CA1041455A - Method and apparatus for stage charging of coke oven chambers - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for stage charging of coke oven chambersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1041455A CA1041455A CA202,958A CA202958A CA1041455A CA 1041455 A CA1041455 A CA 1041455A CA 202958 A CA202958 A CA 202958A CA 1041455 A CA1041455 A CA 1041455A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- hoppers
- chamber
- charging
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B31/00—Charging devices
- C10B31/02—Charging devices for charging vertically
- C10B31/04—Charging devices for charging vertically coke ovens with horizontal chambers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The charging holes in a chamber of a coke oven battery are unequally spaced apart, and coal hoppers having screw feeders first charge coal into the chamber through the outer holes. Thereafter, a coal hopper or hoppers, having gravity feed equipment, charge coal into the chamber through an inner hole or inner holes.
The charging holes in a chamber of a coke oven battery are unequally spaced apart, and coal hoppers having screw feeders first charge coal into the chamber through the outer holes. Thereafter, a coal hopper or hoppers, having gravity feed equipment, charge coal into the chamber through an inner hole or inner holes.
Description
With the advent of stricter anti-pollution laws and regu- :
lations9 it has become mandatory that a more effective method and apparatus.
be developed for the smokeless charging of coal into coke ovens. Apparatus and methods for the more effective prevention of al:mospheric pollution ..
.~ during the pushing cycle are presently being developed as well.
~ Smoke evolves during charging at two stages: (1) while coal ~:
:~ is falling into the oYen chamber; and (2) while the coal is being :Leveled '' in the oven chamber.
It is recognized that when gravity discharge hoppers are used, the rate of ~harging usually is ~oo fast for the ascension pipe or . pipes to handle the vast quantity of e~olving gas whlch then escapes to atmosphere from the charging holes and sometimes from around the charging .
hole drop sleeves. In order to speed up the charging, larger charging holes have been provided in some ovens. But the use of larger charging holes has . reduced the draft in the oven when such holes are uncovered.
.When.the coal is in the oven, there will be at least one o~
.the ~ntermediary:charging holes blocked with coal before levelling commences.
: . , .
}3~ In.an oven with onl~ one collecting main,.this means that the gas escapes ' ~ from the cha~ging hole or holes remote f~om the ascension pipe. In an oven . .; .
`'~ having two ascension pipes and two collecting malns,.the gas can.~sually escape to one or.the other collecting mains, but so ~uch gas evolves that some of it still escapes to atmosphere from.the charging holes. ..
To bring about more ef~ective'smokeless charglng of coal.into ' coke ovens,~ certain procedures have been tried that do result in much less smoke;emission. One such procedure is known as staged charglng, which ~ :
,.,~ , : .procedure has been in use at the Avenue Plant of the National Coal Board~
Sheffield~ England. At the Avenue Plant, cDal is ~'ed b~ gravlty into ~ .'.'.. '.
coke oven chamber in a preselected sequence, whe~eby hoppers 1, 4~ 2S 3 ' :~
(numbered~from the pusher sids Soward the coke side) are'emptled one at a ~ ; 3Q: time.
:''~ ',, . ~ '"
~0~55 The substance of the present invention is an improvement in ;
the staged charging system for coke ovens as presently known, ; In this invention a larry car that is movable along the top of a coke oven battery supports a plurality of coal hoppers. In one embodi-. ,.~ .
ment of the invention screw conveyors discharge coal from the hoppers located , closest to the outer sides of the battery (nearest the end doors of a coking ;~
~ chamber) and gravity feed apparatus is used to discharge coal from the ;l hoppe~s between the outer-most hoppers. The two outer-most hoppers will ', preferably hold about eighty (80%) percent of the coal to be charged into ~ -the oven chamber and the other hoppers will hold the remaining twenty (20%) percent.
;~ : ' In another embodiment of the invention, there are only three coal hoppers. The two outer hoppers hold about eighty-one percent (81%) of , the coal charge and the middle third hopper holds about nineteen (19%) per-cent of the coal charge. The two outer hoppers are mechanical feed type i hoppers and the middle hopper is a gravity feed type hopper.
~! . .
For a further understanding of the invention and for features and advantages thereof, reference may be made to the following description ; and the drawing which illustrates embodiments of equipment in accordance with the invention which is suitable for practicing the method of the 1 invention.
~l In the drawings:
;5~ Figure l is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing an improved staged charging system in accordance with the ~,-invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing a modlflcation of the system of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a view along line III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a view along line IV-IV of Figure 2;
30~ Figure 5 is a view along line V-V of Figure 2 Pj~ Figure 6 is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing a modlfication of the system of Flgure l;
U: ~ ", .. ! : :
$E3~ 5~5i Figure 7 is a schematic view of a charging hole of a coke oven chamber as known from the prior art; and Figure 8 ls a schematic ~iew of a charging hole of the chamber of Figures 1-3.
Re~erring to the drawing, in ~lgure 1, a coke oven battery 11, has a plurality of coking chambers, one of which 13, is shown schema-~tically, and such coking chamber 13 has two gas off-take passageways 15, ~-17~ and three coal cbarging holes 19, 21, 23.
. It will be noted from Figure l that charging holes 19 and 23 are equally spaced apart from.the centerline 25 o-the coke oven battery 1l and they are ad~acent the off-take passageways 15, 17, but that inter-mediary charging hole 21 is closer to the charging hole l9 than to the . charglng hole.23. That is to say, intermedlary:charging hole 21.is not on the longitudinal centerline 25 of the battery as it would be in conventional ovens.
.~l.The outer~ost charging boles 19 and:23 ase assocla~ed with :~, . coal hoppers 27, 29, conveniently ~ounted on a larr~ car (not.shown) and ~-~ ~ntermediar~.charging hole 21 is associated wlth a coal hopper 31, also ~
., ~ .
: mounted on the larry car... Coal hopper 29 is similar to coal hopper 27 except . 20 :that it is made to the opposite hand. The:outermost coal hoppers 27~ 29 are ~,l each provided with a conventional.sc~ew feeder.33 and a conventlonal drop ~!~ sleeve arrangement 35 that provldes a dust free conduit ~or coal pass~ng . from.the coal~hopper screw feeder discharges into.the charging holesO Inter- : :
mediary coal~hopper:31, however, has no screw feeder because:~he coal dis~
charges ~rom this hopper by gravlty in a conventlonal manner. ~ :
In size~ each of the hoppers 27 and 29 holds about forty (40%~ :
.:: ~ . : . . -~ percent of the total volume o coal charged into the chamber 13, and.the .:.:;:
; ~, : : . .
coaI~hopper 31 holds~about twenty (20%) percent of such ~olume o coal. ;.:~ :
As shown in Figure 2 coal hoppers 27a, 29a, 31a, ~hlch are .,, . . :
~ - 30~ the same as hoppers 27, 299 31, may be orlented at 90 f~om the position ~.
:'~': ~ . . .
,~ ~ . .
_ ., _ ! ~ .. .
.~ , ~ , .
~i :: : . . .
.,, ~0~5~ ~ :
~ shown in Figure 1. The hoppers 27a, 31a, are fitted with screw ~eeders 33a, ; and the hopper 29a is a gravity feed hopper. The coke oven and charging holes and off-take openings shown in Flgure 2 are :Located ~he same as those shown in Figure 1. .:
Figure 6 illustrates schematically a coke oven battery 37 that has a plurality of coking chambers, one of which 39 is shown as having :s four charging holes 41, 43, 45, 47 and two gas off-~ake holes 49, 51. ~he.
` charging holes 41, 43 and 45, 47 are spaced apart equally from a centerline "'""'"`'`'"'"' -' 53 of the battery 37, and the gas of~-take holes 49,'51 are also equally . ' ~' ~o spaced apart from the centerline 53.' :
.i The outermost charging holes'41, 47 are located as close as .' ''~.
:~ is practical to the off-take holes 49, 51, and the intermediary charging .. 'i holes 43, 45 are located as close to the charging holes 41, 47 as is practical. . ' ' The outenllost charging holes'41, 47 are associated with coal ' hoppers 55, 57 that have screw feeders S9, 61 and drop sleeves 63, 65, and .'.'. .the intermediary charging holes 43, 45 are associated with gravity feed ':
.. . .
'~ . coal hoppers 67, 69. . '- '.
~ The relative volumes of coal in each of the hoppers is: .
~. .. .
.thirty-nine.(39%) percent of the total volume o coa~ to be charged into ' :' 20: the oven cha~ber is in each one o~ the hoppers 55, 57; nlne (9%) percent ' ' ~" ' is in hopper 69; and thirteen (13%) percent is in hopper 67. ' .. ::' '' Tigures 7 and 8 illustrate respectively the 1are angle of '';
a prior art.~charging hole and the flare angle of a charging hole in accor~
dance with the presen~ invention. The flare angle of prior art charging .. ::
oles~is~about~67,~.~hereas, in accordance wlth the present invention, the ~ :
lare~angle is only:about 55.
The method of charging the coke oven~chambe~l3, haYing three : ' :
: charglng hoIes is: ~lids are.removed from holes 19, 23 and coal :Ls dis- '''.'.
; charged simultaneously through-the screw feeders 33 from both hoppers 27, `: 29. These;two hoppers toge~her contain abou't eigh~y-one (81%) percent of '~: ':
~f~ ` :the total volume of the coal to be charged into the co~ing chamber. . i.''.~
.~- .. . .~:, .s _ 4 ~
, ~, .: :
~o~ss Thereafter lids on holes 19, 23 are replaced and lld on hole 21 is removed ~ and coal gravitates from hopper 31, which holds about nineteen (19%) percent of the volume, into the coking chamber 13. The lld on hole 21 is then re-; placed. The masses of coal discharged into the chamber from hoppers 27, 29 (about 81 percent) are designated 71, 73, and the mass of coal discharged into the chamber rom hopper 31 (about 19 percent) is designated 75.
It will be noted from Flgure 1 that the peaks of the coal masses 71, 73 are below the flared charging holes and there is no blocking : thereof to ~he passage of gases to the gas off-take openings 15, 17. Only ;` 10 the mass of coal 75, which is relatively sMall, blocks the charging hole 21.
-~ When this blocking occurs it is necessary to commence leveling to bring the `~ level of the coal in the chamber to the line 77.
In prior art types o~ coke oyen batteries, where.the ~lare ~ .
. angle (Figure 7) o.the charg~ng holes is about 67, when blocking of the ~ .
; . charging hole occurs, more coal remains in the prior art type hopper than ~: .
~:remains in hopper 31. In fact, blocking usually.occurs at each.charging - .:
` . hole. This necessitates more levellng.during a charging cycle and a Ionger . . .
. : time to charge a coke oven chamber. In accordance with.the present in~ention, ~ :
.. ( .
. ~ . however, blocking only occurs at the intermedlary.charging hole, and leveling ~' . 20. i8 done only once during a.charging cycle.
;~ The seguence oE charging.the coke oven chamber o~ Figure 2 is the same as:that described with respect to Figure 1~
The sequence for charging.the coki.ng chamber 39, having ~our .charging~holes, is described as follows: initlally the l~ds on charging : holes 41 and 47 are removed; the drop sleeves.63; 65 are lowered into place; :
and the screw feeders 59, 61 are activated to discharge coal simtlltaneously . .
, into chamber 39. Therea~ter, the lids on holes 4l, 47 are replaced; the lLd ..
on hole 45 is removed and coal gravitates from hopper 69 into the chamber . : ~ : :
39. Then, the lid on hole 45 is replaced as the lid on hole 43 is removed. . .
~ Coal gravltates from hopper 67 until lt blocks the charglng hoLe, as sho~n .. . . .
~ , :
.. .. .
in Figure 6. A. thls time leveling commPnces and the final level of coal in chamber 39 is indicated at 79.
Of course when blocking of the charging hole occurs, gases can readily escape from the o~ren chamber 39 through the two off-take open-ings 49, 51.
As mentioned previously in describing charging of chamber 13, because the charging holes in the coke oven chamber 39 have flare angles of - about 55 instead of the customary 67, coal does not block the charging . .
: holes.41, 47, 45. The peak of the coal mass discharged through each such charging hole is below the top of the oven chamber and there is space enough ~or the evolving gas to flow over the peaks and into the off-take openings.
Only.the blocking of the charging hole.43 necessitates level-l ing, and this occurs only once during a.charging cycle.
'1 In a typical lnstal:Lation, like that shown in Figure 6, . .:
hoppers 55, 57 would each contain about 540:cubic feet, or about thirty-nine ~. .
.(39%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged; hopper 69 would ~: .: contain about 120.cubic feet, or about nine C9%) percent of the total volume of coal; and hopper 67 would contain about 175 cubic eet or about.thirteen : ~13%) percent of the total volume of coal. :When ~?locking of.charging hole 43 occurs, only about 45 cubic feet ar ahout.three (3%) percent o~.~he total .. :;
volume of coal remains in hopper 69, and.this:quantit~r o~ coal would be dis?-,,,! charged quickly as leveling takes place.
.. In Yigure 6, the charging holes.41, 47-are~located.as close as possible to.the gas of-takes ~49, 51; and the.charging holes .41, 47 ~ave ~: :
;a:~1are angle each of about 55,~as sho~n in ~igure 8. ~:
Unitsd Ststes Pstent 1,900,75~ describss a syste~ and method . ;.
or charging coke ovens thse may seem to resemble ths systems and msthod described herein. However, in one embodiment of the in~rent~on.showll ln Figur9~2 o th9~p9tent, ths two hoppers 34, 36 are gmallsr ln sise than the ;;30~ ~ cen~er hopper 35. Also, hopper 35 is located on ~he centerline o.E the coke:
ovsn~battery.
6- :
: :
.
~Q~ 5~i In contrast to the teaching o~ ~nited States Patent 1,900,752, the applicants disclose a system for charglng coke oven chambers, having either three charging holes or four charging holes, that ls not like and is not obvious from the system shown and described in the patent.
From the foregolng descriptlon of one embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art should recogni.~e many important features ~: and advantages of it, among which the following are particularly significant-That each oven, being charged with coal in the same manner ~j each time, in accordance with the method of the in~ention, is filled properly .
. 10 and leveling is reduced to a minimum;
That the emission o~ gas, smoke or steam to atmosphere is ` practlcally eliminated and the chance of fire:occuring at a chargin~ hole i8 minimal; ~ :
That, because there ls almost no emission of gas, smoke or .dust through.the charging hole ln use at any part~cular time, no gas scrubbers . .
. and associated equipment are mounted on the larry car; - ~
:. . .:
That, since the large capacity coal hoppers can be o~al in -~. ~
- , - : ~ . :
cxoss-sectional shape and since the small capacity coal hoppers contain only a small percentage of the total coal in a.charge, space.is more effec~ively ~ :
. used and ~ore space i9 available on the larry car; and That the weight of the larry car, carrying as many as ~our : ~
: . coal hoppers, in accordance with the present lnventivn,.~s ~inimized; where~ ~ .
~ore, the cost of such a larry car is also mini~ized. : ;.
Although the invention has been described hereln ~ith a certain degree of~particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has ~ ..
been made only as an example and that the scope of the invention is defined by what is hereina~ter clai~ed.
30 :
:^. '' ` `" .' :
-; ~ 7 - .
, .
!, ~. ~ ', ' ~ :
1: ' .
!: .
lations9 it has become mandatory that a more effective method and apparatus.
be developed for the smokeless charging of coal into coke ovens. Apparatus and methods for the more effective prevention of al:mospheric pollution ..
.~ during the pushing cycle are presently being developed as well.
~ Smoke evolves during charging at two stages: (1) while coal ~:
:~ is falling into the oYen chamber; and (2) while the coal is being :Leveled '' in the oven chamber.
It is recognized that when gravity discharge hoppers are used, the rate of ~harging usually is ~oo fast for the ascension pipe or . pipes to handle the vast quantity of e~olving gas whlch then escapes to atmosphere from the charging holes and sometimes from around the charging .
hole drop sleeves. In order to speed up the charging, larger charging holes have been provided in some ovens. But the use of larger charging holes has . reduced the draft in the oven when such holes are uncovered.
.When.the coal is in the oven, there will be at least one o~
.the ~ntermediary:charging holes blocked with coal before levelling commences.
: . , .
}3~ In.an oven with onl~ one collecting main,.this means that the gas escapes ' ~ from the cha~ging hole or holes remote f~om the ascension pipe. In an oven . .; .
`'~ having two ascension pipes and two collecting malns,.the gas can.~sually escape to one or.the other collecting mains, but so ~uch gas evolves that some of it still escapes to atmosphere from.the charging holes. ..
To bring about more ef~ective'smokeless charglng of coal.into ' coke ovens,~ certain procedures have been tried that do result in much less smoke;emission. One such procedure is known as staged charglng, which ~ :
,.,~ , : .procedure has been in use at the Avenue Plant of the National Coal Board~
Sheffield~ England. At the Avenue Plant, cDal is ~'ed b~ gravlty into ~ .'.'.. '.
coke oven chamber in a preselected sequence, whe~eby hoppers 1, 4~ 2S 3 ' :~
(numbered~from the pusher sids Soward the coke side) are'emptled one at a ~ ; 3Q: time.
:''~ ',, . ~ '"
~0~55 The substance of the present invention is an improvement in ;
the staged charging system for coke ovens as presently known, ; In this invention a larry car that is movable along the top of a coke oven battery supports a plurality of coal hoppers. In one embodi-. ,.~ .
ment of the invention screw conveyors discharge coal from the hoppers located , closest to the outer sides of the battery (nearest the end doors of a coking ;~
~ chamber) and gravity feed apparatus is used to discharge coal from the ;l hoppe~s between the outer-most hoppers. The two outer-most hoppers will ', preferably hold about eighty (80%) percent of the coal to be charged into ~ -the oven chamber and the other hoppers will hold the remaining twenty (20%) percent.
;~ : ' In another embodiment of the invention, there are only three coal hoppers. The two outer hoppers hold about eighty-one percent (81%) of , the coal charge and the middle third hopper holds about nineteen (19%) per-cent of the coal charge. The two outer hoppers are mechanical feed type i hoppers and the middle hopper is a gravity feed type hopper.
~! . .
For a further understanding of the invention and for features and advantages thereof, reference may be made to the following description ; and the drawing which illustrates embodiments of equipment in accordance with the invention which is suitable for practicing the method of the 1 invention.
~l In the drawings:
;5~ Figure l is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing an improved staged charging system in accordance with the ~,-invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing a modlflcation of the system of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a view along line III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a view along line IV-IV of Figure 2;
30~ Figure 5 is a view along line V-V of Figure 2 Pj~ Figure 6 is a schematic cross sectional view of a coke oven chamber showing a modlfication of the system of Flgure l;
U: ~ ", .. ! : :
$E3~ 5~5i Figure 7 is a schematic view of a charging hole of a coke oven chamber as known from the prior art; and Figure 8 ls a schematic ~iew of a charging hole of the chamber of Figures 1-3.
Re~erring to the drawing, in ~lgure 1, a coke oven battery 11, has a plurality of coking chambers, one of which 13, is shown schema-~tically, and such coking chamber 13 has two gas off-take passageways 15, ~-17~ and three coal cbarging holes 19, 21, 23.
. It will be noted from Figure l that charging holes 19 and 23 are equally spaced apart from.the centerline 25 o-the coke oven battery 1l and they are ad~acent the off-take passageways 15, 17, but that inter-mediary charging hole 21 is closer to the charging hole l9 than to the . charglng hole.23. That is to say, intermedlary:charging hole 21.is not on the longitudinal centerline 25 of the battery as it would be in conventional ovens.
.~l.The outer~ost charging boles 19 and:23 ase assocla~ed with :~, . coal hoppers 27, 29, conveniently ~ounted on a larr~ car (not.shown) and ~-~ ~ntermediar~.charging hole 21 is associated wlth a coal hopper 31, also ~
., ~ .
: mounted on the larry car... Coal hopper 29 is similar to coal hopper 27 except . 20 :that it is made to the opposite hand. The:outermost coal hoppers 27~ 29 are ~,l each provided with a conventional.sc~ew feeder.33 and a conventlonal drop ~!~ sleeve arrangement 35 that provldes a dust free conduit ~or coal pass~ng . from.the coal~hopper screw feeder discharges into.the charging holesO Inter- : :
mediary coal~hopper:31, however, has no screw feeder because:~he coal dis~
charges ~rom this hopper by gravlty in a conventlonal manner. ~ :
In size~ each of the hoppers 27 and 29 holds about forty (40%~ :
.:: ~ . : . . -~ percent of the total volume o coal charged into the chamber 13, and.the .:.:;:
; ~, : : . .
coaI~hopper 31 holds~about twenty (20%) percent of such ~olume o coal. ;.:~ :
As shown in Figure 2 coal hoppers 27a, 29a, 31a, ~hlch are .,, . . :
~ - 30~ the same as hoppers 27, 299 31, may be orlented at 90 f~om the position ~.
:'~': ~ . . .
,~ ~ . .
_ ., _ ! ~ .. .
.~ , ~ , .
~i :: : . . .
.,, ~0~5~ ~ :
~ shown in Figure 1. The hoppers 27a, 31a, are fitted with screw ~eeders 33a, ; and the hopper 29a is a gravity feed hopper. The coke oven and charging holes and off-take openings shown in Flgure 2 are :Located ~he same as those shown in Figure 1. .:
Figure 6 illustrates schematically a coke oven battery 37 that has a plurality of coking chambers, one of which 39 is shown as having :s four charging holes 41, 43, 45, 47 and two gas off-~ake holes 49, 51. ~he.
` charging holes 41, 43 and 45, 47 are spaced apart equally from a centerline "'""'"`'`'"'"' -' 53 of the battery 37, and the gas of~-take holes 49,'51 are also equally . ' ~' ~o spaced apart from the centerline 53.' :
.i The outermost charging holes'41, 47 are located as close as .' ''~.
:~ is practical to the off-take holes 49, 51, and the intermediary charging .. 'i holes 43, 45 are located as close to the charging holes 41, 47 as is practical. . ' ' The outenllost charging holes'41, 47 are associated with coal ' hoppers 55, 57 that have screw feeders S9, 61 and drop sleeves 63, 65, and .'.'. .the intermediary charging holes 43, 45 are associated with gravity feed ':
.. . .
'~ . coal hoppers 67, 69. . '- '.
~ The relative volumes of coal in each of the hoppers is: .
~. .. .
.thirty-nine.(39%) percent of the total volume o coa~ to be charged into ' :' 20: the oven cha~ber is in each one o~ the hoppers 55, 57; nlne (9%) percent ' ' ~" ' is in hopper 69; and thirteen (13%) percent is in hopper 67. ' .. ::' '' Tigures 7 and 8 illustrate respectively the 1are angle of '';
a prior art.~charging hole and the flare angle of a charging hole in accor~
dance with the presen~ invention. The flare angle of prior art charging .. ::
oles~is~about~67,~.~hereas, in accordance wlth the present invention, the ~ :
lare~angle is only:about 55.
The method of charging the coke oven~chambe~l3, haYing three : ' :
: charglng hoIes is: ~lids are.removed from holes 19, 23 and coal :Ls dis- '''.'.
; charged simultaneously through-the screw feeders 33 from both hoppers 27, `: 29. These;two hoppers toge~her contain abou't eigh~y-one (81%) percent of '~: ':
~f~ ` :the total volume of the coal to be charged into the co~ing chamber. . i.''.~
.~- .. . .~:, .s _ 4 ~
, ~, .: :
~o~ss Thereafter lids on holes 19, 23 are replaced and lld on hole 21 is removed ~ and coal gravitates from hopper 31, which holds about nineteen (19%) percent of the volume, into the coking chamber 13. The lld on hole 21 is then re-; placed. The masses of coal discharged into the chamber from hoppers 27, 29 (about 81 percent) are designated 71, 73, and the mass of coal discharged into the chamber rom hopper 31 (about 19 percent) is designated 75.
It will be noted from Flgure 1 that the peaks of the coal masses 71, 73 are below the flared charging holes and there is no blocking : thereof to ~he passage of gases to the gas off-take openings 15, 17. Only ;` 10 the mass of coal 75, which is relatively sMall, blocks the charging hole 21.
-~ When this blocking occurs it is necessary to commence leveling to bring the `~ level of the coal in the chamber to the line 77.
In prior art types o~ coke oyen batteries, where.the ~lare ~ .
. angle (Figure 7) o.the charg~ng holes is about 67, when blocking of the ~ .
; . charging hole occurs, more coal remains in the prior art type hopper than ~: .
~:remains in hopper 31. In fact, blocking usually.occurs at each.charging - .:
` . hole. This necessitates more levellng.during a charging cycle and a Ionger . . .
. : time to charge a coke oven chamber. In accordance with.the present in~ention, ~ :
.. ( .
. ~ . however, blocking only occurs at the intermedlary.charging hole, and leveling ~' . 20. i8 done only once during a.charging cycle.
;~ The seguence oE charging.the coke oven chamber o~ Figure 2 is the same as:that described with respect to Figure 1~
The sequence for charging.the coki.ng chamber 39, having ~our .charging~holes, is described as follows: initlally the l~ds on charging : holes 41 and 47 are removed; the drop sleeves.63; 65 are lowered into place; :
and the screw feeders 59, 61 are activated to discharge coal simtlltaneously . .
, into chamber 39. Therea~ter, the lids on holes 4l, 47 are replaced; the lLd ..
on hole 45 is removed and coal gravitates from hopper 69 into the chamber . : ~ : :
39. Then, the lid on hole 45 is replaced as the lid on hole 43 is removed. . .
~ Coal gravltates from hopper 67 until lt blocks the charglng hoLe, as sho~n .. . . .
~ , :
.. .. .
in Figure 6. A. thls time leveling commPnces and the final level of coal in chamber 39 is indicated at 79.
Of course when blocking of the charging hole occurs, gases can readily escape from the o~ren chamber 39 through the two off-take open-ings 49, 51.
As mentioned previously in describing charging of chamber 13, because the charging holes in the coke oven chamber 39 have flare angles of - about 55 instead of the customary 67, coal does not block the charging . .
: holes.41, 47, 45. The peak of the coal mass discharged through each such charging hole is below the top of the oven chamber and there is space enough ~or the evolving gas to flow over the peaks and into the off-take openings.
Only.the blocking of the charging hole.43 necessitates level-l ing, and this occurs only once during a.charging cycle.
'1 In a typical lnstal:Lation, like that shown in Figure 6, . .:
hoppers 55, 57 would each contain about 540:cubic feet, or about thirty-nine ~. .
.(39%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged; hopper 69 would ~: .: contain about 120.cubic feet, or about nine C9%) percent of the total volume of coal; and hopper 67 would contain about 175 cubic eet or about.thirteen : ~13%) percent of the total volume of coal. :When ~?locking of.charging hole 43 occurs, only about 45 cubic feet ar ahout.three (3%) percent o~.~he total .. :;
volume of coal remains in hopper 69, and.this:quantit~r o~ coal would be dis?-,,,! charged quickly as leveling takes place.
.. In Yigure 6, the charging holes.41, 47-are~located.as close as possible to.the gas of-takes ~49, 51; and the.charging holes .41, 47 ~ave ~: :
;a:~1are angle each of about 55,~as sho~n in ~igure 8. ~:
Unitsd Ststes Pstent 1,900,75~ describss a syste~ and method . ;.
or charging coke ovens thse may seem to resemble ths systems and msthod described herein. However, in one embodiment of the in~rent~on.showll ln Figur9~2 o th9~p9tent, ths two hoppers 34, 36 are gmallsr ln sise than the ;;30~ ~ cen~er hopper 35. Also, hopper 35 is located on ~he centerline o.E the coke:
ovsn~battery.
6- :
: :
.
~Q~ 5~i In contrast to the teaching o~ ~nited States Patent 1,900,752, the applicants disclose a system for charglng coke oven chambers, having either three charging holes or four charging holes, that ls not like and is not obvious from the system shown and described in the patent.
From the foregolng descriptlon of one embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art should recogni.~e many important features ~: and advantages of it, among which the following are particularly significant-That each oven, being charged with coal in the same manner ~j each time, in accordance with the method of the in~ention, is filled properly .
. 10 and leveling is reduced to a minimum;
That the emission o~ gas, smoke or steam to atmosphere is ` practlcally eliminated and the chance of fire:occuring at a chargin~ hole i8 minimal; ~ :
That, because there ls almost no emission of gas, smoke or .dust through.the charging hole ln use at any part~cular time, no gas scrubbers . .
. and associated equipment are mounted on the larry car; - ~
:. . .:
That, since the large capacity coal hoppers can be o~al in -~. ~
- , - : ~ . :
cxoss-sectional shape and since the small capacity coal hoppers contain only a small percentage of the total coal in a.charge, space.is more effec~ively ~ :
. used and ~ore space i9 available on the larry car; and That the weight of the larry car, carrying as many as ~our : ~
: . coal hoppers, in accordance with the present lnventivn,.~s ~inimized; where~ ~ .
~ore, the cost of such a larry car is also mini~ized. : ;.
Although the invention has been described hereln ~ith a certain degree of~particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has ~ ..
been made only as an example and that the scope of the invention is defined by what is hereina~ter clai~ed.
30 :
:^. '' ` `" .' :
-; ~ 7 - .
, .
!, ~. ~ ', ' ~ :
1: ' .
!: .
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a coke oven battery having coking chambers with a plurality of charging holes in each chamber, the improvement comprising:
(a) a larry car movable along the top of such battery and supporting a plurality of coal hoppers, equal in number to the number of charging holes in each coking chamber;
(b) screw conveyor means for discharging coal from the outermost coal hoppers located closest to the coke and the pusher sides of said battery into a coke oven chamber;
(c) gravity feed means for discharging coal from the remaining intermediary coal hoppers into the other charging holes of said chamber; and (d) a flare angle of about 55° from the horizontal on each charging hole.
(a) a larry car movable along the top of such battery and supporting a plurality of coal hoppers, equal in number to the number of charging holes in each coking chamber;
(b) screw conveyor means for discharging coal from the outermost coal hoppers located closest to the coke and the pusher sides of said battery into a coke oven chamber;
(c) gravity feed means for discharging coal from the remaining intermediary coal hoppers into the other charging holes of said chamber; and (d) a flare angle of about 55° from the horizontal on each charging hole.
2. The invention of claim 1 wherein:
(a) at least one of said intermediary hoppers having gravity feed means is located nearer the coke side than the pusher side of said battery.
(a) at least one of said intermediary hoppers having gravity feed means is located nearer the coke side than the pusher side of said battery.
3. The invention of claim 1 wherein:
(a) said outermost hoppers hold a total of about eighty (80%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged into said oven; and (b) said intermediary hoppers hold a total of about twenty (20%) percent of such volume.
(a) said outermost hoppers hold a total of about eighty (80%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged into said oven; and (b) said intermediary hoppers hold a total of about twenty (20%) percent of such volume.
4. The invention of claim 1 wherein:
(a) there are three coal hoppers;
(b) the two outermost hoppers each holding about forty (40%) percent of the volume of coal to be charged into said coke oven chamber; and (c) the third intermediary hopper holding about twenty (20%) percent of the volume of coal to be charged into said coke oven chamber.
(a) there are three coal hoppers;
(b) the two outermost hoppers each holding about forty (40%) percent of the volume of coal to be charged into said coke oven chamber; and (c) the third intermediary hopper holding about twenty (20%) percent of the volume of coal to be charged into said coke oven chamber.
5. The invention of claim 1 wherein:
(a) there are four coal hoppers;
(b) the two outermost hoppers each holding about thirty-nine (39%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged into the coke oven chamber; and (c) the intermediary coal hoppers together holding about twenty-two (22%) percent of the total volume of coal with one of said intermediary hoppers near the coke side holding about thirteen (13%) percent and the other of said intermediary hopper holding about nine (9%) percent of such total volume.
(a) there are four coal hoppers;
(b) the two outermost hoppers each holding about thirty-nine (39%) percent of the total volume of coal to be charged into the coke oven chamber; and (c) the intermediary coal hoppers together holding about twenty-two (22%) percent of the total volume of coal with one of said intermediary hoppers near the coke side holding about thirteen (13%) percent and the other of said intermediary hopper holding about nine (9%) percent of such total volume.
6. In the method for charging coal into a coke oven chamber from a larry car carrying a volume of coal to be char-ged thereinto, the steps comprising:
(a) removing charging hole lids from a pair of first charging holes located respectively nearest the coke and the pusher sides of said chamber;
(b) screw feeding about forty (40%) percent of the total volume of coal into said chamber simultaneously through each one of the first charging holes;
(c) replacing said charging hole lids and removing the charging hole lids from the remaining number of second charging holes of said chamber;
(d) gravitating the remaining twenty (20%) percent of the total volume of coal into said chamber through said second charging holes; and (e) replacing the lids on said second charging holes.
(a) removing charging hole lids from a pair of first charging holes located respectively nearest the coke and the pusher sides of said chamber;
(b) screw feeding about forty (40%) percent of the total volume of coal into said chamber simultaneously through each one of the first charging holes;
(c) replacing said charging hole lids and removing the charging hole lids from the remaining number of second charging holes of said chamber;
(d) gravitating the remaining twenty (20%) percent of the total volume of coal into said chamber through said second charging holes; and (e) replacing the lids on said second charging holes.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US40468473A | 1973-10-09 | 1973-10-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1041455A true CA1041455A (en) | 1978-10-31 |
Family
ID=23600613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA202,958A Expired CA1041455A (en) | 1973-10-09 | 1974-06-20 | Method and apparatus for stage charging of coke oven chambers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1041455A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1478189A (en) |
-
1974
- 1974-06-20 CA CA202,958A patent/CA1041455A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-09-09 GB GB3934074A patent/GB1478189A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1478189A (en) | 1977-06-29 |
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