is regulated to replace moisture laden air exhausted from the system at the outlet conduit 48 of blower 29 under the control valve 49.
In employing the furnace 36 with a cyclone chamber 40, the non-burnables, such as sand, rock and the like, work their way along the bottom wall and can be exhausted through a dump chute 50 having a rotary valve 51. The material so dumped can be collected by a suitable belt conveyor 52 for movement to a dis-posal station.
~4~
The op~ration of the system of Fig. 1 is to produce drying heat for the incoming material, and to use portions of that material as a fuel to produce the heat for drying the pro-duct portions not used in this system as a fuel. Thus, the in-coming material at passage 13 undergoes a first sorting step where the fines capable of floating in a controlled air stream are moved along to a cyclone separator 19. The larger portions of the incoming material pass by gravity to the mill M for re-duction before being returned to passage 13. The second sorting step takes place in the cyclone separator 19 where the dust and fines are intentionally passed into the cyclone outlet conduit 21, thereby keeping this portion of the material out of the product portion that is discharged to the bin B. The second sorting step is accomplished either by using the adjustable skimmer vane 26 (Fig. lA) to direct the dust and fines into conduit 21 through the exhaust bo~ 25, or by closing the vane 26 and adjusting one or both of the rotary valve side walls 20B (Fig. 2) to allow leakage of ambient air through the product outlet to sweep the dust and fines upwardly in the cyclone 19 to the exhaust box 25.
The product collected in bin 20 may be further treated to convert it to a gaseous fuel.
The flow of dust and fines in the carrier air stream in conduit 21 and blower 22 is subjected to the suction effect at the connection of conduit 27 to the outlet conduit 23 of blow-er 22. The dust a~d fines are drawn off in conduit 27 to the bag separator 28 by reason of the operation of blower 29 connected to the bag separator. The air and moisture therein is discharged to atmosphere at conduit 48, and the fines and dust are discharged ; -7-: - . ............................ . . . .
.: .- . ~ . :~ . ;, .
~.042~VS
by the bottom rotary valve 31 into a screw conveyor 32 which delivers the material into conduit 34. The material flow in conduit 34, along with amb}ent air from blower 39 is fed to the burner 35 of the furnace 36. The burner 36 is of the type that does not allow the passage of a large quantity of air, so the fuel is, there~ore, burned in a controlled air volume, normally in the range of about fourteen (14%) percent excess oxygen.
Because of this feature of the burner 36, and the permissible reduction in size of the bag separator 28, about seventy (70%) percent of the air, fines, and dust is by-passed at conduit 44 directly to the furnace inlet 41. The entrance of air, fines, and dust is directed tangentially of the furnace wall, and re-fractory lining is used to reduce abrasion and heat effect on the furnace shell. The furnace 36 acts like a cyclone and the dust and fines are concentrated toward the flame issuing from the burner 35 where they are consumed to produce the heat that is conveyed by the air out to conduit 43. The exit heat level is maintained at about 600F. by adjusting the air admitted at con-duit 46 past valve a~7, It has been noted that the material carried into the furnace 36 contains non-combustible material. This material is moved by the cyclone action to exhaust chute 50 where it is dis-charged :lay the rotary valve 51 onto the carry-over conveyor 52.
Also, any oversize particles of material received therein remain for the time required to effect complete conibustion, as such material is effectively trapped by the cyclone action and moved into the flame area under violent mixing conditions. When the burner flame has been established in the furnace 36, the outside ~ - .
~V~
fuel source is cut off, and the dust and fines needed to con-tinue combustion can be supplied in sufficient amounts by ad-justing the skimmer vane, or by adjusting the rotary valve side walls 20B to the desired leakage condition.
A modification of the apparatus of Fig. 1 is seen in Fig. 3 where similar parts and components are similarly enumer-ated so that only the additional parts and components will be described. As shown the heat outlet from the cyclone furnace 36 is conduit 43A which is connected directly to a cyclone chamber 53 where the heat level can be more closely controlled and any particulate material carried out of the furnace 36 will have a chance to separate out and be discharged through rotary valve 54.
~he control of the temperature level is partly obtained by lead-ing a portion of the exhaust flow of blower 29 through conduit controlled by valve 56 to the cyclone 53. The hot gas ~,air) issuing from the chamber 53 is led by conduit 57 into a junction (not seen but similar to Fig. 1) with conduit 23 of blower 22 adjacent the mill M.
In the operation of the system of apparatus seen in Fig. 1, the temperature of the hot gases (air) at the furnace outlet conduit 43 is desired to be of the order of 600F. so as to be below the flash temperature of the volatiles in the wood waste. The temperature is regulated by the quantit~ of air brought in at conduit 46. In Fig. 2, the cyclone furnace 36 can operate at a higher temperature for better consumption of the burnable material. ~hile the temperature of the gases issuing from furnace 36 at conduit 43A can be considerably higher than 600F., such gases are led into the chamber 53 and mixed with clean air from conduit 55 so the final gas temperature at cc,nduit .
_9_ -~04;~4~5 57 is at the desired level. Further, the cyclone action in chamber 53 throws out of the gases substantially all of the parti~ulate material that might be carried out of the furnace.
Turning to Fig. 4, the system of apparatus is similar to that shown and described in Eig. l, except that the hammer mill M has now been replaced with a rotary mill RM. This modi-fied system is suitable for handling such material as coal.
The difference is in the way the hot gases (air) are fed to the mill RM. A rotary or roller mill RM has the grinding rolls 58 connected to a vertical shaft 59 driven through a reduction gear train 60 and a belt drive 61 from the motor 62. The motor 62 and drive is disposed in a suitable foundation 63 which supports the scroll casing 64 surrounding the grinding chamber of the mill RM. The ca~ing 64 has a plurality of inlets 65 opening to the grinding chamber, while the casing 64 is connected to the end of conduit 23. The hot gas supply conduit 43 is joined into con-duit 23 adjacent the inlet 65. The forced flow of hot gases in the scroll casing 64 flows into the grinding chamber and carries the material upwardly past the drive shaft 59 and into the venturi throat 15 of passage 13 in opposition to the fall of the heavy material through the venturi throat.
The mill RM is provided with a dump chute 66 opening from the bottom o:E the grinding chamber to the outside of the foundation 63 where the material incapable of being easily reduced is collected on a suitable conveyor 67. A valve 68 normally closes the chute outlet to avoid impairing the function of the flow of air to the venturi throat 15.
From the foregoing description it should be apparent 1C~42~(~5 that the apparatus, in any of its embodiments, is adapted for the efficient disposal of combustible material without generating and releasing to the atmosphere noxious Eumes, or polluting the atmosphere with particulate material.
This invention is directed to apparatus for disposing of combustible and waste material.
The disposal of hydroscopic combustible material, such as scrap wood and bark, needs to be carried on at a temperature of about 6~0F. or somewhat lower to prevent flash-ing off certain volatiles which at or above that te~perature level cause the formation of a noxious blue smoke.
The object of this invention is to provide for the efficient disposal of combustible material without generating and releasing to the atmosphere noxious fumes or polluting the atmosphere with particulate material.
The present invention provides apparatus for disposing of combustible material comprising a first circulating system having a blower to propel air as a carrier medium in said first system, a material reducing mill in said first system, means to feed material into said first system adjacent said ~ill for reduction in said mill and flow with the air in said first system, a cyclone separator in said first system having an outlet connected into the suction side of said blower and an inlet con-nected to receive reduced material from said mill along with finesand dust in said first system, and said cyclone separator having a discharge for reduced material that is substantially free of fines and dust; and a second circulating system having an inlet connection ad~acent the delivery side of said blower, separator means for fines and dust connected to said second syste~ inlet, -: . . . .
s second blower having a suction connection at said separator means and an outlet to atmosphere,a furnace connected into said second system beyond said separator means in the flow direction to receive the fines and dust drawn into said second s~stem by said second blower and dispose of them by combustion, conduit means connected to said furnace and to said first system adjac-ent said mill to deliver furnace heat into said first system ~or material drying purposes, and means connected into said furnace to admit ambient air to regulate the temperature of the heat of said furnace.
In operation a large volume of air moves through the furnaca to provide the needed heat for drying the material to a state where it can be consumed by serving as a fuelO The air vol-ume so moved is dust laden, and the apparatus concentrates -the dust and particulate material for burning, and effec~ively mixes the combustible products with cleansed air to produce a source of heat at a controlled temperature level.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of appar-a~us and system for disposing of combustible and waste material such as wood, barka coal, and the like;
Fig. 1~ is a fragmentary sectional view taken at line lP~ o:~ FigO l;
FigO 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a ro~ary valve providing means for leaking ambient air into the primary separator to increase the amount of fines passing over with air;
FigO 3 is a schematic view of only a portion of a com plete system, as depicted in Figure 1, for the purpose of dis-closing a modified arrangement of apparatusO and ;~ -2-, ., . ~ .
:, ~, ,, 10~4~5 Fig. 4 is a schema-tic view of a system of apparatus similar to Fig. 1, but differing in the character of reducing mill for the material.
Reference will now be directed to Fig. 1 o~ the ac-companying drawing where there is schematically shown apparatus for practicing the invention heretofore briefly summarized.
The primary arrangement of apparatus includes a suitable conveyor 10 for bringing the wood chips, bark, coal, and other material to be reduced to a hopper 11 which directs the material into a feed unit 12 of conventional feed screw construction having a driving motor 12A. Any feed means can be used, but it is preferred in this instance to use a screw feed mechanism and to operate the unit 12 with the hopper 11 continually filled so as to exclude as much as possible the inflow of ambient air. The screw feed until 12 delivers the material into an upwardly directed passage 13 which opens at the upper end into an expansion chamber 14. The passage 13 includes a portion having a venturi throat 15 which is both an outlet and an inlet for a suitable mill M having a rotor 17 which is operable to run in either direction.
The expansion chamber 14 above the passage 13 opens into a conduit 18 which delivers material tangentially into a conventional cyclone separator 19 where the material flowi~ in the airstxeam is separated out through a rotary valve 20 and is collected in a suitable bin B, while the air carrying dust and fines is delivered through conduit 21 to the suction side of a blower 22. The conduit 23 from the outlet of the blower 22. The conduit 23 from the outlet of the blower 22 returns the air to the mill M at passage 13 below the venturi 15.
:. - - : - ,, .
, . . .
1042~V5 The ap~ratus of Fig. 1 is designed to reduce friable material such as wood chips and bark to a uniform product which is delivered into the bin s. The wood chips and bark, delivered to the hopper 11, are conveyed by the screw feed unit 12 into the passage 13. The blower 22 is, of course, operated to create a circulation or flow of air upward through the venturi 15 and around the circuit including the expansion chamber 14, the cyclone separator 19 and the return conduit 21 to the blower 22.
A damper 24 is operably mounted in the conduit 21 near the suc-tion inlet of the blower 22 so that the velocity of the circu~
lating air through the venturi 15 can be regulated as desired.
The material delivered to the passage 13 contains a certain per- :
centage of dust and fines along with the larger chips, chunks and pieces. The flow through the venturi 15 is, therefore, regulated by the damper 24 so that the fines are caused to float upwardly into the expansion chamber 14 while gravity causes the larger and heavier particles and pieces to fall through the venturi 15 where it is ground and reduced by the hammer rotor 17 and flung backwardly t.hrough the venturi 15, and exhausted by the flow being delivered through the conduit 23 below the venturi 150 The flow through the passage 13 and expansion chamber 14 will con-tain a fluid medium composed of dust and fines suspended in air and this medium will traverse the conduit 18 to the c~clone separator 19 where a desired separation occurs and airborne dust and fines are delivered through the top outlet conduit 21 while the material separated out is collected in the bin B.
Control over the amount of dust and fines carried out of c~clone separator 19 through the air exhaust box 25 is provided by ,,:
1~42~S
means of a hinyed skimmer ~ 26 (E'ig. lA) which may be a~-justably positioned more or less into the vortex flow entering the cyclone 19 from the inl:et conduit 18. The vane 26 is po-sitionable to skim out the finer or smaller portions of the material entering the cyclone 19 for flow through the exhaust box 25 and into the exit conduit 21 and delivery to the blower 22. The delivery side of blower 22 is subject to suction at the connection of conduit 27 which is connected to a bag separator 28, and the separator 28 is under suction from blower 29 through conduit 30. The portion of the material skimmed out by the vane 26 for delivery to the separator 28 and eventual delivery through a rotary valve 31 to a screw conveyor device 32 driven by motor 33 to conduit 34 is conducted to the burner 35 of a furnac~ 36.
Thus the fines extracted by the skimming vane 26 will be consumed in the furnace 36 to act as fuel and furnish heat for drying purposes. At the same time selective portions of the material delivered to the cyclone separator 19 will be collected in the closed bin B.
Fig. 1~ illustrates one means for selective extraction of the dust and fines from the chamber of the cyclone separator 19. :~f the skimming vane 26 is not desired, the same effect can be obtained by creating the unusual leakage of ambient air into the cyclone charr~ber through the rotary valve 20. For this pur-pose, the valve 20 (Fig. 2~, driven by suitable motor means A, has its multi-bladed rotor 20A enclosed between opposed side walls 20B adjustably mounted by bolts 20C to the side plates 20D (one being seen) of the valve housing mounted at the apex of the cyclone chamber l9P.. The side walls 2013 can be adjusted toward or ~LV424~)5 away from the path of motion o~ the valve blades 20~ to vary the ambient air leakage into the cyclone chamber apex. The air leaking into the cyclone is greatest, and the result is that dust and fines reaching the apex zone are whisked upwardly to the outlet conduit 1~ while the desired larger particles are exhausted through the rotary valve to the bin B.
Returning to Fig. 1, the apparatus is arranged with a furnace 36 which is provided with a standard wood fuel burner 35 to ~hich an outside source of oil or ~as fuel is connected at pipe 37. Combustion air is supplied into conduit 34 by conduit ; 38 from the blower 39. The furnace 36 has a cyclone chamber 40 lined with a suitable refractory. The cyclone chamber has an in-let at conduit 41 to deliver the hot gases through conduit 43 into conduit 23 at a junction adjacent the mill M. me furnace inlet 41 receives a supply of combustible material from conduit 44 which is connected to conduit 27 in by-pass of the bag sepa-rator 28, and a suitable valve 45 is placed in the by-pass con-duit 44. A supply of combustion air for the furnace is obtained through conduit 46 controlled.by valve 47. The amount of air admitted at conduit 46 is regulated to replace moisture laden air exhausted from the system at the outlet conduit 48 of blower 29 under the control valve 49.
In employing the furnace 36 with a cyclone chamber 40, the non-burnables, such as sand, rock and the like, work their way along the bottom wall and can be exhausted through a dump chute 50 having a rotary valve 51. The material so dumped can be collected by a suitable belt conveyor 52 for movement to a dis-posal station.
~4~
The op~ration of the system of Fig. 1 is to produce drying heat for the incoming material, and to use portions of that material as a fuel to produce the heat for drying the pro-duct portions not used in this system as a fuel. Thus, the in-coming material at passage 13 undergoes a first sorting step where the fines capable of floating in a controlled air stream are moved along to a cyclone separator 19. The larger portions of the incoming material pass by gravity to the mill M for re-duction before being returned to passage 13. The second sorting step takes place in the cyclone separator 19 where the dust and fines are intentionally passed into the cyclone outlet conduit 21, thereby keeping this portion of the material out of the product portion that is discharged to the bin B. The second sorting step is accomplished either by using the adjustable skimmer vane 26 (Fig. lA) to direct the dust and fines into conduit 21 through the exhaust bo~ 25, or by closing the vane 26 and adjusting one or both of the rotary valve side walls 20B (Fig. 2) to allow leakage of ambient air through the product outlet to sweep the dust and fines upwardly in the cyclone 19 to the exhaust box 25.
The product collected in bin 20 may be further treated to convert it to a gaseous fuel.
The flow of dust and fines in the carrier air stream in conduit 21 and blower 22 is subjected to the suction effect at the connection of conduit 27 to the outlet conduit 23 of blow-er 22. The dust a~d fines are drawn off in conduit 27 to the bag separator 28 by reason of the operation of blower 29 connected to the bag separator. The air and moisture therein is discharged to atmosphere at conduit 48, and the fines and dust are discharged ; -7-: - . ............................ . . . .
.: .- . ~ . :~ . ;, .
~.042~VS
by the bottom rotary valve 31 into a screw conveyor 32 which delivers the material into conduit 34. The material flow in conduit 34, along with amb}ent air from blower 39 is fed to the burner 35 of the furnace 36. The burner 36 is of the type that does not allow the passage of a large quantity of air, so the fuel is, there~ore, burned in a controlled air volume, normally in the range of about fourteen (14%) percent excess oxygen.
Because of this feature of the burner 36, and the permissible reduction in size of the bag separator 28, about seventy (70%) percent of the air, fines, and dust is by-passed at conduit 44 directly to the furnace inlet 41. The entrance of air, fines, and dust is directed tangentially of the furnace wall, and re-fractory lining is used to reduce abrasion and heat effect on the furnace shell. The furnace 36 acts like a cyclone and the dust and fines are concentrated toward the flame issuing from the burner 35 where they are consumed to produce the heat that is conveyed by the air out to conduit 43. The exit heat level is maintained at about 600F. by adjusting the air admitted at con-duit 46 past valve a~7, It has been noted that the material carried into the furnace 36 contains non-combustible material. This material is moved by the cyclone action to exhaust chute 50 where it is dis-charged :lay the rotary valve 51 onto the carry-over conveyor 52.
Also, any oversize particles of material received therein remain for the time required to effect complete conibustion, as such material is effectively trapped by the cyclone action and moved into the flame area under violent mixing conditions. When the burner flame has been established in the furnace 36, the outside ~ - .
~V~
fuel source is cut off, and the dust and fines needed to con-tinue combustion can be supplied in sufficient amounts by ad-justing the skimmer vane, or by adjusting the rotary valve side walls 20B to the desired leakage condition.
A modification of the apparatus of Fig. 1 is seen in Fig. 3 where similar parts and components are similarly enumer-ated so that only the additional parts and components will be described. As shown the heat outlet from the cyclone furnace 36 is conduit 43A which is connected directly to a cyclone chamber 53 where the heat level can be more closely controlled and any particulate material carried out of the furnace 36 will have a chance to separate out and be discharged through rotary valve 54.
~he control of the temperature level is partly obtained by lead-ing a portion of the exhaust flow of blower 29 through conduit controlled by valve 56 to the cyclone 53. The hot gas ~,air) issuing from the chamber 53 is led by conduit 57 into a junction (not seen but similar to Fig. 1) with conduit 23 of blower 22 adjacent the mill M.
In the operation of the system of apparatus seen in Fig. 1, the temperature of the hot gases (air) at the furnace outlet conduit 43 is desired to be of the order of 600F. so as to be below the flash temperature of the volatiles in the wood waste. The temperature is regulated by the quantit~ of air brought in at conduit 46. In Fig. 2, the cyclone furnace 36 can operate at a higher temperature for better consumption of the burnable material. ~hile the temperature of the gases issuing from furnace 36 at conduit 43A can be considerably higher than 600F., such gases are led into the chamber 53 and mixed with clean air from conduit 55 so the final gas temperature at cc,nduit .
_9_ -~04;~4~5 57 is at the desired level. Further, the cyclone action in chamber 53 throws out of the gases substantially all of the parti~ulate material that might be carried out of the furnace.
Turning to Fig. 4, the system of apparatus is similar to that shown and described in Eig. l, except that the hammer mill M has now been replaced with a rotary mill RM. This modi-fied system is suitable for handling such material as coal.
The difference is in the way the hot gases (air) are fed to the mill RM. A rotary or roller mill RM has the grinding rolls 58 connected to a vertical shaft 59 driven through a reduction gear train 60 and a belt drive 61 from the motor 62. The motor 62 and drive is disposed in a suitable foundation 63 which supports the scroll casing 64 surrounding the grinding chamber of the mill RM. The ca~ing 64 has a plurality of inlets 65 opening to the grinding chamber, while the casing 64 is connected to the end of conduit 23. The hot gas supply conduit 43 is joined into con-duit 23 adjacent the inlet 65. The forced flow of hot gases in the scroll casing 64 flows into the grinding chamber and carries the material upwardly past the drive shaft 59 and into the venturi throat 15 of passage 13 in opposition to the fall of the heavy material through the venturi throat.
The mill RM is provided with a dump chute 66 opening from the bottom o:E the grinding chamber to the outside of the foundation 63 where the material incapable of being easily reduced is collected on a suitable conveyor 67. A valve 68 normally closes the chute outlet to avoid impairing the function of the flow of air to the venturi throat 15.
From the foregoing description it should be apparent 1C~42~(~5 that the apparatus, in any of its embodiments, is adapted for the efficient disposal of combustible material without generating and releasing to the atmosphere noxious Eumes, or polluting the atmosphere with particulate material.
Claims (6)
1. Apparatus for disposing of combustible material comprising a first circulating system having a blower to propel air as a carrier medium in said first system, a material reduc-ing mill in said first system, means to feed material into said first system adjacent said mill for reduction in said mill and flow with the air in said first system, a cyclone separator in said first system having an outlet connected into the suction side of said blower and an inlet connected to receive reduced material from said mill along with fines and dust in said first system, and said cyclone separator having a discharge for re-duced material that is substantially free of fines and dust;
and a second circulating system having an inlet connection ad-jacent the delivery side of said blower, separator means for fines and dust connected to said second system inlet, a second blower having a suction connection at said separator means and an outlet to atmosphere, a furnace connected into said second system beyond said separator means in the flow direction to receive the fines and dust drawn into said second system by said second blower and dispose of them by combustion, conduit means connected to said furnace and to said first system adjacent said mill to deliver furnace heat into said first system for material drying purposes, and means connected into said furnace to admit ambient air to regulate the temperature of the heat of said furnace.
and a second circulating system having an inlet connection ad-jacent the delivery side of said blower, separator means for fines and dust connected to said second system inlet, a second blower having a suction connection at said separator means and an outlet to atmosphere, a furnace connected into said second system beyond said separator means in the flow direction to receive the fines and dust drawn into said second system by said second blower and dispose of them by combustion, conduit means connected to said furnace and to said first system adjacent said mill to deliver furnace heat into said first system for material drying purposes, and means connected into said furnace to admit ambient air to regulate the temperature of the heat of said furnace.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said cyclone separator includes valve means in said discharge to release the reduced material, and other means to effect the separation of the fines and dust from the reduced material released by said valve means.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said other means for removing the fines and dust is constituted by a skimming vane in said cyclone separator.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said means for removing the fines and dust is constituted by said reduced ma-terial discharge means having a housing with a rotary valve operable in said housing, and an adjustable wall enclosing said rotary valve with a leak passage for ambient air flow into said cyclone separator.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said conduit means to deliver heat into said first system includes a cyclone chamber having its inlet connected to said furnace and its out-let connected to said first system, and a conduit connection between said second blower outlet and said cyclone chamber to supply air for regulating the temperature of the air delivery into said first system.
6. Apparatus of claim 1, wherein said furnace has a combustion chamber and a fuel burner connected to said chamber, and said separator means is a bag separator connected on one side into the suction of said second blower and connected on the other side to said second system inlet, means to conduct the fines and dust from said bag separator outlet into said fuel burner, and means in by-pass of said bag separator to supply fines and dust into said combustion chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00385984A US3826208A (en) | 1973-08-06 | 1973-08-06 | Apparatus and system for disposing of combustible and waste material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1042405A true CA1042405A (en) | 1978-11-14 |
Family
ID=23523683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA205,146A Expired CA1042405A (en) | 1973-08-06 | 1974-07-19 | Apparatus for disposing of combustible and waste material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3826208A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5246029B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1042405A (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3922975A (en) * | 1972-04-26 | 1975-12-02 | Combustion Power | Method and apparatus for feeding solid waste to a fluid bed disposal apparatus |
| JPS51117480A (en) * | 1975-04-07 | 1976-10-15 | Takuma Co Ltd | Forced draft incineration furnace |
| JPS51124070A (en) * | 1975-04-23 | 1976-10-29 | Takuma Co Ltd | Dust incinaration furnace, floating combustion type |
| JPS5274507A (en) * | 1975-12-18 | 1977-06-22 | Asao Tetsukoushiyo Kk | Melting furnace apparatus |
| US4061274A (en) * | 1976-07-26 | 1977-12-06 | Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company | Material reducing apparatus and method of operating the same |
| FR2406158A1 (en) * | 1977-10-13 | 1979-05-11 | Tabel Rene | Wood burning furnace combustion chamber - has heat transfer member inside combustion chamber connected to perforated cylinder to improve combustion |
| JPS554660Y2 (en) * | 1978-03-29 | 1980-02-04 | ||
| JPS6014257B2 (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1985-04-12 | 日本フア−ネス工業株式会社 | Incomplete combustion furnace for sewage sludge treatment |
| JPS603132B2 (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1985-01-25 | 日本フア−ネス工業株式会社 | Complete combustion furnace for sewage sludge treatment |
| CS213819B1 (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1982-04-09 | Jaroslav Beranek | Method of preparing fuel for fluidizing incineration |
| SE434568B (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1984-07-30 | Volvo Flygmotor Ab | SET TO BURN COMBUSTABLE WASTE OF RUBBER AND PLASTIC, AND PLANT FOR EXECUTION OF THE SET |
| US4406676A (en) * | 1980-12-02 | 1983-09-27 | Potter George R | Method and apparatus for filtering a stream of gas while drying waste lignocellulosic material |
| US4455761A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-06-26 | Terhune Robert D | Pneumatic polymer eductor conveyor dryer |
| FR2520097A1 (en) * | 1982-01-20 | 1983-07-22 | Birkel Jean Paul | Pneumatic drying of moist ligneous waste - where dried waste is compacted into fuel briquettes, and is also used to generate hot air employed for pneumatic drying |
| US4532873A (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1985-08-06 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Suspension firing of hog fuel, other biomass or peat |
| AU555392B2 (en) * | 1983-02-02 | 1986-09-25 | Kobe Seiko Sho K.K. | Pulverizing and drying flammable material |
| US4489665A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1984-12-25 | Halliburton Company | Mobile, sorbent-pad disposal system |
| WO1987000604A1 (en) * | 1985-07-18 | 1987-01-29 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Suspension firing of hog fuel, other biomass or peat |
| DE8616562U1 (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1986-08-21 | Chang, Ming Chao, Hsin Ying | Device for processing waste, garbage or the like. |
| US5018456A (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1991-05-28 | Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company | System for disposing of sludge |
| US4938155A (en) * | 1989-05-01 | 1990-07-03 | Williams Robert M | Fluidized bed combustion apparatus for generating environmentally-innocent ash |
| US5439181A (en) * | 1994-03-21 | 1995-08-08 | Williams; Robert M. | Chevron device limiting mill discharge in a fluid bed system |
| US5392721A (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-02-28 | Technology Development Corp. | Method for recycling papermaking sludge |
| US6055915A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2000-05-02 | Bickell; Roy A. | Wood residue disposal system |
| US20040035093A1 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2004-02-26 | Conrad Wayne Ernest | Vacuum cleaner |
| US20090007484A1 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2009-01-08 | Smith David G | Apparatus and process for converting biomass feed materials into reusable carbonaceous and hydrocarbon products |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2148447A (en) * | 1933-08-26 | 1939-02-28 | William A Dundas | Method of and apparatus for disposing of sewage waste |
| US2032402A (en) * | 1934-06-14 | 1936-03-03 | Raymond Bros Impact Pulverizer | System for sludge disposal |
| US2259967A (en) * | 1939-03-01 | 1941-10-21 | Smidth & Co As F L | Fuel supply system |
| US3387574A (en) * | 1966-11-14 | 1968-06-11 | Combustion Eng | System for pneumatically transporting high-moisture fuels such as bagasse and bark and an included furnace for drying and burning those fuels in suspension under high turbulence |
-
1973
- 1973-08-06 US US00385984A patent/US3826208A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-07-19 CA CA205,146A patent/CA1042405A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-05 JP JP49089753A patent/JPS5246029B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5246029B2 (en) | 1977-11-21 |
| JPS5044667A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
| US3826208A (en) | 1974-07-30 |
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